JP3210788U - Fluid collecting speed increasing cylinder and power generator using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] A fluid for stably taking in fluid regardless of forward and reverse flow such as tidal current while moored at a fixed position, and increasing the flow velocity of the taken fluid, thereby enhancing power generation capacity. Provides a current collecting cylinder. SOLUTION: This is installed in a fluid along the flow of fluid, and the inclined inner peripheral surface is constricted while inclining inward from the peripheral edge of both ends of the cylindrical outer cylinder 1 toward the central part. Then, the conical inner slope 2 is formed, and the inner ends of the conical inner slope 2 are connected by the inner cylinder 3. A cylindrical core 5 is fixed to the central portion of the inner cylinder 3, and a space between the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical core 5 and the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 3 is configured as a reduced annular flow path 6. On the surface, there was provided a current collecting cone 7 having the outside as a vertex and collecting the fluid in the reduced annular flow path. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is installed along a fluid flow in a fluid flow such as a tidal current, a water flow or an air flow, and accelerates the fluid flow in a cylinder by a current collecting effect. This is related to technology that uses the energy of the fluid for power generation.

  Various types of power generation devices using fluids have been disclosed. For example, in the “floating type tidal power generation device” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-256931, a tidal pressure is applied to the outer periphery of a sealed cylindrical body. It has been proposed that a plurality of blades for rotating the body itself are attached, a generator for generating electric power by rotation of the cylindrical body is provided in the cylinder, and the generator itself is held so as not to rotate on a non-rotating shaft.

  In use, the rear portion of the cylindrical body is sunk and held by a mooring rope with the non-rotating shaft side exposed to the sea surface, and the cylindrical body on the extended side opposes the flow of the tidal current to generate electricity.

  However, in the conventional tidal current power generation device, since the installation state is fixed, the power generation capacity is extreme when the tidal current changes, the reverse tidal current occurs, or when a large wave occurs due to a typhoon or the like. As a tidal power generator, it was very unstable.

  Further, in order to obtain an effective power generation capacity, there has been a problem that the mooring rope must be moved and installed in order to make the direction of the power generation device face the tidal current.

JP2013-256931A

  The present invention keeps the moored at a fixed position, stably takes in the fluid regardless of forward and backward flow such as tidal current, and increases the flow speed of the taken fluid, thereby increasing the power generation capacity. Let it be an issue.

The present invention for achieving the above object has the features described below.

  The first device is installed in the fluid along the flow of the fluid, and the inclined inner peripheral surface is inclined inwardly from the peripheral edge of both ends of the cylindrical outer cylinder toward the central portion. The conical inner slope is formed by constricting, the inner ends of the conical inner slope are connected by an inner cylinder, a cylindrical core is fixed to the central portion of the inner cylinder, and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical core and the previous inner cylinder A fluid which is formed as a reduced annular flow path between the inner peripheral surface of each of the cylinder cores, and is provided with current collecting cones at both ends of the cylindrical core, with the outer side being the apex and collecting the fluid in the reduced annular flow path This is a current collecting cylinder.

  In addition, the second device is installed in the fluid along the flow of the fluid, and while inclining inwardly from the peripheral edge of both ends of the cylindrical outer cylinder toward the center, A conical inner slope is formed by constricting the peripheral surface, the inner ends of the conical inner slope are connected by an inner cylinder, and a cylindrical core is fixed to the center of the inner cylinder. A space between the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder is formed as a reduced annular flow path, and both ends of the cylindrical core are provided with current collecting cones that collect the fluid in the reduced annular flow path with the outside as a vertex. A bidirectional flow-compatible turbine that does not rotate in the reverse direction even if the flow direction is reversed is attached to the outer periphery of the cylinder core, and the turbine core is operated by receiving the rotation of the turbine. This is a fluid power generation device provided with a machine.

