JP3207010U - Hydroponics planter - Google Patents

Abstract

A planter for hydroponics that can reduce damage and deterioration of a cultivation plate when the cultivation plate is attracted and harvested is provided. A planter for hydroponics is a nutrient solution tank having a substantially rectangular planar shape, and an opening that is installed on the nutrient solution tank and into which a plurality of plants arranged in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank can be inserted. 21, the frame body 3 a into which the cultivation plate 2 installed at one end in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank is inserted, and one end of the frame body 3 a is fixed in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank. It has a string-like body 4 having a length reaching the other end. [Selection] Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydroponic planter, and more particularly to a hydroponic planter that can efficiently perform a harvesting operation.

  For hydroponics planters used in plant factories and the like, improving workability and manageability is a major issue. When cultivating as a business, it is essential to improve them for cost reduction.

  For example, in a planter that cultivates plants by arranging a plurality of cultivation plates holding plants in a row, one end is connected to the cultivation plate located on the distal side in the row direction, and the proximal end along the row direction It has a string-like body extending to the side, and a plurality of cultivation plates are configured to be movable to the base end side along the column direction, and the string-like body is drawn toward the base end side, thereby A planter in which the plate moves to the base end side along the row direction has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1, especially FIGS. 4 and 5).

  With this planter, it is possible to collect the cultivated plants in one place by sequentially pulling the cultivation plates, and the working efficiency at the time of harvesting is greatly improved. In addition, even when the cultivation plates are arranged in a plurality of stages above and below, it is possible to safely perform work at high places, and furthermore, it is possible to arrange the rows closely to each other without using a work space. The utilization efficiency of can be greatly increased.

  However, since the force pulling the string-like body toward the proximal end acts on the cultivation plate on the distal end side, the plate is damaged. Since the plate for cultivation uses brittle materials, such as a foaming resin, from a viewpoint of cost reduction and workability improvement by weight reduction, this problem was a problem which can occur easily. In particular, when starting to pull the cultivation plate, it is necessary to pull the string-like body with a very strong force in order to overcome a large static friction coefficient, and an excessive force is applied to the cultivation plate on the tip side. Therefore, it has been proposed to disperse the force applied to the cultivation plate by providing an attachment member that is detachably attached to the front edge portion of the cultivation plate located on the distal side in the row direction (for example, (Patent Document 1, especially 0008 paragraph)

  It has also been proposed to reduce the friction coefficient by providing rails and floating the cultivation plate in the nutrient solution (for example, the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, especially paragraphs 0012 to 0013, FIGS. 10 and 11).

JP2012-152174A

  The pulling method using the string-like body has many excellent points described above, such as facilitating harvesting work. On the other hand, a great force is applied to the cultivation plate, and there is a problem that the cultivation plate is accelerated or deteriorated because the cultivation plate is broken or curved.

There are two major factors that cause this problem.
The first factor is that, as described above, a large force concentrates on the portion where the string-like body of the cultivation plate on the front end side is fixed, the portion is broken, or the entire cultivation plate is bent. .
The second factor is that the end of the cultivation plate pushes the adjacent cultivation plate with a strong force, so that not only the cultivation plate on the tip side, but also other cultivation plates break the end, Or the entire plate is curved.

  These two factors are that the total contact area between all the cultivation plates and the installation surface is large, and the frictional force, especially the static frictional force, is large, so a large pulling force is required. The fundamental factor is the application of force.

