JP3211688B2 - Structure damping method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of controlling a restoring force characteristic of a structural part in which a variable damping device is installed in a beam-column structure of a structure or a seismic isolation layer, that is, history control. The method relates to a method of damping a structure by the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one of active control type vibration damping systems, the applicant installs a seismic element with a variable damping device interposed in a beam-column structure of a structure and changes the damping coefficient of the variable damping device. As a result, various types of vibration damping methods have been developed in which the damping property of a structure is evaluated, and vibration damping methods that use the damping force generated by a variable damping device as a control force have been developed (for example, JP-A-2-289).
No. 769).

Further, as a passive type vibration damping device using a damping device, the damping coefficient of the damping device is set to a certain value or is set so as to change according to the vibration state, thereby reducing the vibration of the building. There is something.

[0004]

In the case of a passive vibration control method, for example, as shown in FIG.
1 has the advantage of not requiring the installation of a sensor or the supply of external energy, but the damping coefficient has to be set for a specific vibration mode, There is a disadvantage that the rigidity of the installed mounting brace or the like greatly restricts it.

On the other hand, in an active control type vibration damping method using a variable damping device, for example, as shown in FIG. Judgment is made, and a command is given to each of the variable damping devices 21 arranged on each floor of the building to give a large damping property to the building.

However, also in this case, a complicated analysis by a computer is required based on the information from the sensors of each layer, and it is necessary to conduct a detailed preliminary study for adjustment in advance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. In a method of controlling a structure using a variable damping device, the device-generated damping force maintains or specifies the hysteresis characteristic of each layer. By controlling it to change under the above conditions, efficient vibration control can be achieved.

[0008]

The vibration control method of a structure SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention, a variable damping device is placed in a structural element rigid K _f constituting the structure (Column Frame and seismic isolation layer), Within the range controllable by the variable damping device, the relationship between the amplitude D and the restoring force Q is optimized based on the frequency transfer characteristics of the target structural element in advance. A specific restoring force characteristic is set on a coordinate plane, and the shape of the restoring force characteristic is maintained or changed in response to a constantly changing vibration state, so that the damping force F generated by the variable damping device is obtained. Control.

[0009] The restoring force characteristic in this case, the restoring force Q _s only structural element portion such Column Frames or seismic isolation layer of the layers that established the variable attenuator from the structural limitations, the rigidity 0
Ｋk, which is determined by the layer restoring force Q (= Q _s + F) as the sum with the device-generated damping force F of the variable damping device that can be varied between ｋk.

[0010] The invention according to claim 1, the rigid K _f variable damping device interposed Column rack premises established the seismic elements, the restoring force of the beam-column Frames only layers installed a variable damping device Q _s When
A seismic layer restoring force is given as a sum of the device generating the damping force F of the variable damping device for varying the stiffness between 0~k in relation to the element _{Q (= Q s + F)} , the amplitude D of the interlayer connection of
In it about the layer restoring force characteristics, pairs based on the frequency transfer characteristic for seismic or wind elephants become layer, wherein in a controllable range by the variable damping device, any of a plurality of layers restoring force Q
Layer restoring force that maximizes energy absorption characteristics for ₀
Characteristic is defined in advance on the coordinate plane representing the load-deformation relationship
Shape, and from among the shapes obtained above,
Depending on the vibration state of the serial target layer, the energy absorption characteristics or response reduction effect has selected a specific shape such that optimum, the generated damping force F of the variable damping device, the vibration state of every moment to changes, the shape of the layer restoring force characteristics shown on the coordinate plane, which is controlled so as to maintain a substantially similar shape to the specific shape, the vibration control method of the conventional active control type Efficient vibration damping that is less affected by vibration conditions such as vibration level and vibration cycle can be performed with simplified equipment and devices.

[0011] Claim 2 is obtained by defining a more specific form of seismic response control method according to claim 1, based on the frequency transfer characteristic for seismic or wind layer serving as Target, before Symbol Variable in a controllable range by the damping device, for any of a plurality of layers restoring force Q _0, energy absorption properties load a layer restoring force characteristics of maximum - shape on the coordinate plane representing the deformation relationships
The shape parameter α = Q ₀ / (K _f · D) is determined in advance, and from among the plurality of shape parameters α obtained , the energy absorption characteristic or the response reduction effect is determined according to the vibration state of the target layer. Selecting a specific shape parameter α to be optimal, and controlling the generated damping force F of the variable damping device so as to maintain the shape parameter α substantially constant with respect to a momentary change in the vibration state. It is characterized by.

