JP3212483B2 - Pneumatic radial tire for small passenger cars - Google Patents
Pneumatic radial tire for small passenger carsInfo
- Publication number
- JP3212483B2 JP3212483B2 JP12303595A JP12303595A JP3212483B2 JP 3212483 B2 JP3212483 B2 JP 3212483B2 JP 12303595 A JP12303595 A JP 12303595A JP 12303595 A JP12303595 A JP 12303595A JP 3212483 B2 JP3212483 B2 JP 3212483B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wire
- bead core
- cross
- tire
- winding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
- D07B1/062—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、タイヤのビード部に起
因するタイヤの破壊強力の低下を招くことなく、操縦安
定性の改善された小型乗用車用空気入りラジアルタイヤ
およびビードコアに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pneumatic radial tire for a small passenger car having improved steering stability without causing a decrease in the breaking strength of the tire caused by a bead portion of the tire.
And bead cores .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】空気入りタイヤのビード部におけるビー
ドコアは、カーカスプライを形成する繊維や鋼線のコー
ド端部を巻付け固定するとともに、タイヤ本体の内周の
寸法を規定し、ホイールリムとの嵌め合いを確保してい
る。2. Description of the Related Art A bead core in a bead portion of a pneumatic tire winds and fixes a cord end portion of a fiber or a steel wire forming a carcass ply, defines an inner peripheral dimension of a tire body, and establishes a connection with a wheel rim. Ensuring the fit.
【０００３】このように、ビードコアは空気入りタイヤ
において極めて重要な構成要素であり、従来より、種々
のビード部の構造が提案されている。例えば、ワイヤ直
径１．０ｍｍ以下のワイヤを数本横一列にゴムに埋設
し、得られた帯状のゴム−ワイヤ複合体を所定の型に巻
付けて束ねることによりビードコアを得る手法（実開平
６１−１１０４０６号公報）や、同一円形断面を有する
ワイヤの周囲に生ゴムを一定の厚さで付着してビードワ
イヤとし、これを所定の型に巻つけてモノストランドビ
ードコアを得る手法（特開平２−２８６４０７号公報）
等が知られている。[0003] As described above, the bead core is a very important component in a pneumatic tire, and various structures of bead portions have been proposed. For example, a method of obtaining a bead core by embedding several wires having a wire diameter of 1.0 mm or less in rubber in a horizontal line, winding the obtained band-shaped rubber-wire composite around a predetermined mold, and bundling it (actual flat 61). Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 2-286407), a method of obtaining a monostrand bead core by winding raw rubber around a wire having the same circular cross section with a certain thickness to form a bead wire and winding the same around a predetermined mold. No.)
Etc. are known.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、従来の空気入
りラジアルタイヤにおいては、ビードコアのワイヤの巻
始端と巻終端との段差による応力集中が増大し、破壊強
力の低下を招いていた。また、成型、加硫といったタイ
ヤの製造工程におけるコア形状の崩れから、タイヤのユ
ニフォミティーが悪化して操縦安定性が低下したり、や
はり破壊強力の低下を招くことがあった。However, in a conventional pneumatic radial tire, stress concentration due to a step between a winding start end and a winding end of a wire of a bead core increases, resulting in a decrease in breaking strength. In addition, the collapse of the core shape in the tire manufacturing process such as molding and vulcanization may deteriorate the uniformity of the tire and reduce steering stability, and may also lead to a decrease in breaking strength.
