JP3214259B2 - How to treat shredder dust - Google Patents
How to treat shredder dustInfo
- Publication number
- JP3214259B2 JP3214259B2 JP26257694A JP26257694A JP3214259B2 JP 3214259 B2 JP3214259 B2 JP 3214259B2 JP 26257694 A JP26257694 A JP 26257694A JP 26257694 A JP26257694 A JP 26257694A JP 3214259 B2 JP3214259 B2 JP 3214259B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- shredder dust
- thermoplastic resin
- dust
- less
- lead
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims description 56
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010011906 Death Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010814 metallic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、廃車からのシュレッダ
ーダストを処理する方法に関する。The present invention relates to a method for treating shredder dust from end-of-life vehicles.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、廃車は、タイヤ、エンジン、ミッ
ション等を取り外した後、シュレッダーマシンにより小
片にされる。この小片は磁力・振動ふるい等によって鉄
屑と非鉄金属屑に選別回収され、最後にはシュレッダー
ダストとよばれる混合塵が残り、そのすべてが埋め立て
処理されている。このシュレッダーダストは主にシート
もしくはインパネからの樹脂、繊維、もしくは発泡ウレ
タン、及びガラスからなるが、鉛、カドミウム、水銀等
の有害な重金属も含んでいる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a scrapped vehicle is made into small pieces by a shredder machine after removing a tire, an engine, a transmission and the like. These small pieces are separated and collected into iron waste and non-ferrous metal waste by a magnetic force / vibration sieve or the like. Finally, mixed dust called shredder dust remains, and all of them are landfilled. This shredder dust mainly consists of resin, fiber or urethane foam from sheet or instrument panel, and glass, but also contains harmful heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and mercury.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】このように、シュレッ
ダーダストは鉛等の重金属を微量ながら含んでいるた
め、このダストの埋め立てには鉛等の流出溶出の問題が
ある。また、このシュレッダーダストの嵩密度は0.1 〜
0.3 トン／m3程度と低く、その輸送・埋め立て時におけ
る効率が悪かった。As described above, since the shredder dust contains heavy metals such as lead in a small amount, landfilling of this dust has a problem of leaching and elution of lead and the like. The shredder dust has a bulk density of 0.1 to
It was as low as 0.3 ton / m 3 , and its efficiency during transportation and landfill was poor.
【０００４】本発明は、上記のような鉛等の重金属の流
出溶出を抑制し、かつシュレッダーダストの減容化を可
能とする、シュレッダーダストの処理方法を提供するこ
とを目的とする。[0004] It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for treating shredder dust, which suppresses the outflow and elution of heavy metals such as lead and reduces the volume of shredder dust.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記問題を解決するため
に本発明によれば、(1)シュレッダーダストを50mm以下
の大きさにする工程、(2)この50mm以下のシュレッダー
ダストを分別する工程、(3)分別して得たウレタン、繊
維、プラスチックを含む低比重材を水洗して重金属を除
去する工程、及び(4)水洗後に加熱して、この低比重材
が含む熱可塑性樹脂を溶融固化させ、残留している重金
属を封入する工程、を含むシュレッダーダストの処理方
法が提供される。According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, (1) a step of reducing shredder dust to a size of 50 mm or less, and (2) a step of separating shredder dust of 50 mm or less. (3) urethane and fiber obtained by separation
Wash low-density materials including fibers and plastics to remove heavy metals.
(4) heating after washing with water,
Melts and solidifies the thermoplastic resin contained in
A method for treating shredder dust, comprising the step of encapsulating a genus .
【０００６】また、本発明によれば、前記工程(3)の水
洗後に熱可塑性樹脂を添加し、次いで工程(4)の熱可塑
性樹脂の溶融固化を行う、シュレッダーダストの処理方
法が提供される。Further, according to the present invention, the water in the step (3)
After washing, a thermoplastic resin is added, and then the thermoplastic resin of step (4) is added.
A method for treating shredder dust, which melts and solidifies a conductive resin .
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】請求項１記載の発明では、シュレッダーダスト
を分別する工程の前に、このシュレッダーダストを50mm
以下の大きさにすることによって、その後の分別工程を
乾式で行うことができ、分別工程の効率を高めることが
できる。さらに、ダストの大きさを小さくすることによ
ってダストの嵩密度を高めることができ、輸送、埋め立
ての効率を高めることができる。さらに乾式で分別工程
を行うことができるため、分別工程によって得られた材
料をそのままリサイクルすることができ、さらに、湿式
工程に伴う重金属の流出溶出を防ぐこともできる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, before the step of separating the shredder dust, the shredder dust is reduced by 50 mm.
