JP3217663B2 - Power storage device - Google Patents
Power storage deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3217663B2 JP3217663B2 JP28177095A JP28177095A JP3217663B2 JP 3217663 B2 JP3217663 B2 JP 3217663B2 JP 28177095 A JP28177095 A JP 28177095A JP 28177095 A JP28177095 A JP 28177095A JP 3217663 B2 JP3217663 B2 JP 3217663B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- temperature
- storage device
- power storage
- comparison value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、充電して電力を貯
蔵するコンデンサ電池に対し充電電流をバイパスするバ
イパス手段を有し、直列に接続したコンデンサ電池の全
充電電圧により満充電を判断して充電を制御する電力貯
蔵装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention has a bypass means for bypassing a charging current for a capacitor battery which stores power by charging, and judges whether the battery is fully charged based on the total charging voltage of the capacitor batteries connected in series. The present invention relates to a power storage device that controls charging.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】本発明者は、電気二重層コンデンサを用
いた電力貯蔵装置において、直列に接続された各電気二
重層コンデンサの電圧分担を一様にする目的で、並列モ
ニタと呼ばれる並列充電制御装置を提案して（例えば特
開平５−２９２６８３号公報、特開平５−２９２６８４
号公報、「電力用蓄電装置の基礎的研究」Ｔ．ＩＥＥＪ
ａｐａｎ，Ｖｏｌ．１１５−Ｂ，Ｎｏ．５，’９５ ｐ
５０４−５１０、「新型物理電池による蓄電装置「ＥＣ
Ｓ」」京都フォーラム（１９９５年４月２７、２８日）
講演予稿（文献追補）等を参照）、すでに実用に供され
ている。2. Description of the Related Art In a power storage device using an electric double layer capacitor, the present inventor has proposed a parallel charge control called a parallel monitor for the purpose of equalizing the voltage sharing of each electric double layer capacitor connected in series. A device is proposed (for example, JP-A-5-292683, JP-A-5-292684).
Gazette, "Basic Research on Electricity Storage Devices" IEEEJ
apan, Vol. 115-B, no. 5, '95 p
504-510, "Electricity storage device using new physical battery" EC
S "Kyoto Forum (April 27 and 28, 1995)
Proceedings of lectures (see supplementary documents) are already in practical use.
【０００３】図６は並列モニタ（並列充電制御装置）の
従来例を示す図であり、２１は並列充電制御装置、Ｃは
コンデンサ、ＣＭＰはコンパレータ、ＴＲはトランジス
タ、ＶＲは基準電圧源を示す。コンデンサＣは、例えば
電力貯蔵装置の内部の直列に接続されたコンデンサの１
個であり、並列充電制御装置２１は、このコンデンサＣ
に並列に並列モニタとして接続されたものである。従来
の並列モニタ、つまり並列充電制御装置２１は、図６に
示すようにコンデンサＣの端子電圧と基準電圧ＶＲをコ
ンパレータＣＭＰによって比較し、端子電圧が所定の値
（基準値、比較値）を越えると、トランジスタＴＲをオ
ンにするものである。このトランジスタＴＲのオンによ
ってコンデンサＣに流れ込んでくる充電電流をバイパス
し、コンデンサＣが過剰に充電されるのを防ぐというも
のである。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a conventional example of a parallel monitor (parallel charging control device). Reference numeral 21 denotes a parallel charging control device, C denotes a capacitor, CMP denotes a comparator, TR denotes a transistor, and VR denotes a reference voltage source. The capacitor C is, for example, one of the capacitors connected in series inside the power storage device.
And the parallel charge control device 21
Are connected in parallel as parallel monitors. The conventional parallel monitor, that is, the parallel charge control device 21, compares the terminal voltage of the capacitor C with the reference voltage VR by the comparator CMP as shown in FIG. 6, and the terminal voltage exceeds a predetermined value (reference value, comparison value). To turn on the transistor TR. By turning on the transistor TR, the charging current flowing into the capacitor C is bypassed to prevent the capacitor C from being excessively charged.