【０００５】そこで本発明の目的は、かかる従来のビー
ドコアによる問題点を解決し、タイヤの破壊強力の低下
を招くことなく、操縦安定性の改善された小型乗用車用
空気入りラジアルタイヤおよびビードコアを提供するこ
とにある。It is an object of the present invention to provide a pneumatic radial tire for a small passenger car and a bead core which solves the above-mentioned problems caused by the conventional bead core and has improved steering stability without causing a decrease in tire breaking strength. Is to do.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に本発明の小型乗用車用空気入りラジアルタイヤは、ト
レッド部の両側で連なる一対のサイドウォール部の内周
に夫々形成された一対のビード部を備えた小型乗用車用
空気入りラジアルタイヤにおいて、上記小型乗用車用空
気入りラジアルタイヤのサイズが１３インチ以下であ
り、上記ビード部のビードコアが、ゴムで被覆された円
形断面ワイヤを螺旋状に旋回し束ねることによって形成
されるモノストランドよりなるビードコアであって、該
ワイヤの巻始端と巻終端との重なり長さＬ（ｍｍ）が次
式、 Ｌ≧４．０×１０×πｒ2 （ｆ／Ａ） （式中、ｒはワイヤ断面の半径、ｆはワイヤの抗張力
（ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2 ）およびＡは被覆ゴムからのワイヤ
の引き抜き力（ｋｇｆ）を示す）で表される関係を満足
し、上記ビードコアの断面形状が、全周の８０％以上に
亘り７本のワイヤよりなる最密構造の正六角形を形成
し、上記ワイヤの直径（Ｄ）が１．２５〜１．５５ｍｍ
であることを特徴とするものである。また、本発明のビ
ードコアは、ゴムで被覆された円形断面ワイヤを螺旋状
に旋回し束ねることによって形成されるモノストランド
よりなるビードコアであって、該ワイヤの巻始端と巻終
端との重なり長さＬ（ｍｍ）が次式、 Ｌ≧４．０×１０×πｒ 2 （ｆ／Ａ） （式中、ｒはワイヤ断面の半径、ｆはワイヤの抗張力
（ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ 2 ）およびＡは被覆ゴムからのワイヤ
の引き抜き力（ｋｇｆ）を示す）で表される関係を満足
し、断面形状が、全周の８０％以上に亘り７本のワイヤ
よりなる最密構造の正六角形を形成し、上記ワイヤの直
径（Ｄ）が１．２５〜１．５５ｍｍであることを特徴と
するものである。 In order to achieve the above object, a pneumatic radial tire for a small passenger car according to the present invention comprises a pair of beads formed respectively on the inner periphery of a pair of sidewall portions connected on both sides of a tread portion. In the pneumatic radial tire for a small passenger car having a portion, the size of the pneumatic radial tire for a small passenger car is 13 inches or less, and the bead core of the bead portion spirally turns a rubber-coated circular cross-section wire. A bead core made of a monostrand formed by bundling, wherein an overlap length L (mm) between a winding start end and a winding end of the wire is represented by the following formula: L ≧ 4.0 × 10 × πr 2 (f / Table with a) (wherein, r is the wire cross-section radius, f is the tensile strength (kgf / mm 2 wires) and a is a pulling force of the wire from the coating rubber (kgf)) And the cross-sectional shape of the bead core forms a close-packed regular hexagon composed of seven wires over 80% or more of the entire circumference, and the diameter (D) of the wire is 1.25 to 1 .55mm
It is characterized by being. Also, according to the present invention,
The core is a spiral wound wire with a circular cross section covered with rubber.
Monostrand formed by swirling and bundling
A bead core comprising a winding start end and a winding end of the wire.
The overlap length L (mm) with the end is represented by the following formula: L ≧ 4.0 × 10 × πr 2 (f / A) (where r is the radius of the wire cross section, and f is the tensile strength of the wire.
(Kgf / mm 2 ) and A are wires from coated rubber
Satisfies the relationship expressed by
And the cross-sectional shape is 7 wires over 80% or more of the whole circumference
A regular hexagon with a close-packed structure consisting of
Characterized in that the diameter (D) is from 1.25 to 1.55 mm
Is what you do.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】本発明の小型乗用車用空気入りラジアルタイヤ
のサイズが１３インチを超えると、本発明に係るビード
コアの構造では強度が不足し、好ましくない。When the size of the pneumatic radial tire for a small passenger car of the present invention exceeds 13 inches, the structure of the bead core according to the present invention is insufficient in strength, which is not preferable.
