JP3214424B2 - Hybrid drive - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hybrid drive system including, as a power source, an internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine and an electric motor such as a motor or a motor generator that operates by electric power and outputs torque. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, an internal combustion engine inevitably generates exhaust gas. The components and amounts of the exhaust gas depend on the operation state of the internal combustion engine, and as a general tendency, during high load operation with an increased throttle opening, the cleanliness of the exhaust gas tends to decrease, and the fuel efficiency tends to decrease. On the other hand, recently,
The demand for cleanliness of exhaust gas from vehicles equipped with an internal combustion engine has been increasing, and hybrid drive devices have been developed to meet such demands.

[0003] A hybrid drive device is a drive device having an internal combustion engine and an electric motor as power sources. Basically, the internal combustion engine is operated in the most efficient state, and in other running states, the electric motor is not used. Is configured to be used. Therefore, since the hybrid drive device includes an electric motor that can control the torque by electric current, a transmission device such as in a conventional vehicle using only an internal combustion engine as a power source has not been used. Meanwhile, a hybrid drive device that uses an internal combustion engine not only as a power source for power generation but also as a power source for traveling has been equipped with a transmission. Further, a device has been developed in which the torque of the internal combustion engine and the torque of the electric motor are input to a single transmission mechanism such as a planetary gear mechanism, and the output torque of the internal combustion engine is amplified and output.

[0004] One example is described in JP-A-9-37411. The device described in this publication connects an internal combustion engine to a ring gear of a planetary gear mechanism via a clutch, connects a motor / generator to a sun gear, connects an output member to a carrier, and further selectively connects a ring gear. The vehicle includes a fixed brake and a clutch for selectively connecting the sun gear and the ring gear. Further, the hybrid drive described in this publication includes a continuously variable transmission arranged on the output side of the planetary gear mechanism.

Therefore, in the hybrid drive described in the above publication, the power of the internal combustion engine is input to the ring gear of the planetary gear mechanism, while the motor and the gear are input to the sun gear.
Since the torque of the generator is input and output from the carrier, the output torque changes by increasing or decreasing the torque of the sun gear. Further, the driving force can be changed steplessly by continuously changing the speed ratio in the continuously variable transmission. By utilizing the torque amplifying function and the continuously changing gear ratio changing function of the continuously variable transmission in such a planetary gear mechanism, it is possible to operate the internal combustion engine so as to achieve the best fuel efficiency.

[0006]

As described above, if the motor is provided as the driving force source, the output torque of the motor can be controlled by the current, so that a transmission is basically unnecessary, and the above-mentioned prior art is not required. Also in the hybrid drive device, the planetary gear mechanism and the continuously variable transmission are used as control means for operating the internal combustion engine so that fuel efficiency is optimized. Therefore, in the above-described configuration of the planetary gear mechanism, when the vehicle is running at the output of the internal combustion engine, the carrier as the output element cannot be rotated in the opposite direction to the ring gear as the input element. Therefore, when the vehicle travels in reverse, the internal combustion engine is set to the idling state, the ring gear is fixed by the brake means, and the motor / generator functions as a motor in this state, so that the carrier as an output element is separated from the internal combustion engine. Rotating in the opposite direction.

That is, the above-described conventional hybrid drive device is configured to perform reverse traveling by an electric motor. For this reason, when the amount of charge (SOC) of the battery (battery) is small, there is a possibility that a sufficient torque required for reverse running cannot be output. In order to solve such inconvenience, the internal combustion engine may be started and charged to increase the charge amount of the battery. . In particular, in the case of a parallel hybrid device in which the motor also functions as a generator, traveling by the motor and power generation cannot be performed at the same time.Therefore, when the amount of charge in the battery is reduced, it is difficult to perform reverse traveling immediately. there were.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a hybrid drive device capable of securing a sufficient and sufficient torque for reverse running even when the amount of charge of a battery is small. It is intended to provide.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an invention according to a first aspect of the present invention includes an output member of an internal combustion engine and an output member of an electric motor which operates by electric power and outputs torque. And a torque amplifying mechanism that amplifies and outputs the torque output by the internal combustion engine by controlling the torque by the electric motor, and is disposed between the torque amplifying mechanism and the output shaft, and is input from the torque amplifying mechanism side. A continuously variable transmission that increases and decreases the output torque, and is provided between the torque amplifying mechanism and the output shaft, and outputs the forward torque without reversing the input torque and reverses the input torque. And a forward / reverse switching mechanism that can be set to a reverse state in which the output of the continuously variable transmission is set to a reverse state. And a wood and the driven member, wherein the electric motor and the internal combustion engine and the torque amplifying mechanism is arranged on the same axis as the drive-side member, and the forward-reverse switching mechanism the slave
The torque amplifying mechanism, which is arranged on the same axis as the moving side member,
And the forward / reverse switching mechanism are each implemented by a planetary gear mechanism.
And at the outer periphery of the torque amplifying mechanism.
A forward / reverse switching mechanism is provided.

