JP3216609U - Generator with central magnetic axis - Google Patents

Abstract

The efficiency of a generator having a central magnetic shaft is increased. A generator has a stator and a rotor, the stator having at least one axial direction at an axial end so that a main central portion of the central shaft is not surrounded by coils. And a central axis having a coil offset to the coil, the coil being configured to magnetize the central axis. The stator includes a plurality of power generation layers 220, 224, 228, each having a power generation winding 210 provided circumferentially around a central axis, and the rotor is a magnetized layer 222 aligned with the main central portion. 226. The at least one power generation layer is in the form of a tubular assembly 310 that includes a tubular body 312 that is coaxial with the central axis and at least one axially offset coil 314 at an axial end. The central part is not surrounded by the coil, and the coil is configured to magnetize the tubular body. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric machine, and specifically to a generator. More particularly, it relates to a generator having a central magnetic shaft.

  In the conventional generator design, the innermost central portion of the generator is a rotor that is a rotating member of the generator. This rotating part is the source of the magnetic field (ie the magnetized member or magnetized layer) that generates the generator's EMF (electromagnetic field). This rotor-generated magnetic field intersects or “cuts” the conductors in the windings that are part of the stator and generates a current. Applicants are aware of generator designs having multiple rotor layers and / or multiple stator layers.

  In most of the conventional designs known to the applicant, the magnetic field source is the rotor, while the stator is always stationary and is the generator conductor. In other designs, the stator is not a magnetic field source. The applicant has realized that it is desirable to increase the magnetic flux density in order to increase the power generation capacity of the generator.

  Applicants want a generator that assists the stator in creating and strengthening the magnetic field, but being a power generation layer rather than a magnetized layer.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a generator having a stator and a rotor.
The stator includes a central shaft and is offset in at least one axial direction at an axial end portion (referred to as a coil winding portion) of the central shaft so that a main central portion of the central shaft is not surrounded by a coil. The central axis has different poles spaced apart in the axial direction with one pole provided in the coil winding section and the other pole provided in the main center section. Is configured to magnetize the central axis,
The stator includes a plurality of power generation windings each provided circumferentially around the central axis, fixed relative to the central axis, and radially aligned with the main central portion of the central axis. The rotor includes a power generation layer, and the rotor includes a magnetization layer coaxially disposed around the first power generation layer and radially aligned with the main central portion. The magnetization layer has a main center whose inner magnetic pole is a central axis. Having different magnetic poles spaced radially to have different magnetic poles from that aligned with the part,
At least one of the power generation layers is
The tubular assembly includes a tubular body coaxial with the central axis;
A tubular assembly having at least one axially offset coil at an axial end (referred to as a coil winding) of the tubular body such that the main central portion of the tubular body is not surrounded by the coil. The coil magnetizes the tubular body so that one of the poles is provided in the coil winding portion and the other pole is provided in the main central portion and has different magnetic poles spaced apart in the axial direction. Configured to
The power generation winding is provided at the central portion of the tubular body or is aligned in the radial direction.

  The main central part can be regarded as an active part or a magnetized part of the central axis, even if the central axis is generally a power generation layer.

  The central shaft may have a single coil at one end. In that case, the central shaft may have two magnetic poles, one in the coil winding part and one in the main central part. The main central portion and the coil winding portion may be NS or SN (N represents N pole and S represents S pole throughout this specification).

  The central shaft may have a pair of coils, one at each end. In that case, the central shaft may have three magnetic poles, one for each coil winding portion and one for the main central portion. The three magnetic poles may be alternately arranged with NSN or SNS, for example.

  The central shaft may protrude beyond the power generation layer on the outer side in the axial direction. More specifically, the coil winding portion may protrude outward beyond the power generation layer, while the main central portion may be surrounded or covered by the power generation layer. When there are two coils, both ends of the central shaft may protrude beyond the power generation layer in the axially outer side.

  The main central portion may be 1 to 5 times or more or longer than the coil winding portion, more specifically, 2 to 3 times longer.

  The power generation layer is the first power generation layer, and the generator may include a plurality of power generation layers. All the power generation layers may include a stator. The power generation layers may be fixed relative to each other and to the central axis. The power generation layer may be fixed with respect to the generator support structure or housing.

  There may be a plurality of magnetized layers. The magnetized layer and the power generation layer or the plurality of power generation layers may be alternately arranged. All the magnetic layers may include a rotor. The magnetized layers may be fixed with respect to each other. Alternatively, the magnetized layer may rotate in the reverse direction. The magnetized layers may have alternating polarities.