A third aspect of the present invention specifies a more specific form of the vibration damping method according to the first and second aspects, wherein the vibration damping force F measured by the device section of the variable damping device has a portion corresponding to the seismic resistance element. calculated deformation x _B of deformation x _B of the seismic element portion
And obtains the interlayer displacement x and the interlayer speed dx / dt of the layer of interest from the displacement x _D of the apparatus portion which is measured by the sensor, based on these story displacement x and the interlayer speed dx / dt, the layer restoring force characteristics It is characterized in that a corresponding control command value u (t) is obtained.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the control law is simplified regardless of the vibration state by setting and controlling the shape parameter α relating to the layer restoring force characteristic. The control can be performed by installing only in the device section of the variable attenuation device, and furthermore, the target layer can be controlled independently of other layers, so that control can be performed even with a microprocessor. FIG. 1A shows a conventional example of FIG.
8. In contrast to FIG. 19, the concept is that the variable damping device 1 interposed between the beam-column frame 4 and the V-shaped brace 5 is controlled independently for each layer, and only a simple energy supply source is required for that. It is shown in a typical manner.

A fourth aspect of the present invention specifies one of the practical control rules in the vibration control method according to the third aspect, and obtains an envelope waveform D (t) for an interlayer displacement x that changes every moment, and As the instantaneous control command value, u (t) = − K _f ｛x (t) −α · sgn (dx (t) / dt)
A feature is that the control command value u (t) is obtained by a control circuit that gives D (t)｝.

Here, sgn (dx (t) / dt) is (d
+1 when x (t) / dt) ≧ 0, (dx (t) / dt) <
When it is 0, it is -1. That is, (dx (t) / dt) ≧
When 0, u (t) = − K _f {x (t) −α · D (t)}, (d
x (t) / dt) <0, u (t) = − K _f ｛x (t) + α
・ D (t)｝.

The envelope waveform D for the interlayer displacement x
Various methods can be considered for obtaining (t), including those described in the section of the embodiment of the invention.
The method of obtaining (t) naturally depends on how to set the layer restoring force characteristics, but various methods are conceivable.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vibration control method for a structure which controls a layer restoring force characteristic, changes a natural period of the structure, and makes the structure non-resonant with a seismic motion. are those, by interposing a variable damping device is installed seismic elements Column rack premises stiffness K _f, the relationship between the restoring force Q _s and seismic elements only Column Frames layers installed a variable damping device With no stiffness
Layer restoring force Q (= Q _s + F) given as a sum with the device-generated damping force F of the variable damping device that changes between?
And the layer restoring force characteristic, which is the relationship between the
Te, based on the frequency transfer characteristic for seismic or wind layer serving as Target, which can be controlled by pre-Symbol variable damping device range
In, for any of a plurality of layers restoring force Q _0, load the layer restoring force characteristic energy absorption characteristics is maximum - Table deformation relationship
Shape parameter alpha = Q giving the shape of the to coordinate plane
₀ / (K _f · D) and the natural period T of the structure when each of the plurality of shape parameters α is selected for each of the shape parameters α is determined in advance, and the generated damping force F of the variable damping device is obtained. Is controlled so as to give a shape parameter α that is as non-resonant as possible with respect to the momentary change in the vibration state.

In other words, in the case of claims 1 to 4, the control for maintaining the shape parameter α substantially constant with respect to the change of the vibration state every moment, whereas in the case of claim 5, the non-resonance is prioritized. , The shape parameter α is selectively changed so as to give a large attenuation. In this case as well, by grasping the layer restoring force characteristics corresponding to each shape parameter α in advance, efficient vibration control can be performed with a simple control law.

In the first aspect, the variable damping device is installed in relation to the beam-column frame. On the other hand, the sixth aspect controls the structure when the variable damping device is installed in the base isolation layer of the seismic isolation structure. Giving a seismic method.