With the following size, the subsequent separation step can be performed in a dry manner, and the efficiency of the separation step can be increased. Furthermore, by reducing the size of the dust, the bulk density of the dust can be increased, and the efficiency of transportation and landfill can be increased. Further, since the separation step can be performed in a dry manner, the material obtained in the separation step can be recycled as it is, and further, the outflow and elution of heavy metals due to the wet step can be prevented.
【０００８】重金属、例えば鉛は、ダストを分別後、熱
可塑性樹脂や発泡ウレタン上に微粒子状で存在してい
る。そこで請求項１記載の発明では、シュレッダーダス
トを50mm以下の大きさの小片にすることにより、ワイヤ
ーハーネス等のからみつきがなくなり、この小片を水洗
することにより鉛粒子を除去することができる。またこ
の水洗後にシュレッダーダストを加熱して、このシュレ
ッダーダストが含有する熱可塑性樹脂を溶融させ、鉛を
熱可塑性樹脂で覆い、次いで冷却してこの熱可塑性樹脂
を固化させることによって鉛を封入する。この結果、シ
ュレッダーダストを埋め立てても鉛が流出溶出すること
がなく、環境に悪影響を与えない。さらに、50mm以下の
小さなシュレッダーダストの小片を溶融固化することに
より、その嵩密度がさらに高くなり、シュレッダーダス
ト処理の効率が向上する。[0008] Heavy metals such as lead are present in fine particles on a thermoplastic resin or urethane foam after dust is separated. Therefore, according to the first aspect of the invention, the shredders
The wire into small pieces of 50 mm or less.
-Less tangling of the harness, etc.
By doing so, lead particles can be removed. Again
After washing with water, the shredder dust is heated to melt the thermoplastic resin contained in the shredder dust, the lead is covered with the thermoplastic resin, and then cooled to solidify the thermoplastic resin, thereby enclosing the lead. As a result, even if the shredder dust is buried, lead does not flow out and elute, and does not adversely affect the environment. Furthermore, by melting and solidifying small pieces of shredder dust of 50 mm or less, the bulk density is further increased, and the efficiency of shredder dust treatment is improved.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段の補足説明】従来のシュレ
ッダーダストは様々な大きさのものを含んでおり、その
後の分別工程において、例えば装置の閉塞等を起こし、
効率が悪く、また嵩密度も低いため、輸送等の効率が悪
かった。本発明の方法では、シュレッダーダストの大き
さを50mm以下とすることにより、上記の閉塞等の問題を
起こすことなく効率よくその後の分別工程を行うことが
できる。また、50mm以上のゴム、繊維、ウレタン等が混
入していると、上記の溶融固化工程を行う場合、固化物
に割れが発生したり、また固化が十分にできないことが
ある。さらに、50mm以下の大きさにしないと、洗浄工程
を用いる場合にその効率が低くなる。Supplementary explanation of means for solving the problem Conventional shredder dusts include various sizes, and in the subsequent separation process, for example, the device may be clogged,
The efficiency and the bulk density were low, and the efficiency of transportation and the like was low. In the method of the present invention, by setting the size of the shredder dust to 50 mm or less, the subsequent separation step can be performed efficiently without causing the above-mentioned problems such as blockage. Further, when rubber, fiber, urethane, or the like having a thickness of 50 mm or more is mixed, in the case of performing the above-mentioned melt-solidification step, cracks may be generated in the solidified product, or solidification may not be sufficiently performed. Furthermore, if the size is not set to 50 mm or less, the efficiency is reduced when a cleaning process is used.
【００１０】シュレッダーダストを50mm以下の大きさに
する方法には特に制限はなく、通常の粉砕方法もしくは
篩分け、又はこれらの組合せによって行ってよい。この
シュレッダーダストの材料構成を図１に示す。非鉄金属
中には、銅、アルミニウム等の有価価値の高い金属が存
在しているため、これら及び鉄を分別回収する。The method for reducing the size of the shredder dust to 50 mm or less is not particularly limited, and may be performed by a usual pulverizing method, sieving, or a combination thereof. FIG. 1 shows the material configuration of the shredder dust. Since high-value metals such as copper and aluminum are present in non-ferrous metals, these and iron are separated and collected.
