JP3211607B2 - Drill cutting mechanism for drilling machines - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mechanism for cutting chips during drilling.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional drilling machine, in particular, when drilling with a drilling machine with an automatic feeder that automatically lowers a spindle, the distance of the lowering of the spindle becomes constant during one rotation of the spindle, so that the workpiece can be processed. The cutting amount becomes uniform, and the swarf-like long cutting chips are discharged. This cutting waste is wound around the drill, and after drilling is completed, the wound cutting waste must be removed, which is time-consuming.

[0003] In order to solve the above problem, there is Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-171733 filed by the present applicant. This is because a recess is provided in one of the two sleeves holding the steel ball, and during automatic feeding, the steel ball enters the recess and periodically increases or decreases the distance between the two sleeves. Momentarily retreats (rises) from the lowering operation , and at this time, a long flaky shape occurred when drilling
Chips are instantaneously raised from the lowering operation of the spindle 7,
When they cut . The frequency of this rise corresponds to the number of revolutions of the spindle. As the number of revolutions of the spindle increases, the frequency of vertical movement also increases.

[0004]

Prior to the description of the problem to be solved, the relationship between the diameter of the drill when drilling with a drilling machine, the pressing load on the workpiece, and the relationship between the number of revolutions of the spindle will be described. As shown in FIG. 11, at the time of drilling, a load P for pressing the work material 42 by the drill 41 acts, so that the table 3 supporting the work material 42
Deflection as shown by the dotted line. Since the pressing load P required for drilling increases as the drill diameter increases, the bending amount δ of the table 3 also increases as the drill diameter increases. In general, the number of rotations of the spindle, which is the cutting speed at the time of drilling, is determined by the material of the work material 42. The larger the diameter of the drill, the lower the number of rotations of the spindle, and the smaller the diameter of the drill, the higher the number of rotations. You have set.

[0005] As described above, the above-mentioned cutting chip cutting mechanism has the following problem because the frequency of vertical movement of the spindle increases as the spindle lift increases and the spindle rotation speed increases. In order to cut long cutting chips, it is necessary to raise the spindle more than the amount of deflection δ of the table 3. Therefore, from the relationship between the diameter of the drill and the amount of deflection δ of the table 3, as the diameter of the drill increases, the amount of elevation of the spindle required for cutting must be increased.

Therefore, if the amount of rise of the spindle is set to be large, when drilling a large diameter drill, cutting chips can be cut and the main body vibrates due to the vertical movement of the spindle, but there is no problem because the frequency of vertical movement is small. However, when a small diameter drill is made, the number of rotations of the spindle increases, and the frequency of vertical movement of the spindle increases. Therefore, there are problems such as vibration of the main body and generation of noise. Conversely, if the amount of rise of the spindle is set to a small amount, there is no problem with drilling with a small drill diameter, but if the drill diameter is large, the spindle will not rise to the amount required for cutting chips, so there is a problem that cutting chips can not be cut. there were. Therefore, there has been a demand for a cutting chip cutting device capable of adjusting a rising amount of a spindle required for cutting cutting chips by a drill diameter.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to provide a cutting chip cutting mechanism capable of adjusting a rising amount of a spindle necessary for cutting cutting chips according to a drill diameter. Another object of the present invention is to make it easy to operate the adjustment of the lifting amount of the spindle.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a worm wheel, which is configured as a part of a power transmission means for automatically lowering a spindle by a motor, and a worm meshing with the worm wheel. , A worm shaft supporting the worm , and a shaft supporting the worm shaft
In drilling machine and a receiving portion, mounted slidably a sleeve adjacent to the worm in the worm shaft, fitted screw outer periphery of the male screw so that the on-axis <br/> receiving portion faces the sleeve, male thread the inner circumference of the rotatably supported on the worm shaft, accommodating the steel balls into the hole portion formed in the front Symbol shaft receiving portion, the steel ball in contact with the sleeve, the steel balls in the steel ball contact surface of the sleeve A recess for entering and exiting is provided, and moving means for moving the male screw forward and backward with respect to the sleeve is provided.