Therefore, in the hybrid drive device according to the first aspect, when the internal combustion engine and the electric motor are driven,
By controlling the output torque of the electric motor, the torque output from the internal combustion engine is amplified and output from the torque amplification mechanism. The torque output from the torque amplifying mechanism is increased or decreased in speed by the continuously variable transmission, and further input to the forward / reverse switching mechanism. Alternatively, the torque output from the torque amplifying mechanism is input to the forward / reverse switching mechanism, and the torque output from the forward / reverse switching mechanism is input to the continuously variable transmission. When the forward / reverse switching mechanism is in a reverse state, the input torque is inverted and output, so that the vehicle can travel backward even when the internal combustion engine is driven in the same manner as when traveling forward. That is, the vehicle can travel backward by the power of the internal combustion engine, and can travel backward with a sufficiently large driving force even if the amount of charge for the electric motor is small. Further, since the continuously variable transmission uses a type in which the driving side member and the driven side member are arranged in parallel, the shaft length of the entire apparatus can be shortened. Further, since the forward / reverse switching mechanism is disposed in a space generated adjacent to the driven side member, that is, a space generated outside in the radial direction of the electric motor or the torque amplifying mechanism, the device is designed to effectively use the space. The overall size can be reduced.

[0011]

[0012]

Further, according to the present invention, the torque output from the internal combustion engine is connected to the output member of the internal combustion engine and the output member of the electric motor which operates by electric power and outputs torque, and controls the torque by the electric motor. A torque amplifying mechanism for amplifying and outputting, a continuously variable transmission disposed between the torque amplifying mechanism and an output shaft, for increasing and decelerating and outputting a torque inputted from the torque amplifying mechanism side; And a forward / reverse switching mechanism that is provided between the motor and the output shaft and that can be set to a forward state in which the input torque is output without reversing and a reverse state in which the input torque is reversed and output. A drive device, wherein the continuously variable transmission includes a drive-side member and a driven-side member arranged so that rotation center axes are parallel to each other, and the electric motor, the internal combustion engine, and the torque amplifier Are disposed on the same axis as the drive-side member, and the forward / reverse switching mechanism switches between a forward state in which the directions of the input torque and the output torque are the same and a reverse state in which the directions of the input torque and the output torque are opposite. A gear mechanism that can be set and is arranged on the same axis as the driven side member, a first engagement device that sets the gear mechanism to a forward state, and a second mechanism that sets the gear mechanism to a reverse state With a joint device,
These engagement devices are arranged on the same axis as the driven side member and on both sides of the driven side member.

Therefore, in the hybrid drive device according to the second aspect, the two engagement devices for the forward / reverse switching mechanism are arranged by utilizing the space formed on both sides of the driven side member in the axial direction. The device can be downsized as a whole by effectively utilizing the space.

[0015]

Next, the present invention will be described more specifically. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a hybrid drive device according to the present invention. An output member of an internal combustion engine 1 such as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine, that is, a crankshaft 2 is connected to a flywheel 4 having a built-in damper mechanism 3. Have been. An input shaft 5 is arranged on the same axis as the crankshaft 2 and the flywheel 4, and the input shaft 5 is connected to the damper mechanism 3.
Through the flywheel 4.

An electric motor / generator (motor / generator) 6 is arranged on the same axis as the input shaft 5 at a position adjacent to the flywheel 4 on the outer peripheral side of the input shaft 5. This motor generator 6 has a configuration in which a rotor 9 is rotatably arranged on the inner peripheral side of a stator 8 having a coil 7, similarly to that used in a conventional hybrid drive device. The energization causes the rotor 9 to rotate and output torque. That is, the rotor 9 becomes an output member. Conversely, when the rotor 9 is rotated by an external force, an electromotive force is generated in the coil 7. The coil 7 is a battery (battery) 1
0 is electrically connected via a control circuit 11.

