JP3209023B2 - Door hook structure of vehicle door glass - Google Patents
Door hook structure of vehicle door glassInfo
- Publication number
- JP3209023B2 JP3209023B2 JP00371395A JP371395A JP3209023B2 JP 3209023 B2 JP3209023 B2 JP 3209023B2 JP 00371395 A JP00371395 A JP 00371395A JP 371395 A JP371395 A JP 371395A JP 3209023 B2 JP3209023 B2 JP 3209023B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- door
- door glass
- receiving surface
- glass
- mounting hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は車両用ドアガラスのド
アフック構造に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a door hook structure for a vehicle door glass.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の車両用ドアガラスのドアフック構
造としては、例えば図４〜図６に示すようなものが知ら
れている（類似技術として、実開平３−８３１０９号公
報参照。2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional door hook structure for a vehicle door glass, for example, the one shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 is known (for a similar technique, see Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-83109).
【０００３】１はフロントドアで、ハードトップ車のサ
ッシュレスタイプのものである。このフロントドア１
は、ドアアウタパネル２とドアインナパネル３とから成
るドア本体内に、ドアガラス４を昇降自在に備えた構造
をしている。ドアアウタパネル２の上端部には内側から
レインフォース５が接合されており、その接合フランジ
部にはドアガラス４の外面に当接するウエザストリップ
６とスタビライザ７が設けられている。[0003] Reference numeral 1 denotes a front door, which is a sashless type hard-top car. This front door 1
Has a structure in which a door glass 4 is provided to be able to move up and down in a door body composed of a door outer panel 2 and a door inner panel 3. A reinforcement 5 is joined to the upper end of the door outer panel 2 from the inside, and a weather strip 6 and a stabilizer 7 that are in contact with the outer surface of the door glass 4 are provided at the joint flange.
【０００４】また、ドアインナパネル３の上端部にもレ
インフォース８が接合されているが、このレインフォー
ス８の上部は部分的に切除されており、その切除された
部分のドアインナパネル３にブラケット９が取付けられ
ている。このブラケット９の先端部９ａはドアガラス４
に沿った状態で下向きに曲折形成されている。そして、
この先端部９ａにはドアガラス４の内面に当接するスタ
ビライザ１０が設けられている。また、このブラケット
９には支持部材１１も重合状態で取付けられている。こ
の支持部材１１の先端部１１ａは、ブラケット９の先端
部９ａと所定の間隔を隔てた状態で、該先端部９ａと同
様に下向きに曲折形成されている。A reinforce 8 is also joined to the upper end of the door inner panel 3, but the upper portion of the reinforce 8 is partially cut off, and the cut portion is added to the door inner panel 3. A bracket 9 is mounted. The tip 9a of the bracket 9 is the door glass 4
Is bent downward in a state along the line. And
The front end 9a is provided with a stabilizer 10 which comes into contact with the inner surface of the door glass 4. A support member 11 is also mounted on the bracket 9 in a superposed state. The distal end portion 11a of the support member 11 is bent downward similarly to the distal end portion 9a with a predetermined distance from the distal end portion 9a of the bracket 9.
【０００５】ドアガラス４は上下方向において所定の曲
率Ｒ1 で内側へ湾曲しており、該ドアガラス４は図示せ
ぬレギュレータ装置により該曲率Ｒ1 に略相応した昇降
軌跡に沿って上下動するようになっている。ドアガラス
４の最下端部には、先端にローラ１２を有する支持軸１
３が取付けられている。該支持軸１３のローラ１２を断
面概略Ｃ形のレール１４内へ上下摺動自在に係合させる
ことにより、該ドアガラス４の下端部がガイドされ、ま
たその上方部位のドアガラス４が内外一対のスタビライ
ザ７、１０で摺動自在に挟持されることにより、該ドア
ガラス４の姿勢が決められる。[0005] The door glass 4 is curved inward at a predetermined curvature R 1 in the vertical direction, and the door glass 4 is moved up and down by a regulator device (not shown) along an ascending and descending locus substantially corresponding to the curvature R 1. It has become. At the lowermost end of the door glass 4, a support shaft 1 having a roller 12 at its tip
3 are attached. The lower end of the door glass 4 is guided by slidingly engaging the roller 12 of the support shaft 13 into a rail 14 having a substantially C-shaped cross section. Of the door glass 4 is determined by being slidably held between the stabilizers 7 and 10.
【０００６】また、ドアガラス４の内面の支持軸１３よ
りも上側部位にはドアフック１５が取付けられている。
このドアフック１５の上端１５ａはドアガラス４から離
間した曲折形状をしており、ドアガラス４の上昇時には
この上端１５ａが前記ブラケット９に係合して、ドアガ
ラス４の上昇限位置を決定するようになっている。支持
部材１１はドアフック１５の上端１５ａがブラケット９
へ確実に係合するためのガイドとしての役目をする。[0006] A door hook 15 is mounted on the inner surface of the door glass 4 above the support shaft 13.
The upper end 15a of the door hook 15 has a bent shape separated from the door glass 4, and when the door glass 4 is raised, the upper end 15a engages with the bracket 9 to determine the uppermost position of the door glass 4. It has become. The upper end 15a of the door hook 15 is supported by the bracket 9
It serves as a guide for reliable engagement.
【０００７】ドアフック１５はボルト１６とナットプレ
ート１７によりドアガラス４に対して取付けられてい
る。すなわち、ドアガラス４及びドアフック１５には各
々取付孔１８、１９が形成されており、該取付孔１８、
１９の内側から挿通したボルト１６のネジ部を他側にあ
るナットプレート１７へ螺合させることにより、ドアフ
ック１５をドアガラス４に取付けている。The door hook 15 is attached to the door glass 4 by bolts 16 and nut plates 17. That is, mounting holes 18 and 19 are formed in the door glass 4 and the door hook 15, respectively.
The door hook 15 is attached to the door glass 4 by screwing a screw portion of a bolt 16 inserted from inside 19 into a nut plate 17 on the other side.