[0009]

With the above construction, the steel ball enters and exits the concave portion of the sleeve by the rotation of the worm shaft, and the sleeve moves periodically between the contact position with the steel ball and the contact position with the side surface of the male screw. I do. When the steel ball enters the recess of the sleeve during the lowering of the spindle, the sleeve moves until it comes into contact with the side surface of the male screw, and at the same time, the worm adjacent to the sleeve also moves. Cut the cuttings that are connected. However, if the amount of rise of the spindle is insufficient and cutting chips cannot be cut, the distance from the contact position of the sleeve to the steel ball by the means for moving the male screw to the contact with the side surface of the male screw is increased, and the moving amount of the worm is increased. By increasing the height of the spindle, the amount of elevation of the spindle also increases, and it is possible to cut long cutting chips.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view around a worm shaft showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is an overall side view of a drilling machine in which a head portion is sectioned, and FIG. 4 is a front sectional view around a handle portion.

In FIG. 3, a column 2 is erected on a base 1 and a table 3 on which a work material (not shown) is placed is fitted in the center of the column 2 so as to be vertically movable. The upper end of the column 2 provided with a head 4 having a Motoru 5, Tei is Quil 6 inside the head 4 is slidably fitted in the vertical direction
You. Via pulley and belt 8 provided at the upper end of motor 5
The pulley 9 is connected, and the pulley 9 is attached to the upper end.
Rotate the first gear 10, the moving gear 11, and the third gear 12.
Rollably supported by the head 4 and meshed with the third gear 12
The final gear 13 is attached to the outer periphery of the quill 6.
You. Spindle 7 from motor 5 to belt 8, pulley
9, first gear 10, moving gear 11, third gear 1
2. It is rotationally driven via the final gear 13.

1 and 4, a pinion shaft 14 meshes with a rack 6a formed on the outer periphery of the quill 6, and the pinion shaft 14 is supported by the head 4 and a worm wheel 15 is rotatably fitted thereto. I have. The worm 16 meshing with the worm wheel 15 is pivotally attached to a worm shaft 22 by a key 23 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. The worm shaft 22 is driven by the rotation of the motor 5 to drive the third gear 12,
Pulley 17, belt 18, pulley 19, worm 20,
It rotates via the worm wheel 21. Worm 16 side opposite to quill 6 (right side of worm 16 in FIG. 1)
As in the worm 16, a sleeve 24 is pivotally mounted on a worm shaft 22 by a key 23 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. A male screw 25 is provided on a bearing portion 4 a provided at an appropriate position in the head 4 supporting the worm shaft 22 so as to face the sleeve 24.
A screw portion 25a on the outer periphery of the male screw 25 is screw-fitted to the bearing portion 4a, and the worm shaft 22 is rotatably supported by the hole portion 25b. A plurality of bearings are provided rotatably concentrically with the worm shaft 22 so as to be able to advance and retreat with respect to the sleeve 24, and are provided with a uniform depth in the bearing portion 4a at regular intervals in the circumferential direction (this embodiment). Is 3
Steel ball 26 in each of the ball support holes 4b.
Is stored. A washer 27 having a uniform thickness is fitted to the worm shaft 22 between the sleeve 24 and the male screw 25. On the worm shaft 22, a spring 28 is mounted on the worm shaft 22 on the opposite side of the worm 16 from the side of the worm 16, which urges the sleeve 24 toward the steel ball 26 (to the right in FIG. 1).

FIG. 5 shows a steel ball 26 of a sleeve 24.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is an enlarged view around the sleeve showing a state in which the sleeve is in contact with the washer, and FIG. It is a sleeve periphery enlarged view which shows the state which contacted. As shown in FIG. 5, concave portions 24a (three positions in this embodiment) are formed on the right side surface of the sleeve 24, which is the contact surface of the steel balls 26, at the same intervals as the disposition intervals of the steel balls 26. The concave amount of 24a is 11.

The rotation of the worm shaft 22 causes the sleeve 24 to rotate.
When the steel ball 26 enters and exits the recess 24a of the sleeve 24, and as shown in FIG.
Move until it touches 7. As shown in FIG. 8, when the recess 24 a of the sleeve 24 does not overlap with the steel ball 26, the sleeve 24 moves to a position where it contacts the steel ball 26. Therefore, the sleeve 24 is
The worm shaft 22 is periodically moved in the axial direction of the worm shaft 22 by the rotation of. This movement amount is defined as l2. Normally, l2 is smaller than l1.

