JP3209591B2 - Water disintegrable nonwoven laminate - Google Patents
Water disintegrable nonwoven laminateInfo
- Publication number
- JP3209591B2 JP3209591B2 JP31297992A JP31297992A JP3209591B2 JP 3209591 B2 JP3209591 B2 JP 3209591B2 JP 31297992 A JP31297992 A JP 31297992A JP 31297992 A JP31297992 A JP 31297992A JP 3209591 B2 JP3209591 B2 JP 3209591B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- polyvinyl alcohol
- polyester
- film
- sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、水崩壊性不織布を用い
た積層物に関し、更に詳しくは、生理用品、紙おむつ等
の衛生用品の、使用時における限定された量の水または
水溶液との接触においては、溶解による前記素材の破壊
および裏面への浸透現象がなく、吸収能力以上の量の水
中においては、崩壊して放流可能な状態となる水崩壊性
不織布積層物に関する。更に、使用済み後の廃棄物処理
方法としては前記した下水中への放流処理の外に、地中
での埋没による微生物の分解法、または、天然の繊維と
殆ど同じ４０００〜５０００ｋｃａｌの低い燃焼カロリ
ーであることから、既存の焼却炉による焼却法が可能で
ある。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention is, using a water-disintegrating non-woven cloth
For the laminated product, more specifically, sanitary products such as sanitary products, disposable diapers, in contact with a limited amount of water or aqueous solution at the time of use, there is no phenomenon of destruction of the material due to dissolution and penetration into the back surface. The present invention relates to a water-disintegrable nonwoven fabric laminate that disintegrates and can be discharged in water having an absorption capacity or more. Furthermore, in addition to the above-mentioned sewage discharge treatment, the waste disposal method after use is a method of decomposing microorganisms by burial in the ground, or a low burning calorie of 4000 to 5000 kcal which is almost the same as natural fiber. Therefore, an incineration method using an existing incinerator is possible.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、使用時の限定された量の水との接
触では、素材の溶解による製品の構造破壊を生ずること
なく、商品としての機能を有し、吸収能力以上の量の水
中においては崩壊して放流可能となり、更に量的に多い
成分の微生物による生分解も可能となるポリマー・シス
テムは存在しなかった。従って、生理用品，紙おむつ等
の衛生用品の基本となる共通の構造は、 （１）表面の保護と皮膚接触面の乾燥状態維持のための
ポリエチレン製ネット。 （２）水分または血液等の吸収のための吸収層。 （３）衣服への浸透を防止するためのポリエチレン製フ
ィルム。 の３層からなり、特にポリエチレン製ネット，フィルム
は崩壊しないので、前記衛生用品全体が排泄物を吸収し
た非常に不潔な状態で、一般の家庭ゴミと共に運搬，処
理されている状態で、特に運搬時、包装袋の破裂による
排泄物の飛散は、作業員に対する衛生上の問題ともな
り、社会的関心をひき始めた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in contact with a limited amount of water at the time of use, the product has a function as a product without causing structural destruction of the product due to dissolution of the material. There was no polymer system that could be disintegrated and released, and also biodegraded by more microbial components. Therefore, the common structure that is the basis of sanitary products such as sanitary products and disposable diapers is as follows: (1) A polyethylene net for protecting the surface and maintaining the dry state of the skin contact surface. (2) An absorption layer for absorbing water or blood. (3) A polyethylene film for preventing penetration into clothes. In particular, since the polyethylene net and film do not collapse, the entire sanitary article is transported and treated with general household waste in a very dirty state in which excrement has been absorbed, especially transported. At times, the scattering of excrement due to the rupture of the packaging bag became a hygiene problem for workers and began to attract public interest.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記したように、従
来、市販されている生理用品，紙おむつ等の衛生用品
は、それらの使用状況から要求される機能を満足させる