【０００８】ドアフック１５のドアガラス４に対する取
付面２０の上下方向での曲率Ｒ0 は「０」、すなわち平
面状になっている。そして、この取付面２０とドアガラ
ス４の内面との間には接着剤２１（図中、ドット表示部
分）も介在してある。ドアフック１５の取付面２０の周
縁部には、その接着剤２１の漏出をなるべく抑制するた
めのダム部２２が連続的に凸設されている。ドアガラス
４の取付孔１８はドアフック１５の取付孔１９よりも大
径のため、接着剤２１は取付孔１８よりも外側部位にの
み施される（図６参照）。The vertical curvature R 0 of the mounting surface 20 of the door hook 15 with respect to the door glass 4 is “0”, that is, a flat shape. Further, an adhesive 21 (indicated by a dot in the figure) is also interposed between the mounting surface 20 and the inner surface of the door glass 4. A dam portion 22 for continuously suppressing the leakage of the adhesive 21 is provided continuously on the periphery of the mounting surface 20 of the door hook 15. Since the mounting hole 18 of the door glass 4 is larger in diameter than the mounting hole 19 of the door hook 15, the adhesive 21 is applied only to a portion outside the mounting hole 18 (see FIG. 6).
【０００９】また、ドアフック１５の取付面２０におけ
る取付孔１９の周囲には小径で円柱ピン形状の受面部２
３が４本形成されている。この受面部２３は取付孔１９
の四方に形成されているもので、ドアガラス４の取付孔
１８の面取縁部１８ａよりも若干外側に位置している。
ボルト１６を締めた際に、ドアフック１５の中央部が撓
んで受面部２３がドアガラス４に当接し、該ボルト１９
の締付力をドアガラス４に確実に及ぼすようになってい
る。A small-diameter cylindrical pin-shaped receiving surface 2 is provided around the mounting hole 19 in the mounting surface 20 of the door hook 15.
4 are formed. The receiving surface 23 is provided with the mounting hole 19.
And is located slightly outside the chamfered edge 18a of the mounting hole 18 of the door glass 4.
When the bolt 16 is tightened, the central portion of the door hook 15 bends and the receiving surface portion 23 comes into contact with the door glass 4 and the bolt 19
Is reliably applied to the door glass 4.
【００１０】尚、以上で説明したスタビライザ７、１
０、ブラケット９、ドアフック１５等は前後一対で設け
られているものであるが、前後のものが略同様の構造な
ので、一方側だけを代表して図示した。The stabilizers 7, 1 described above are used.
The bracket 0, the bracket 9, the door hook 15 and the like are provided in a pair of front and rear. However, since the front and rear have substantially the same structure, only one side is shown as a representative.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うな従来の技術にあっては、ドアガラス４の内面が所定
の曲率Ｒ1 で湾曲しているのに対し、ドアフック１５の
取付面２０の曲率Ｒ0 が「０」であり、曲率Ｒ1 ＞曲率
Ｒ0 の関係になっているため、ボルト１６を締付けて、
受面部２３をドアガラス４に当接させると、ダム部２２
の上辺部２２ａ及び下辺部２２ｃが側辺部２２ｂよりも
強くドアガラス４に当接した状態となる。すなわち、ボ
ルト１６を締付けると、ドアフック１５の取付孔１９部
分が外側へ撓み、ダム部２２の全てがドアガラス４に当
接するが、ダム部２２の側辺部２２ｂがボルト１６の締
付力だけで当接するのに対し、上辺部２２ａ及び下辺部
２２ｃはボルト１６の締付力にドアフック１５の撓み反
力が加わった大きな力で当接することになる。従って、
この上辺部２２ａ及び下辺部２２ｃから、取付孔１８の
上下位置にそれぞれ応力が集中することになるため、ド
アガラス４の取付孔１８よりも下側部分が取付孔１８か
ら破損するおそれがある。そのための対策として、ドア
ガラス４を特別に破損しにくい高強度のガラス材で形成
する必要があり、ドアガラス４の成形性及びコストの面
で不利である。[SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, in such a conventional art, while the inner surface of the door glass 4 is curved at a predetermined curvature R 1, the curvature of the mounting surface 20 of the door hook 15 Since R 0 is “0” and the relationship of curvature R 1 > curvature R 0 is satisfied, the bolt 16 is tightened.
When the receiving surface 23 is brought into contact with the door glass 4, the dam 22
The upper side portion 22a and the lower side portion 22c are in contact with the door glass 4 more strongly than the side portions 22b. That is, when the bolt 16 is tightened, the mounting hole 19 of the door hook 15 bends outward and all of the dam portion 22 comes into contact with the door glass 4, but the side portion 22 b of the dam portion 22 has only the tightening force of the bolt 16. On the other hand, the upper side portion 22a and the lower side portion 22c come into contact with each other with a large force obtained by adding the tightening force of the bolt 16 to the bending reaction force of the door hook 15. Therefore,
Since stress concentrates on the upper side portion 22a and the lower side portion 22c at the upper and lower positions of the mounting hole 18, a portion of the door glass 4 below the mounting hole 18 may be damaged from the mounting hole 18. As a countermeasure for this, the door glass 4 needs to be formed of a high-strength glass material that is not easily broken, which is disadvantageous in terms of formability and cost of the door glass 4.