  However, if the force applied to the cultivation plate is completely parallel to the installation surface, the damage to the cultivation plate is small. The direction parallel to the installation surface is the longitudinal direction of the cultivation plate, and has a length of, for example, about 60 cm. On the other hand, the thickness of the cultivation plate is about 2 cm at the maximum. This is because the roots reach the nutrient solution when the plant is a seedling. Therefore, if a force is applied in this direction, the cultivation plate is damaged greatly. For example, in Patent Document 1 described above, the string-like body is drawn through the lower side of the cultivation plate. In this case, the string-like body extends obliquely downward from the place where the string-like body is fixed. Therefore, the tension | tensile_strength of a string-like body acts diagonally downward in the location which fixed the string-like body. That is, a force parallel to the cultivation plate (compression force) and a force perpendicular to the cultivation plate (bending moment) are applied to the place where the string-like member of the cultivation plate is fixed from the string-like body. The former is a very large force, but since it is dispersed as a compressive force for all the cultivation plates, the influence on the cultivation plate to which the string-like body is fixed is slight. On the other hand, in the latter, although the magnitude of the force itself is considerably smaller than the former force, it acts by bending moment only at the place where the string is fixed, so that the cultivation plate is seriously damaged.

  When a force perpendicular to the installation surface is applied to the tip-side cultivation plate, even if there is no breakage or breakage, the plate grows up or curves, so the next cultivation plate also has a force perpendicular to the installation surface. Because it takes, all the cultivation plates are damaged. And if the cultivation plate is bent due to damage, it will not easily return to its original position, so the end and the surface of the next cultivation plate will not come into contact in parallel, and the next cultivation plate will be perpendicular to the installation surface. A vicious cycle of applying force occurs and all the cultivation plates deteriorate.

In Patent Document 1, an attachment member that is detachably attached to the front edge of the cultivation plate is provided, but the force can be dispersed only by the area of the attachment member. The effect is limited. Moreover, since the perpendicular force with respect to the fixed portion is still generated, it is difficult to prevent the cultivation plate from deteriorating.
In addition, if a method for fixing the string-like body to the cultivation plate is devised, the bending moment can be reduced. For example, if a string-like body is fixed to each side surface of the cultivation plate and the two string-like bodies are attracted, the bending moment does not work. However, since the shearing force is generated only at the fixed portion instead of the bending moment, the damage to the cultivation plate cannot be avoided.

  In particular, in recent years, the size of planters has been increasing. This is because, if the planter is made large, the nutrient solution circulation system can be made one, so that the production cost of the planter can be reduced and the nutrient solution management becomes easy. However, if the planter becomes larger, the total area of the cultivation plate increases, and a greater force is required when pulling, so the attachment member that is detachably attached to the front edge of the cultivation plate Even if it is provided, it is assumed that the cultivation plate is damaged.

  Further, it is a very effective means to reduce the friction coefficient by providing rails and floating the cultivation plate in the nutrient solution. However, providing rails creates another significant problem. Unevenness and gaps such as rails tend to accumulate plant fragments to be cultivated, and a large amount of pests and bacteria are likely to be generated there. In the management of plant factories, it is expensive to clean the planter. Therefore, the planter should have a flat shape with no irregularities or gaps.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and minimizes the damage to the cultivation plate that occurs during pulling, and extra management work such as cleaning occurs. It provides a difficult planter for hydroponics.

  The planter for hydroponics according to the present invention is a nutrient solution tank having a substantially rectangular planar shape, and an opening in which a plurality of plants arranged in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank can be inserted. A cultivation plate having a frame, a frame body into which the cultivation plate installed at one end in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank is inserted, and one end fixed to the frame body, the other end in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank And a string-like body having a length that reaches the surface.

  The planter for hydroponics according to the present invention is characterized in that the frame body is open on the side of the adjacent cultivation plate among four sides.

Since the planter for hydroponics according to the present invention is configured as described above, the planter has many features shown below in addition to the conventional features of harvesting using the cultivation plate pulling method. ing.
In the device using the pulling bar, first, the force generated in the cultivation plate during the pulling is mostly compressive force. Therefore, the force is distributed to all the cultivation plates and applied to the cultivation plate. Damage can be suppressed.

  Secondly, it is a configuration in which a pulling bar is only added to the conventional configuration, and the increase in apparatus cost is slight.