[0020] That is, the variable damping device in parallel with the horizontal spring element in the horizontal spring element via a (e.g., most common laminated rubber as) to support the upper structure seismic isolation layer of horizontal stiffness K _f on a foundation was placed, the restoring force Q _s and rigidity of only the horizontal spring element isolation layer which is placed a variable damping device 0
Layer restoring force Q (= Q _s + F) given as a sum with the device-generated damping force F of the variable damping device that changes between?
If, for layer restoring force characteristic is a relationship between the amplitude D of the interlayer, on the basis of the frequency transfer characteristics for earthquake or wind immune Shinso, in a controllable range by the pre-Symbol variable damping device, Ren
Energy absorption characteristics for a plurality of layer restoring forces Q ₀
The layer restoring force characteristic that maximizes
Is obtained as a shape on the coordinate plane representing
From among the shapes, depending on the vibration state of the seismic isolation layer, the energy absorption characteristic or the response reduction effect is optimized.
Select such a specific shape, the generated damping force F of the variable damping device, to changes in vibration state every moment, the shape of the layer restoring force characteristics shown on the coordinate plane, the particular form
And controlling so as to be maintained substantially similar shape and Jo.

Similarly, a method of controlling a structure according to claim 7 corresponds to a method in which the installation position of the variable damping device according to claim 2 is replaced with a seismic isolation layer, and a horizontal spring element is provided on a foundation. a variable attenuation device placed in parallel with the horizontal spring element seismic isolation layer of horizontal stiffness K _f that supports the superstructure, the restoring force Q _s of only the horizontal spring element isolation layer which is placed a variable damping device layer restoring force is given as a sum of the device generating the damping force F of the variable damping device for varying the stiffness between 0 to k Q
A (= Q _s + F), the layer restoring force characteristic is a relationship between the amplitude D of the interlayer, on the basis of the frequency transfer characteristics for earthquake or wind immune Shinso, in a controllable range by the pre-Symbol variable damping device , for any of a plurality of layers restoring force Q _0, Enel <br/> layer restoring force characteristic load a of ghee absorption characteristics is maximum - deformation function
To previously obtain the shape parameters _{α = Q 0 / (K f} · D) to provide the shape of the coordinate plane representing the engagement, from a plurality determined the shape parameter alpha, shaped vibrating layers of said object
Depending on the state, a specific shape parameter α that optimizes the energy absorption characteristic or the response reduction effect is selected, and the generated damping force F of the variable damping device is changed according to the momentary change in the vibration state. It is characterized in that the parameter α is controlled so as to be kept substantially constant.

An eighth aspect of the present invention is also equivalent to an arrangement in which the installation position of the variable damping device in the fifth aspect is replaced with a seismic isolation layer, and the horizontal rigidity K _f supporting the upper structure on a foundation via a horizontal spring element. the variable attenuation device placed in parallel with the horizontal spring element seismic isolation layer, the restoring force Q _s and rigidity of only the horizontal spring element isolation layer which is placed a variable damping device between 0~k A layer restoring force Q (= Q _s + F) given as a sum of the device-generated damping force F of the variable damping device to be changed ,
Of the layer restoring force characteristic is a relationship between the amplitude D, immune based on frequency transfer characteristic for seismic or wind Shinso, in a controllable range by the pre-Symbol variable damping device, any of a plurality of layers restoring force Q ₀ in contrast, the layer restoring force characteristic load the the energy absorption characteristics is maximum - the form of the coordinate plane representing the deformation relationships
Given as Jo shape parameter _{α = Q 0 / (K f} · D)
Is obtained, and the natural period T of the structure when each of the shape parameters α is selected for each of the plurality of obtained shape parameters α is obtained in advance, and the generated damping force F of the variable damping device is changed every moment. It is characterized in that control is performed to give a shape parameter α that is as non-resonant as possible with respect to a change.

The ninth aspect of the present invention focuses on the difference between the frequency transmission characteristic of the structure due to the ground motion input from the ground, the response of the structure, and the frequency transmission characteristic of the structure due to the wind directly input to each layer of the structure. Then, the layer restoring force characteristics of the target layer for earthquakes and the layer restoring force characteristics for wind are set separately, and based on the detected seismic load and wind load, A determination means for selecting one of the layer restoring force characteristics with respect to the wind is provided, and control is performed based on the layer restoring force characteristic selected by the determining means.

[0024]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a vibration control method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The hysteresis control used in the present invention refers to a seismic element such as a brace in a beam-to-column frame (hereinafter simply referred to as a frame) (hereinafter referred to as a brace for simplicity).
In a seismic isolation structure where a variable damping device is installed via a damper or a variable damping device is installed on the seismic isolation layer of the seismic isolation structure in parallel with a horizontal spring element such as a laminated rubber bearing, etc. This is a method for controlling the restoring force characteristics.