【００１２】また、車両衝突時等に車室内Ａで図示せぬ
「エアバッグ」が展開・膨張した場合には、大量のガス
が車室内Ａに噴出されるため、車室内Ａの内圧Ｆが一時
的に高まり、ドアガラス４がその内圧Ｆにより車外Ｂ側
へ押される。ドアガラス４が車外Ｂ側へ押されても、外
側のスタビライザ７がドアガラス４の外面を当接支持し
ていると共に、ドアフック１５の上端１５ａがブラケッ
ト９の先端部９ａに係合しているため、ドアガラス４は
僅かしか車外Ｂ側へ変位しない。しかし、僅かでもドア
ガラス４が車外Ｂ側へ変位すると、ドアフック１５の上
端１５ａがブラケット９の先端部９ａに係合しているこ
とから、テコの原理で、ダム部２２の下辺部２２ｃは大
きな反力ｆでドアガラス４の内面に押付けられるため
（図５参照）、この点においてもドアガラス４の破損を
招くおそれがある。従って、前記と同様の対策を行う必
要がある。When an unillustrated "airbag" is deployed and inflated in the vehicle interior A at the time of a vehicle collision or the like, a large amount of gas is blown into the vehicle interior A. It temporarily rises, and the door glass 4 is pushed to the outside B side by the internal pressure F. Even if the door glass 4 is pushed to the outside B side, the outer stabilizer 7 is in contact with and supports the outer surface of the door glass 4, and the upper end 15 a of the door hook 15 is engaged with the tip 9 a of the bracket 9. Therefore, the door glass 4 is slightly displaced to the outside B side. However, even if the door glass 4 is slightly displaced to the outside B side, the upper end 15a of the door hook 15 is engaged with the front end 9a of the bracket 9, so that the lower side 22c of the dam 22 is large by leverage. Since it is pressed against the inner surface of the door glass 4 by the reaction force f (see FIG. 5), there is a possibility that the door glass 4 may be damaged in this point as well. Therefore, it is necessary to take the same measures as described above.
【００１３】更に、ダム部２２の下辺部２２ｃが反力ｆ
によりドアガラス４に押付けられる際に、下側の受面部
２３もドアガラス４に押付けられるが、受面部２３がド
アガラス４の取付孔１８の面取縁部１８ａに近い位置に
形成されているため、ドアガラス４の取付孔１８の周縁
部に局部的な応力集中を起こし、取付孔１８から破損を
招くおそれもある。Further, the lower side 22c of the dam portion 22 has a reaction force f.
When pressed against the door glass 4, the lower receiving surface 23 is also pressed against the door glass 4, but the receiving surface 23 is formed at a position close to the chamfered edge 18 a of the mounting hole 18 of the door glass 4. For this reason, local stress concentration may occur at the peripheral portion of the mounting hole 18 of the door glass 4, which may cause damage from the mounting hole 18.
【００１４】加えて、受面部２３が小径の円柱ピン形状
のため、ドアフック１５の取付面２０に接着剤２１を塗
布する場合に、受面部２３を目安として利用しづらい。
つまり、接着剤２１はダム部２２や受面部２３の高さ相
当分だけ取付面２０上に塗布するが、受面部２３が小径
で頂面の面積が狭いため、塗布した接着剤２１の表面と
この受面部２３の頂面との高低差を識別しづらく、誤っ
て接着剤２１を多めに塗布してしまうおそれがある。接
着剤２１を多めに塗布すると、受面部２３が接着剤２１
内に埋まってしまい、ドアフック１５をドアガラス４に
取付けた際に、受面部２３とドアガラス４との間に接着
剤２１が介在し、ボルト１６の締付力をドアガラス４へ
確実に伝達できなくなる。そのために、接着剤２１の塗
布作業を時間をかけて慎重に行う必要があり、接着剤２
１の塗布作業の能率が低下している。In addition, since the receiving surface portion 23 has a small diameter cylindrical pin shape, it is difficult to use the receiving surface portion 23 as a guide when the adhesive 21 is applied to the mounting surface 20 of the door hook 15.
That is, the adhesive 21 is applied to the mounting surface 20 by an amount corresponding to the height of the dam portion 22 and the receiving surface portion 23. However, since the receiving surface portion 23 has a small diameter and a small top surface area, the surface of the applied adhesive 21 It is difficult to distinguish the height difference from the top surface of the receiving surface portion 23, and there is a possibility that the adhesive 21 may be applied excessively by mistake. If the adhesive 21 is applied more, the receiving surface portion 23
When the door hook 15 is attached to the door glass 4, the adhesive 21 is interposed between the receiving surface portion 23 and the door glass 4, and the tightening force of the bolt 16 is reliably transmitted to the door glass 4. become unable. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully apply the adhesive 21 over a long period of time.
The efficiency of the application operation 1 is reduced.
【００１５】更にまた、ドアフック１５のダム部２２に
おける上辺部２２ａと下辺部２２ｃが強力にドアガラス
４に対して当接し、ドアガラス４に対するドアフック１
５の取付角度が決められてしまうため、このドアフック
１５を昇降軌跡や姿勢の異なる別の「ドアガラス」に利
用することができない。つまり、このドアフック１５を
別の「ドアガラス」に取付けると、ドアフック１５自体
の取付角度が変化するため、ブラケット９との確実な係
合状態が得られなくなるからである。従って、昇降軌跡
や姿勢の異なる「ドアガラス」ごとに専用のドアフック
１５を用意しなればならず、部品点数の増加を招いてい
る。Further, the upper side 22a and the lower side 22c of the dam portion 22 of the door hook 15 come into strong contact with the door glass 4, and the door hook 1 with respect to the door glass 4
Since the mounting angle of the door hook 5 is determined, the door hook 15 cannot be used for another "door glass" having a different trajectory or posture. That is, if the door hook 15 is mounted on another “door glass”, the mounting angle of the door hook 15 itself changes, so that a reliable engagement state with the bracket 9 cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a dedicated door hook 15 for each of the “door glass” having different elevation trajectories and postures, resulting in an increase in the number of parts.
【００１６】この発明はこのような従来の技術に着目し
てなされたものであり、ドアガラスの破損を防止するこ
とができるドアフック構造を提供するものである。The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional technique, and provides a door hook structure which can prevent breakage of a door glass.
【００１７】[0017]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１記載の発明は、
ドアフックの取付面の上下方向曲率を、ドアガラスの上
下方向曲率以上に設定したものである。According to the first aspect of the present invention,
The vertical curvature of the mounting surface of the door hook is set to be equal to or greater than the vertical curvature of the door glass.
【００１８】請求項２記載の発明は、ドアフックの取付
面における取付孔の周辺に、所定の幅を有し且つ内径が
ドアガラスの取付孔の径以上である円弧形状の受面部を
凸設したものである。According to a second aspect of the present invention, an arc-shaped receiving surface portion having a predetermined width and an inner diameter equal to or larger than the diameter of the mounting hole of the door glass is provided protrudingly around the mounting hole in the mounting surface of the door hook. Things.