【００１１】この分別工程についても特に制限はなく、
従来の方法を用いてよい。例えば、まず上記の50mm以下
の大きさのシュレッダーダストについて磁気分別を施
し、強磁性材（鉄）と非強磁性材とに分別する。次いで
この非強磁性材について渦電流分別を施し、主にアルミ
ニウム材と非磁性材に分別する。さらに、この非磁性材
について風力分別を施し、高比重材（銅、ワイヤーハー
ネス、ガラス）と低比重材（ウレタン、繊維、プラスチ
ック）に分別する。従来、この高比重材と低比重材の分
別は比重液を用いて湿式で行っていたが、本発明では、
シュレッダーダストの大きさが50mm以下と小さいため風
力によるような乾式で行うことができる。湿式で行う場
合、比重液に重金属が流出溶出する問題があり、本発明
の方法ではこのような問題を避けることができる。There is no particular limitation on the separation step,
Conventional methods may be used. For example, first, the above-mentioned shredder dust having a size of 50 mm or less is subjected to magnetic separation to separate it into a ferromagnetic material (iron) and a non-ferromagnetic material. Next, the non-ferromagnetic material is subjected to eddy current classification to separate mainly into an aluminum material and a non-magnetic material. Further, the non-magnetic material is subjected to wind separation to separate into a high specific gravity material (copper, wire harness, glass) and a low specific gravity material (urethane, fiber, plastic). Conventionally, the separation of the high specific gravity material and the low specific gravity material was performed in a wet manner using a specific gravity liquid, but in the present invention,
Since the size of the shredder dust is as small as 50 mm or less, it can be performed in a dry manner such as by wind power. When the wet method is used, there is a problem that heavy metals flow out and elute into the specific gravity liquid, and the method of the present invention can avoid such a problem.
【００１２】前記のように、鉛に代表される重金属は、
レッダーダスト内において熱可塑性樹脂等の表面上に存
在している。従って、このシュレッダーダストを埋め立
て処理する前に水洗することによりかなりの重金属を除
去することができる。この水洗はシュレッダーダストを
50mm以下の大きさにした後、ただちに行ってもよいが、
シュレッダーダスト内にワイヤーハーネス等が混在して
いると、これが熱可塑性樹脂等に絡まり、洗浄しにくく
なるため、上記のように分別工程を施した後に水洗する
ことが好ましい。 As described above, heavy metals represented by lead are:
Exists on the surface of thermoplastic resin etc. in redder dust.
Are there. Therefore, landfill this shredder dust
Rinsing prior to treatment removes significant heavy metals.
You can leave. This washing removes shredder dust
After making the size of 50 mm or less, you may go immediately,
Wire harness etc. mixed in shredder dust
Is entangled with the thermoplastic resin, etc., making it difficult to clean
Therefore, after performing the separation process as described above, wash with water
Is preferred.
【００１３】[0013]
上記の水洗によってかなりの重金属が除去The above washing removes a lot of heavy metals
されるが、この水洗工程に加えて、加熱によって熱可塑However, in addition to this washing process,
性樹脂を溶融固化させ、重金属を封入することにより、By melting and solidifying the conductive resin and encapsulating heavy metals,
重金属の流出溶出を確実に抑制することができる。Outflow and elution of heavy metals can be reliably suppressed.
【００１４】図１に示すシュレッダーダスト内に含まれ
る代表的熱可塑性樹脂、その熱可塑化温度、及びその熱
分解開始温度を以下に示す。A typical thermoplastic resin contained in the shredder dust shown in FIG. 1, its thermoplasticizing temperature, and its thermal decomposition starting temperature are shown below.
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１５】本発明において、上記の50mm以下の大きさ
にしたシュレッダーダストを加熱し、分別し、水洗後
に、上記の熱可塑性樹脂を溶融固化させ、熱可塑性樹脂
等の上に存在する重金属をこの熱可塑性樹脂で封入す
る。この加熱温度は、上記熱可塑性樹脂が溶融する温度
以上、熱分解する温度以下であればよく、好ましくは14
0〜300 ℃である。この温度より低いと熱可塑性樹脂が
十分に溶融せず、その溶融固化による重金属の封入が不
十分になることがある。一方、300 ℃以上では樹脂の一
部が分解し、塩素等のガスが発生することがあり、その
結果作業環境が悪化してしまう。また、極端な場合には
引火、発火が発生し、危険であり、当然のことながら重
金属を封入することができない。In the present invention, the above shredder dust having a size of 50 mm or less is heated, separated, and washed with water.