The rotation of the worm wheel 15 is controlled by the pinion shaft 1
4 will be described with reference to FIG. The connecting means is constituted by the claws 33 and 34 and the worm wheel 1 is provided.
A claw clutch 33 is provided on the right side of 5, and a claw clutch 34 meshing with the claw clutch 33 is pivotally connected to the pinion shaft 14 by a key 35 so as to be slidable. Handle 3
6 is fixed to the pinion shaft 14 by a nut 37. When the handle 36 is tilted to the position indicated by the two-dot chain line, the slide boss 38 moves to the left, the pawl clutch 34 is pressed to the pawl clutch 33 side, the pawl clutch 33 is engaged, and the power transmitted to the worm wheel 15 is: The quill 6 descends via the claw clutches 33 and 34 and the pinion shaft 14. When the handle 36 is returned, the slide boss 3
8 moves to the right and the pawl clutch 34 is also interlocked, the engagement of the pawl clutches 33 and 34 is released, and the power of the worm wheel 15 is not transmitted to the pinion shaft 14.

Next, the means for moving the male screw 25 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view around the worm shaft showing the male screw moving means. Screw part 2 of male screw 25
A tooth 25c is provided on the outer circumference on the side opposite to the sleeve 5a.
A gear 29 that meshes with the gear c is fitted to a gear shaft 30 that is rotatably supported at an appropriate position in the head 4, and an adjust knob 31 is provided at one end of the gear shaft 30. Adjust knob 3
When the dial 1 is turned, the male screw 25 rotates left and right through the gear shaft 30 and the gear 29 while rotating. A scale 43 is provided on the outer periphery of the adjustment knob 31, and an indicator 44 for indicating the scale 43 is provided on the head 4. The movement of the male screw 25 changes the distance of l2.
That is, the amount of rise of the spindle 7 can be changed. As shown in FIG. 9, when the male screw 25 is moved all the way to the sleeve 24 side, l2 becomes 0, and the sleeve 24 can always be in a state of being in contact with the washer 27. Further, the movement amount of the male screw 25 can be grasped by the scale 43 and the indicator 44. Adjust knob 31
The clamp knob 32 serving as holding means is screw-fitted to the head, and the tip of the clamp knob 32 presses the head 4 by the rotation operation of the clamp knob 32, and the position of the adjustment knob 31 is fixed.

In the above configuration, a drill (not shown) is mounted on the spindle 7, the spindle 7 is driven to rotate by the motor 5, the handle 36 is tilted, and the claws 33, 3 are moved.
4 is brought into the automatic feeding state. The sleeve 24
It moves periodically by l2 in the axial direction of the worm shaft 22.
By the rotation of the worm 16, the spindle 7 automatically descends at a constant speed together with the quill 6 via the worm wheel 15 and the pinion shaft 14. When a drilling operation is performed, the table 3 bends due to the load pressing the work material. In addition, the pinion shaft 14 and the worm wheel 1
5. The sleeve 24 presses the steel ball 26 or the washer 27 via the worm 16.

The rotation of the worm shaft 22 causes the sleeve 24 to rotate.
When the steel ball 26 enters and exits the concave portion 24a of the sleeve 24 and the position of the concave portion 24a of the sleeve 24 and the position of the steel ball 26 overlap, the worm 16 together with the sleeve 24 by l2 as shown in FIG.
To move to the right at, the worm wheel 15,
When the pinion shaft 14 temporarily reverses, the lowering of the spindle 7 rises, and when the spindle 7 rises by more than the amount of deflection of the table 3, long continuous cutting chips are cut.

If the drill diameter is large and the amount of deflection of the table 3 is large, and the amount of elevation of the spindle 7 is insufficient to cut off cuttings, the scale of the scale 43 indicating the desired amount of movement of the male screw 25 is adjusted to the indicator 44. Turn the adjustment knob 31 while moving the male screw 25 to the right,
The dimension l2 is increased. As a result, the amount of movement of the worm 16 and the amount of elevation of the spindle 7 are increased, whereby cutting chips can be cut even in a drilling operation with a large drill diameter.

When drilling a hole with a small diameter,
By rotating the adjustment knob 31 in the opposite direction to the left by moving the adjustment knob 31 in the left direction, reducing the dimension l2, and adjusting the rising amount of the spindle 7 to the minimum amount necessary for cutting the cutting chips, the vibration and noise of the main body are reduced. Can be minimized.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, when the adjusting knob 31 is rotated to move the male screw 25 toward the sleeve 24 so that the dimension l2 becomes zero, the sleeve 24 is rotated while the worm shaft 22 is rotating. Since the sleeve 24 always rotates while being in contact with the washer 27, the sleeve 24 does not move, and the spindle 7 always descends at a constant speed to perform drilling. This is effective when it is not necessary to raise the spindle 7 periodically, such as when the work material is cast iron or when the drill diameter is small and cutting chips are not long. The spring 28 attached to the worm shaft 22 serves to compensate for the decrease in the pressing force of the sleeve 24 when the spindle 7 moves up.