【００１９】請求項３記載の発明は、受面部に複数の切
欠部を形成したものである。According to a third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of notches are formed in the receiving surface.
【００２０】請求項４記載の発明は、切欠部にて区切ら
れた受面部のうち、取付孔の下側に位置する受面部をド
アガラスの取付孔から離反する方向へ変位させ、該下側
の受面部とドアガラスの取付孔との間に隙間を形成した
ものである。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, of the receiving surfaces divided by the notch, the receiving surface located below the mounting hole is displaced in a direction away from the mounting hole of the door glass, and And a gap is formed between the receiving surface of the door glass and the mounting hole of the door glass.
【００２１】[0021]
【作用】請求項１記載の発明によれば、ドアフックの取
付面の上下方向曲率を、ドアガラスの上下方向曲率以上
にしたので、ドアフックの取付面に凸設されているダム
部は、その側辺部の中央部付近が締付手段による締付力
でドアガラスに当接するだけで、従来のように上辺部と
下辺部だけが締付力より大きな力でドアガラスに押付け
られることはない。従って、締付手段によりドアフック
をドアガラスに取付ける際も、また車室内でエアバッグ
が膨張して内圧が高まった際も、ドアガラスが破損する
おそれはなく、ドアガラスを特別に高強度のガラス材で
形成する必要がない。According to the first aspect of the invention, the vertical curvature of the mounting surface of the door hook is made equal to or greater than the vertical curvature of the door glass. Only the vicinity of the center of the side portion comes into contact with the door glass with the tightening force of the tightening means, and only the upper side and the lower side are not pressed against the door glass with a force larger than the tightening force as in the related art. Therefore, even when the door hook is attached to the door glass by the fastening means, or when the internal pressure is increased due to the inflation of the airbag in the vehicle interior, there is no possibility that the door glass is broken, and the door glass is made of a special high-strength glass. It does not need to be formed of material.
【００２２】また、ドアフックはそのダム部の側辺部や
受面部の中央部付近がドアガラスに当接するだけなの
で、ドアフックのドアガラスに対する取付角度を任意に
設定することができる。設定された取付角度はドアフッ
クとドアガラスとの間に施された接着剤にて固定され
る。Further, since the door hook only comes into contact with the door glass at the side of the dam portion or near the center of the receiving surface, the mounting angle of the door hook with respect to the door glass can be set arbitrarily. The set mounting angle is fixed by an adhesive applied between the door hook and the door glass.
【００２３】請求項２記載の発明によれば、受面部が所
定の幅を有した円弧形状をしており、受面部が所定の面
積でドアガラスに対して面当たりするため、受面部がド
アガラスの取付孔内に入り込むことはなく、ドアガラス
の取付孔に局部的な応力集中を起こすことがない。ま
た、受面部の頂面が所定の面積をもったものであり、取
付面に塗布される接着剤の表面と受面部との高低差を確
認し易いため、ドアガラスに当接する受面部の中央部付
近における接着剤を正確な量で塗布することができ、受
面部の中央部を誤って接着剤で埋めてしまうようなこと
がない。According to the second aspect of the present invention, the receiving surface portion has an arc shape having a predetermined width, and the receiving surface portion comes into contact with the door glass with a predetermined area. It does not penetrate into the glass mounting hole and does not cause local stress concentration in the door glass mounting hole. Also, the top surface of the receiving surface has a predetermined area, and it is easy to confirm the height difference between the surface of the adhesive applied to the mounting surface and the receiving surface. The adhesive in the vicinity of the portion can be applied in an accurate amount, and the center of the receiving surface portion is not erroneously filled with the adhesive.
【００２４】請求項３記載の発明によれば、受面部に複
数の切欠部が形成されているため、受面部をドアガラス
の取付孔よりも大径の円弧形状とし、受面部とドアガラ
スの取付孔との間に隙間が形成されるような場合も、受
面部の外側に塗布された接着剤をこの切欠部から内側の
前記隙間部分へまわし込むことができ、接着剤の塗布作
業性が良い。According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of cutouts are formed in the receiving surface, the receiving surface is formed in an arc shape having a diameter larger than the mounting hole of the door glass, and the receiving surface and the door glass are formed. Even in the case where a gap is formed between the mounting hole and the mounting hole, the adhesive applied to the outside of the receiving surface portion can be fed from the cutout portion to the inside of the gap portion. good.
【００２５】請求項４記載の発明によれば、取付孔の下
側の受面部とドアガラスの取付孔との間に隙間が形成さ
れているため、車室内の内圧でドアガラスが外側へ押さ
れた際の反力により該下側部分の受面部がドアガラスに
押付けられた際において、該下側の受面部がドアガラス
の取付孔の周縁部に当接して局部的な応力集中が起きる
のを更に確実に防止できる。According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the clearance is formed between the receiving surface portion below the mounting hole and the mounting hole of the door glass, the door glass is pushed outward by the internal pressure in the vehicle interior. When the receiving surface of the lower portion is pressed against the door glass by the reaction force at the time of being performed, the lower receiving surface abuts on the peripheral portion of the mounting hole of the door glass and local stress concentration occurs. Can be more reliably prevented.
【００２６】[0026]
【実施例】以下、この発明の好適な実施例を図１〜図３
に基づいて説明する。尚、従来と共通する部分には同一
の符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS.
It will be described based on. In addition, the same reference numerals are given to portions common to the related art, and overlapping description will be omitted.