  There may be N magnetized layers and N power generation layers, where N is 1 or greater.

  There may be N magnetized layers and N + 1 power generation layers, and N may be 1 or more, for example, 2. The outermost layer may be a power generation layer. The outermost layer may be stationary. The generator may include a cylindrical metal sleeve that surrounds the outermost layer. The metal sleeve and outermost layer may be disposed on the generator frame or fixed to the generator frame. The metal sleeve may provide a magnetic return path and have the function of shaping the magnetic field.

  In development, if there are more than two magnetized layers (ie, N ≧ 3), the alternating magnetized layers rotate to form part of the rotor, and the remaining magnetized layers may be stationary. Form a part of One set of magnetized layers (eg, a pinned magnetized layer) may be electronically switched as the rotor rotates to maintain an alternating polarity arrangement.

  The magnetized layer (or each magnetized layer) may be provided by a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. If the magnetized layer is provided by electromagnets, these electromagnets may be electronically switchable to switch or reverse their polarity.

The purpose of the generator configuration according to the present invention is
-Increase the magnetic flux between the magnetic layers, thereby increasing the efficiency of the generator.
-Linearize the magnetic field between the magnetized layers by perpendicular intersections or cuts by conductors (in the windings) in the power generation layer (s).
-Centrifugal load is reduced because the innermost part (ie the central axis) attracts all layers by flux coupling.
-Reduce the distance between the poles, thereby increasing the efficiency of the generator.

  Note that the configuration of the tubular assembly is similar to the configuration of the central shaft. The tubular assembly can form part of the stator.

  The tubular assembly may have a single coil at one end. In that case, the tubular assembly may have two magnetic poles, one in the coil winding part and one in the main central part. The main central part and the coil winding part may be NS or SN.

  The tubular assembly may have a pair of coils, one at each end. In such a case, the tubular assembly may have three magnetic poles, one for each coil winding and one for the main center. The three magnetic poles may be alternately arranged with NSN or SNS, for example.

  The body of the tubular assembly may be made of, for example, steel metal.

  The tubular body may have a circular or polygonal (for example, square, rectangular) cross-sectional shape.

  The body of the tubular assembly may include a plurality of laminates. A power generation winding of the tubular assembly may be provided between the laminates.

  The magnetized layer may be provided on the radially inner side of the tubular assembly. The magnetized layer may be provided on both sides of the tubular assembly. The magnetized layer or each magnetized layer may be aligned with the main central portion of the tubular assembly. The magnetized layers or adjacent poles of each magnetized layer may have a different polarity than the main central pole of the tubular assembly. If there is a magnetized layer on each side of the tubular assembly, the poles adjacent to the magnetized layer may or may not be the same as that of the main central portion of the tubular assembly. For example, the main central portion of the tubular assembly may have S polarity and the adjacent poles of each magnetized layer may be N.

  If a magnetic sleeve is present, the tubular body may be physically or magnetically coupled to the magnetic sleeve.

The invention will now be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings.
In the drawing:
1 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a generator according to the present invention, including a tubular assembly as a power generation layer. FIG. 5 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a generator according to the present invention, including two tubular assemblies as a power generation layer. FIG. 4 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a generator according to the present invention, including an offset tubular assembly as a power generation layer. FIG. 4 shows a schematic axial cross-section of another embodiment of a generator according to the present invention, including a power generation layer and an offset tubular assembly as a magnetic sleeve.

  FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a generator 300 according to the present invention. In all of the figures, the thicknesses of the various layers and the gaps between the layers are not necessarily to scale, and may be exaggerated and scaled for clarity of explanation.

  The generator 300 is a generator for generating output power from mechanical rotation input. The generator 300 has a central shaft 202 that forms the basis of the stator of the generator 300. The central shaft 302 is cylindrical and elongated. The central shaft 302 has two axially offset coils 204, 204.1 wound around each end thereof. The presence of the coils 104, 104.1 divides the central shaft 102 into three parts, namely two coil windings 206 and a main central part 208. The main central portion 208 is about three times as long as each coil winding portion 106.

  The coils 204, 204.1 are energized during use and act as electromagnets that magnetize the central shaft 202. Therefore, when the coils 204 and 204.1 are energized, the central shaft 202 forms three magnetic poles that are spaced apart in the axial direction. In this embodiment, the coil winding portions 204 and 204.1 have S polarity, and the main central portion 208 has N polarity.