【０００８】また、本発明においてはビードコアをモノ
ストランドにより構成したことにより、タイヤアンバラ
ンスレベルが向上し、ユニフォミティーの向上、強力利
用率の上昇がもたらされる。Further, in the present invention, since the bead core is constituted by the monostrand, the tire imbalance level is improved, the uniformity is improved, and the power utilization rate is increased.
【０００９】本発明において、モノストランドビードコ
アの巻始端と巻終端の重なり長さ（Ｌ）とは、図１に示
す長さのことであり、この長さＬ（ｍｍ）が上記式、よ
り好ましくは次式、 １．０×１０2 ×πｒ2 （ｆ／Ａ）≧Ｌ≧５．０×１０
×πｒ2 （ｆ／Ａ） で表される関係を満足することを要する。ここで、被覆
ゴムからのワイヤの引き抜き力（ｋｇｆ）を示すＡは、
具体的にはサンプル長さを５０ｍｍとし、引き抜き速度
２００ｍｍ／分でＡＳＴＭに準拠して測定して得られた
値である。In the present invention, the overlap length (L) between the winding start end and the winding end of the monostrand bead core is the length shown in FIG. 1, and this length L (mm) is more preferably the above formula. Is the following equation: 1.0 × 10 2 × πr 2 (f / A) ≧ L ≧ 5.0 × 10
It is necessary to satisfy the relationship represented by × πr 2 (f / A). Here, A indicating the pulling force (kgf) of the wire from the coated rubber is:
Specifically, it is a value obtained by measuring the sample length at 50 mm and extracting at a speed of 200 mm / min in accordance with ASTM.
【００１０】上記式中、Ｌが４．０×１０×πｒ2 （ｆ
／Ａ）未満の場合には、破断時に巻終端が引き抜けてし
まい、巻終端ワイヤがビードコアの総強力へ参加でき
ず、ビードコアの強力利用率の低下を招くことになる。
この結果、タイヤの安全率の低下あるいはビード部の重
量増加は免れ得なくなる。In the above equation, L is 4.0 × 10 × πr 2 (f
If the ratio is less than / A), the winding end will be pulled out at the time of breaking, and the winding end wire will not be able to participate in the total strength of the bead core, resulting in a decrease in the bead core strength utilization rate.
As a result, a reduction in the safety factor of the tire or an increase in the weight of the bead portion cannot be avoided.
【００１１】一方、Ｌが１．０×１０2 ×πｒ2 （ｆ／
Ａ）を超えると、ビードコアの強力利用率は変わらず
に、重量、ひいてはコストが増大しかつユニフォミティ
ーの悪化を招くことになる。On the other hand, L is 1.0 × 10 2 × πr 2 (f /
Beyond A), the power utilization of the bead core does not change, but the weight and, consequently, the cost increase and the uniformity deteriorates.
【００１２】上記ビードコアの断面形状が、全周の８０
％以上に亘り７本のワイヤよりなる最密構造の正六角形
を形成するようにすることで、成型、加硫時の形状安定
性が大幅に向上することになる。またこの結果、ユニフ
ォミティーの向上、強力利用率の上昇がもたらされこと
になる。The cross-sectional shape of the bead core is 80
By forming a regular hexagon having a close-packed structure composed of seven wires over the%, the shape stability during molding and vulcanization is greatly improved. This also results in improved uniformity and higher power utilization.
【００１３】モノストランドのワイヤ直径（Ｄ）が１．
５５ｍｍを超えると、必要以上にビードコアの剛性が向
上してしまい、リム組性、すなわちリムフィットを悪化
させることになる。またこれは、１３インチ以下のタイ
ヤにとって必要以上の強度となる。[0013] The wire diameter (D) of the monostrand is 1.