【０００４】上記電気二重層コンデンサを用いた電力貯
蔵装置では、直列に接続されたすべてのコンデンサに図
６に示すような並列モニタを設けることによって、すべ
てのコンデンサの端子電圧を設定電圧以上にならないよ
う保護することができる。なお、直列に接続されたコン
デンサからなる電力貯蔵装置に対しては、充電器から定
電流充電が行われるが、その充電電圧つまり直列に接続
されたコンデンサの合計電圧が所定の値を越えると満充
電と判断し、充電が停止するよう電圧制限型に制御され
るのが通常である。このような充電停止の制御を行うこ
とにより無駄な充電電流を流さないようにしているが、
並列モニタには、過剰に電流が流れた場合の万一の発熱
に備えて十分な大きさの放熱板を取り付けている。In the power storage device using the electric double-layer capacitor, by providing a parallel monitor as shown in FIG. 6 for all the capacitors connected in series, the terminal voltages of all the capacitors do not exceed the set voltage. Can be protected. Note that a constant-current charging is performed from a charger to a power storage device including capacitors connected in series. However, when the charging voltage, that is, the total voltage of the capacitors connected in series exceeds a predetermined value, the battery is fully charged. Normally, it is determined that charging has been performed, and control is performed in a voltage limiting type so that charging is stopped. By controlling such charging stop, useless charging current is prevented from flowing.
The parallel monitor is provided with a radiator plate large enough for heat generation in case of excessive current flow.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、すべてのコ
ンデンサと並列モニタが正常に動作している限り、逐一
個々のコンデンサの充電電圧が所定の値になると共に並
列モニタがオンになり、すべてのコンデンサが満充電に
なったことにより充電が停止するまで、並列モニタが電
流をバイパスする時間はごく短時間であり、バイパス電
流を負担する並列モニタのトランジスタの発熱はそれほ
どにはならない。しかし、何らかの原因で故障が発生
し、例えば３個直列のコンデンサのうちの１個に短絡が
生じたとすると、充電電圧は、コンデンサの２個分に止
まってしまう。そのため、２個のコンデンサが所定の充
電電圧に達しそれらの並列モニタが充電電流のバイパス
を開始しても、コンデンサの合計電圧は何時までも所定
の値、つまり３個分の充電電圧まで上がらない。したが
って、この満充電電圧の減少を検出して充電を停止する
機能がない限り充電を継続するので、故障したコンデン
サ以外のコンデンサに取り付けた並列モニタは電流をバ
イパスし続け、そのトランジスタの発熱により温度が異
常に上昇することになる。By the way, as long as all the capacitors and the parallel monitor are operating normally, the charging voltage of each capacitor becomes a predetermined value and the parallel monitor is turned on. Until the battery is fully charged, the parallel monitor bypasses the current for a very short time until the charging is stopped, and the transistor of the parallel monitor that bears the bypass current does not generate much heat. However, if a failure occurs for some reason and, for example, a short circuit occurs in one of the three capacitors in series, the charging voltage is limited to two capacitors. Therefore, even when the two capacitors reach a predetermined charging voltage and their parallel monitors start to bypass the charging current, the total voltage of the capacitors does not always rise to a predetermined value, that is, three charging voltages. . Therefore, charging is continued unless there is a function to detect this decrease in full charge voltage and stop charging, so that the parallel monitor attached to a capacitor other than the failed capacitor continues to bypass the current, and the heat generated by the transistor causes the temperature to increase. Will rise abnormally.