According to the current collecting speed increasing cylinder of the present invention, regardless of the flow velocity of the fluid, the fluid is throttled at the current collecting portion constituted by the conical inner slope and the current collecting cone, so that the channel cross-sectional area is reduced. The speed is reduced according to the reduction of the cross-sectional area, and the flow velocity reaches the maximum speed at the connection point with the reduced annular flow path. In the reduced annular channel, the cross-sectional area is constant, so there is no speed increase, and the flow velocity is maintained at the maximum speed. Moreover, since the cylinder of the present invention has a symmetric structure, it can sufficiently cope with fluid flowing in the opposite direction.
Furthermore, if this is used for the power generation device, the maximum speed increasing flow maintained in the reduced annular flow path rotates the turbine at a high speed, so that the power generation capacity is increased as compared with the case where the current collecting speed is not increased.

It is a schematic sectional drawing of the current collecting speed increasing cylinder by this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the 2nd example of the current collecting speed-up cylinder by this invention. It is a 3rd example schematic sectional drawing of the current collection speed-increasing cylinder by this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the electric power generating apparatus using the current collecting speed increasing cylinder by this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the XX line of FIG. It is a comparison graph of the power generation capability by the presence or absence of current collection speed increase in this invention power generation device.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a representative example of a current collecting speed increasing cylinder according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a schematic cross sectional view showing a typical example of a power generator using the current collecting speed increasing cylinder.

  The structure of the current collecting speed increasing cylinder is shown below. The outer cylinder 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 1 is maximized at both ends. From the peripheral edges of both ends of the outer cylinder 1, after inclining inward toward the center, the inclined inner peripheral surface is constricted so as to have a linear mortar shape or a curved funnel shape. An inner slope 2 is formed, and the inner ends of the conical inner slope 2 are connected by an inner cylinder 3. A hollow columnar cylindrical core 5 is fixed to a central portion of the inner cylinder 3 via a cylindrical core support structure 4. Between the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical core 5 and the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 3. Is configured as a reduced annular channel 6. For the sake of convenience, the flow path area from the maximum inner diameter portion of the outer cylinder 1 to both end faces of the cylinder core 5 is defined as a fluid collecting portion (flow expanding portion).

  The space between the outer surface and the inner surface of the outer cylinder 1 is hollow, and in the case of tidal power generation with an airtight / watertight structure, water or the like can be stored in this space for buoyancy adjustment. Therefore, piping equipment (not shown) capable of injecting and discharging water or air is attached to the outer cylinder 1 in this space. In the present embodiment, the outer cylinder 1 is shown as a “straight tube type” in which the outer diameter is constant between both ends. However, the outer cylinder 1 is not limited to this. The abacus ball shape (see Fig. 2) that bulges out automatically, and the outer diameter of the outer cylinder bulges toward the middle with a continuous and gentle curve, and the outer diameter is the largest at the middle of the cylinder. It may be a “drum type” (see FIG. 3).

  At both end faces of the cylindrical core 5, current collecting cones 7 are provided, with the outer side as apexes, for collecting the fluid in the reduced annular flow path 6. The current collecting cone 7 is shown as a conical shape in the present embodiment, but may be a bullet-shaped shape. Further, the current collecting cone 7 is shown as being hollow in the present embodiment, but when the present invention is used for tidal current power generation, it may be filled with foaming plastic or the like in order to maintain the outer diameter and obtain buoyancy. Is possible.

  The current collecting speed increasing cylinder having the above structure is fixed in the fluid by a fixing means such as a mooring rope (not shown) along the fluid flow. Here, the fluid is preferably a tidal current, a water current (hydropower) or a wind current (wind force). The current collecting speed increasing cylinder can cope with a change in the inflow direction of the fluid with a time difference (in the horizontal direction in the figure), for example, a change in the tidal current due to the rising tide and the lower tide in the tidal current. Therefore, the left and right sides of the figure have a symmetrical structure, and if one is a fluid inlet (fluid outlet), the other is in a fluid outlet (fluid inlet) relationship.