【００２７】この実施例におけるドアフック２４の取付
面２５は、ドアガラス４の内面の曲率Ｒ1 よりも大きな
曲率Ｒ2 で形成されている。つまり、曲率Ｒ1 ＜曲率Ｒ
2 の関係になっており、ドアフック２４の取付面２５の
方がドアガラス４よりも上下方向で湾曲した状態になっ
ている。そして、このドアフック２４の取付面２５に
は、取付孔１９を中心とした円弧形状で且つ所定の幅ｄ
を有した受面部２６ａ、２６ｂ、２６ｃが形成されてい
る（図２参照）。この受面部２６ａ、２６ｂ、２６ｃは
取付面２５の周縁のダム部２２に相応する高さを有して
いると共に、４つの切欠部２７により上下・前後に４分
割されている。上側の受面部２６ａと、前後の受面部２
６ｂは内径がドアガラス４の取付孔１８に略相応した円
弧形状に形成されているが、下側の受面部２６ｃだけは
取付孔１８から離反する方向（下側）へ変位しており、
取付孔１８との間に所定の隙間Ｓを確保されている。
尚、上側の受面部２６ａはダム部２２の上辺部２２ａと
連続した状態になっている。In this embodiment, the mounting surface 25 of the door hook 24 is formed with a curvature R 2 larger than the curvature R 1 of the inner surface of the door glass 4. That is, curvature R 1 <curvature R
2 , the mounting surface 25 of the door hook 24 is more vertically curved than the door glass 4. The mounting surface 25 of the door hook 24 has an arc shape centered on the mounting hole 19 and has a predetermined width d.
Are formed (see FIG. 2). The receiving surface portions 26a, 26b, 26c have a height corresponding to the dam portion 22 on the peripheral edge of the mounting surface 25 and are divided into four parts by four notches 27 in the vertical and vertical directions. Upper receiving surface 26a and front and rear receiving surfaces 2
6b is formed in an arc shape having an inner diameter substantially corresponding to the mounting hole 18 of the door glass 4, but only the lower receiving surface portion 26c is displaced in a direction away from the mounting hole 18 (downward).
A predetermined gap S is secured between the mounting hole 18 and the mounting hole 18.
The upper receiving surface 26a is continuous with the upper side 22a of the dam 22.
【００２８】この実施例のドアフック２４は以上のよう
な形状をしているため、以下に説明するような優位点が
ある。Since the door hook 24 of this embodiment has the above-mentioned shape, it has the following advantages.
【００２９】接着剤の塗布作業性： Adhesive application workability:
【００３０】ドアフック２４はドアガラス４に取付けら
れる前に、その取付面２５を上向きにした状態で接着剤
２１が塗布される。接着剤２１は、取付面２５における
ドアガラス４の取付孔１８に対応する部分以外の部位に
塗布される。接着剤２１は受面部２６ａ、２６ｂ、２６
ｃとダム部２２との間に注入し、それを取付面２５の必
要な部位に延ばしていく。下側の受面部２６ｃと、ドア
ガラス４の取付孔１８に相応する部分との間には、所定
の隙間Ｓが形成されているが、この隙間Ｓ部分にも下側
の２つの切欠部２７から接着剤２１を延ばしていくこと
ができ、接着剤２１の塗布作業が容易である。Before the door hook 24 is attached to the door glass 4, the adhesive 21 is applied with the attachment surface 25 facing upward. The adhesive 21 is applied to a portion of the mounting surface 25 other than the portion corresponding to the mounting hole 18 of the door glass 4. The adhesive 21 is applied to the receiving surface portions 26a, 26b, 26
c and the dam portion 22, and then extend the necessary portion of the mounting surface 25. A predetermined gap S is formed between the lower receiving surface portion 26c and a portion corresponding to the mounting hole 18 of the door glass 4, and the lower two notches 27 are also formed in this gap S portion. , The adhesive 21 can be spread out, and the operation of applying the adhesive 21 is easy.
【００３１】受面部２６の頂面も取付面２５に沿って所
定の曲率Ｒ2 で湾曲しているため、ドアフック２４をド
アガラス４に取付けると、受面部２６ａ、２６ｂ、２６
ｃとしては、その前後の受面部２６ｂの中央部２６ｂ′
付近だけがドアガラス４に当接することになり、それ以
外の部分の受面部２６ａ、２６ｂ、２６ｃはドアガラス
４に当接しない。そこで、ドアガラス４に当接する部分
である受面部２６ｂの中央部２６ｂ′における接着剤２
１の量は、受面部２６ｂの中央部２６ｂ′の高さに合致
するように正確にする必要がある。つまり、接着剤２１
が受面部２６ｂの中央部２６ｂ′高さを超えれば該中央
部２６ｂ′が接着剤２１に埋もれて、ドアガラス４に直
接当たらなくなり、「締付手段」としてのボルト１６及
びナットプレート１７による締付力をドアガラス４へ確
実に伝達できなくなる。逆に、受面部２６ｂの中央部２
６ｂ′の高さに満たないと、その部分における接着剤２
１による接着効果が得られない。しかし、この実施例の
受面部２６ａ、２６ｂ、２６ｃはそれぞれが所定の幅ｄ
を有した円弧形状で、受面部２６ａ、２６ｂ、２６ｃの
頂面が所定の面積をもっているため、接着剤２１の表面
と受面部２６ｂの中央部２６ｂ′との高低差を確認し易
く、該中央部２６ｂ′に対する接着剤２１の塗布を容易
且つ正確に行える。[0031] Since the top surface of the receiving face 26 along the attachment surface 25 is curved at a predetermined curvature R 2, when attached to the door hook 24 to the door glass 4, the receiving face 26a, 26b, 26
c is a central portion 26b 'of the front and rear receiving surface portions 26b.
Only the vicinity comes into contact with the door glass 4, and the receiving surfaces 26 a, 26 b, and 26 c of the other portions do not come into contact with the door glass 4. Therefore, the adhesive 2 at the central portion 26b 'of the receiving surface portion 26b, which is the portion that comes into contact with the door glass 4,
The amount of 1 needs to be accurate to match the height of the central portion 26b 'of the receiving surface portion 26b. That is, the adhesive 21
Exceeds the height of the central portion 26b 'of the receiving surface portion 26b, the central portion 26b' is buried in the adhesive 21 and does not directly contact the door glass 4, and is tightened by the bolt 16 and the nut plate 17 as "tightening means". The applied force cannot be transmitted to the door glass 4 reliably. Conversely, the central portion 2 of the receiving surface portion 26b
If the height is less than 6b ', the adhesive 2
1 cannot achieve the adhesive effect. However, the receiving surfaces 26a, 26b, 26c of this embodiment each have a predetermined width d.
