JP3204896B2 - Full crawler type vehicle and assembly method thereof - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a full crawler type vehicle that can travel on public roads and off-roads (fields, fields, snowy roads, etc.) and has a traveling section that is a crawler over its entire length.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a full crawler type vehicle is constructed by replacing front and rear wheels of a wheel type vehicle with crawler belts.
No. 4,708,482. In the conventional technology, the upper part of the vehicle is provided on the upper part of the crawler traveling unit, and the upper part of the vehicle has a pair of left and right suspensions in front and rear, and supports rear axle cases for left and right rear axles with left and right rear suspensions. The lower crawler traveling unit connects a pair of left and right track frames by a front and rear connecting body to form a square frame, supports the front and rear sprockets and the track rollers on each track frame, and wraps the crawlers around them, The upper front and rear suspension is connected to the front and rear of the left and right track frames, and power can be transmitted from the rear axle to the rear sprocket.

Although the front and rear suspensions use the upper structure of the wheeled vehicle as they are, the front suspension remains equipped with a knuckle. Therefore, after connecting the left and right track frames to the knuckle, the left and right track frames are connected to each other. The front and rear connecting bodies are connected to form a rectangular frame, and the structure is such that the components of the crawler traveling unit are assembled to the upper structure of the vehicle.

Power is transmitted from the rear axle to the rear sprocket when the rear sprocket is provided directly on the rear axle or when the rear axle transmits power to the brake shaft via a transmission. There is a case where the power is transmitted to a driven shaft to which a rear sprocket is attached via a rear sprocket.

[0005]

In the prior art, unless the left and right track frames are connected to the knuckle, the left and right track frames cannot be connected to each other by the front and rear connection members to form a square frame. In addition, it is difficult to assemble the crawler traveling unit independently with respect to the upper part of the vehicle, so that the assembling workability is low.

[0006] In the case of a full crawler type vehicle using a wheel type vehicle, the rotation speed of the drive shaft for driving the wheel is not appropriate for driving the crawler. It is necessary to increase or decrease the speed, and therefore, it is difficult to directly connect the drive shaft and the rear sprocket according to the above-described prior art (Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 2-2189), and a structure for transmitting power via a chain transmission means or the like is adopted. .

However, in the prior art using the chain transmission means (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-47082), the intermediate shaft is driven by the gear transmission means from the rear axle, and the intermediate shaft is transmitted to the rear sprocket via the chain transmission means. Because the clutch means and the brake mechanism are provided on the intermediate shaft, it is difficult to use the wheel-type vehicle as it is, the structure is complicated, and the crawler traveling parts must be separately assembled on the left and right. It has a structure.

According to the present invention, the upper portion of the vehicle and the crawler traveling portion are separately assembled, the upper portion of the vehicle is mounted and connected to the crawler traveling portion from above, and the transmission means is mounted on the rear axle and the rear sprocket from outside. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of assembling a full crawler type vehicle in which the entire vehicle can be simply assembled. According to the present invention, the upper part of the vehicle and the crawler traveling part are separately assembled, the upper part of the vehicle is mounted and connected to the crawler traveling part from above, and the transmission means for interlockingly connecting the rear axle and the rear sprocket is provided on the crawler traveling part. It is an object of the present invention to provide a full crawler type vehicle that can be easily attached and detached to the outside.

[0009]

A specific means for solving the problem in the method of the present invention is to provide a pair of left and right suspensions 2 and 3 at the front and rear, and to provide a rear axle case for the left and right rear axles 4 with the left and right rear suspensions 3. 5 to support the left and right rear axle
4 has a brake disk 16 of a brake device 16 at each outer end.
A, and a step for braking the brake disc 16A.
Assembling the vehicle upper part U by providing the arranging device 25 and the parking brake device 28 ; forming a pair of left and right track frames 6 by connecting the front and rear connecting members 7 and 8 to form a square frame 9; The front and rear sprockets 11 and 12 and the track rollers 13 are provided to assemble the crawler traveling part D; the vehicle upper part U is placed on the crawler traveling part D from above, and the front suspension 2 and the rear axle case 5 are squarely framed. The transmission means 14 is connected to the front and rear connection parts 9F and 9R of the body 9, and the transmission means 14 is mounted on the brake disc 16A and the rear sprocket 12 provided on the rear axle 4 in the axial direction from the outside.

[0010] Thus, when the assembled vehicle upper part U is mounted and connected from above to the separately assembled crawler traveling part D, the entire vehicle is assembled, and the rear axle 4 on the vehicle upper part U side and the rear sprocket on the crawler traveling part D side. When the transmission means 14 is mounted on the power transmission system 12 from the outside, the power transmission system is also assembled, and the assembly work is completed. A specific means for solving the problem in the present invention device is to provide a vehicle upper part U on the upper part of the crawler traveling part D. The vehicle upper part U has a pair of left and right suspensions 2 and 3 in front and rear, The rear axle case 5 for the left and right rear axles 4 is supported by the suspension 3,
Brake discs 16A of the brake device 16
And a steer for braking the brake disc 16A.
A crawler traveling unit D is provided with a ring device 25 and a parking brake device 28. The crawler traveling unit D connects the pair of left and right track frames 6 with the front and rear connecting bodies 7, 8 to form a square frame 9, and the Front and rear sprockets 11, 1
2 and are wound around these crawlers 10 to support the track rollers 13, the suspension 2 and the rear axle case 5 before the upper carriage U longitudinal connecting part 9F of the square frame body 9, as well as connected to 9R, after Breakfast provided on the axle 4
The power to the rear sprocket 12 from the rake disk 16A
A transmission means 14 for transmitting the light is provided, and a rectangular frame 9 in which the right and left track frames 6 are connected in advance by front and rear connection bodies 7 and 8.
A front connecting portion 9F for retrofitting the front suspension 2 and a rear connecting portion 9R for retrofitting the left and right rear axle cases 5 are formed, and a transmission means 14 for transmitting power from the rear axle 4 to the rear sprocket 12 is formed in an axial direction from the outside. Is provided in a removable manner.