【０００６】この時の電力は、小型のコンデンサでも、
急速充電時の電流例えば１０Ａとコンデンサの満充電電
圧例えば３Ｖの場合で、コンデンサ１個つまり並列モニ
タ１個当たり３０Ｗにも達する。ごく稀にしか生じない
こうした状態を想定して、従来は並列モニタに大きな放
熱板を取り付け、万一の放熱に備える方法が採用されて
いる。[0006] At this time, the power is small
When the current at the time of quick charging is 10 A, for example, and the full charge voltage of the capacitor is 3 V, for example, it reaches 30 W per capacitor, that is, one parallel monitor. Assuming such a condition that occurs very rarely, a method in which a large heat radiating plate is attached to the parallel monitor to prepare for an emergency heat radiation is conventionally adopted.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記の課題を
解決するものであって、放熱板を小さくし装置の小型軽
量化を図ることである。そのために本発明は、充電して
電力を貯蔵するコンデンサ電池に対し充電電流をバイパ
スするバイパス手段を有し、直列に接続したコンデンサ
電池の全充電電圧により満充電を判断して充電を制御す
る電力貯蔵装置において、バイパス手段の放熱板の温度
を検出してコンデンサ電池の充電を制御することを特徴
とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to reduce the size of a heat radiating plate and reduce the size and weight of an apparatus. For this purpose, the present invention has a bypass means for bypassing a charging current to a capacitor battery that stores power by charging, and determines a full charge based on a total charging voltage of a capacitor battery connected in series to control charging. In the storage device, the charging of the capacitor battery is controlled by detecting the temperature of the radiator plate of the bypass means.
【０００８】さらに、バイパス手段の放熱板に温度セン
サを取り付け、比較値を設定して該温度センサの検出温
度が比較値に達したことを条件に充電を制御することを
特徴とし、温度センサの検出温度が比較値に達したこと
を条件に充電電流を低減して緩和充電に切り換え、一定
時間経過後に充電を停止させ、温度センサの検出温度が
比較値に達したことを条件に充電電流を低減して緩和充
電に切り換えて、警報し、比較値として第１の比較値と
第２の比較値とを設定し、第１の比較値に達したことを
条件に充電電流を低減して緩和充電に切り換え、第２の
比較値に達したことを条件に充電を停止させることを特
徴とするものである。[0008] Further, a temperature sensor is attached to the heat sink of the bypass means, a comparison value is set, and charging is controlled on condition that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor reaches the comparison value. The charging current is reduced on condition that the detected temperature has reached the comparison value, the mode is switched to relaxation charging, charging is stopped after a certain period of time, and the charging current is reduced on condition that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor reaches the comparison value. Reduced, switched to mitigation charging, issued an alarm, set a first comparison value and a second comparison value as comparison values, and reduced the charging current on condition that the first comparison value was reached. It is characterized by switching to charging and stopping charging on condition that the second comparison value is reached.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
を参照しつつ説明する。図１は本発明に係る電力貯蔵装
置の実施の１形態を示す図、図２は放熱板の温度変化と
充電制御を説明するための図、図３は放熱板におけるト
ランジスタと温度センサの配置例を示す図である。ＴＲ
１、ＴＲ２はトランジスタ、Ｗは放熱板、Ｓは温度セン
サ、Ｐは充電装置、Ｍ１、Ｍ２は並列モニタ制御回路を
示す。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a power storage device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining temperature change and charge control of a heat sink, and FIG. 3 is an example of arrangement of a transistor and a temperature sensor on the heat sink. FIG. TR
1, TR2 is a transistor, W is a heat sink, S is a temperature sensor, P is a charging device, and M1 and M2 are parallel monitor control circuits.
【００１０】図１において、トランジスタＴＲ１、ＴＲ
２は、充電して電力を貯蔵する電力貯蔵装置のコンデン
サ電池に対し充電電流をバイパスする並列モニタのトラ
ンジスタであり、並列モニタ制御回路Ｍ１、Ｍ２により
コンデンサ電池の端子間電圧を検出して所定の値（基準
値、比較値）に達したことを条件にオンに制御される。
放熱板Ｗは、これら並列モニタのトランジスタＴＲ１、
ＴＲ２の放熱のために共通に取り付けたものである。温
度センサＳは、放熱板Ｗに取り付けてその温度を検出す
るものである。充電装置Ｐは、直列に接続した複数のコ
ンデンサ電池に対して、例えば定電流充電を行い、その
充電電圧つまり直列に接続されたコンデンサ電池の合計
電圧が所定の値を越えると満充電と判断して充電を停止
させるよう電圧制限型の制御を行うものであり、さら
に、並列モニタ保護回路を有し、温度センサＳから検出
される放熱板Ｗの温度が所定値、例えば８０℃に達した
ことを条件に充電の制御を行う。In FIG. 1, transistors TR1, TR
Reference numeral 2 denotes a parallel monitor transistor that bypasses a charging current to a capacitor battery of a power storage device that stores power by charging. The parallel monitor control circuits M1 and M2 detect a voltage between terminals of the capacitor battery and determine a predetermined voltage. It is controlled to be ON on condition that the value (reference value, comparison value) has been reached.