On the opposite side of the motor generator 6 from the flywheel 4, a torque amplifying mechanism 12 is arranged on the same axis as the input shaft 5. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the torque amplifying mechanism 12 is a single pinion type one.
It is constituted mainly by a set of planetary gear mechanisms 13. That is, the sun gear 14 and the ring gear 15 as an internal gear are arranged concentrically, and the sun gear 14
The pinion gear meshed with the ring gear 15 is held by the carrier 16 so as to be rotatable and revolvable.

An input clutch 17 for selectively connecting the ring gear 15 to the input shaft 5 is provided. Therefore, the ring gear 15 is the first input element. This input clutch 17 is a so-called friction engagement device,
For example, it is constituted by a multi-plate clutch which is engaged / disengaged by hydraulic pressure, and is arranged on the same axis as the input shaft 5 adjacent to the planetary gear mechanism 13. On the other hand, a sun gear 14 is connected to the rotor 9 and thus the sun gear 14 is the second input element.

On the outer peripheral side of the input clutch 17, a direct clutch 18 for integrating the entire planetary gear mechanism 13 is arranged on the same axis as the input shaft 5. The direct clutch 18 is a so-called friction engagement device, and is constituted by, for example, a multi-plate clutch which is engaged and released by hydraulic pressure. The clutch hub is connected to the ring gear 15 and the clutch drum is connected to the carrier 16. Therefore, when the direct clutch 18 is engaged, the ring gear 15 and the carrier 16 which are the two elements of the planetary gear mechanism 13 are connected so as to rotate integrally. As a result, the planetary gear mechanism 1
3 are integrated.

Further, a one-way clutch 20 is arranged between the carrier 16 as an output element and a predetermined fixed portion such as a housing 19. The one-way clutch 20 is configured to be engaged when the carrier 16 tries to rotate in a direction opposite to the crankshaft 2 in the internal combustion engine 1. Therefore, this one-way clutch 20
Can function as a so-called hill hold means for preventing the vehicle from moving backward when starting.

A continuously variable transmission 21 is provided following the torque amplifying mechanism 12. The example shown in FIG. 1 is an FF (front engine / front drive) vehicle or RR
(Rear engine / Rear drive) This is an example suitable for a vehicle, and therefore, a continuously variable transmission 21 of a belt type is employed. That is, a drive pulley 22 capable of changing the groove width is arranged on the same axis as the input shaft 5, and the drive pulley 22 is integrally connected to the carrier 16. A driven pulley 23 whose groove width can be changed is arranged in a state where its rotation center axis is parallel to the input shaft 5.

The drive pulley 22 comprises a fixed sheave 24 arranged on the same axis and a movable sheave 25 which moves in the axial direction with respect to the fixed sheave 24 to approach / separate from the fixed sheave 24. The fixed sheave 24 and the movable sheave 25 are moved in the axial direction by an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder (not shown).
And the groove width between them changes.

On the other hand, the driven pulley 23 is similarly constituted by a fixed sheave 26 and a movable sheave 27. Center of groove in drive pulley 22 and driven pulley 23
The fixed sheave 26 in the driven pulley 23 is disposed radially outside the movable sheave 25 in the drive pulley 22 so that the center of the groove in the drive pulley 22 always coincides with the center of the groove in the drive pulley 22. Sheave 27 in driven pulley 23 outside at
Is arranged. Also in this driven pulley 23, the groove width is changed by moving the movable sheave 27 back and forth in the axial direction by an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder (not shown).

A belt 28 is wound around these pulleys 22 and 23. The belt 28 is formed by connecting a number of metal pieces, and each of the sheaves 24, 25, 2
Torque is transmitted by being sandwiched between the grooves 6 and 27, and the winding radius increases and decreases according to the size of the groove width. Therefore, the movable sheaves 25 and 27 are moved back and forth to change the groove width in the opposite directions on the driving side and the driven side, thereby continuously changing the winding radius of the belt 28, thereby making it possible to change the groove width on the driving side. The ratio of the winding radius on the driven side, that is, the speed change ratio is continuously changed. The driving pulley 22 corresponds to the driving side member in the present invention, and the driven pulley 23 corresponds to the driven side member in the present invention.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the driving pulley 22 shown in FIG.
The torque amplifying mechanism 12, the motor generator 6, and the internal combustion engine 1 are arranged side by side on the same axis in this order on the right side, whereas the driven pulley 23 on the right side in FIG. 29 is disposed on the same axis as the driven pulley 23. This forward / reverse switching mechanism 29
In the example shown in FIG. 1, a double pinion type planetary gear mechanism 30 is mainly configured. The planetary gear mechanism 30 includes a sun gear 31 and a ring gear 3 as an internal gear.
2 are concentrically arranged, and a first pinion gear meshed with the sun gear 31 and the first pinion gear and the ring gear 32 are interposed between the sun gear 31 and the ring gear 32.
And a second pinion gear meshed with the second pinion gear, and these pinion gears are held by a carrier 33.