ために、既存の構造をとっているものであるが、この要
因は、前記したような条件を満足させるポリマー・シス
テムが見出されていなかったからである。従って本発明
は、前記した生理用品，紙おむつ等の衛生用品としての
機能を満足し、同時に廃棄処理の問題を解決し、最終的
には大部分の成分が微生物で生分解され、下水処理場
で、処理可能な水崩壊性不織布およびその積層物を提供
することを目的とする。As described above, conventionally available sanitary products such as sanitary products and disposable diapers have an existing structure in order to satisfy the functions required according to their usage. This is because no polymer system has been found that satisfies the conditions described above. Therefore, the present invention satisfies the above-mentioned functions as sanitary products such as sanitary products and disposable diapers, and at the same time, solves the problem of disposal treatment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water-disintegrable nonwoven fabric which can be treated and a laminate thereof.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に従えば、ポリエ
ステルまたはポリオレフィン繊維シートに、実質的に全
面に小孔を有するポリビニルアルコール・フィルムを接
着させてなる水崩壊性不織布と、実質的に全面に小孔を
有しない連続した平面を有するポリビニルアルコール・
フィルムをポリエステルまたはポリオレフィン繊維シー
トに接着させてなる水崩壊性不織布との間に、高吸水性
ポリマーを含有するパルプ繊維シートを積層してなる水
崩壊性不織布積層物が提供される。 According to the present invention, in order to solve the problems], a polyester or polyolefin fiber sheet, substantially water disintegratable nonwoven fabric made by bonding the polyvinyl alcohol film having a small hole on the entire surface, substantially the entire surface Polyvinyl alcohol having a continuous flat surface with no small holes
Water formed by laminating a pulp fiber sheet containing a superabsorbent polymer between a film and a water-disintegrating nonwoven fabric obtained by bonding a film to a polyester or polyolefin fiber sheet.
A collapsible nonwoven laminate is provided.
【０００５】本発明の第一の態様に従えば、鹸化度８０
〜８８％、平均重合度５００〜１０００のポリビニルア
ルコールをＴ−ダイ方式で厚さ５０〜１００ミクロンの
フィルムを調製し、更に全面に直径１〜３ｍｍの小孔を
加工したフィルムをポリエステルまたはポリオレフィン
繊維シートに加熱、接着させることにより、水および水
溶液を容易に透過する水崩壊性のポリエステルまたはポ
リオレフィン繊維不織布を得、別途実質的に小孔を有し
ないポリビニルアルコール・フィルムを、ポリ エステル
またはポリオレフィン繊維シートに加熱、接着してなる
水崩壊性不織布を得、ポリビニルアルコール・フィルム
の面を内側にして両水崩壊性不織布を重ね合わせ、その
中間に、高吸水性ポリマーを含有するパルプ繊維シート
を挿入して、周辺を加熱，加圧して接着させることによ
り、既存の生理帯，紙おむつの機能を有し、しかも、使
用後トイレットの水中に投入してスラリー状に崩壊し、
放流可能となる水崩壊性不織布積層物を得ることができ
る。本発明で用いられる両不織布は、水および水溶液を
容易に透過し、しかもポリエステルまたはポリオレフィ
ン繊維の有する撥水性のために、水および水溶液との接
触においても乾燥した状態が得られる。即ち、既存の紙
おむつ使用の時は、紙おむつ自体で大便を包み、それを
一般の家庭ゴミと一緒に運搬，処理するという、極めて
非衛生的な廃棄処理方法がとられているが、本発明によ
って得られる水崩壊性不織布積層物を使用する時は、小
便は容易に透過して紙おむつに吸収されるが、大便はラ
イナーとして使用した上記の薄い水崩壊性不織布上に残
るので、包んでトイレットの水中に投入すれば、全体が
スラリー状となり、放流可能となる。According to a first aspect of the present invention, a saponification degree of 80
Polyvinyl alcohol having an average polymerization degree of 500 to 1000% and a film having a thickness of 50 to 100 microns is prepared by a T-die method, and a film having a small hole having a diameter of 1 to 3 mm is formed on a polyester or polyolefin fiber. By heating and adhering to the sheet, a water-disintegrable polyester or polyolefin fiber nonwoven fabric that easily permeates water and aqueous solution is obtained , and has a substantially small hole separately.
Without polyvinyl alcohol film, poly ester
Or by heating and bonding to a polyolefin fiber sheet
Water-disintegrable non-woven fabric, polyvinyl alcohol film
The surface in the inner overlay both the water disintegratable non-woven fabric, its in
Pulp fiber sheet containing superabsorbent polymer in the middle
And heat and pressurize the periphery to adhere.