If it exceeds 55 mm, the rigidity of the bead core is improved more than necessary, and the rim assembling property, that is, the rim fit is deteriorated. This is also more than necessary for tires of 13 inches or less.
【００１４】上述のように、モノストランドの正六角形
最密構造化と、ワイヤの巻始端と巻終端の重なり長さ
（Ｌ）との最適化によって、強度ロスをほぼゼロに抑え
ることができ、タイヤの軽量化および製造コストの低減
も図れることになる。As described above, the strength loss can be suppressed to almost zero by forming the regular hexagonal close-packed structure of the monostrand and optimizing the overlapping length (L) of the winding start and end of the wire. It is also possible to reduce the weight of the tire and reduce the manufacturing cost.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】次に本発明を実施例および比較例により具体
的に説明する。本実施例においては、ビードコアのタイ
ヤ軸方向に沿った断面形状が図４に示す構造（構造）
と、図２に示す構造（）と、図３に示す構造（）と
を採用して、夫々の線径、重なり長さ（Ｌ）を夫々表１
に示すように変え、これらビードコアを使用して試験タ
イヤを製造した。かかる試験タイヤにおけるビードコア
の重量、タイヤ破壊圧、ビードコアの重量に対するタイ
ヤ破壊圧、リム組性、操縦安定性を以下のようにして評
価した。Next, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the bead core along the tire axial direction is shown in FIG. 4 (structure).
The structure () shown in FIG. 2 and the structure () shown in FIG. 3 are adopted, and the respective wire diameters and overlapping lengths (L) are shown in Table 1.
The test tires were manufactured using these bead cores in the following manner. The weight of the bead core, the tire breaking pressure, the tire breaking pressure with respect to the weight of the bead core, the rim assembly, and the steering stability of the test tire were evaluated as follows.
【００１６】リム組性 各種供試ビードコアを用いてサイズ１５５／６５Ｒ１２
および１７５／７０Ｒ１３のタイヤを試作し、これらタ
イヤを夫々１２×４．００Ｂおよび５Ｊ−１３のリムに
対して各１０本リム組した後、１本にかかる平均所要時
間ｔ（ｓｅｃ）を求めた。比較例１のコントロールの所
要時間をｔ０ としたとき、各タイヤのリム組性を、式
（ｔ０ ／ｔ）×１００より求め、指数で表示した。指
数値が大きいほど結果が良好であることを示す。但し、
指数値が８０以上であれば問題ない。 Rim assemble size 155 / 65R12 using various test bead cores
And 175 / 70R13 tires were prototyped, and these tires were assembled into 12 rims each of 12 × 4.00B and 5J-13 rims, and then the average required time t (sec) for one rim was determined. . When the time required for the control of Comparative Example 1 was set to t 0, the rim assembly of the tire, calculated from the equation (t 0 / t) × 100 , it was indicated by an index. A larger index value indicates a better result. However,
There is no problem if the index value is 80 or more.
【００１７】操縦安定性 実車走行を行い、テストドライバーによるフィーリング
により評価した。比較例１のコントロールタイヤを１０
０として指数にて評価した。指数値が大きいほど結果が
良好であることを示す。Driving stability The vehicle was driven and evaluated by feeling by a test driver. The control tire of Comparative Example 1 was 10
It was evaluated by an index as 0. A larger index value indicates a better result.
【００１８】ビードコア重量の測定および破壊特性 各種供試ビードコアを用いて１７５／７０Ｒ１３のタイ
ヤを試作し、そのビードコアの重量を測定した。次い
で、試験タイヤのビード部の破壊特性を、水圧による破
壊圧を測定することにより評価した。また、単位グラム
当たりの破壊圧も求め、これについては比較例１を１０
０として指数にても表示した。指数値が大きい程結果が
良好である。 Measurement of Bead Core Weight and Fracture Characteristics A tire of 175 / 70R13 was prototyped using various test bead cores, and the weight of the bead core was measured. Next, the breaking characteristics of the bead portion of the test tire were evaluated by measuring the breaking pressure due to water pressure. Also, the breaking pressure per unit gram was determined.