  The power generation winding 210 is provided around the main central portion 208 of the central shaft 202. These power generation windings 210 essentially constitute the power generation layer 220. The winding 210 may be very close to or in contact with the central shaft 202.

  A magnetized layer 222 is provided around the power generation layer 220, and generates a magnetic flux (generally indicated by reference numeral 234) extending through the power generation layer 220. The magnetized layer 222 is provided by an electromagnet 212. The pair of magnetic poles provided by the magnetized layer 222 are radially spaced so that the opposite pole (S) of the magnetized layer 222 is aligned with the main central portion 208 of the pole (N). Since the magnetic flux 234 extends straight between the magnetized layer 222 and the main central portion 208 of the central shaft 202, the winding 210 of the power generation layer 220 intersects the magnetic field 234 vertically at at least two points of full rotation. To do.

  Furthermore, the generator 300 has a plurality of generation and magnetization layers 220-228. In this embodiment, there are N + 1 power generation layers 220, 224, 228 and N magnetization layers 222, 226, where N = 2. The main central portion 208 of the central shaft 202 and the magnetized layers 222, 226 have magnetic poles that alternate in the radial direction, and this magnetic pole is arranged like NSNSN in this embodiment, so that it is outward from the central shaft 202. A magnetic field or flux 234 is provided that extends toward (and possibly inwards) and extends relatively radially straight. The magnetized layers 222 and 226 are provided by an electromagnet 212.

  Generator 300 has magnetized layers 222, 226 configured to rotate, and thus forms part of the rotor structure of generator 300. Although not shown, the magnetized layers 222 and 226 are connected to a rotation input unit to the generator 200. As the magnetized layers 222, 226 rotate relative to the power generation layers 220, 224, 228, the radially outwardly directed magnetic flux 234 rotates like a wheel spoke and is perpendicular to the winding 210 of the power generation layers 220, 224, 228. A current is induced in the winding 210 crossing.

  Although not shown, the poles of the magnetic layers 222, 226 including the coils 204, 204.1 of the central shaft 202 can be changed using electronic control. The magnetized layers 222, 226 can be configured to rotate in the same direction, or can be rotated in the opposite direction if the magnetic poles on each layer 222, 226 have the same polarity. The magnetized layers 222, 226 can also be rotated in opposite directions at the same or different speeds.

  Since the central core 202 that actively participates in the generation of the magnetic flux 234 is disposed coaxially in the inner magnetized layer 222, the distance between the magnetic field sources is halved. According to Coulomb's law, the force on the charge is indirectly proportional to the square of the distance between charges, so according to Coulomb's law, this action (positioning the magnetic field source) is proportional to the decrease in distance. Increases the force on the charge, thus increasing the overall efficiency of the generator 200.

  The generator 300 also includes a single tubular assembly 310. The tubular assembly 310 has a cylindrical tubular body 312 made of steel and coaxial with the central shaft 202. (Although not shown, the tubular body 312 includes a plurality of stacked layers, and the generator winding 210 is wound in slots defined in and between the stacked layers.) Are radially aligned with the main central portion 208 of the central shaft 202.

  Only a small axial section of the tubular body 312 is shown. The tubular body 312 protrudes beyond the central portion of the generator 300, and the central portion is aligned with the main central portion 208 and the magnet 212. Similar to the central shaft 202, the tubular assembly 300 is divided into a main central portion and a coil turn that are aligned with corresponding portions 208, 206 of the central shaft 202. Since the coil 324 is provided around each end of the tubular body 312, the coil winding portion of the tubular body 312 is a so-called one.

  In use, the coil 314 is effectively energized to convert the tubular assembly 310 into an electromagnet having axially spaced poles (again, similar to the manner of operation of the central shaft 202). The pole (in this embodiment) is NSN, N at the coil winding opposite the magnetic pole shape SNS of the central shaft 202, and S at the main center of the tubular assembly 310. .

  Applicants believe that adding the tubular assembly 310 significantly improves the strength of the generated magnetic field 234. Thus, when the power generation layers 222, 226 move through the stronger magnetic field 234 (or vice versa), the power generation layers 222, 226 generate more current.

  Although the tubular assembly 310 itself can form part of the stator, Applicants need a switching device to switch the polarity of the tubular assembly 310 when the rotor rotates, for example, every 180 °. I noticed that there was. A known switching device can be used.