The radiator plate W is connected to the transistors TR1 and
It is commonly attached for heat radiation of TR2. The temperature sensor S is attached to the radiator plate W to detect the temperature. The charging device P performs, for example, constant current charging on a plurality of capacitor batteries connected in series, and determines that the battery is fully charged when its charging voltage, that is, the total voltage of the capacitor batteries connected in series, exceeds a predetermined value. Voltage limiting type control so as to stop charging the battery, further comprising a parallel monitor protection circuit, and that the temperature of the heat sink W detected by the temperature sensor S reaches a predetermined value, for example, 80 ° C. Is controlled under the condition of.
【００１１】上記構成の電力貯蔵装置において、例えば
直列に接続したコンデンサ電池の１個またはそれ以上が
故障すると、先に述べたように充電装置Ｐでの全体の充
電電圧が何時までも所定の満充電電圧に達しなくなる。
そのため、並列モニタが長時間バイパス電流をトランジ
スタＴＲ１、ＴＲ２に流し続けるようになり、トランジ
スタＴＲ１、ＴＲ２の発熱により放熱板Ｗの温度が異常
に上昇する。この放熱板Ｗの温度を温度センサＳより検
出することによって、例えば温度が８０℃に達すると、
充電装置Ｐでは、温度センサＳの検出温度が８０℃に達
したことを条件に、充電停止にして充電電流を止める。
このように放熱板Ｗの温度を検出して充電を制御するこ
とにより、並列モニタが長時間バイパス電流をトランジ
スタＴＲ１、ＴＲ２に流し続ける異常事態、つまりコン
デンサ電池の故障等によるトランジスタＴＲ１、ＴＲ２
の劣化、焼損を回避することができる。In the power storage device having the above configuration, for example, when one or more of the capacitor batteries connected in series fail, as described above, the entire charging voltage of the charging device P is always at a predetermined full voltage. It does not reach the charging voltage.
Therefore, the parallel monitor continues to supply the bypass current to the transistors TR1 and TR2 for a long time, and the temperature of the heat sink W abnormally increases due to the heat generated by the transistors TR1 and TR2. By detecting the temperature of the heat sink W from the temperature sensor S, for example, when the temperature reaches 80 ° C.
The charging device P stops charging and stops charging current on condition that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor S reaches 80 ° C.
By detecting the temperature of the radiator plate W and controlling the charging in this manner, an abnormal situation in which the parallel monitor continuously supplies the bypass current to the transistors TR1 and TR2 for a long time, that is, the transistors TR1 and TR2 due to a failure of the capacitor battery or the like.
Deterioration and burning can be avoided.