And the top surface of the receiving surface portions 26a, 26b, 26c has a predetermined area, so that it is easy to confirm the height difference between the surface of the adhesive 21 and the central portion 26b 'of the receiving surface portion 26b. The adhesive 21 can be easily and accurately applied to the portion 26b '.
【００３２】尚、取付面２５を上向きにすると、前記受
面部２６ｂの中央部２６ｂ′や、ダム部２２の側辺部２
２ｂの中央部２２ｂ′（図２参照）が最も高くなり、上
下の受面部２６ａ、２６ｃや、ダム部２２の上辺部２２
ａ及び下辺部２２ｃはそれよりも低い位置となるが、接
着剤２１は最も高い部分に合わせて略水平に塗布され
る。従って、上下の受面部２６ａ、２６ｃや、上辺部２
２ａ及び下辺部２２ｃは接着剤２１により埋もれること
となる。ダム部２２の上辺部２２ａ及び下辺部２２ｃは
このように接着剤２１に埋もれるが、これらが取付面２
５に凸設された状態になっており、また接着剤２１自体
の粘度が高いため、この上辺部２２ａや下辺部２２ｃに
よって接着剤２１の外側への漏出はある程度抑制され
る。When the mounting surface 25 is directed upward, the central portion 26b 'of the receiving surface portion 26b and the side portion 2
The center portion 22b 'of FIG. 2b (see FIG. 2) is the highest, and the upper and lower receiving surface portions 26a and 26c and the upper side portion 22 of the dam portion 22 are formed.
a and the lower side portion 22c are located at lower positions, but the adhesive 21 is applied substantially horizontally in accordance with the highest portion. Therefore, the upper and lower receiving surfaces 26a and 26c and the upper side 2
2 a and the lower side 22 c are buried by the adhesive 21. The upper side 22a and the lower side 22c of the dam part 22 are buried in the adhesive 21 in this way,
5, since the adhesive 21 itself has a high viscosity, the upper side portion 22a and the lower side portion 22c suppress leakage of the adhesive 21 to the outside to some extent.
【００３３】ドアフックの取付角度変更性： Changeability of door hook mounting angle:
【００３４】ドアフック２４の取付面２５の曲率Ｒ2 の
方が、ドアガラス４の曲率Ｒ1 よりも大きいため、ドア
フック２４をドアガラス４に取付けると、ドアフック２
４の上辺部２２ａ及び下辺部２２ｃと、ドアガラス４と
の間にはそれぞれ上下に隙間Ｓ1 、Ｓ2 が生じる。従っ
て、この隙間Ｓ1 、Ｓ2 を調整することにより、ドアフ
ック２４のドアガラス４に対する取付角度を任意に変更
することができる。決定された取付角度は前記隙間
Ｓ1 、Ｓ2 内に介在している接着剤２１が固まることに
より固定され、それに以降は変化しない。このようにド
アガラス４に対するドアフック２４の取付角度を任意に
微調整できるので、このドアフック２４は昇降軌跡や姿
勢の異なる別の「ドアガラス」にも採用することがで
き、汎用性の面で優れる。Since the curvature R 2 of the mounting surface 25 of the door hook 24 is larger than the curvature R 1 of the door glass 4, when the door hook 24 is mounted on the door glass 4, the door hook 2
Clearances S 1 and S 2 are formed between the upper side 22 a and the lower side 22 c of the door 4 and the door glass 4, respectively. Therefore, by adjusting the gaps S 1 and S 2 , the mounting angle of the door hook 24 with respect to the door glass 4 can be arbitrarily changed. The determined mounting angle is fixed by the solidification of the adhesive 21 interposed in the gaps S 1 and S 2 , and does not change thereafter. As described above, the mounting angle of the door hook 24 with respect to the door glass 4 can be arbitrarily finely adjusted, so that the door hook 24 can be used for another "door glass" having a different trajectory and posture, and is excellent in versatility. .
【００３５】応力集中防止性： Anti-stress concentration:
【００３６】ドアフック２４をドアガラス４に取付ける
と、ドアフック２４のダム部２２の側辺部２２ｂ及び前
後の受面部２６ｂの各中央部２２ｂ′、２６ｂ′付近
（図２参照）だけが、ボルト１６による締付力でもって
ドアガラス４に当接する。従って、ドアガラス４にはこ
の中央部２２ｂ′、２６ｂ′からボルト１６の締付力に
相当する力だけが伝達されることとなり、それ以外の部
分に、それ以上の力が集中的に加わることはない。すな
わち、従来のように上辺部２２ａと下辺部２２ｃだけが
ボルト１６による締付力よりも大きい力でドアガラス４
に押付けられることがないため、ドアガラス４が取付孔
１８から破損するおそれはない。更に、ドアガラス４に
当接する部分である前後の受面部２６ｂが所定の面積を
もったものであり、この受面部２６ｂからドアガラス４
に対して応力が集中的に加わることがないので、この点
においてもドアガラス４の破損が防止される。When the door hook 24 is attached to the door glass 4, only the side portions 22b of the dam portion 22 of the door hook 24 and the central portions 22b 'and 26b' of the front and rear receiving surfaces 26b (see FIG. 2) are bolted. Abuts on the door glass 4 with the tightening force of Therefore, only the force corresponding to the tightening force of the bolt 16 is transmitted to the door glass 4 from the central portions 22b 'and 26b', and the further force is intensively applied to other portions. There is no. That is, only the upper side portion 22a and the lower side portion 22c have a larger force than the fastening force of the bolt 16 as in the prior art.
The door glass 4 is not likely to be damaged from the mounting hole 18 because the door glass 4 is not pressed. Furthermore, the front and rear receiving surfaces 26b, which are portions that come into contact with the door glass 4, have a predetermined area.