  A generator 350 similar to the generator 300 of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2 except that it includes a second tubular assembly 320 (in addition to the (first) tubular assembly 310). The second tubular assembly 320 has substantially the same configuration as the first tubular assembly 310, but has a larger diameter that functions as a radially outer power generation layer 228. The second tubular assembly 320 has a tubular body 322 having a winding 324 at each end, thus forming poles that are axially spaced. In this configuration, the pole is SNS opposite the pole of the first tubular assembly 310.

  FIG. 3 shows a generator 400 similar to that of FIG. 1 in that a single tubular assembly 330 is provided, but the tubular assembly 330 is axially asymmetric and only at one end. , Except that it has a tubular body 332 having only a single coil winding and a coil 334. Again, the portion or tubular assembly 330 and the central shaft 202 are radially aligned.

  FIG. 4 shows a generator 450 according to the embodiment of FIG. 3, but a metal sleeve 250 with a support frame (not shown) of the generator 450 is also provided. The outermost power generation layer 252 is attached to the inside of the sleeve 250 and at least one end of the central shaft 202. This has the function of separating and strengthening the magnetic flux 234 therein. A magnetic return path is provided by connecting one end of the central shaft 202 to the outermost surface of the outer power generation layer 252.

  Again, in each of the generators 350, 400, 450 of FIGS. 2-4, a switching device is provided to reverse the direction of the current through the coils 314, 324, 334 by the tubular assemblies 310, 320, 330. The polarity of the generated poles as the rotor rotates relative to them (eg, every 90 or 180 degrees, depending on how many poles the generators 300, 350, 400, 450 have in the circumferential direction) Can be switched to.

  The tubular assemblies 310, 320, 330 of FIGS. 1-4 have the function of increasing the strength or density of the magnetic field 234, and the magnetic field 234 can be further enhanced by the use of a magnetic sleeve 250. This correspondingly generates a larger current in the generator winding 210. However, it may result in increased machine complexity. Thus, the exact configuration will be a matter of design choice depending on cost, size, generator output and efficiency.

Claims (5)

A generator having a stator and a rotor,
The stator includes a central shaft and is offset in at least one axial direction at an axial end portion (referred to as a coil winding portion) of the central shaft so that a main central portion of the central shaft is not surrounded by a coil. The coil has a central pole, and one pole is provided at the coil winding portion and the other pole is provided at the main central portion, so that the coils have different magnetic poles spaced in the axial direction. Is configured to magnetize the central axis,
The stator includes a plurality of power generation layers, each of the plurality of power generation layers,
A power generation winding provided circumferentially around the central axis, fixed relative to the central axis and radially aligned with the main central portion of the central axis;
The rotor is
A magnetic layer disposed coaxially around the first power generation layer and radially aligned with the main central portion;
The magnetized layer has different magnetic poles spaced radially such that the inner magnetic pole has a different magnetic pole than that aligned with the main central portion of the central axis;
At least one of the power generation layers is
A tubular body coaxial with the central axis;
A tubular assembly having at least one axially offset coil at an axial end (referred to as a coil winding portion) of the tubular body so that the main central portion of the tubular body is not surrounded by the coil. A three-dimensional form,
The coil has a tubular body so that the tubular body has different magnetic poles spaced apart in the axial direction, with one pole provided in the coil winding portion and the other pole provided in the main central portion. Configured to magnetize,
The power generator winding is provided at a central portion of the tubular body or is aligned in a radial direction. A plurality of magnetized layers, the magnetized layers being provided on both sides of the tubular assembly;
The generator according to claim 1. The central shaft has a single coil at one end thereof, two magnetic poles, one at the coil winding portion of the central shaft and one at the main central portion of the central shaft, The magnetic poles are NS or SN, or the central shaft has a pair of coils at each end thereof, and one each at the coil winding portion of the central shaft, the central shaft Having three magnetic poles in the main central portion of the main body, and the three magnetic poles are NS or SNS.
The generator according to claim 1. The outermost layer is stationary,
The generator includes a cylindrical metal sleeve surrounding the outermost layer, the metal sleeve providing a magnetic return path to shape the magnetic field;
The generator according to claim 1. The polarity of the coil and the tubular body offset in the axial direction of the central axis, and the polarity of the magnetized layer can be electronically switched or can be switched according to the rotation of the rotor, and the alternating polarity arrangement is maintained. To
The generator according to claim 1.