It has the function of existing menstrual belt and disposable diaper,
After use, it is poured into the toilet water and disintegrates into a slurry,
It is possible to obtain a water-disintegrable nonwoven laminate that can be released
You. Both nonwoven fabrics used in the present invention easily permeate water and an aqueous solution, and because of the water repellency of polyester or polyolefin fibers, a dry state can be obtained even in contact with water and an aqueous solution. That is, when an existing disposable diaper is used, an extremely unsanitary disposal method is adopted in which the stool is wrapped in the disposable diaper itself and transported and treated together with general household waste. When using the resulting water-disintegrable nonwoven laminate, urine easily penetrates and is absorbed by the disposable diaper, but stool remains on the thin water-disintegrable nonwoven used as a liner, so wrap it and use it as a toilet. When put into water, the whole becomes a slurry and can be discharged.
【０００６】本発明の積層物は、小孔を有するポリビニ
ルアルコール・フィルムの不織布の面が水分の吸収、透
過の効果を有し、小孔を有しないポリビニルアルコール
・フィルムの不織布の面が、防漏性の効果を示し、しか
も、ポリビニルアルコール・フィルム自体が積層物の接
着剤となり得るものである。In the laminate of the present invention, the non-woven fabric surface of a polyvinyl alcohol film having small pores has an effect of absorbing and transmitting moisture, and the non-woven fabric surface of a polyvinyl alcohol film having no small pores has a protective effect. It exhibits a leaky effect, and the polyvinyl alcohol film itself can be an adhesive for the laminate.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】次に実施例で本発明を具体的に説明するが、
本発明をこれらの実施例に限定するものでないことはい
うまでもない。Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples.
It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to these examples.
【０００８】製造例１ 鹸化度８８％、平均重合度５００のポリビニルアルコー
ル１００重量部、平均分子量４００のポリエチレングリ
コール１５重量部の混合物を加熱、溶融してＴ−ダイ方
式により厚さ５０ミクロンのフィルムを得た。このフィ
ルムの全面に、直径約２ｍｍの小孔を５ｍｍの間隔であ
けて、目付５０ｇ／ｍ2 のポリエステル繊維シートに加
熱，接着させて水分透過性の優れた水崩壊性不織布を得
た。製造例１の不織布の構造を図１に示す。 Production Example 1 A mixture of 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 88% and an average degree of polymerization of 500, and 15 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 400 was heated and melted, and a film having a thickness of 50 μm was obtained by a T-die method. I got A small hole having a diameter of about 2 mm was formed on the entire surface of the film at intervals of 5 mm, and heated and adhered to a polyester fiber sheet having a basis weight of 50 g / m 2 to obtain a water-disintegrable nonwoven fabric having excellent moisture permeability. FIG. 1 shows the structure of the nonwoven fabric of Production Example 1 .
【０００９】実施例１ 製造例１ に示した、実質的に全面に小孔を有するポリビ
ニルアルコール・フィルムを加熱、接着させた水崩壊性
不織布、高吸水性ポリマーを含有するパルプ繊維シー
ト、および小孔を有しない連続した平面を有するポリビ
ニルアルコール・フィルムを加熱、接着させた水崩壊性
不織布を図２のように重ねて、周辺を加熱、接着させて
切断する。このような操作により、生理帯、紙おむつを
調製した。このような積層構造を有する生理帯、紙おむ
つは、既存の商品と同じような機能を有し、トイレット
の水中に投入する時は、繊維のスラリー状に崩壊して放
流可能の状態を示した。血液、小便等の液体は図２に示
した（２）のポリビニルアルコール・フィルムの小孔を
通して、急速に（３）のパルプ繊維シートに吸収され、
（４）のポリビニルアルコール・フィルムの溶解を防
ぎ、完全な防漏性を示した。液体の吸収速度が大で、表
面が疎水性の繊維であるため、使用中、表面を乾燥状態
に保つことが可能である。[0009] shown in Example 1 Production Example 1, substantially heat the polyvinyl alcohol film having a small hole on the entire surface, bonded allowed water disintegratable non-woven fabric, pulp fiber sheet containing superabsorbent polymer, and a small A water-disintegrable nonwoven fabric obtained by heating and bonding a polyvinyl alcohol film having a continuous flat surface having no holes is laminated as shown in FIG. 2, and the periphery is heated and bonded to cut. By these operations, a sanitary band and a disposable diaper were prepared. The sanitary band and the disposable diaper having such a laminated structure had the same function as existing products, and when put into the water of a toilet, they collapsed into a slurry of fibers and showed a state in which they could be released. Liquids such as blood and urine are rapidly absorbed by the pulp fiber sheet of (3) through the pores of the polyvinyl alcohol film of (2) shown in FIG.