FIG. 10 is a transverse sectional view of a male screw portion showing another means for moving the male screw 25. As shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the handle 3 is rotatably operated from the outside of the main body to the male screw 25 at an appropriate position of the head 4.
An elongated hole 4c through which the hole 9 extends is provided, and the tip of the handle 39 is connected to the male screw 25. Shaft 39 of handle 39
a, the clamp nut 40 is screw-fitted, and after the handle 39 is rotated, the clamp nut 40 is turned so that the seat surface of the clamp nut 40 presses the head 4 surface, and the position of the handle 39 can be fixed. I have. Handle 39
As in the operation of the adjustment knob 31, the amount of elevation of the spindle 7 can be adjusted. Although not shown, the head 4 is provided with a scale and the clamp nut 40 is provided with an indicator for indicating the scale, whereby the movement amount of the male screw 25 can be grasped. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the two moving units has been described. However, any mechanism that can move the male screw 25 is essential, and is not limited to the above configuration.

[0024]

According to the present invention, when drilling by automatic feeding in a drilling machine, the amount of elevation of a spindle necessary for cutting cutting chips can be adjusted according to the diameter of a drill to be used. Cutting of cuttings can be done even when drilling thick holes, and when drilling with a small drill diameter, adjust the spindle lift to the minimum amount required for cutting chips to minimize vibration and noise of the main body. be able to. In addition, since the adjustment of the above mechanism can be performed with a simple configuration, an inexpensive and easy-to-operate cutting chip cutting mechanism can be provided. Further, by providing a scale on the outer periphery of the knob and providing an indicator for indicating the scale on the head, the movement amount of the male screw can be grasped.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view around a worm shaft showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view around a worm shaft.

FIG. 3 is an overall side view of a cross section of a head portion of the drilling machine.

FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view around a handle portion.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the sleeve.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the periphery of the sleeve showing a state where the sleeve is in contact with the washer.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the periphery of the sleeve showing a state where the sleeve is in contact with a steel ball.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the periphery of the sleeve showing a state in which the sleeve always contacts the washer.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view around an external thread portion showing another male screw moving means.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing table deflection at the time of drilling.

[Explanation of symbols]

4 ... Head, 4a ... Bearing part, 4b ... Ball support hole, 4c
... Elongated hole, 6 ... Quwill, 6a ... Rack, 7 ... Spindle, 14 ... Pinion shaft, 15,21 ... Warm wheel,
16, 20 worm, 22 worm shaft, 24 sleeve, 24a recess, 25 male screw, 25a screw part,
25b: hole, 25c: tooth, 26: steel ball,
27 ... washer, 28 ... spring, 29 ... gear, 30
... Gear shaft, 31 ... Adjust knob, 32 ... Clamp knob, 33,34 ... Claw clutch, 36 ... Handle,
38 slide boss, 39 handle, 39a shaft, 40 clamp nut, 43 scale, 44
indicator.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A worm wheel configured as a part of a power transmission means for automatically lowering a spindle by a motor, a worm meshing with the worm wheel, a worm shaft supporting the worm , and the worm shaft. To
In drilling machine having a bearing portion for supporting said mounting slidably sleeve adjacent to the worm in the worm shaft, the said bearing portion fitted screw periphery of the male screw so as to face the sleeve, the inner circumference of the external thread is rotatably supported in the worm shaft, the steel ball is housed in a hole portion formed in the front Symbol shaft receiving portion, the steel ball in contact with the sleeve,
A cutting tool cutting machine for a drilling machine, characterized in that a concave portion for allowing a steel ball to enter and exit is provided on a steel ball contact surface of a sleeve, and a moving means for moving the male screw forward and backward with respect to the sleeve is provided. 2. The moving means includes a tooth portion provided on an outer periphery of the male screw on a side opposite to the sleeve, and a gear meshing with the tooth portion.
2. The cutting chip cutting mechanism for a drilling machine according to claim 1, further comprising a knob for rotating the gear, and holding means for holding the position of the knob. 3. The cutting chip cutting mechanism for a drilling machine according to claim 2, wherein a scale is provided on an outer periphery of said knob, and an indicator for indicating said scale is provided on said head. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the moving means includes a handle provided on the male screw, and a holding means for rotating the male screw by operating the handle and holding a position of the handle. Drill cutting mechanism for drilling machines.