  Thirdly, since it is not necessary to fix the string-like body to the cultivation plate, the harvesting operation, the cultivation panel cleaning operation, and the cultivation panel installation operation are facilitated.

In the device using the frame body, since the force applied to the cultivation plate can be received on the entire panel surface, damage to the panel can be greatly reduced.
Moreover, since it can be easily detached from the frame, it is easy to handle.

In the device using the nutrient solution tank whose upper part of the cross-sectional shape is open upward, the cultivation plate can be floated and attracted to the nutrient solution, so that the attracting work can be performed with a small force. Therefore, breakage and deterioration of the cultivation plate can be greatly reduced.
In addition, since the nutrient solution tank has a shape that does not have irregularities or gaps, problems such as generation of pests do not occur, and management work such as cleaning and pest control can be reduced.

It is a figure which shows the structural component of the planter for hydroponics concerning this invention. It is an example of use of the plate for cultivation of the planter for hydroponics concerning the present invention. 1 is an overall perspective view of a hydroponics planter according to the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the force applied at the time of drawing of the planter for hydroponics concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows the attachment bar and the attachment position of a string-like body of the planter for hydroponics concerning this invention. It is the perspective view at the time of inserting the plate for cultivation into (a) frame body of the planter for hydroponics which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, and (b) frame body. It is a perspective view at the time of inserting the plate for cultivation into another frame object of the planter for hydroponics concerning Embodiment 2 of the present invention. It is sectional drawing perpendicular | vertical to the longitudinal direction of the planter for hydroponics which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention, (a) It is a figure showing the nutrient solution surface at the time of cultivation and (b) attraction. It is sectional drawing perpendicular | vertical to the longitudinal direction of another nutrient solution tank of the planter for hydroponics concerning Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a perspective view of the bar for attraction of the planter for hydroponics concerning Embodiment 4 of this invention.

  The configuration of the hydroponics planter according to the present invention and the method for using the planter will be described below with reference to the drawings. The following description discloses a good example related to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
<Configuration>
The structure of the planter for hydroponics of this Embodiment is demonstrated using FIGS. 1-3.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing components of a hydroponics planter. The planter for hydroponics has a substantially rectangular nutrient solution tank 1 and a plurality of cultivation plates 2a, 2b installed on the nutrient solution tank 1 and arranged in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank 1, 2c, 2d, and 2e, an attraction bar 3 installed at one end in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank 1, one end fixed to the attraction bar 3, and the other in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank 1 A string 4 having a length reaching the end is provided as a basic component.

  The nutrient solution tank 1 has a space for storing the nutrient solution therein, and is provided with a nutrient solution supply / drainage system (not shown) that is supplied with a nutrient solution from a solution tank (not shown) and drains from a drain port (not shown). The nutrient solution tank 1 generally has a substantially rectangular planar shape, and is practical in consideration of manufacturing cost and installation efficiency. However, the shape is not necessarily limited to a rectangle, and a case where there is a slight curve or a deformation such as a bulge is included in a substantially rectangular shape.

The plurality of cultivation plates 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, and 2e (hereinafter referred to as “2” as a representative) have openings into which the plant 100 can be inserted, as shown in FIG. ing. As a material for the cultivation plate 2, fragile materials such as foaming resins are generally used from the viewpoint of cost reduction and the improvement of workability by weight reduction. The cultivation plate 2 has a rectangular panel shape, and has a size of about several tens of cm that is easy to handle, for example, about 60 cm × 40 cm. Further, the thickness needs to be thin so that the root reaches the nutrient solution when the plant 100 is a seedling. For example, 1 cm to 2 cm.
In the figure, for the sake of convenience, the number of the cultivation plates 2 is five, but may be about 20, for example.