Then, the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin is melted and solidified, and heavy metals existing on the thermoplastic resin and the like are sealed with the thermoplastic resin. The heating temperature is not less than a temperature at which the thermoplastic resin is melted and is not more than a temperature at which the thermoplastic resin is thermally decomposed.
0-300 ° C. If the temperature is lower than this, the thermoplastic resin may not be sufficiently melted, and the encapsulation of heavy metals by melting and solidification may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the temperature is higher than 300 ° C., a part of the resin is decomposed, and a gas such as chlorine may be generated. As a result, the working environment is deteriorated. In an extreme case, ignition or ignition occurs, which is dangerous, and of course, heavy metals cannot be sealed.
【００１６】この熱可塑性樹脂の溶融固化による重金属
の封入は、シュレッダーダストを50mm以下の大きさにし
た後、ただちに行ってもよいが、上記のように分別工程
を行った後に行うことが好ましい。それは、熱可塑性樹
脂の溶融固化時に鉄、アルミニウム、銅、ガラス、ワイ
ヤーハーネス等が存在すると、固化物に割れが発生した
り、あるいは固化が十分でないことがあるためである。The encapsulation of a heavy metal by melting and solidifying the thermoplastic resin may be performed immediately after the shredder dust is reduced to a size of 50 mm or less, but is preferably performed after the separation step as described above. This is because if iron, aluminum, copper, glass, a wire harness, or the like is present at the time of melting and solidifying the thermoplastic resin, cracks may occur in the solidified material, or solidification may not be sufficient.
【００１７】熱可塑性樹脂に封入される重金属として
は、鉛、カドミウム、水銀等が例示されるが、特に鉛の
封入が顕著にみられる。また、通常、この溶融固化には
シュレッダーダスト内に含まれる熱可塑性樹脂のみで十
分であるが、分別工程を行った後においてもシュレッダ
ーダストは若干の金属、ワイヤーハーネス等を含んでお
り、固化物に割れが発生したり、固化が十分でない場合
がある。従って、シュレッダーダストを50mm以下の大き
さにし、分別、水洗した後、上記に示したような熱可塑
性樹脂を添加し、溶融固化を行ってもよい。Examples of the heavy metal sealed in the thermoplastic resin include lead, cadmium, mercury and the like, and lead is particularly conspicuous. Usually, only the thermoplastic resin contained in the shredder dust is sufficient for this melting and solidification, but even after the separation step, the shredder dust contains some metal, wire harness, etc. Cracks may occur or solidification may not be sufficient. Therefore, the shredder dust may be reduced to a size of 50 mm or less , separated and washed with water, and then the above-described thermoplastic resin may be added to perform solidification.
【００１８】[0018]
【実施例】実施例１ 100kg のシュレッダーダストを、まず磁力分別によって
強磁性材と非強磁性材とに選別し、次いで前記非強磁性
材を回転ふるいによって50mm以下の大きさのダストを選
別した。50mm以上の大きさのダストは粗破砕機によって
粉砕した後、磁力分別、次いで渦電流分別を行い、強磁
性材、アルミニウム材、及び銅材を含む非磁性材に選別
し、前記非磁性材を粉砕し、50mm以下の大きさとした。
これらの50mm以下の大きさのダストを合わせ、磁力分
別、渦電流分別を行い、強磁性材、アルミニウム材、及
び銅材を含む非磁性材に選別した。この非磁性材を風力
分別及び比重分別によって低比重材（プラスチック、繊
維、ウレタン、ゴム）と高比重材（ガラス、ワイヤーハ
ーネス、銅）に選別した。得られた低比重材を最初のシ
ュレッダーダストと比較すると、金属70％、ガラス70
％、そしてワイヤーハーネス50％が除去されていた。ま
たこの低比重材を電子顕微鏡によって観察した結果、ダ
スト表面に鉛粒子が付着していることが認められた。 EXAMPLE 1 100 kg of shredder dust was first sorted into a ferromagnetic material and a non-ferromagnetic material by magnetic separation, and then the non-ferromagnetic material was sorted by a rotary sieve into dust having a size of 50 mm or less. . Dust having a size of 50 mm or more is pulverized by a coarse crusher, and then subjected to magnetic force separation, and then eddy current separation, and is separated into a ferromagnetic material, an aluminum material, and a non-magnetic material including a copper material, and It was crushed to a size of 50 mm or less.