The sun gear 31 is connected to the driven pulley 23
, And the carrier 33 is connected to the output shaft 34. Further, the forward clutch 3 is an engagement device for integrating the entire planetary gear mechanism 30 into a forward state.
5 is arranged between the sun gear 31 and the ring gear 32. A reverse brake 36, which is an engagement device for bringing the carrier 33 into a reverse state in which the carrier 33 rotates in the opposite direction with respect to the sun gear 31, is provided between the ring gear 32 and the housing 19.
It is provided between a predetermined fixed portion such as the above. More specifically, the driven pulley 23
A forward clutch 35 is disposed on the opposite side from the above, and a reverse brake 36 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the ring gear 32.

The forward / reverse switching mechanism 29 is disposed radially outward of the torque amplifying mechanism 12 described above. This portion is a space created by providing the driven pulley 23 in the continuously variable transmission 21. The forward / reverse switching mechanism 29 is disposed using the space effectively.

Output shaft 34 connected to the carrier 33
Are arranged on the same axis as the driven pulley 23 and the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29. An output gear 37 is integrated with the output shaft 34. On the other hand, output shaft 3
A counter shaft 38 is arranged in parallel with 4, and a driven gear 39 meshed with the output gear 37 and a drive gear 40 smaller in diameter than the driven gear 39 are integrally provided on the counter shaft 38. And the drive gear 40
Are engaged with the ring gear 42 of the differential gear unit 41. This drive gear 40 is preferably arranged on the outer peripheral side of the torque amplifying mechanism 12 and the forward clutch 35 described above.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 43 denotes a hydraulic pump, which is composed of the input shaft 5 and the belt 4.
4 are connected so as to be able to transmit torque. Also, a motor 45 is connected to the hydraulic pump 43 so that the hydraulic pump 43 can be driven independently. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 46 denotes a side member which is a component of the vehicle body, and the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29 and the side member 4 are arranged by arranging the forward / backward switching mechanism 29 as described above.
6 is avoided.

In the above-described hybrid drive device, the output of the internal combustion engine 1 and the output of the motor generator 6 are combined by the torque amplifying mechanism 12 and output.
It can be operated in a plurality of modes as shown in FIG. In each mode, both forward traveling and reverse traveling can be performed. In Table 1, a circle indicates an engaged state or a driven state, and a cross indicates a released state or a non-driven state. Hereinafter, each operation mode will be described.

[0031]

[Table 1] The torque amplification mode is an operation mode in which the output torque of the internal combustion engine 1 is amplified and output by controlling the torque of the motor generator 6. Therefore, in this torque amplification mode, the internal combustion engine 1 is driven, and the input clutch 17 is engaged to transmit the output torque of the internal combustion engine 1 to the torque amplification mechanism 12. Further, the direct clutch 18 for integrating the rotating elements of the planetary gear mechanism 13 constituting the torque amplifying mechanism 12 is released. The hydraulic pressure for engaging the input clutch 17 is generated by driving the hydraulic pump 43 by a motor 45 before the internal combustion engine 1 is started, and the hydraulic pump 43 is driven from the input shaft 5 via the belt 44 during traveling. Is generated by driving the hydraulic pump 43 by transmitting torque to the motor.

FIG. 2 is a collinear diagram of the planetary gear mechanism 13. As is known from FIG.
(The internal combustion engine 1)
When the rotation speed of the sun gear 14 (the rotation speed of the motor generator 6) as the second input element is smaller than the output rotation speed of the internal gear 1, the rotation speed of the carrier 16 as the output element is smaller than the output rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 1. Smaller than the number. Therefore, the torque of motor generator 6 input from sun gear 14 is added to the output torque of internal combustion engine 1 input from ring gear 15, and the combined torque is output from carrier 16. That is, the torque output from the carrier 16 becomes larger than the torque input from the internal combustion engine 1, and the planetary gear mechanism 13 performs the torque amplifying action.