【００１２】なお、温度検出により所定の温度に達した
ことを条件に充電を停止させるだけでなく、充電電流を
例えば数分の１ないし数十分の１の微小電流に低減させ
た緩和充電に切り換えるようにしてもよいし、その後、
一定時間の経過を待って再度温度を判断して依然として
温度が低下していない場合に充電を停止させるようにし
てもよいし、また、温度の上昇に応じて充電電流を段階
的に低減させたり、充電停止の判断を行う満充電の電圧
を段階的に低減させるものであってもよい。さらに、異
常を判断する基準温度を図２に示すα1 、α2 のように
２段階に設定し、基準温度α1 に達すると、その時刻ｔ
1 で緩和充電に切り換え、それでも温度が上昇して上の
基準温度α2 に達すると、その時刻ｔ2 で充電を停止し
たり、警報するように制御してもよい。温度センサとし
ては、連続的な温度に対応した値の信号が得られるセン
サだけでなく、所定の温度で動作する温度スイッチや温
度ヒューズを用いてもよいし、これらを組み合わせて用
い、上記の機能を実現してもよい。In addition, not only the charging is stopped on condition that the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature by the temperature detection, but also the relaxation charging in which the charging current is reduced to a minute current of, for example, several tenths to several tenths. May be switched, and then
After a certain period of time has passed, the temperature may be determined again and charging may be stopped if the temperature has not yet decreased, or the charging current may be reduced stepwise as the temperature increases. Alternatively, the voltage of the full charge for determining the stop of charging may be gradually reduced. Further, the reference temperature for judging the abnormality is set in two steps like α 1 and α 2 shown in FIG. 2, and when the reference temperature α 1 is reached, the time t
1 in switching to alleviate charging, but when the temperature is reached the reference temperature alpha 2 above to increase, or to stop the charging at the time t 2, the control may be performed so that warning. As the temperature sensor, not only a sensor that can obtain a signal of a value corresponding to a continuous temperature, but also a temperature switch or a temperature fuse that operates at a predetermined temperature may be used, or a combination of these may be used to perform the above functions. May be realized.
【００１３】放熱板Ｗは、すべての並列モニタのトラン
ジスタに取り付けられるが、図３に示すように各放熱板
Ｗに対して２個以上、多数のトランジスタを共通に取り
付けた場合には、その規模、温度分布、信頼性を考慮し
て複数個の温度センサＳを配置してもよい。The heat radiating plate W is attached to all the transistors of the parallel monitor. However, as shown in FIG. A plurality of temperature sensors S may be arranged in consideration of temperature distribution and reliability.
【００１４】図４は並列モニタを備えた本発明に係る電
力貯蔵装置の充電回路の全体構成例を示す図、図５はコ
ンデンサ電池のユニット構成例を示す図である。図４に
おいて、コンデンサ電池Ｃ1 、Ｃ2 、……、ＣN は、充
電して電力を貯蔵する例えば電気二重層コンデンサであ
る。トランジスタＴＲは、コンデンサ電池に対し充電電
流をバイパスする並列モニタのトランジスタであり、並
列モニタ制御回路Ｍは、コンデンサ電池の充電電圧を検
出して所定の値と比較し、コンデンサ電池が満充電にな
ると、充電電流をバイパスするようにトランジスタＴＲ
をオンにするものである。充電装置Ｐは、並列モニタ設
定回路ＰA と並列モニタ保護回路ＰB とを備えたもので
あり、並列モニタの動作電圧の設定、充電電流の値、充
電の停止の制御を行う。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of a charging circuit of a power storage device according to the present invention having a parallel monitor, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a unit configuration of a capacitor battery. In FIG. 4, capacitor batteries C 1 , C 2 ,..., C N are, for example, electric double-layer capacitors that store power by charging. The transistor TR is a parallel monitor transistor that bypasses the charging current to the capacitor battery, and the parallel monitor control circuit M detects the charging voltage of the capacitor battery, compares it with a predetermined value, and when the capacitor battery is fully charged. , The transistor TR so as to bypass the charging current
Is to turn on. Charging device P, which has provided with a parallel monitor setting circuit P A and parallel monitor protection circuit P B, setting the operating voltage of the parallel monitor, the value of the charging current, the control of the stopping of the charging performed.