The polyvinyl alcohol film of (4) was prevented from dissolving, exhibiting complete leakproofness. Since the liquid absorption rate is high and the surface is made of hydrophobic fibers, the surface can be kept dry during use.
【図１】本発明で用いる、ポリエステルまたはポリオレ
フィン繊維シートに、実質的に全面に小孔を有するポリ
ビニルアルコール・フィルムを接着させてなる水崩壊性
不織布の断面図である。FIG. 1 shows a polyester or polyole used in the present invention .
The fin fiber sheet is made of poly
It is sectional drawing of the water disintegrable nonwoven fabric which adhere | attached a vinyl alcohol film .
【図２】本発明の積層物の断面図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a laminate of the present invention .
１，５−ポリエステル又はポリオレフィン繊維シート ２−小孔を全面に有するポリビニルアルコール・フィル
ム ３−高吸水性ポリマーを含有するパルプ繊維シート ４−ポリビニルアルコール・フィルム1,5-polyester or polyolefin fiber sheet 2-polyvinyl alcohol film having pores on the entire surface 3-pulp fiber sheet containing superabsorbent polymer 4-polyvinyl alcohol film
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き 審査官 平井 裕彰 (56)参考文献 特開 平３−162956（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平１−160550（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭59−125973（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B32B 1/00 - 35/00 D04H 1/00 - 18/00 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing from the front page Examiner Hiroaki Hirai (56) References JP-A-3-162295 (JP, A) JP-A 1-160550 (JP, A) JP-A-59-125973 (JP, A) ( 58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) B32B 1/00-35/00 D04H 1/00-18/00
Claims (1)
シートに実質的に全面に小孔を有するポリビニルアルコPolyvinyl alcohol having pores on substantially the entire surface of the sheet
ール・フィルムを接着させてなるシートと、And a sheet made of adhesive film ポリエステルまたはポリオレフィン繊維シートに実質的Substantially on polyester or polyolefin fiber sheets
に小孔を有しないポリビニルアルコール・フィルムを接To a non-porous polyvinyl alcohol film
着させてなるシートとの間に、Between the sheet to be worn 高吸水性ポリマーを含有するパルプ繊維シートを積層Laminated pulp fiber sheet containing superabsorbent polymer
し、周辺を接着してなることを特徴とする水崩壊性不織Water-disintegratable non-woven, characterized by being adhered to the periphery
布積層物。Cloth laminate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31297992A JP3209591B2 (en) | 1992-10-28 | 1992-10-28 | Water disintegrable nonwoven laminate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31297992A JP3209591B2 (en) | 1992-10-28 | 1992-10-28 | Water disintegrable nonwoven laminate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06134910A JPH06134910A (en) | 1994-05-17 |
| JP3209591B2 true JP3209591B2 (en) | 2001-09-17 |
Family
ID=18035782
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31297992A Expired - Lifetime JP3209591B2 (en) | 1992-10-28 | 1992-10-28 | Water disintegrable nonwoven laminate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3209591B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107249535A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2017-10-13 | 宝洁公司 | Band pattern melt hole web, lamilate, and preparation method thereof |
| US11213436B2 (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2022-01-04 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Substrates having repeating patterns of apertures for absorbent articles |
| KR102415020B1 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2022-07-01 | 주식회사 이지트로닉스 | Power semiconductor mounting structure |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5985396A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-11-16 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Flushable release liners and methods of making the same |
| US5981012A (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-11-09 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Flushable release liner comprising a release coating on a water-sensitive film |
| JP4094721B2 (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 2008-06-04 | 株式会社日本吸収体技術研究所 | Disposable diapers |
| JP4644344B2 (en) * | 1999-10-04 | 2011-03-02 | フェリック株式会社 | Breathable sheet and heating element structure using the same |
| JP2001190597A (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2001-07-17 | Uni Charm Corp | Hydrolyzable absorbent article |
| DE10205828A1 (en) | 2002-02-13 | 2003-08-21 | Corovin Gmbh | Composite with an absorbent layer |
| JP2005291658A (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-10-20 | Gas & Power Investment:Kk | Method of preventing scattering of liquid droplet, forcible draft cooling tower, and method and device of measuring scattering quantity of liquid droplet |
| EP1897901B1 (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2015-03-11 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Biodegradable polymer, production method thereof, molded product thereof, and use thereof |