, Stress is not intensively applied to the door glass, so that the door glass 4 is also prevented from being damaged at this point.
【００３７】更に、自動車衝突時に図示せぬエアバッグ
が車室内Ａで膨張して車室内Ａの内圧Ｆが高まると、ド
アガラス４が車外Ｂ側へ押されると共にドアフック２４
の上端２４ａがブラケット９に係合することから、テコ
の原理により、下側の受面部２６ｃ付近が所定の反力ｆ
でドアガラス４に押付けられることになる（図１参
照）。しかし、前述のように、下側の受面部２６ｃが所
定の面積をもったものであるため、この反力ｆは分散さ
れた状態でドアガラス４に伝達されることとなり、ドア
ガラス４の破損が未然に防止される。また、下側の受面
部２６ｃが所定の面積をもったものであり、且つ該受面
部２６ｃがドアガラス４の取付孔１８よりも隙間Ｓ分だ
け下側へ変位していることから、取付孔１８の周縁部に
局部的な応力集中を起こすこともない。Further, when an airbag (not shown) is inflated in the vehicle interior A and the internal pressure F in the vehicle interior A increases at the time of a vehicle collision, the door glass 4 is pushed toward the vehicle exterior B side and the door hook 24 is pushed.
Is engaged with the bracket 9, and the vicinity of the lower receiving surface portion 26 c is subjected to a predetermined reaction force f according to the principle of leverage.
To be pressed against the door glass 4 (see FIG. 1). However, as described above, since the lower receiving surface portion 26c has a predetermined area, the reaction force f is transmitted to the door glass 4 in a dispersed state, and the door glass 4 is damaged. Is prevented beforehand. Further, since the lower receiving surface portion 26c has a predetermined area and the receiving surface portion 26c is displaced below the mounting hole 18 of the door glass 4 by the gap S, the mounting hole No local stress concentration occurs at the periphery of the 18.
【００３８】尚、以上の説明では、ドアフック２４の取
付面２５の曲率Ｒ2 を、ドアガラス４の曲率Ｒ1 よりも
大きくする例を示したが、ドアフック２４の取付面２５
の曲率Ｒ2 をドアガラス４の曲率Ｒ1 と同じにしても、
同様の効果が得られる。In the above description, the curvature R 2 of the attachment surface 25 of the door hook 24 is made larger than the curvature R 1 of the door glass 4.
Even if the curvature R 2 the same as the curvature R 1 of the door glass 4,
Similar effects can be obtained.
【００３９】[0039]
【発明の効果】請求項１記載の発明によれば、ドアフッ
クの取付面の上下方向曲率を、ドアガラスの上下方向曲
率以上にしたので、ドアフックの取付面に凸設されてい
るダム部は、その側辺部の中央部付近が締付手段による
締付力でドアガラスに当接するだけで、従来のように上
辺部と下辺部だけが締付力より大きな力でドアガラスに
押付けられることはない。従って、締付手段によりドア
フックをドアガラスに取付ける際も、また車室内でエア
バッグが膨張して内圧が高まった際も、ドアガラスが破
損するおそれはなく、ドアガラスを特別に高強度のガラ
ス材で形成する必要がない。According to the first aspect of the present invention, the vertical curvature of the mounting surface of the door hook is set to be equal to or greater than the vertical curvature of the door glass. It is only possible that the upper side and the lower side are pressed against the door glass with a force greater than the tightening force, as in the past, only by contacting the vicinity of the center of the side part with the tightening force by the tightening means. Absent. Therefore, even when the door hook is attached to the door glass by the fastening means, or when the internal pressure is increased due to the inflation of the airbag in the vehicle interior, there is no possibility that the door glass is broken, and the door glass is made of a special high-strength glass. It does not need to be formed of material.
【００４０】また、ドアフックはそのダム部の側辺部や
受面部の中央部付近がドアガラスに当接するだけなの
で、ドアフックのドアガラスに対する取付角度を任意に
設定することができる。設定された取付角度はドアフッ
クとドアガラスとの間に施された接着剤にて固定され
る。Further, since the door hook only comes into contact with the door glass at the side of the dam portion or near the center of the receiving surface, the mounting angle of the door hook to the door glass can be set arbitrarily. The set mounting angle is fixed by an adhesive applied between the door hook and the door glass.
【００４１】請求項２記載の発明によれば、受面部が所
定の幅を有した円弧形状をしており、受面部が所定の面
積でドアガラスに対して面当たりするため、受面部がド
アガラスの取付孔内に入り込むことはなく、ドアガラス
の取付孔に局部的な応力集中を起こすことがない。ま
た、受面部の頂面が所定の面積をもったものであり、取
付面に塗布される接着剤の表面と受面部との高低差を確
認し易いため、ドアガラスに当接する受面部の中央部付
近における接着剤を正確な量で塗布することができ、受
面部の中央部を誤って接着剤で埋めてしまうようなこと
がない。According to the second aspect of the present invention, the receiving surface portion has an arc shape having a predetermined width, and the receiving surface portion comes into contact with the door glass with a predetermined area. It does not penetrate into the glass mounting hole and does not cause local stress concentration in the door glass mounting hole. Also, the top surface of the receiving surface has a predetermined area, and it is easy to confirm the height difference between the surface of the adhesive applied to the mounting surface and the receiving surface. The adhesive in the vicinity of the portion can be applied in an accurate amount, and the center of the receiving surface portion is not erroneously filled with the adhesive.
【００４２】請求項３記載の発明によれば、受面部に複
数の切欠部が形成されているため、受面部をドアガラス
の取付孔よりも大径の円弧形状とし、受面部とドアガラ
スの取付孔との間に隙間が形成されるような場合も、受
面部の外側に塗布された接着剤をこの切欠部から内側の
前記隙間部分へまわし込むことができ、接着剤の塗布作
業性が良い。According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of cutouts are formed in the receiving surface, the receiving surface is formed in an arc shape having a larger diameter than the mounting hole of the door glass, and the receiving surface and the door glass are formed. Even in the case where a gap is formed between the mounting hole and the mounting hole, the adhesive applied to the outside of the receiving surface portion can be fed from the cutout portion to the inside of the gap portion. good.