The restoring force characteristic of the layer is, for example, as shown in FIG.
In dynamic model shown in (b), the relationship of the sum Q (= Q _s + F) and interlayer deformation x of the damping force of the restoring force and the unit frame.

In FIG. 1B, _Kf is the frame rigidity, k is the brace rigidity (including the rigidity of the variable damper), and c is the damping coefficient (variable).

The restoring force characteristic of the variable damping system when the building is steadily oscillating at the amplitude D is represented by a hatched parallelogram shown in FIG. 1 (c) due to the structural restriction that the device is a variable dashpot. Only a range is possible.

[0029] In FIG. 1 (c), beta is the rigidity ratio of the rigidity of the whole, including the stiffness K _f and brace stiffness k of only frame _{[= (K f + k) /} K f ≧ 1.0 ], βK _f gives the inclination of the upper and lower sides of the parallelogram.

According to the present invention, control is performed such that the restoring force characteristic has a set shape (the case where the similar shape is maintained or the case where the shape is changed) under the structural constraints.

Here, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the restoring force characteristic is changed to the shape parameter α [= Q ₀ / (K _f ·
D)] (0 ≦ α ≦ 2β−1, Q ₀ is the maximum value set for the restoring force (acceleration) with respect to the control of the variable damping device under specific conditions where D is fixed).

FIG. 2 shows that β = 1.5, ie, k / K _f =
0.5, the shape parameter α = 0, 0.5, 1..
For five types of 0, 1.5, and 2.0, a graph showing the relationship (restoring force characteristic) between the layer restoring force Q and the interlayer deformation x is shown on the left, and the generated damping force F and the interlayer deformation x of the variable damping device are shown on the right. It is an arrangement of graphs showing relationships.

As a basic idea, the restoring force characteristic is set so that the absorbed energy is maximized at a certain amplitude D or less and a certain restoring force (acceleration) Q ₀ or less at a certain point in time. Is an amplitude D that varies from moment to moment.
(t) is controlled.

FIG. 3 shows the transfer characteristics of the ground motion when controlled to these shapes (when the primary natural frequency of the building is f ₀ = 0.5). FIG. 2 shows that β =
FIG. 3 shows the shape parameters α = 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 for β = 2.0 so that the features of the present invention can be easily understood. 3 shows the transfer characteristic corresponding to 3.0.

(A) shows the frequency (frequency) on the horizontal axis and the acceleration response magnification on the vertical axis, and (b) shows the frequency (frequency) on the horizontal axis and the displacement response magnification on the vertical axis. It can be seen from the figure that the peaks of both the acceleration response magnification and the displacement response magnification are α =
1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 are smaller than α = 0 and 0.5, and α = 0, 0.5, 1..
In the case of 0, the response magnification is smaller than that in the case of α = 2.0, 3.0 (for the damping effect, it is also important that the response magnification at a somewhat higher frequency, which is easily perceived by humans, is small). Element).

Based on the response magnification in FIG. 3 and the magnitude of the damping force F generated from the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, it is determined that the perfect square (parallelogram) type restoring force characteristic in which α = 1 is optimum here. (Actually, the same β = 2.0 was determined), and this was set as the target restoring force characteristic.

Next, means for realizing the target restoring force characteristic will be described.

First, in an unsteady state such as at the time of an earthquake, a control block for controlling the target restoring force characteristic is set as shown in FIG.

Here, TR1 is for obtaining a response between layers from information of the device section, and TR2 is a control force command value u (t) for realizing a target restoring force characteristic from the response between layers. It is for asking.

The TR1 obtains the deformation x _B of brace section from the device generating the damping force F, the same from the device unit displacement x _D, is intended for determining the interlayer speed dx / dt and interlayer displacement x, 5
Represented by a transfer function shown in [transfer element deformation x _B of brace section from the device generating the damping force F is _{G 1 (s) = 1 /} (c '
s + k). Here, c ′ represents the attenuation of the brace portion. ].

If a sensor is mounted not only on the device but also on the building side to directly detect the interlayer speed dx / dt and the interlayer displacement x, the TR1 portion is not necessarily required for control.

G ₂ (s) is a differentiating circuit.