  In the current collecting speed increasing cylinder, the cross-sectional area of the fluid inlet in the outer cylinder 1 is wide, and the cross-sectional area of the reduced annular flow path 6 is narrow. In a continuous flow tube having such a structure, the flow velocity in the reduced annular flow path 5 where the flow path cross-sectional area is small is larger in inverse proportion to the cross-sectional area than in the large cross-sectional area portion. Further, since the kinetic energy of the fluid is proportional to the cube of the flow velocity, the flow velocity becomes faster in the reduced annular flow path 6, and the largest energy can be obtained in the reduced annular flow path 6.

In examining the operation and effect of the current collecting speed increasing cylinder, first, the cross-sectional area of each part of the current collecting cylinder is obtained. When the inside / outside diameter is D ₁ (m), the reduced annular flow path is D ₂ (m), the outer diameter of the cylinder core is D _{3 and the} flow rate in _the flow tube is Q,

Next, the energy increasing effect of the current collecting speed increasing cylinder is obtained based on the cross-sectional area of each part of the energy collecting cylinder.
The numerical conditions necessary for the formula are as follows.
Outlet inlet inner diameter circular sectional area (m ² ): A ₁
Reduced annular flow path cross-sectional area ^(m 2): _{A t}
Inlet kinetic energy (watt): E ₁
Reduced annular flow circuit fluid kinetic energy (watt): _{E t}
Flow rate in flow tube (m ³ / s): Q
Flow rate magnification: R
Inflow velocity (m / s): V ₁
Reduced annular flow velocity (m / s): V _t
Fluid density (Kg / m ³ ): ρ
The flow rate ratio R is outflow inlet inner diameter Endan area: a value obtained by dividing the A ₁ the reduced annular flow path cross-sectional area A _t. Based on these, kinetic energy is obtained.

When the cross-sectional area of the pipe through which the fluid flows is reduced, the kinetic energy (E _t ) of the fluid in the reduced portion (reduced annular channel 5) is _{equal to} the fluid kinetic energy (E ₁ ) of the inlet. It is shown that the current is the square of the current collecting ratio R.
For example, as shown in the following calculation, when the current collection ratio R is 2.0, the kinetic energy (E _t ) of the fluid increases 2 × 2 = 4 times the fluid kinetic energy (E ₁ ) of the inlet.
That is, E _t = 2 × 2 × E ₁ = 4E ₁ .
As described above, when the tidal current enters the current collecting portion, the water flow is gradually narrowed by the conical inner slope 2 and the current collecting cone 7, and the current is concentrated and increased, and reaches the maximum speed at the entrance of the reduced annular flow path 6. Since the inner diameter of the reduced annular channel 6 is constant from the inlet to the outlet, the flow rate is constant at this maximum flow rate. The kinetic energy of the fluid at this maximum flow velocity is expressed by equation (5). The downstream of the outlet of the reduced annular channel 6 becomes a flow expanding portion, the cross-sectional area gradually increases, the flow velocity decreases, and the natural flow is discharged from the outlet of the expanding portion.

  Next, a power generator using the current collecting speed increasing cylinder will be described with reference to FIGS. The structure of the current collecting speed increasing cylinder itself conforms to the description of the first embodiment. A generator 8 is installed in the cylindrical core 5, and a turbine 9 is disposed in the center of the outer periphery of the cylindrical core 5 in the reduced annular flow path 6 in order to operate the generator. The turbine 8 has a property that the turbine itself does not reversely rotate even if the direction of the flow of the fluid is reversed, that is, the turbine 8 corresponds to the bidirectional flow.