【００１５】並列モニタ設定回路ＰA は、コンデンサ電
池の充電電圧を検出して満充電を判断するための並列モ
ニタ制御回路Ｍの所定の値を設定するものである。この
設定は、例えば既に本発明者が提案しているように並列
モニタ設定回路ＰA からパルス電圧のデューティ比を変
えて並列モニタ制御回路Ｍに供給し、これを基準値回路
で平滑電圧にして設定することにより実現できる。並列
モニタ保護回路ＰB は、並列モニタのトランジスタＴＲ
に共通に取り付けた放熱板Ｗの温度を判断して、先に説
明したような充電の停止や緩和充電の制御信号を発生す
るものであり、放熱板Ｗの温度を検出するのが温度セン
サＳである。The parallel monitor setting circuit P A is used to set a predetermined value of the parallel monitor control circuit M for determining the full charge by detecting the charging voltage of the capacitor battery. This setting, for example, already supplied in parallel monitor control circuit M by changing the duty ratio of the pulse voltage from the parallel monitor setting circuit P A as the present inventor has proposed, which was smoothed voltage reference value circuit It can be realized by setting. The parallel monitor protection circuit P B is connected to the parallel monitor transistor TR.
The temperature sensor S detects the temperature of the radiator plate W which is commonly attached to the radiator plate W, and generates a control signal for stopping or relaxing the charging as described above. It is.
【００１６】上記の構成において、例えばコンデンサ電
池Ｃ1 が故障してその並列モニタ制御回路Ｍがトランジ
スタＴＲをオンにすると、コンデンサ電池Ｃ2 以下のコ
ンデンサ電池が満充電に至るまで長時間バイパス電流が
流れ続けるため、放熱板Ｗの温度が徐々に上昇する。し
かし、並列モニタ保護回路ＰB では、温度センサＳの信
号から放熱板Ｗの温度が異常に高いと判断すると、緩和
充電に切り換えて充電電流を微小にし、或いは充電を停
止させる。この保護動作により、コンデンサ電池Ｃ1 の
故障によりトランジスタＴＲが焼損したり、劣化するの
を防ぐことができる。[0016] In the above configuration, for example, a capacitor battery C 1 is the parallel monitor control circuit M by failure to turn on the transistor TR, a long time bypass current until the capacitor battery C 2 following capacitor battery reaches the fully charged Since the flow continues, the temperature of the heat sink W gradually increases. However, the parallel monitor protection circuit P B, the temperature of the radiator plate W from the signal of the temperature sensor S is determined to abnormally high, by switching to mitigate charging the charging current to the micro, or to stop charging. This protection operation, or burn out the transistor TR is the failure of the capacitor cell C 1, it can be prevented from being deteriorated.
【００１７】いま、製品から無作為に組み合わせた複数
のコンデンサ間の特性のバラツキが、静電容量で±５
％、漏れ抵抗で±５％、置き場所による温度の差による
特性変化が±５％あるとすると、最悪の場合に±１５％
の負担電圧のバラツキとなる。その条件下でコンデンサ
だけで安全に運転するには最大電圧を７０％とすればよ
い。しかし、電圧Ｖで静電容量Ｃのコンデンサに貯蔵で
きる電力量Ｑは、 Ｑ＝０．５ＣＶ2 であるから、電圧Ｖを７０％にディレーティングする
と、貯蔵できる電力量Ｑは４９％と半減してしまう。そ
こで、並列モニタを接続すると、これにより１００％ま
で心配なく充電できるようにする目的で、満充電を監視
することができる。このように並列モニタを各コンデン
サ毎に接続すれば電力の貯蔵効率は、最大にできるが、
同一ロットのコンデンサを同一の容器に封入するなど、
静電容量や漏れ電流の個々のコンデンサによるバラツキ
が極めて少ない素子をほぼ同一の温度条件で使用できる
ようにすれば、並列モニタを複数のコンデンサについて
まとめて１個接続することができる。Now, the variation in characteristics among a plurality of capacitors randomly combined from a product has a capacitance of ± 5.