Various methods can be considered for TR2. Here, the envelope waveform D (t) of the instantaneous interlayer deformation response is obtained (see FIG. 6), and the control command value is calculated from the following equation (1) based on this. u
Create (t).

[0044]

(Equation 1)

Here, sgn (dx (t) / dt) is (d
+1 when x (t) / dt) ≧ 0, (dx (t) / dt) <
It is -1 when 0, and u when (dx (t) / dt) ≧ 0.
(t) = − K _f {x (t) −D (t)}, (dx (t) / dt)
When <0, u (t) = − K _f {x (t) + D (t)}.

In this example, the generated command value u (t) is
Although an ideal restoring force that gives a rectangular shape on the plane coordinates is given, actually, a characteristic in which the brace stiffness is considered is automatically realized due to the above-described structural constraint (see FIG. 7).

There are various methods for obtaining the envelope waveform D (t). Here, D (t) is defined by the following equation (2).

[0048]

(Equation 2)

Here, x (t) is represented by the following equation (3).

[0050]

(Equation 3)

The following equation (4) is defined.

[0052]

(Equation 4)

Equation (4) shows that the amplitude gain is 1 and the phase is 90 °.
Since this corresponds to the output when equation (3) is input to the advanced transfer function G '(s), it is only necessary to create such a transfer function.

FIG. 8 shows characteristics according to a third-order transfer function expressed by the following equation (5).

[0055]

(Equation 5)

Here, the specifications of G ′ (s) are a = 0.01
8T ² , b = 0.270T, d = 0.0011T ³ , e
^{= 0.023T 2, f = 0.088T,} g = -0.81
(T is the primary natural period of the building).

FIG. 9 shows an example of the calculation of D (t). The target envelope waveform is almost obtained.

As the seismic motion in FIG. 9, (a) uses the El Centro wave NS component, (b) uses the tuft wave EW component, and (c) uses the Hachinohe wave NS component.

FIG. 10 shows the restoring force characteristics of the response results analyzed by the above method (TR2). It can be seen that the target restoring force characteristic is always realized. In FIG. 10, (a) shows that the input seismic motion is the El Centro wave NS component, and (b)
Is the EW component of the El Centro wave, (c) is the NS component of the tuft wave,
(d) is the tuft wave EW component, (e) is the Hachinohe wave NS component, and (f)
Is the case of the Hachinohe wave EW component.

FIG. 11 shows an analysis result obtained by using only the information of the device using TR1 in correspondence with FIG. 10, but almost the same result is obtained. Therefore, according to the above control method, it is possible to efficiently control the vibration of the structure using only the information amount (apparatus pressure and displacement) of the apparatus section.

In the above-described embodiment, the shape parameter α is controlled to be substantially constant, that is, the restoring force characteristic (history shape) represented on the coordinate plane is controlled to be substantially similar. . This seeks to control the possible restoring force characteristics between layers using a variable damping device,
The purpose is to absorb the vibration energy of the structure as much as possible to reduce the shaking during an earthquake.

On the other hand, by controlling (changing) the hysteretic shape of the structure, the natural period and damping constant of the structure can be changed. FIG. 12 shows changes in the natural period T (equivalent period) and the damping constant h (equivalent damping constant) of the structure when the shape parameter α is changed under specific conditions.

As shown in FIG. 12, the shape parameter α
And the natural period uniquely correspond. Therefore, for example, FIG.
In the example of the arrangement of the apparatus, the seismic motion is detected by the sensor 6 based on the control flow as shown in FIG. 14, and the non-resonant shape parameter α is selected by the frequency analyzer and the control computer 7 or the like. By performing control in accordance with the value of the shape parameter α, it is possible to suppress vibration of the structure in consideration of non-resonance.

That is, non-resonant control for changing the natural period of the structure can be realized with the high damping constant added, and the control of the natural period T of the structure, which is the source of the non-resonant control, is controlled by the control parameter Can be easily set by the shape parameter α. As a result, the vibration of the structure during an earthquake is reduced, and a safe structure can be realized.

In the above, mainly the control for the seismic motion has been described.
Under seismic loading, various shape selection means are conceivable. On the other hand, since the wind load acts on the material point of each layer of the structure as a forced external force, it is conceivable to select a unique restoring force characteristic.