【００４３】請求項４記載の発明によれば、取付孔の下
側の受面部とドアガラスの取付孔との間に隙間が形成さ
れているため、車室内の内圧でドアガラスが外側へ押さ
れた際の反力により該下側部分の受面部がドアガラスに
押付けられた際において、該下側の受面部がドアガラス
の取付孔の周縁部に当接して局部的な応力集中が起きる
のを更に確実に防止できる。According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the gap is formed between the receiving surface portion below the mounting hole and the mounting hole of the door glass, the door glass is pushed outward by the internal pressure in the vehicle cabin. When the receiving surface of the lower portion is pressed against the door glass by the reaction force at the time of being performed, the lower receiving surface abuts on the peripheral portion of the mounting hole of the door glass and local stress concentration occurs. Can be more reliably prevented.
【図１】この発明の一実施例に係る車両用ドアガラスの
ドアフック構造を示す拡大断面図である。FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view showing a door hook structure of a vehicle door glass according to one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】ドアフックの取付面を示す側面図である。FIG. 2 is a side view showing a mounting surface of a door hook.
【図３】図２中矢示ＳＡ−ＳＡ線に沿う断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line SA-SA shown in FIG.
【図４】従来の車両用ドアガラスのドアフック構造を示
すドアの断面図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a door showing a door hook structure of a conventional vehicle door glass.
【図５】従来のドアフック構造を示す拡大断面図であ
る。FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing a conventional door hook structure.
【図６】従来のドアフックの取付面を示す側面図であ
る。FIG. 6 is a side view showing a mounting surface of a conventional door hook.
４ ドアガラス １６ ボルト（締付手段） １７ ナットプレート（締付手段） １８ ドアガラスの取付孔 １９ ドアフックの取付孔 ２１ 接着剤 ２２ ダム部 ２４ａ ドアフックの上端 ２４ ドアフック ２５ 取付面 ２６ａ、２６ｂ、２６ｃ 受面部 ２７ 切欠部 Ｒ1 、Ｒ2 曲率 Ｓ 隙間4 Door Glass 16 Bolt (Tightening Means) 17 Nut Plate (Tightening Means) 18 Door Glass Mounting Hole 19 Door Hook Mounting Hole 21 Adhesive 22 Dam Part 24a Door Hook Top End 24 Door Hook 25 Mounting Surface 26a, 26b, 26c Receiving surface 27 notch R 1, R 2 of curvature S clearance
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭55−51618（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭63−14976（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭56−60723（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭62−181419（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 昭62−95920（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 平３−83109（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B60J 1/17 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-55-51618 (JP, A) JP-A-63-14976 (JP, A) JP-A-56-60723 (JP, A) 181419 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Sho 62-95920 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Application Hei 3-83109 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B60J 1/17
Claims (4)
の上昇限位置でドアの一部と係合するドアフックを、ド
アガラス及びドアフックに各々形成した取付孔を貫通す
る締付手段により取付け、 且つドアフックの取付面とドアガラスとの間に接着剤を
介在させると共にドアフックの取付面の周縁部に接着剤
漏出抑制用のダム部を凸設した車両用ドアガラスのドア
フック構造において、 前記ドアフックの取付面の上下方向曲率を、ドアガラス
の上下方向曲率以上に設定したことを特徴とする車両用
ドアガラスのドアフック構造1. A door hook, which is engaged with a part of a door at a position where the door glass is ascended, is mounted near a lower end of the door glass by fastening means penetrating through mounting holes formed in the door glass and the door hook, respectively. A door hook structure for a vehicle door glass, wherein an adhesive is interposed between the door hook mounting surface and the door glass, and a dam portion for suppressing adhesive leakage is protruded at a peripheral portion of the door hook mounting surface; A door hook structure for a vehicle door glass, wherein a vertical curvature of the mounting surface is set to be equal to or larger than a vertical curvature of the door glass.
辺に、所定の幅を有し且つ内径がドアガラスの取付孔の
径以上である円弧形状の受面部を凸設した請求項１記載
の車両用ドアガラスのドアフック構造。2. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein an arc-shaped receiving surface portion having a predetermined width and an inner diameter greater than or equal to the diameter of the mounting hole of the door glass is protruded around the mounting hole in the mounting surface of the door hook. Door glass door hook structure.
２記載の車両用ドアガラスのドアフック構造。3. The door hook structure of a vehicle door glass according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of cutouts are formed in the receiving surface.
付孔の下側に位置する受面部をドアガラスの取付孔から
離反する方向へ変位させ、該下側の受面部とドアガラス
の取付孔との間に隙間を形成した請求項３記載の車両用
ドアガラスのドアフック構造。4. A receiving surface portion located below the mounting hole of the receiving surface portion partitioned by the notch portion is displaced in a direction away from the mounting hole of the door glass, and the lower receiving surface portion and the door glass are displaced. 4. The door hook structure for a vehicle door glass according to claim 3, wherein a gap is formed between the door hook and the mounting hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00371395A JP3209023B2 (en) | 1995-01-13 | 1995-01-13 | Door hook structure of vehicle door glass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00371395A JP3209023B2 (en) | 1995-01-13 | 1995-01-13 | Door hook structure of vehicle door glass |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08188047A JPH08188047A (en) | 1996-07-23 |
| JP3209023B2 true JP3209023B2 (en) | 2001-09-17 |
Family
ID=11564971
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00371395A Expired - Fee Related JP3209023B2 (en) | 1995-01-13 | 1995-01-13 | Door hook structure of vehicle door glass |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3209023B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE112016000910T5 (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2017-11-16 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Curved cover glass and method for its manufacture and glass element, display device and curved glass |
| CN109162572B (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2024-01-16 | 宁波南星汽车部件有限公司 | Intelligent anti-pinch frameless car door glass lifter |
-
1995
- 1995-01-13 JP JP00371395A patent/JP3209023B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08188047A (en) | 1996-07-23 |
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