These dusts having a size of 50 mm or less were combined, subjected to magnetic force classification and eddy current classification, and sorted into non-magnetic materials including ferromagnetic materials, aluminum materials, and copper materials. This non-magnetic material was separated into a low specific gravity material (plastic, fiber, urethane, rubber) and a high specific gravity material (glass, wire harness, copper) by wind separation and specific gravity separation. When comparing the obtained low specific gravity material with the first shredder dust, 70% metal, 70% glass
%, And 50% of the wire harness had been removed. Further, as a result of observing the low specific gravity material with an electron microscope, it was confirmed that lead particles were attached to the dust surface.
【００１９】こうして得られた低比重材を水で30分間洗
浄し、乾燥後、２軸押出機を用いて180 ℃に加熱して溶
融し直径10mmの棒状の押出材を得、これを切断し、長さ
10mmのペレットを形成した。この押出時の押出圧は４〜
６MPa 、押出速度は18m/分、スクリュー回転数は250RPM
であった。このペレットについてＳＥＭにより観察した
結果、鉛粒子は溶融した薄い樹脂層（数ミクロン）に包
み込まれており、固化物中で強固に結合していた。この
鉛粒子について元素分析を行った結果、Ｓｉ、Ｃｌ、及
びＯも検出され、従ってＰｂ単体のみならずＰｂＯ2、
ＰｂＯ及びＰｂＳｉＯ3等の化合物も生成していると考
えられる。このペレットについて、環境庁告示13号の方
法によって鉛溶出量を測定した。すなわち、サンプル60
g と水600ml を混合し、６時間振盪した後、１μm のフ
ィルターを通して濾過し、得られた濾液について原子吸
光分析を行い、鉛の溶出量を求めた。比較として、廃車
から発生したシュレッダーダスト（比較例１）、及びこ
のシュレッダーダストを溶融固化したもの（比較例２）
について同様にして鉛溶出量を測定した。さらに、これ
らのサンプルについてその容積を測定した。これらの結
果を表２に示す。The low specific gravity material thus obtained is washed with water for 30 minutes.
After being cleaned and dried, the extruded material is heated to 180 ° C. using a twin-screw extruder and melted to obtain a rod-shaped extruded material having a diameter of 10 mm.
10 mm pellets were formed. The extrusion pressure during this extrusion is 4 to
6MPa, extrusion speed 18m / min, screw rotation speed 250RPM
Met. As a result of observing the pellets by SEM, it was found that the lead particles were wrapped in a molten thin resin layer (several microns) and were strongly bonded in the solidified material. As a result of elemental analysis of the lead particles, Si, Cl, and O were also detected. Therefore, not only Pb alone but also PbO 2 ,
It is considered that compounds such as PbO and PbSiO 3 were also formed. The lead elution amount of this pellet was measured by the method of Notification No. 13 of the Environment Agency. That is, sample 60
g and 600 ml of water were mixed, shaken for 6 hours, filtered through a 1 μm filter, and the resulting filtrate was subjected to atomic absorption analysis to determine the amount of lead eluted. As a comparison, shredder dust generated from a scrapped vehicle (Comparative Example 1) and the one obtained by melting and solidifying the shredder dust (Comparative Example 2)
And the amount of lead eluted was measured in the same manner. In addition, the volumes of these samples were measured. Table 2 shows the results.
【００２０】実施例２ 実施例１において、低比重材を洗浄乾燥後、ポリプロピ
レンを10体積％添加し、次いで溶融させペレットを得
た。このペレットについて実施例１と同様にしてその鉛
溶出量及び容積を測定した。この結果を表２に示す。 Example 2 In Example 1, after washing and drying the low specific gravity material, 10% by volume of polypropylene was added and then melted to obtain pellets. The amount of lead eluted and the volume of this pellet were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 . Table 2 shows the results.