FIG. 15 shows a transfer function of the response reduction effect when the shape parameter α is changed under the wind load (where β =
2.0). Depending on where the original natural period of the structure is, the shape of the shape parameter α = 3.0 (when β = 1.5) 2 shown in FIG. 2 where α = 2.0) is selected, and the shape parameter α
It is considered that the most effective control is to maintain the numerical value of.

In this case, the control under the seismic load and the wind load is performed, for example, as shown in FIG.
And switching based on the measurement amount of the top acceleration sensor 6b (or the anemometer 6c), it is possible to perform control according to the type of external vibration force.

The switching between the seismic load operation and the wind load operation can be performed only by changing the shape parameter α.

FIG. 17 shows an outline of the case where the variable damping device 1 is installed in the base isolation layer of the base isolation structure 10 to perform control.

[0070] In this case, the K _f the horizontal rigidity of the laminated rubber 8 which supports the installed superstructure on a foundation, stiffness and damping coefficient of the variable damping device 1 varies between 0 to k c (variable)
Can be considered in the same manner as the case where the variable damping device 1 is installed in the column-beam frame.

[0071]

According to the present invention, a specific layer restoration which gives a relation between an amplitude between layers and a layer restoring force such that an energy absorption characteristic or a response reduction effect is optimized based on a frequency transmission characteristic of a target layer in advance. Set the force characteristics, and adjust the generated damping force of the variable damping device to
By controlling the layer restoring force characteristics, with simple equipment and equipment compared to the conventional active control type vibration control method, efficient vibration control with less influence by vibration state such as vibration level and vibration cycle It can be performed.

Further, since the control law can be simplified by setting the shape parameters relating to the restoring force characteristics, and control can be performed only by the state quantity of the device section, and each layer can be controlled independently of other layers, a simple device configuration can be achieved. Control is possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1A and 1B show the basic concept of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a schematic elevation sectional view showing an example of the arrangement of devices, FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a model of one layer of a building, FIG. c) is a diagram showing the relationship between the history characteristics of the layer and the structural constraints.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship (restoring force characteristic) between the layer restoring force Q and the interlayer deformation x for the five types of shape parameters α = 0 to 2.0, and the generated damping force F of the variable damping device is shown on the right. And a graph indicating the relationship between the deformation and the interlayer deformation x.

3 (a) is a graph of an acceleration response magnification and FIG. 3 (b) is a graph of a displacement response magnification for each case of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of control means for realizing a target restoring force characteristic in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram that embodies a TR1 part in the block diagram of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 shows the moment-to-moment interlayer deformation response and its envelope waveform D (t).
6 is a graph showing the relationship of.

FIG. 7 is a graph for explaining control based on equation (1) when a shape parameter α = 1 is selected.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing an equation (3) for obtaining an envelope waveform D (t).
It is a graph which shows the relationship between the standardized frequency, the phase, and the amplitude in the next transfer function.

FIG. 9 shows an example of calculating an envelope waveform D (t), and FIG.
Is the El Centro wave NS component, (b) is the tuft wave EW component,
(c) is a case of the Hachinohe wave NS component.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing an analysis result regarding a restoring force characteristic when the control according to the present invention is performed based on the response amount between layers, and FIG.
(b) is the El Centro wave EW component, (c) is the tuft wave NS component, (d) is the tuft wave EW component, (e) is the Hachinohe wave NS component,
(f) shows the case of the Hachinohe wave EW component.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing an analysis result regarding a restoring force characteristic when the control according to the present invention is performed only with the information of the device section.
(b) is the El Centro wave EW component, (c) is the tuft wave NS component, (d) is the tuft wave EW component, (e) is the Hachinohe wave NS component,
(f) shows the case of the Hachinohe wave EW component.

FIG. 12 shows a shape parameter α under a specific condition.
6 is a graph showing changes in a natural period T and a damping constant h of a structure when the distance is changed.

FIG. 13 is a schematic elevational sectional view showing an arrangement example of an apparatus in a case where a natural period T of a structure is changed by changing a shape parameter α.

FIG. 14 is an example of a flowchart in a case where control is performed by changing a shape parameter α.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing a transfer function of a response reduction effect when a shape parameter α is changed under a wind load.

FIG. 16 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an example of the arrangement of devices when switching control is performed under an earthquake load and a wind load.

FIG. 17 is an elevational view showing an outline of a case where a variable damping device is installed in a seismic isolation layer to perform control.

FIG. 18 is a schematic elevational sectional view showing an example of arrangement of devices in a passive vibration damping method using a conventional damping device.