For example, the pulling bar 3 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is preferably made of a material having higher mechanical strength than the cultivation plate. For example, a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum, or a hard resin is an example.
The side end surface of the pulling bar 3 on the cultivation plate 2 e side is preferably substantially perpendicular to the installation surface of the nutrient solution tank 1. It is because it can contact | abut on the side end surface of the plate 2e for cultivation on a perpendicular surface, and can be pushed in parallel with respect to the installation surface of the nutrient solution tank 1.
Further, it is desirable that the length of the pulling bar 3 in the short direction of the nutrient solution tank 1 is substantially the same as or longer than the length of the cultivation plate 2 in the short direction of the nutrient solution tank 1.

One end of the string-like body 4 is fixed to the pulling bar 3 and the other end has a length that reaches the other end in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank 1.
The string-like body 4 is, for example, a rope.
The fixing method of the one end of the string-like body 4 and the pulling bar 3 may be any method such as binding, bonding, and crimping. Any method that can be firmly fixed is acceptable.

Next, the whole structure of the planter for hydroponics is demonstrated using FIG.
On the nutrient solution tank 1, from the left in the figure, a pulling bar 3 and a plurality of cultivation plates 2 are arranged in series. The string-like body 4 passes under the cultivation plate 2 and the other end reaches the work table 5 placed on the right side in FIG. When an operator in the vicinity of the work table 5 pulls the string-like body 4, all the cultivation plates 2 are drawn and placed on the work table 5 in order from the cultivation plate 2 a to collect the plant 100. It can be carried out.

  Since the total weight of the cultivation plate 2 is broken, only about 10 kg could be drawn so far. However, by using the pulling bar 3, the cultivation plate 2 was not damaged even when the cultivation plate 2 having a total weight of 50 kg was drawn. Thus, it was confirmed that the use of the pulling bar 3 suppresses damage to the cultivation plate 2 and enables a harvesting operation by pulling even in a large planter.

<Consideration of force transmission>
Next, what force is transmitted to the cultivation plate 2 when the pulling bar 3 is used will be considered.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the force applied at the time of drawing. The upper diagram is a perspective view, the middle diagram is a side view of the pulling bar 3 viewed from the direction of the white arrow B, and the lower diagram is another side view of the pulling bar 3 viewed from the direction of the white arrow C. is there. The force applied to the pulling bar 3 is the tension T from the string-like body 4, and when the string-like body 4 passes below the cultivation plate 2, this tension is only the force Tp parallel to the installation surface of the nutrient solution tank 1. Instead, the force Tv in the direction perpendicular to the installation surface of the nutrient solution tank 1 is also included.

  As shown in the lower diagram, the force in the vertical direction of the tension indicated by the arrow Tv is a force that pushes the pulling bar 3 downward. The attracting bar 3 that has received the force of pushing downward pushes down the left and right installation surfaces of the nutrient solution tank 1 from above with half the force. From the installation surface of the nutrient solution tank 1, the pulling bar 3 is pushed upward with the same reaction force. As a result, the pulling bar 3 is acted on by the tension pushed down from the string-like body 4 and the reaction force pushed up from the installation surface of the nutrient solution tank 1, and the vertical force is canceled out. Therefore, finally, only the force Tp of the horizontal component of the tension T acts on the pulling bar 3 and, as indicated by the arrow A, on the installation surface of the nutrient solution tank 1 (that is, on the surface of the cultivation plate 2) ) Only parallel forces are transmitted to the cultivation plate 2e. Therefore, the cultivation plate 2e receives only the compressive force. Although this compressive force is a big force, since it is disperse | distributed to all the plates 2a-2e for cultivation, neither plate 2 for cultivation is damaged.

  When drawing, as shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 4, since forces in opposite directions are applied to the center and both ends of the pulling bar 3, a large bending stress that bends the pulling bar 3 into a bowl shape is generated. However, if the attracting bar 3 is formed of a strong material such as a metal, there is no fear that the attracting bar 3 is damaged.