In this case, when the rotor 9 is rotated in the reverse direction together with the sun gear 14, the motor generator 6 functions as a generator. That is, power generation is performed using a part of the output of the internal combustion engine 1. This power generation region is a region surrounded by the line “a” and the line “b” in FIG.
On the other hand, when the rotation speed (output rotation speed) of the carrier 16 increases and the sun gear 13 starts to rotate forward, a current is supplied to the motor generator 6 to make it function as a motor. From the battery. This discharge region is indicated by a line “b” in FIG.
This is the area surrounded by the line.

In the torque amplification mode, the carrier 16 as an output element rotates forward, so that the one-way clutch 20 disposed between the carrier 16 and a predetermined fixed portion such as the housing 19 is released (free). Become.

Since the carrier 16 is connected to the drive pulley 22 of the continuously variable transmission 21 by connecting means such as a connecting drum, the output torque of the torque amplifying mechanism 12 is transmitted to the drive pulley 22. In this continuously variable transmission 21, if the groove width of the driving pulley 22 is increased and the groove width of the driven pulley 23 is correspondingly reduced, the winding radius of the belt 28 around the driving pulley 22 is reduced. In addition, since the winding radius of the belt 28 around the driven pulley 23 increases, the speed ratio determined by these winding radiuses increases . Conversely, if the groove width of the driving pulley 22 is reduced and the groove width of the driven pulley 23 is increased, the gear ratio is reduced.
It will be cheap . The change and setting of the gear ratio are performed by moving the movable sheaves 25 and 27 in the axial direction by hydraulic pressure.

The torque thus accelerated or decelerated is transmitted from the driven pulley 23 to the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29. FIG. 3 is an alignment chart of the planetary gear mechanism 30 constituting the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29. As described above, in this planetary gear mechanism 30, since the sun gear 31 is an input element and the carrier 33 is an output element, by fixing the ring gear 32, the carrier 33 moves in the opposite direction to the sun gear 31. Rotate. That is, the vehicle is in a reverse state. Specifically, the reverse brake 36 is engaged to fix the ring gear 32, and the forward clutch 35 is released. In this case, the number of rotations of the sun gear 31, which is an input element, and the number of carriers 33,
, The output torque is increased with respect to the input torque.

If any two rotating elements are connected to each other to rotate the whole integrally, the input torque is output from the carrier 33 as it is. That is, the vehicle is in the forward traveling state. Specifically, the forward clutch 35 is engaged to connect the sun gear 31 and the carrier 33, and the reverse brake 3
Release 6.

As described above, the torque output in the forward rotation state or the reverse rotation state by the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29 is transmitted from the output shaft 34 and the output gear 37 to the driven gear 39, the counter shaft 38, the drive gear 40, and the ring gear 42. After that, it is transmitted to the differential gear unit 41.

Next, the direct motor mode will be described. This operation mode is a mode in which the motor / generator 6 functions as a motor and travels only by the power from the motor / generator 6. This is selected, for example, when traveling at a relatively low speed in an urban area or a residential area.

Therefore, in this direct motor mode, the internal combustion engine 1 is stopped and the input clutch 17
Is released to shut off the internal combustion engine 1 and the torque amplifying mechanism 12. Further, since the torque is not synthesized in the torque amplifying mechanism 12, the direct clutch 18 is engaged and the entire planetary gear mechanism 13 is integrated. Therefore, the output torque of motor generator 6 is transmitted to drive pulley 22 of continuously variable transmission 21 as it is. Also in this case, since the carrier 16 rotates forward, the one-way clutch 20 is released.

The continuously variable transmission 21 increases or decreases the speed, and the output torque is transmitted to the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29. The operation of the continuously variable transmission 21 and the operation of the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29 are as described above.
That is, also in this direct motor mode, the gear ratio can be arbitrarily set, and forward and reverse can be arbitrarily selected.

On the other hand, the direct engine mode is an operation mode in which the vehicle runs only by the power of the internal combustion engine 1. This is selected, for example, when performing high-speed constant-speed running. Therefore, in this mode, the input clutch 17 and the direct clutch 18 are both engaged in order to directly connect the internal combustion engine 1 and the continuously variable transmission 21. Also, the one-way clutch 20 is in the released state.

Accordingly, the output torque of the internal combustion engine 1 is transmitted to the continuously variable transmission 21, where the acceleration / deceleration is performed as described above, and the output torque is transmitted to the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29.
Is transmitted to the output shaft 34 in a forward or reverse state. By integrating the entire planetary gear mechanism 13 in the torque amplifying mechanism 12, the rotor 9 of the motor generator 6 is connected to the sun gear 14.
, The motor generator 6 generates an electromotive force, and the motor generator 6 functions as a generator.