FIG. 19 is a schematic elevation sectional view showing an example of arrangement of devices in a conventional active control type vibration control method using a variable damping device.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Variable damping device, 4 ... Column beam structure, 5 ... Brace, 6 ...
Sensor, 7: Computer, 8: Laminated rubber, 10: Structure, 11: Damping device, 21: Variable damping device, 22: Sensor, 23: Computer

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. A stiffness K with intervening variable damping device is installed seismic elements Column rack premises _f, the restoring force of the beam-column Frames only layers installed a variable damping device Q _s
And seismic layer restoring force is given as a sum of the device generating the damping force F of the varying stiffness between the 0~k in relation to the elements variable attenuator _{Q (= Q s + F)} , the interlayer amplitude D Relationship with
About layer restoring force characteristic is engaged, on the basis of the frequency transfer characteristics for earthquake or wind layer serving as Target, in a controllable range by the variable damping device,
For any of the plurality of layers restoring force Q _0, the energy absorbing JP
The layer restoring force characteristic that maximizes the
Is determined as a shape on a coordinate plane representing a relationship, and the vibration of the target layer is selected from the plurality of shapes obtained.
Depending on the state, the energy absorption characteristics or response reduction effect has selected a specific shape such that optimum, the generated damping force F of the variable damping device, to changes in the vibration state of every moment, the coordinate plane the shape of the layer restoring force characteristics indicated above, it is maintained substantially similar shape to the specific shape
A method of damping a structure, characterized in that it is controlled so as to be controlled. 2. A stiffness K with intervening variable damping device is installed seismic elements Column rack premises _f, the restoring force of the beam-column Frames only layers installed a variable damping device Q _s
And seismic layer restoring force is given as a sum of the device generating the damping force F of the varying stiffness between the 0~k in relation to the elements variable attenuator _{Q (= Q s + F)} , the interlayer amplitude D Relationship with
About layer restoring force characteristic is engaged, on the basis of the frequency transfer characteristics for earthquake or wind layer serving as Target, in a controllable range by the pre-Symbol variable damping device,
For any of a plurality of layers restoring force Q _0, layer restoring force characteristic load the the energy absorption characteristics is maximum - shape parameter alpha = Q ₀ which gives the shape of the seat <br/> target plane representing the deformation relationships /
(K _f · D) is determined in advance, and the object is determined from among the plurality of determined shape parameters α.
Depending on the vibration state of the layer, a specific shape parameter α that optimizes the energy absorption characteristic or response reduction effect is selected, and the generated damping force F of the variable damping device is changed every moment. On the other hand, a method of controlling the vibration of a structure, wherein the shape parameter α is controlled to be kept substantially constant. In seismic response control method 3. A process according to claim 1 or 2 Structure according to obtain the deformation x _B seismic element portion from the generated damping force F of the variable damping device to be measured in the apparatus unit, the seismic element portion sought deformation x _B and interlayer displacement x and the interlayer speed dx / dt of the layer of interest from the displacement x _D of the apparatus portion which is measured by the sensor, based on these story displacement x and the interlayer speed dx / dt, the layer A vibration damping method for a structure, wherein a control command value u (t) according to a restoring force characteristic is obtained. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein an envelope waveform D (t) is obtained for an inter-laminar displacement x (t) that changes every moment, and u (t) is set as an instantaneous control command value. =
−Kf ｛x (t) −α · sgn (dx (t) / dt) · D (t)
｝ [However, sgn (dx (t) / dt) is (dx (t) / d
t) ≥ 0, +1, (dx (t) / dt) <0-
1) a control command value u (t) is obtained by a control circuit which gives 1). 5. stiffness K with intervening variable damping device is installed seismic elements Column rack premises _f, the restoring force of the beam-column Frames only layers installed a variable damping device Q _s
And seismic layer restoring force is given as a sum of the device generating the damping force F of the varying stiffness between the 0~k in relation to the elements variable attenuator _{Q (= Q s + F)} , the interlayer amplitude D Relationship with
About layer restoring force characteristic is engaged, on the basis of the frequency transfer characteristics for earthquake or wind layer serving as Target, in a controllable range by the pre-Symbol variable damping device,
For any of a plurality of layers restoring force Q _0, layer restoring force characteristic load the the energy absorption characteristics is maximum - shape parameter alpha = Q ₀ which gives the shape of the seat <br/> target plane representing the deformation relationships /