| JP6834078B2 (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2021-02-24 | 日本製紙クレシア株式会社 | Absorbent article |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59125973A (en) * | 1982-09-21 | 1984-07-20 | 株式会社クラレ | Nonwoven fabric good in water absorbability and water holdability and production thereof |
| JP2583084B2 (en) * | 1987-12-17 | 1997-02-19 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | Waste container |
| JP2976344B2 (en) * | 1989-08-29 | 1999-11-10 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Substrate having resin coating layer |
-
1992
- 1992-10-28 JP JP31297992A patent/JP3209591B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107249535A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2017-10-13 | 宝洁公司 | Band pattern melt hole web, lamilate, and preparation method thereof |
| CN107249535B (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2021-01-15 | 宝洁公司 | Belt-shaped patterned apertured webs, laminates, and methods of making the same |
| US11135103B2 (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2021-10-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Apertured webs and methods for making the same |
| US11324645B2 (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2022-05-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Garment-facing laminates and methods for making the same |
| US11633311B2 (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2023-04-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Patterned apertured webs |
| US11766367B2 (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2023-09-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Patterned apertured webs |
| US11813150B2 (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2023-11-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Patterned apertured webs |
| US11998431B2 (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2024-06-04 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Patterned apertured webs |
| US11213436B2 (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2022-01-04 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Substrates having repeating patterns of apertures for absorbent articles |
| KR102415020B1 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2022-07-01 | 주식회사 이지트로닉스 | Power semiconductor mounting structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06134910A (en) | 1994-05-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5830201A (en) | Flushable diaper and method | |
| US5681299A (en) | Disposable article | |
| JP3209591B2 (en) | Water disintegrable nonwoven laminate | |
| JP2622391B2 (en) | Laminated articles | |
| US3575173A (en) | Flushable disposable absorbent products | |
| KR100353583B1 (en) | Water Washable Film | |
| JP2003033381A (en) | Sheetlike absorption body and absorption body product using the same | |
| RU93051792A (en) | MULTI-LAYER ABSORBING CORE AND USING ITS ABSORBING PRODUCT | |
| JP2001190590A (en) | Hydrolyzable absorbent article | |
| RU99122523A (en) | NONWOVEN MATERIAL COVERED BY PERMEABLE FIBROUS FILM | |
| KR970706775A (en) | BREATHABLE BACKSHEET DESIGN FOR DISPOSALBE ABSORBENT ARTICLES FOR DISPOSABLE ABSORBENT PRODUCTS | |
| JP2001190597A (en) | Hydrolyzable absorbent article | |
| US6642430B1 (en) | Method for applying a foamable movement obstruction agent to an absorbent member | |
| WO1992002199A1 (en) | Disposable composite materials | |
| US6616787B2 (en) | Water-decomposable absorbent article and method for producing it | |
| JP2001190596A (en) | Hydrolyzable absorbent article | |
| JP3209590B2 (en) | Water disintegrable nonwoven laminate | |
| JP2008525148A (en) | Pants-type absorbent article | |
| JP4904089B2 (en) | Absorbent article and manufacturing method thereof | |
| JP3141078B2 (en) | Water disintegrable nonwoven fabric and laminate thereof | |
| KR20050002665A (en) | Absorbent article including in situ cover | |
| JP3292264B2 (en) | Sheet-shaped composite absorber | |
| JPH0880318A (en) | Liquid absorbent sheet | |
| JP3387210B2 (en) | Water disintegrable sheet and sanitary material using the same | |
| JP2013013427A (en) | Sanitary napkin for runny nose absorption |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313117 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080713 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080713 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090713 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090713 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100713 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110713 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110713 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120713 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120713 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130713 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term | ||
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130713 Year of fee payment: 12 |