In the conventional drawing method, since the string-like body 4 is fixed to the cultivation plate 2e located at the extreme end, a large bending stress that bends the cultivation plate 2e into a bowl shape is generated, and the cultivation plate 2e is damaged. A serious problem occurred.
In addition, since the tension | tensile_strength T from the string-like body 4 will produce only a parallel component if the fixing parts, such as the knot of the string-like body 4, are provided under the cultivation plate 2e, the problems such as the cultivation plate 2e being damaged are It seems like it does n’t happen. However, in order to draw a plurality of cultivation plates 2e that are heavy, it is necessary to press the cultivation plate 2e against the installation surface of the nutrient solution tank 1 with a certain degree of vertical force. If it does not do so, it is because the cultivation plate 2e is lifted and cannot be drawn normally. Therefore, the operator consciously pulls the string-like body 4 obliquely downward, for example, and presses the cultivation plate 2e against the installation surface of the nutrient solution tank 1, thereby applying a large bending stress to the cultivation plate 2e. Was inevitable.
In addition, it is conceivable to provide fixed portions of the string-like body on both sides of the cultivation plate 2e, but in that case, the cultivation plate 2e is subjected to a large shearing force on both sides, so that it is also for cultivation. The plate 2e is similarly damaged greatly. That is, since a large parallel force does not act as a compressive force on the cultivation plate 2e and becomes a large shearing force applied only to both side surfaces, damage to the cultivation plate 2e could not be reduced.

  In addition, although it is a fixed part to the attraction | suction bar 3 of the string-like body 4, when using only one string-like body 4, the center of the attraction | suction bar 3 is good like FIG. When two string-like bodies 4 are used, the string-like bodies 4 are preferably fixed in the vicinity of both ends of the pulling bar 3 as shown in FIG. And each string-like body 4 may be pulled from the left and right side surfaces of the cultivation plate 2.

<Summary of this embodiment>
As described above, the hydroponics planter according to the present embodiment collects plants by drawing a cultivation plate during harvesting. By drawing the cultivation plates one after another, it becomes possible to collect the cultivated plants in one place, and the work efficiency at the time of harvesting is greatly improved. In addition, even when the cultivation plates are arranged in a plurality of stages above and below, it is possible to safely perform work at high places, and furthermore, it is possible to arrange the rows closely to each other without using a work space. The utilization efficiency of can be greatly increased.

On the other hand, there has been a problem that the cultivation plate is broken, or the life that can be used by accumulating damage is shortened. Therefore, this problem could be solved by fixing the string-like body to the pulling bar instead of the cultivation plate.
Specifically, most of the force generated on the cultivation plate during drawing is a compressive force parallel to the surface of the cultivation plate. Therefore, the force is distributed to all the cultivation plates and applied to the cultivation plate. Was able to suppress the damage.

  Further, this is a configuration in which a pulling bar is only added to the conventional configuration, and the increase in apparatus cost is slight. Furthermore, since there is no need to fix the string-like body to the cultivation plate, the harvesting operation, the cultivation panel cleaning operation, and the cultivation plate installation operation are facilitated.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
As a means for greatly dispersing the force applied to the cultivation plate, it is also effective to use a frame body 3a into which the cultivation plate 2 can be inserted as shown in FIG. By enclosing at least three sides of the cultivation plate 2, the force applied from the string-like body can be distributed over the entire surface of the cultivation plate 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, if the four sides are surrounded, the strength is further improved.
And since it is a frame body, the plate opening 21 can be used and cultivation of a plant can be performed as usual.

  The combination of the frame bodies 3a and 3b may fix the string-like body 4 to itself. Alternatively, the combination with the frame bodies 3a and 3b itself can be used together with the pulling bar 3 shown in the first embodiment without fixing the string-like body 4.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
The planter for hydroponics according to the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the cross-sectional shape of the nutrient solution tank. FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank 1a. Thus, the nutrient solution tank 1a has a trapezoidal shape.