(K _f · D), and a natural period T of the structure when each shape parameter α is selected for each of the plurality of obtained shape parameters α is obtained in advance. The generated damping force F of the variable damping device is A vibration control method for a structure, characterized in that control is performed to give a shape parameter α that is as non-resonant as possible with respect to a change in a vibration state every moment. Noodles wherein the variable attenuation device placed in parallel with the horizontal spring element seismic isolation layer of horizontal stiffness K _f that supports the superstructure via a horizontal spring elements on a foundation, was placed a variable damping device restoring force of only the horizontal spring element Shinso Q _s and the layer restoring force is given as a sum of the device generating the damping force F of the variable damping device for varying the stiffness between 0~k Q (= Q _s + F ) And the amplitude D between the layers
Based on the layer restoring force characteristics, the frequency transfer characteristics with respect to earthquake or wind of exemption Shinso that
To, in a controllable range by the pre-Symbol variable damping device, optionally
Energy absorption characteristics for a plurality of layer restoring forces Q ₀
The load-deformation relationship is determined in advance for the maximum layer restoring force characteristic.
Determined as the shape on the coordinate plane to represent , from among the multiple shapes determined, the vibration state of the seismic isolation layer
In response, the energy absorption characteristics or response reduction effect has selected a specific shape such that optimum, the generated damping force F of the variable damping device, to changes in the vibration state of every moment, on the coordinate plane the shape of the layer restoring force characteristics shown, is maintained substantially similar shape to the specific shape
A method of damping a structure, characterized in that it is controlled so as to be controlled. Noodles 7. A variable attenuation device placed in parallel with the horizontal spring element seismic isolation layer of horizontal stiffness K _f that supports the superstructure via a horizontal spring elements on a foundation, was placed a variable damping device restoring force of only the horizontal spring element Shinso Q _s and the layer restoring force is given as a sum of the device generating the damping force F of the variable damping device for varying the stiffness between 0~k Q (= Q _s + F ) And the amplitude D between the layers
Based on the layer restoring force characteristics, the frequency transfer characteristics with respect to earthquake or wind of exemption Shinso that
To, in a controllable range by the pre-Symbol variable damping device, for any of a plurality of layers restoring force Q _0, load the layer restoring force characteristic energy absorption characteristics is maximum - on the coordinate plane representing the deformation relationships Shape parameter α = Q ₀ / (K
_f · D) is determined in advance, and the object is determined from among the plurality of determined shape parameters α.
Depending on the vibration state of the layer, a specific shape parameter α that optimizes the energy absorption characteristic or response reduction effect is selected, and the generated damping force F of the variable damping device is changed every moment. On the other hand, a method of controlling the vibration of a structure, wherein the shape parameter α is controlled to be kept substantially constant. Noodles 8. The variable damping device is installed in parallel with the horizontal spring element seismic isolation layer of horizontal stiffness K _f that supports the superstructure via a horizontal spring elements on a foundation, it was placed a variable damping device restoring force of only the horizontal spring element Shinso Q _s and the layer restoring force is given as a sum of the device generating the damping force F of the variable damping device for varying the stiffness between 0~k Q (= Q _s + F ) And the amplitude D between the layers
Based on the layer restoring force characteristics, the frequency transfer characteristics with respect to earthquake or wind of exemption Shinso that
To, in a controllable range by the pre-Symbol variable damping device, for any of a plurality of layers restoring force Q _0, load the layer restoring force characteristic energy absorption characteristics is maximum - on the coordinate plane representing the deformation relationships Shape parameter α = Q ₀ / (K
_f · D), and the natural period T of the structure when each shape parameter α is selected for each of the plurality of shape parameters α obtained in advance is calculated. The generated damping force F of the variable damping device is momentarily calculated. A vibration control method for a structure, characterized in that control is performed so as to give a shape parameter α that is as non-resonant as possible with respect to a change in the vibration state of the structure. 9. A layer restoring force characteristic for an earthquake of a target layer and a layer restoring force characteristic for a wind are separately set, and the layer restoring force for the earthquake is determined based on the detected seismic load and wind load. 9. A structure control device according to claim 1, further comprising a judging means for selecting one of the characteristic and the layer restoring force characteristic with respect to the wind, and performing control based on the layer restoring force characteristic selected by the judging means. Quake method.