The index is also shown as 0. The higher the index value, the better the result.
【００１９】[0019]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上説明してきたように本発明の小型乗
用車用空気入りラジアルタイヤにおいては、一対のビー
ド部のビードコアを特殊構造のモノストランドビードコ
アとしたことにより、タイヤの破壊強力の低下を招いた
り、リム組性を損なうことなく、操縦安定性を改善する
ことができる。また、ビードコアの強度ロスをほぼゼロ
に抑えることができることから、タイヤの軽量化および
製造コストの低減も可能である。As described above, in the pneumatic radial tire for a small passenger car according to the present invention, the bead cores of the pair of beads are formed of a monostrand bead core having a special structure, thereby reducing the breaking strength of the tire. Steering stability can be improved without losing the rim assembly. Further, since the strength loss of the bead core can be suppressed to almost zero, the weight of the tire can be reduced and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
【図１】ワイヤの巻始端と巻終端との重なり長さ（Ｌ）
を示すモノストランドビードコアの部分断面図である。FIG. 1 is an overlap length (L) between a winding start end and a winding end of a wire
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a mono-strand bead core showing the following.
【図２】本発明の一例のビードコアのタイヤ軸方向に沿
った断面形状を示す断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional shape along a tire axial direction of a bead core according to an example of the present invention.
【図３】他例のビードコアのタイヤ軸方向に沿った断面
形状を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional shape along a tire axial direction of another example of a bead core.
【図４】従来例のビードコアのタイヤ軸方向に沿った断
面形状を示す断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional shape of a conventional bead core along a tire axial direction.
Claims (4)
ウォール部の内周に夫々形成された一対のビード部を備
えた小型乗用車用空気入りラジアルタイヤにおいて、 上記小型乗用車用空気入りラジアルタイヤのサイズが１
３インチ以下であり、 上記ビード部のビードコアが、ゴムで被覆された円形断
面ワイヤを螺旋状に旋回し束ねることによって形成され
るモノストランドよりなるビードコアであって、該ワイ
ヤの巻始端と巻終端との重なり長さＬ（ｍｍ）が次式、 Ｌ≧４．０×１０×πｒ2 （ｆ／Ａ） （式中、ｒはワイヤ断面の半径、ｆはワイヤの抗張力
（ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2 ）およびＡは被覆ゴムからのワイヤ
の引き抜き力（ｋｇｆ）を示す）で表される関係を満足
し、 上記ビードコアの断面形状が、全周の８０％以上に亘り
７本のワイヤよりなる最密構造の正六角形を形成し、 上記ワイヤの直径（Ｄ）が１．２５〜１．５５ｍｍであ
ることを特徴とする小型乗用車用空気入りラジアルタイ
ヤ。1. A small-sized pneumatic radial tire for a passenger vehicle, comprising a pair of beads formed on the inner periphery of a pair of sidewalls connected on both sides of a tread portion, respectively. Is 1
A bead core of 3 inches or less, wherein the bead core of the bead portion is a bead core made of a monostrand formed by spirally turning and bundling a rubber-coated wire having a circular cross section, and the winding start end and winding end of the wire And the overlap length L (mm) is as follows: L ≧ 4.0 × 10 × πr 2 (f / A) (where r is the radius of the wire cross section, f is the tensile strength of the wire (kgf / mm 2 )) And A indicate the pulling force (kgf) of the wire from the coated rubber), and the cross-sectional shape of the bead core is a close-packed structure composed of seven wires over 80% or more of the entire circumference. A pneumatic radial tire for a small passenger car, wherein the wire has a diameter (D) of 1.25 to 1.55 mm.