%, ± 5% in leakage resistance, ± 5% in characteristic change due to temperature difference depending on the place, ± 15% in the worst case
Of the burden voltage. Under these conditions, the maximum voltage may be set to 70% for safe operation with only the capacitor. However, the amount of power Q that can be stored in the capacitor having the capacitance C at the voltage V is Q = 0.5 CV 2. Therefore, when the voltage V is derated to 70%, the amount of power Q that can be stored is halved to 49%. Would. Therefore, when a parallel monitor is connected, full charge can be monitored for the purpose of charging up to 100% without worry. By connecting a parallel monitor for each capacitor in this way, the power storage efficiency can be maximized,
For example, enclose capacitors of the same lot in the same container,
If elements having extremely small variations in capacitance and leakage current due to individual capacitors can be used under substantially the same temperature condition, one parallel monitor can be connected to a plurality of capacitors at once.
【００１８】並列モニタは、両端の端子間の電圧が設定
値以上にならないように保護できるが、複数のコンデン
サを直列に接続した場合に各コンデンサの電圧配分には
関係がない。各コンデンサの電圧配分は、各コンデンサ
の上記特性、静電容量、漏れ電流のバラツキと温度や経
年変化などの合計によって左右される。これらを品質管
理によりある幅に抑えれば、各コンデンサに加わる電圧
のバラツキはその幅以内で管理できる。本発明でも、例
えば同一の金属ケースに組セルとして収容し、個別に交
換されたり温度が変わったりしないような据え付け方を
採用し、放熱板の温度を検出して充電を制御することに
より、図５に示すようにコンデンサＣ1、C2 、……、Ｃ
n の数個をまとめて１つの並列モニタに接続することが
できるので、簡素化、低価格化を図ることができる。Although the parallel monitor can protect the voltage between the terminals at both ends from exceeding a set value, when a plurality of capacitors are connected in series, there is no relation to the voltage distribution of each capacitor. The voltage distribution of each capacitor depends on the above-mentioned characteristics of each capacitor, the capacitance, the variation of the leakage current, and the sum of the temperature, aging, and the like. If these are suppressed to a certain range by quality control, the variation in the voltage applied to each capacitor can be controlled within the range. Also in the present invention, for example, the battery is housed as an assembled cell in the same metal case, and an installation method that does not change individually or the temperature does not change is adopted. As shown in FIG. 5, capacitors C 1 , C 2 ,.
Since several n can be collectively connected to one parallel monitor, simplification and cost reduction can be achieved.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明
によれば、充電して電力を貯蔵するコンデンサ電池に対
し充電電流をバイパスする並列モニタの放熱板に温度セ
ンサを取り付け、温度が所定値に達すると、充電電流を
微小電流にしたり、充電を停止させるので、放熱板を小
さくしても、コンデンサ電池の故障等によるトランジス
タの劣化、焼損を回避することができる。したがって、
放熱板を小さくして並列モニタの小型軽量化を図ること
ができ、設置スペースを節約できる。As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the temperature sensor is mounted on the heat radiating plate of the parallel monitor for bypassing the charging current for the capacitor battery storing the power by charging. When the value reaches the value, the charging current is reduced to a small current or charging is stopped. Therefore, even if the heat sink is made smaller, deterioration and burning of the transistor due to failure of the capacitor battery or the like can be avoided. Therefore,
By reducing the size of the heat sink, the size and weight of the parallel monitor can be reduced, and the installation space can be saved.
【図１】 本発明に係る電力貯蔵装置の実施の１形態を
示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a power storage device according to the present invention.
【図２】 放熱板の温度変化と充電制御を説明するため
の図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining temperature change of a heat sink and charge control.
【図３】 放熱板におけるトランジスタと温度センサの
配置例を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of transistors and temperature sensors on a heat sink.
【図４】 並列モニタを備えた本発明に係る電力貯蔵装
置の充電回路の全体構成例を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration example of a charging circuit of a power storage device according to the present invention including a parallel monitor.
【図５】 コンデンサ電池のユニット構成例を示す図で
ある。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a unit configuration of a capacitor battery.
【図６】 並列モニタ（並列充電制御装置）の従来例を
示す図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a conventional example of a parallel monitor (parallel charging control device).
ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２…トランジスタ、Ｗ…放熱板、Ｓ…温度
センサ、Ｐ…充電装置、Ｍ１、Ｍ２…並列モニタ制御回
路TR1, TR2: transistor, W: heat sink, S: temperature sensor, P: charging device, M1, M2: parallel monitor control circuit
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−314132（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−322491（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平１−286781（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−222370（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H02J 1/00 - 1/16 H02J 7/00 - 7/12 H02J 7/34 - 7/36 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-314132 (JP, A) JP-A-7-322249 (JP, A) JP-A-1-286781 (JP, A) JP-A-7-324 222370 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) H02J 1/00-1/16 H02J 7 /00-7/12 H02J 7 /34-7/36
Claims (6)
に対し充電電流をバイパスするバイパス手段を有し、直
列に接続したコンデンサ電池の全充電電圧により満充電
を判断して充電を制御する電力貯蔵装置において、バイ
パス手段の放熱板の温度を検出してコンデンサ電池の充
電を制御することを特徴とする電力貯蔵装置。1. A power storage device comprising a bypass means for bypassing a charging current to a capacitor battery for storing power by charging, and judging full charging based on a total charging voltage of the capacitor batteries connected in series to control charging. A power storage device, comprising: detecting a temperature of a radiator plate of a bypass unit to control charging of a capacitor battery.
り付け、比較値を設定して該温度センサの検出温度が比
較値に達したことを条件に充電を制御することを特徴と
する請求項１記載の電力貯蔵装置。2. A charging device according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor is attached to the heat radiating plate of the bypass means, a comparison value is set, and charging is controlled on condition that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor reaches the comparison value. The power storage device as described in the above.
ことを条件に充電電流を低減して緩和充電に切り換え、
一定時間経過後に充電を停止させることを特徴とする請
求項２記載の電力貯蔵装置。3. When the detected temperature of the temperature sensor reaches the comparison value, the charging current is reduced to switch to the relaxed charging.
3. The power storage device according to claim 2, wherein charging is stopped after a predetermined time has elapsed.
ことを条件に充電電流を低減して緩和充電に切り換え
て、警報することを特徴とする請求項２記載の電力貯蔵
装置。4. The power storage device according to claim 2, wherein the charging current is reduced and the mode is switched to the mitigation charging and an alarm is issued on condition that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor reaches the comparison value.
値とを設定し、第１の比較値に達したことを条件に充電
電流を低減して緩和充電に切り換え、第２の比較値に達
したことを条件に充電を停止させることを特徴とする請
求項２記載の電力貯蔵装置。5. A first comparison value and a second comparison value are set as comparison values, and the charging current is reduced and the mode is switched to relaxed charging on condition that the first comparison value is reached. The power storage device according to claim 2, wherein charging is stopped on condition that the comparison value is reached.
放熱板の温度を検出することを特徴とする請求項１記載
の電力貯蔵装置。6. The power storage device according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heat sink is detected by a temperature fuse or a temperature switch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28177095A JP3217663B2 (en) | 1995-10-30 | 1995-10-30 | Power storage device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28177095A JP3217663B2 (en) | 1995-10-30 | 1995-10-30 | Power storage device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09130969A JPH09130969A (en) | 1997-05-16 |
| JP3217663B2 true JP3217663B2 (en) | 2001-10-09 |
Family
ID=17643739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28177095A Expired - Fee Related JP3217663B2 (en) | 1995-10-30 | 1995-10-30 | Power storage device |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3217663B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4526718B2 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2010-08-18 | 株式会社Ｋｒｉ | Power storage device |
| JP2011066002A (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2011-03-31 | Autonetworks Technologies Ltd | Battery temperature-detecting device and on-board power supply distribution device |
| JP4843921B2 (en) | 2004-09-02 | 2011-12-21 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Battery pack capacity adjustment device and battery pack capacity adjustment method |
| JP5040154B2 (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2012-10-03 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Secondary battery capacity adjustment method and apparatus |
| CN103717302B (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2015-11-25 | 东丽株式会社 | Absorption carrier and preparation method thereof |
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1995
- 1995-10-30 JP JP28177095A patent/JP3217663B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH09130969A (en) | 1997-05-16 |
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