Next, the motor assist mode selected during acceleration or the like will be described. This operation mode is an operation mode for obtaining a large driving force by adding the output of the motor generator 6 to the output of the internal combustion engine 1, and driving the internal combustion engine 1 and supplying current to the motor generator 6. This functions as a motor. In order to use the outputs of the internal combustion engine 1 and the motor generator 6 as power for traveling, the clutches 17 and 18 of the torque amplifying mechanism 12 are engaged together, and the entire planetary gear mechanism 13 is integrated. . The one-way clutch 20
Is released.

Therefore, the output of the internal combustion engine 1 and the output of the motor generator 6 are transmitted to the continuously variable transmission 21 as they are. The torque input to the continuously variable transmission 21 is increased or decelerated here and transmitted to the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29, where the torque is set to the forward state or the reverse state, and the output shaft 3
4 is output. The operations of the continuously variable transmission 21 and the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29 are as described above.

Next, the regenerative braking mode will be described. This regenerative braking mode is an operation mode in which the kinetic energy of the vehicle is recovered as electric energy at the time of deceleration. Therefore, both the internal combustion engine 1 and the motor generator 6 are set to the non-drive state. Further, in order to prevent the kinetic energy of the vehicle from being consumed as frictional heat or the like, the input clutch 17 is released to disconnect the internal combustion engine 1 from the torque amplifying mechanism 12. On the other hand, the inertia energy during deceleration is reduced by the motor / generator 6.
Direct clutch 1
8 to rotate the entire planetary gear mechanism 13 integrally.

On the other hand, when the vehicle is traveling forward, the forward clutch 35 is engaged as described above,
And the reverse brake 36 is released. When the vehicle is traveling backward, the forward clutch 35 is released,
The reverse brake 36 is engaged. As a result, a so-called power-off state is established and the torque amplifying mechanism 1
When the power is input to the output shaft 34 from the output shaft 34 side, the continuously variable transmission 21 rotates in the same manner as when traveling forward, and increases or decreases the torque input from the output shaft 34 side to increase the torque. 12 to the planetary gear mechanism 13. In the planetary gear mechanism 13, since the direct clutch 18 is engaged and the whole rotates integrally, the rotor 9 rotates together with the planetary gear mechanism 13, and as a result, power is generated in the motor generator 6. The kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into electrical energy and collected, whereby the vehicle is braked. Note that, also in this case, the carrier 16 in the planetary gear mechanism 13 rotates forward, so that the one-way clutch 20 is released.

Here, the engine start mode will be described. In the above-described hybrid drive device, since the internal combustion engine 1 and the motor generator 6 are connected via the torque amplifying mechanism 12 so as to be able to transmit torque, the motor
The internal combustion engine 1 can be started by the generator 6. That is, when the vehicle is stopped, all the rotating elements such as the continuously variable transmission 21 and the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29 are stopped, so that each element of the planetary gear mechanism 13 constituting the torque amplifying mechanism 12 is stopped. Is stopped. To rotate the internal combustion engine 1 forward from this state, the motor generator 6 connected to the sun gear 14 is rotated reversely.

This will be described with reference to the alignment chart of FIG. 2. The input clutch 17 is engaged to connect the internal combustion engine 1 to the planetary gear mechanism 13, and the direct clutch 18 is released to release the planetary gear mechanism 13. Each member is made rotatable relative to each other, and in this state, a straight line connecting the sun gear 14, the carrier 16 and the ring gear 15 is rotated counterclockwise around the carrier 16. That is, when the rotation of the sun gear 14 is reduced, the rotation of the ring gear 15 is raised because the reverse rotation of the carrier 14 is prevented by the one-way clutch 20. In other words, the motor
The generator 6 is energized to function as a motor, and its rotation direction is reversed. As a result, the crankshaft 2 of the internal combustion engine 1 is rotated forward together with the ring gear 15, and the internal combustion engine 1 is started.

On the other hand, when the internal combustion engine 1 is started during traveling, the motor generator 6 is energized to function as a motor, and its rotation direction is the forward rotation direction. That is, the state in which the internal combustion engine 1 is stopped and running is a state in which the output of the motor generator 6 is used as the driving force. In this case, as described in the direct motor mode, the input clutch 17 and the direct The clutch 18 is engaged. That is, since the entire planetary gear mechanism 13 rotates integrally, the motor / generator 6 travels while forcibly rotating the internal combustion engine 1. Therefore, the internal combustion engine 1 is started by supplying fuel to the internal combustion engine 1 in this state.