【００２１】[0021]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２２】上記表２において、鉛溶出量及び容積はい
ずれも比較例１を100 として示した。上記表より明らか
なように、本発明の方法によってシュレッダーダストか
らの鉛流出溶出量が著しく抑制され、またその容積も減
容化された。In Table 2 above, the amount of lead eluted and the volume of Comparative Example 1 are both set to 100. As is clear from the above table, the method of the present invention significantly reduced the amount of lead leached and eluted from the shredder dust, and also reduced the volume.
【００２３】上記の実施例では、シュレッダーダスト中
の熱可塑性樹脂を利用してＰｂ粒子等を封じ込めたが、
さらにダスト以外の熱可塑性樹脂を添加すれば、Ｐｂ流
出溶出に対してより効果があることは自明である。In the above embodiment, the Pb particles and the like are sealed using the thermoplastic resin in the shredder dust.
It is obvious that the addition of a thermoplastic resin other than dust is more effective in leaching and eluting Pb.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】本発明の方法によれば、シュレッダーダ
ストを50mm以下の大きさにすることにより鉄、アルミニ
ウム、銅等の有価価値の高い金属を効果的に選別するこ
とができ、さらに、シュレッダーダストを水洗し、熱可
塑性樹脂によって封入することにより重金属、特に鉛の
流出溶出を確実に抑制でき、またシュレッダーダストの
低容化によって輸送、運搬等の効率を高めることができ
る。According to the method of the present invention, high-value metals such as iron, aluminum and copper can be effectively sorted by reducing the size of shredder dust to 50 mm or less. By washing the dust with water and encapsulating it with a thermoplastic resin, the outflow and elution of heavy metals, particularly lead, can be reliably suppressed, and the efficiency of transportation and transportation can be increased by reducing the volume of shredder dust.
【図１】シュレッダーダストの材料構成を示すグラフで
ある。FIG. 1 is a graph showing a material configuration of shredder dust.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 彦坂 吉尚 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自 動車株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−12390（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−237410（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−147036（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平８−19771（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平８−1138（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平８−10743（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−275733（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特公 昭58−6537（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B09B 3/00 301 B09B 5/00 B29B 17/00 - 17/02 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshihisa Hikosaka 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Corporation (56) References JP-A-63-12390 (JP, A) JP-A-5-205 237410 (JP, A) JP-A-5-147036 (JP, A) JP-A-8-19771 (JP, A) JP-A-8-1138 (JP, A) JP-A-8-10743 (JP, A) JP-A-7-275733 (JP, A) JP-B-58-6537 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B09B 3/00 301 B09B 5/00 B29B 17 / 00-17/02
Claims (2)
きさにする工程、(2)この50mm以下のシュレッダーダス
トを分別する工程、(3)分別して得たウレタン、繊維、
プラスチックを含む低比重材を水洗して重金属を除去す
る工程、及び(4)水洗後に加熱して、この低比重材が含
む熱可塑性樹脂を溶融固化させ、残留している重金属を
封入する工程、を含むシュレッダーダストの処理方法。 (1) a step of reducing shredder dust to a size of 50 mm or less; (2) a step of separating the shredder dust of 50 mm or less; (3) urethane, fibers obtained by the separation,
Rinsing low specific gravity materials including plastic to remove heavy metals
And (4) heating after washing with water to contain the low specific gravity material.
Melts and solidifies the thermoplastic resin
A method for treating shredder dust, including a step of enclosing .
添加し、次いで工程(4)の熱可塑性樹脂の溶融固化を行
う、請求項１記載の方法。 2. A thermoplastic resin after the water washing in the step (3).
And then melt-solidify the thermoplastic resin in step (4).
The method of claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26257694A JP3214259B2 (en) | 1994-10-26 | 1994-10-26 | How to treat shredder dust |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26257694A JP3214259B2 (en) | 1994-10-26 | 1994-10-26 | How to treat shredder dust |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08117730A JPH08117730A (en) | 1996-05-14 |
| JP3214259B2 true JP3214259B2 (en) | 2001-10-02 |
Family
ID=17377734
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26257694A Expired - Fee Related JP3214259B2 (en) | 1994-10-26 | 1994-10-26 | How to treat shredder dust |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3214259B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007254589A (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-10-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Polyurethane composition, method for recycling polyurethane and recycled product |
-
1994
- 1994-10-26 JP JP26257694A patent/JP3214259B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08117730A (en) | 1996-05-14 |
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