And at the time of cultivation, the plate 2 for cultivation is arrange | positioned like Fig.8 (a). There is an air layer between the nutrient solution surface C and the cultivation plate 2.
On the other hand, when the cultivation plate 2 is attracted and harvested, the amount of liquid in the nutrient tank 1a is increased to float the plurality of cultivation plates, thereby allowing the cultivation plate 2 to be attracted with a small force.

The cross-sectional shape of the nutrient solution tank is not a trapezoidal shape but may be a shape as shown in FIG. In other words, the nutrient solution tank may be any shape as long as the planar shape is substantially rectangular and the upper portion of the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is opened upward.
The plurality of cultivation plates 2 are arranged in the longitudinal direction in the upper part of the nutrient solution tank.

  Since the planter for hydroponics according to the present embodiment is configured as described above, when the cultivation plate is attracted and harvested, the amount of the nutrient solution tank is increased so that the plurality of cultivations are performed. By lifting the plate, it is possible to draw it with a small force.

When a plurality of cultivation plates are floated, the rows of cultivation plates are likely to be disturbed, and therefore it is necessary to provide rails and guides. However, when rails or guides are provided, a concave and convex shape or a gap is provided in the nutrient solution tank, which causes a serious problem of becoming a warm bed for pests.
However, in the nutrient solution tank of the shape as shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 9, the cross section can be formed with only a straight line, and the cross sectional shape itself serves as a guide for defining the position of the cultivation plate. Can do. Therefore, since it is not necessary to provide uneven shapes and gaps in the nutrient solution tank, there is no big management problem such as accumulation of plant fragments to be cultivated and generation of a large amount of pests and bacteria. There are advantages.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
The difference between the hydroponics planter according to the present embodiment and the hydroponics planter according to the first embodiment is that the attracting bar is changed to the attracting bar 3c having the shape shown in FIG. It is. In the pulling bar 3c, a bar lower portion 30 is added to the pulling bar 3 in the first embodiment.

  The bar lower portion 30 has a height H substantially equal to the depth of the nutrient solution tank 1 or slightly smaller. In addition, the width W substantially matches the width of the inner surface of the nutrient solution tank 1 or is slightly smaller. Therefore, when the attracting bar 3 c is installed on the nutrient solution tank 1, the bottom surface of the bar lower portion 30 substantially contacts the bottom surface of the nutrient solution tank 1. Further, the side surface of the bar lower portion 30 substantially contacts the side surface of the nutrient solution tank 1. And, for example, if a sponge, cloth, or disposable wiping paper is provided on the bottom or side of the lower bar 30, the cultivation plate is drawn and the inner surface of the nutrient solution tank 1 is wiped and cleaned at the same time. It can be carried out.

  Moreover, the bar lower part 30 functions also as a guide at the time of drawing work, and can draw the drawing bar 3c straightly and surely.

  The present invention relates to a hydroponics planter that pulls and harvests cultivation plates when a plurality of cultivation plates are arranged in series on a nutrient solution tank. The present invention can be similarly applied to a cultivation system in which a plurality of seedling boxes are arranged in series on the table. In addition, a seedling box is a planter for growing a plant with a culture medium by providing culture media, such as urethane inside, and giving water | moisture content to the culture medium, for example.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a, 1b Nutrient tank 2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e Cultivation plate 21 Opening for plate 3 Bar for attraction 3a, 3b Frame body 4 String body 5 Work table 6 Side groove 100 Plant

A Pressing force from the attraction bar to the cultivation plate B B Moment generated at the attraction bar by the tension of the string-like body C Nutrient surface

Claims (2)

A nutrient solution tank having a substantially rectangular planar shape;
A plate for cultivation having an opening into which a plurality of plants installed on the nutrient solution tank and arranged in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank can be inserted;
A frame body in which the cultivation plate installed at one end in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank is inserted;
A string-like body having one end fixed to the frame body and a length reaching the other end in the longitudinal direction of the nutrient solution tank;
A hydroponics planter.   The said frame body is a planter for hydroponic cultivation characterized by the adjacent said cultivation plate side being open | released among four sides.