As described above, in the above-described hybrid drive device according to the present invention, the torque output from the continuously variable transmission 21 is transmitted to the output shaft 34 as it is by the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29 or is reversed. Therefore, the rotation direction of the power source may be the same whether the vehicle is traveling forward or backward. Therefore, when the vehicle must run only with the internal combustion engine 1 that cannot be driven in reverse, specifically, even when the output torque of the motor generator 6 is insufficient due to the small amount of charge of the battery 10, By driving the internal combustion engine 1 to travel, it is possible to ensure a sufficient and sufficient drive torque during reverse travel.

In the above-described hybrid drive device, since the belt-type continuously variable transmission 21 is employed, in order to increase the torque to be transmitted, the diameter of each of the pulleys 22 and 23 must be increased. However, since the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29 is arranged on the same axis as the driven pulley 23, the space portion generated by providing the driven pulley 23 can be effectively used, and as a result, the entire apparatus can be made compact. be able to.

The forward clutch 35 in the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29 is essentially a clutch for integrally connecting the input member and the output member. Therefore, the forward clutch 35 may be configured to selectively connect the driven pulley 23 and the output shaft 34. Fig. 4 shows an example.
It is shown in

That is, in the example shown in FIG. 4, the length of the output shaft 34 is set so as to penetrate the driven pulley 23 along the center axis thereof.
Double pinion type planetary gear mechanism 30 and forward clutch 35
And are arranged. More specifically, the driven pulley 23
The planetary gear mechanism 30 is disposed on the left side of FIG. 4 with the intermediary of the front side, and the forward clutch 35 is disposed on the right side of FIG.

One end (the left end in FIG. 4) of the output shaft 34 is connected to the sun gear 31 of the planetary gear mechanism 30 and the reverse brake 3 is connected to the outer periphery of the ring gear 32.
6 are arranged. The driven pulley 23 and the output shaft 34
Is disposed on the same axis as the output shaft 34 and on the outer peripheral side of the torque amplifying mechanism 12. The other configuration is the same as the configuration shown in FIG. 1, and therefore, the same reference numerals as in FIG.

The continuously variable transmission 21 described above includes a drive pulley 22
And a driven pulley 23, around which a belt 28 is wound. The pulleys 22, 23 are constituted by fixed sheaves 24, 26 and movable sheaves 25, 27 in order to change the groove width. Therefore, the movable sheave 25, 27
And a space for its stroke are required.

In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the movable sheave 25 of the drive pulley 22 is connected to the shaft end of the input shaft 5 (FIG. 1).
(Right end in FIG. 4), there is a space on the outer peripheral side. In the example shown in FIG.
Although a casing (not shown) is recessed so as to make the space on the outer peripheral side of the movable sheave 25 as narrow as possible to avoid interference with the side member 46, in the example shown in FIG. The planetary gear mechanism 30 for the forward / reverse switching mechanism 29 is disposed here by effectively utilizing the space on the outer peripheral side of the sheave 25. Therefore, even in the configuration shown in FIG. 4, the device can be made compact as a whole by effectively utilizing the space.

[0058]

[0059]

[0060]

Further, the torque amplifying mechanism 1 of the present invention
2, there does not limited to those composed of a single pinion type planetary gear mechanism and the input clutch 17 and direct clutch 18 described above, those of double-pinion type can be Rukoto used as a planetary gear mechanism.

In other words, the forward / reverse switching mechanism has a configuration in which the forward state in which the directions of the input torque and the output torque are the same and the reverse state in which the directions of these torques are opposite to each other can be selectively set. Therefore, a mechanism having an idle gear and a synchronous coupling mechanism (synchronizer) may be employed as the forward / reverse switching mechanism. This forward / reverse switching mechanism needs to reverse the torque obtained by combining the output torque of the internal combustion engine and the output torque of the motor such as the motor / generator to set the reverse state, so that it is closer to the output shaft than the torque amplifying mechanism. Although it is arranged, the position may be on the input side of the continuously variable transmission in addition to the output side of the continuously variable transmission as shown in the above-described example. In short,
What is necessary is just to be between the torque amplification mechanism and the output shaft. Note that the output shaft in the present invention is not limited to the shaft on which the output gear is mounted, but may be any shaft that performs substantial output of the entire apparatus.