長さＬ（ｍｍ）が次式、The length L (mm) is １．０×１０ 1.0 × 10 2Two ×πｒ× πr 2Two （ｆ／Ａ）≧Ｌ≧５．０×１０×πｒ(F / A) ≧ L ≧ 5.0 × 10 × πr 2Two （ｆ／Ａ）(F / A) （式中、ｒ、ｆおよびＡは上記のものと同じものであ(Wherein r, f and A are the same as those described above)
る）で表される関係を満足する請求項１記載の小型乗用2. The small passenger according to claim 1, which satisfies the relationship represented by
車用空気入りタイヤ。Pneumatic tire for cars.
状に旋回し束ねることによって形成されるモノストランMonostrand formed by swirling and bundling
ドよりなるビードコアであって、該ワイヤの巻始端と巻A bead core consisting of
終端との重なり長さＬ（ｍｍ）が次式、The overlap length L (mm) with the end is Ｌ≧４．０×１０×πｒL ≧ 4.0 × 10 × πr 2Two （ｆ／Ａ） (F / A) （式中、ｒはワイヤ断面の半径、ｆはワイヤの抗張力(Where r is the radius of the wire cross section, f is the tensile strength of the wire
（ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ(Kgf / mm 2Two ）およびＡは被覆ゴムからのワイヤ ) And A are wires from coated rubber
の引き抜き力（ｋｇｆ）を示す）で表される関係を満足Satisfies the relationship expressed by
し、And 断面形状が、全周の８０％以上に亘り７本のワイヤよりThe cross-sectional shape is from 7 wires over 80% of the entire circumference
なる最密構造の正六角Hexagon of close-packed structure 形を形成し、上記ワイヤの直径Form the shape and diameter of the wire above
（Ｄ）が１．２５〜１．５５ｍｍであることを特徴とす(D) is 1.25 to 1.55 mm
るビードコア。Bead core.
長さＬ（ｍｍ）が次式、The length L (mm) is １．０×１０ 1.0 × 10 2Two ×πｒ× πr 2Two （ｆ／Ａ）≧Ｌ≧５．０×１０×πｒ(F / A) ≧ L ≧ 5.0 × 10 × πr 2Two （ｆ／Ａ）(F / A) （式中、ｒ、ｆおよびＡは上記のものと同じものであ(Wherein r, f and A are the same as those described above)
る）で表される関係を満足する請求項３記載のビードコ4. The bead core according to claim 3, which satisfies the relationship represented by
ア。A.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12303595A JP3212483B2 (en) | 1995-04-25 | 1995-04-25 | Pneumatic radial tire for small passenger cars |
| DE69511652T DE69511652T2 (en) | 1994-10-20 | 1995-05-26 | Belt tires for P.K.W. |
| ES95303581T ES2137455T3 (en) | 1994-10-20 | 1995-05-26 | PNEUMATIC RADIAL COVER FOR CARS FOR PASSENGERS. |
| EP95303581A EP0707986B1 (en) | 1994-10-20 | 1995-05-26 | Pneumatic radial tires for small-size passenger cars |
| US08/452,541 US5626695A (en) | 1994-10-20 | 1995-05-30 | Pneumatic radial tires with monostrand bead core for small-size passenger cars |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12303595A JP3212483B2 (en) | 1995-04-25 | 1995-04-25 | Pneumatic radial tire for small passenger cars |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08295108A JPH08295108A (en) | 1996-11-12 |
| JP3212483B2 true JP3212483B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 |
Family
ID=14850602
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12303595A Expired - Lifetime JP3212483B2 (en) | 1994-10-20 | 1995-04-25 | Pneumatic radial tire for small passenger cars |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3212483B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002192921A (en) | 2000-11-20 | 2002-07-10 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co:The | Spiral hexagonal bead and manufacturing method |
| JP4696743B2 (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2011-06-08 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
-
1995
- 1995-04-25 JP JP12303595A patent/JP3212483B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08295108A (en) | 1996-11-12 |
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