The power generator is fixed along the tidal current in the sea using a mooring rope (not shown).
In calculating the power generation capacity of the power generation device, the following items are set in the calculation formula.
Fluid density (Kg / m ³ ): ρ (Seawater density = 1,025 Kg / m ³ )
Reduced annular flow circuit fluid kinetic energy (watt): _{E t}
Current generator power generation capacity (Watt): P
Total energy efficiency (coefficient): Cp (power generation capacity divided by reduced annular channel fluid kinetic energy)
Concentration magnification: R (= A ₁ / A _t )
Reduced annular flow path cross-sectional area ^(m 2): _{A t}

Generating capacity is obtained by multiplying the overall energy efficiency Cp into kinetic energy E _t of the fluid flowing through the reduced annular flow path 5.
The total energy efficiency Cp is a power generation efficiency that takes into account all energy losses such as resistance loss of the flow path, resistance loss due to cross-sectional reduction, and mechanical energy loss of the generator.

Table 1 shows the assumed calculation conditions for calculating the current collection capacity.

The formula (9) is the collective power generation capacity from the total energy efficiency (C _p ), the density of the fluid (ρ), the flow velocity at the inlet (V ₁ ), the inner diameter of the outlet (D _1), and the current collection factor (R). This is a calculation formula for obtaining (P). A comparison of tidal power generation calculation results under the assumed calculation conditions in Table 1 is shown in Table 2 and the graph in FIG. In this comparison, the power generation capacity is calculated for the case of the current collection magnifications R = 1 and R = 2 for the flow velocity at the inflow port and the four inflow velocity cases (a, b, c, d), respectively. R = 1 displayed in the chart indicates that the inlet cross-sectional area is equal to the reduced annular channel cross-sectional area and does not collect current, and R = 2 indicates that the inlet sectional area is the reduced annular channel cross-sectional area. Each is doubled.
That is, these charts show the difference between the power generation capacity when not collecting current and the power generation capacity when collecting current from a cross-sectional area that is twice the cross-sectional area of the reduced annular channel.

In the present invention, the explanation has been made on the tidal current collection speed increase and tidal current power generation among the fluids, but these are installed along the wind direction, for example, in a building where a building wind is generated and between the valleys of the building or in a stable wind direction. It can be applied to wind power generation, and can also be applied to small-scale hydropower generation.
In addition, by installing a large number of current-collecting speed-increasing tubes according to the present invention like a raft, a large number of mooring ropes that fix them become seaweed algae beds, and small fish cling to them, and large fish It can also contribute to the development of new fishing grounds.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer cylinder 2 Conical inner slope 3 Inner cylinder 4 Cylinder core support structure 5 Cylinder core 6 Reduction | restoration annular flow path 7 Current collecting cone 8 Generator 9 Turbine

Claims (2)

  It is installed in the fluid along the flow of the fluid, and the inclined inner peripheral surface is narrowed while concentrating the inner peripheral surface from the peripheral edge of both ends of the cylindrical outer cylinder toward the central part. A slope is formed, the inner ends of this conical inner slope are connected by an inner cylinder, a cylindrical core is fixed to the center of the inner cylinder, and the space between the outer peripheral surface of this cylindrical core and the inner peripheral surface of the previous inner cylinder Is formed as a reduced annular flow channel, and a fluid collecting speed-increasing cylinder is provided on both end faces of the cylindrical core, with a concentrating cone for collecting fluid in the reduced annular flow channel with the outside as a vertex.   It is installed in the fluid along the flow of the fluid, and the inclined inner peripheral surface is narrowed while concentrating the inner peripheral surface from the peripheral edge of both ends of the cylindrical outer cylinder toward the central part. A slope is formed, the inner ends of this conical inner slope are connected by an inner cylinder, a cylindrical core is fixed to the center of the inner cylinder, and the space between the outer peripheral surface of this cylindrical core and the inner peripheral surface of the previous inner cylinder Is formed as a reduced annular channel, and both ends of the cylindrical core are provided with current collecting cones that collect the fluid in the reduced annular channel, with the outer side being the apex. A fluid power generation apparatus in which a bidirectional flow-compatible turbine that rotates in the same direction even when the flow direction is reversed is mounted, and a generator that operates in response to the rotation of the turbine is provided in the cylindrical core.

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