[0063]

As described above, claim 1 or claim 2
According to the invention described in claim 2, a forward / reverse switching mechanism that can select between a forward state in which the input torque is output without reversing and a reverse state in which the input torque is reversed and output, Since it is arranged between the torque amplifying mechanism that combines the output of the internal combustion engine and the output of the electric motor and the output shaft, the output of the internal combustion engine that rotates only in one direction can be inverted and transmitted to the output shaft. Reverse running becomes possible. Therefore, according to the present invention, even if the charge amount of the battery connected to the electric motor is low, Ru can be reverse travel at a necessary and sufficient driving force. Also, continuously variable speed
With the drive side member and the driven side member
The same axis as the driven side member.
The forward / backward switching mechanism is located on the top, reducing the overall length.
And the continuously variable transmission has such a configuration.
For effective use of space generated by
Can be made compact as a whole.

[0064]

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the two engagement devices for changing the operation state of the gear mechanism constituting the forward / reverse switching mechanism are arranged on both sides of the driven side member. By effectively utilizing the space on the outer peripheral side of the drive side member in the step transmission, the device can be made compact as a whole.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a skeleton diagram for explaining an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an alignment chart of a planetary gear mechanism of the torque amplifying mechanism shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an alignment chart of a planetary gear mechanism of the forward / reverse switching mechanism shown in FIG.

[4] Ru skeleton diagram der for explaining another example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 internal combustion engine 2 crankshaft 6 motor generator 9 rotor 12 torque amplifying mechanism 13, 30 planetary gear mechanism 17 input clutch 18 direct clutch 21 continuously variable transmission 22 drive pulley 23 driven pulley 29 forward / reverse switching mechanism 34 output shaft

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Mitsuhiro Umeyama 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Motor Corporation (72) Inventor Hiroshi Ito 1 Toyota Town Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Motor Corporation (56) Reference Document JP-A-9-71138 (JP, A) JP-A-9-109705 (JP, A) JP-A-9-308011 (JP, A) JP-A-6-213316 (JP, A) JP-A-6-213316 185605 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60K 6/02 B60L 11/14 B60K 41/04 B60L 15/20 F02D 29/02

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A torque which is connected to an output member of an internal combustion engine and an output member of an electric motor which operates by electric power and outputs torque, and which controls the torque by the electric motor to amplify and output the torque output from the internal combustion engine. An amplification mechanism,
A continuously variable transmission that is disposed between the torque amplifying mechanism and the output shaft and that increases and decreases the torque input from the torque amplifying mechanism and outputs the torque, and is provided between the torque amplifying mechanism and the output shaft, A hybrid drive device comprising: a forward / reverse switching mechanism that can be set to a forward state in which the input torque is output without reversing and a reverse state in which the input torque is reversed and output, wherein the continuously variable transmission includes: A driving-side member and a driven-side member arranged such that the rotation center axes are parallel to each other, and the electric motor, the internal combustion engine, and the torque amplification mechanism are disposed on the same axis as the driving-side member , And the forward / reverse switching mechanism is forward.
The torque amplification is arranged on the same axis as the driven side member.
The mechanism and the forward / reverse switching mechanism are each
And the outer peripheral side of the torque amplifying mechanism.
Wherein the forward / reverse switching mechanism is disposed . 2. Operated by an output member of an internal combustion engine and electric power.
Is connected to the output member of the motor that outputs torque
The internal combustion engine is controlled by controlling the torque
A torque amplification mechanism that amplifies and outputs the output torque,
It is arranged between the torque amplifying mechanism and the output shaft,
Increases / decreases the torque input from the amplification mechanism and outputs it
A continuously variable transmission, and a torque amplifying mechanism and an output shaft
Forward and outputs the input torque without reversing it.
State and reverse state where the input torque is reversed and output.
Hybrid drive with settable forward / reverse switching mechanism
In the apparatus, the continuously variable transmission may be configured such that rotation center axes are parallel to each other.
A driving-side member and a driven-side member arranged so that
An electric motor, an internal combustion engine, and a torque amplifying mechanism;
And the forward / reverse switching mechanism is arranged on the same axis as
The forward state and the input torque where the directions of the torque and the output torque are the same.
Reverse direction with opposite direction of torque and output torque can be set
Gear which is arranged on the same axis as the driven side member
Mechanism and first engagement for setting the gear mechanism to a forward state
Device and a second engagement for setting the gear mechanism to a reverse state
Devices, and these engaging devices are the same as the driven side members.
Are arranged on one axis and on both sides of the driven side member.
Hybrid driving apparatus according to claim Rukoto.