As a result, when the upper portion U of the vehicle and the crawler running portion D are separately assembled, and the front suspension 2 is connected to the front connection portion 9F and the rear axle case 5 is respectively connected to the rear connection portion 9R, the entire vehicle is assembled. The upper part of the vehicle
Rear axle 4 and rear sprocket 1 on crawler running section D side
The power transmission system is assembled when the transmission means 14 is attached to the power transmission device 2 from the outside.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 15, reference numeral 1 denotes a full crawler type vehicle, which is roughly divided into a vehicle upper portion U and a crawler traveling portion D, which are assembled independently of each other, and then the vehicle upper portion U is moved to the upper portion of the crawler traveling portion D. Is mounted on.

The upper part U of the vehicle uses a light four truck of a wheel type vehicle, and the front and rear wheels and the front wheel knuckles of the light four truck are removed, and the body, engine, drive train, chassis, suspension and the like are kept as they are. A strut assembly 36 and a stabilizer 37 of a strut type suspension device (MacPherson type suspension) exist as a front suspension 2 at the front, and a rigid leaf spring type suspension device (a rear suspension 3) exists at the rear. The left and right rear axle cases 5 projecting from the rear wheel differential device 39 are supported by the vertical leaf springs 38, and brakes are provided between the left and right rear axles 4 and the rear axle case 5. An apparatus 16 is arranged.

In the upper part U of the vehicle, there are a steering wheel 40, a gear box 41, a pitman arm 24, and the like as a steering device 25, and a parking brake lever 43, an equalizer member 27, and the equalizer member 27 as a parking brake device 28. There are wires 26, 42 and the like connecting the parking brake lever 43 and the left and right brake devices 16.

The crawler traveling section D is formed by connecting a pair of left and right track frames 6 with front and rear connecting members 7 and 8 to form a square frame member 9.
And the front and rear sprockets 1
1, 12 and the track roller 13 are supported, and the crawler 10 is wound around these. 4 to 8, the right and left track frames 6 are connected to front and rear connecting members 7, 8 made of pipe material at front and rear portions of a frame member 44 having a substantially inverted U-shaped cross section.
Is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view, and a support plate 45 extending upward and rearward is fixed to the inner rear ends of the left and right track frames 6 and the rear connecting body 8 to form a square frame body 9. The track roller 1 is attached to the material 44 via the bracket 46.
3 is supported, and the front sprocket 11 is supported via a tension adjusting means 47 so as to be adjustable in the front-rear position.

The track roller 13 includes a swing bracket 4
6A, two fixed wheels 13A, two fixed brackets 4 on the front and rear lower portions and the upper central portion of the frame member 44.
6B, and a guide wheel 13B supported via 6B. An outwardly projecting shaft 22 is fixed to the rear end of the support plate 45, and the rear sprocket 12 is rotatably supported by the shaft 22.

The crawler 10 wound around the rear sprocket 12, the front sprocket 11, and the plurality of track rollers 13 may be an iron crawler, but is preferably a rubber crawler when used in a field. As shown in FIGS. 1, 5, 7, and 9, the strut assembly 36 of the front suspension 2 and the stabilizer 37 are connected to the left and right front portions of the square frame body 9, that is, the left and right sides of the front connection body 7. , Brackets 48A, 48B project upward and forward to form a front connecting portion 9F.

Notches 49A for receiving the rear axle case 5 are formed in the left and right rear portions of the square frame 9, that is, in the middle of the support plate 45, as shown in FIGS. A receiving bracket 49B for stopping the U-bolt 50 is fixed, and forms a rear connecting portion 9R. Therefore, the crawler traveling section D assembled and configured as described above places the assembled vehicle upper part U from above and bolts the strut assembly 36 and the stabilizer 37 to the brackets 48A and 48B of the front coupling section 9F, respectively. The rear axle case 5 is engaged with the notch 49A,
In addition, simply by fitting the U bolt 50 so as to sandwich the rear axle case 5 and fixing it to the receiving bracket 49B,
And the crawler traveling section D are assembled.

The disassembly of the full crawler type vehicle 1 can be performed simply by removing the bolts of the front and rear connecting portions 9F and 9R and lifting the upper portion U of the vehicle upward. When disassembling and assembling, the crawler 10 of the crawler traveling unit D may be either removed or wound. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a transmission means 14 for transmitting power from the rear axle 4 to the rear sprocket 12 is disposed at the rear of the crawler traveling section D. The brake device 16 at the outer end of the rear axle case 5 is located on the outer surface side of the support plate 45, and is arranged within the width of the track frame 6 together with the transmission means 14.

The transmission means 14 has a drive transmission 19 provided on a drive shaft 18 and a driven transmission 21 provided on a driven shaft 20 to which power is transmitted from the drive transmission 19. The drive transmission 19 and the driven transmission 21 are sprockets having different diameters, and a chain 52 is wound around the drive transmission 19 and the driven transmission 21 to constitute chain transmission means. The drive shaft 18 has a shaft mounting body 18A, and is removably fixed to a brake disc 16A at the outer end of the rear axle 4 from outside through a bolt or the like, and the driven shaft 20 has a shaft mounting body 20A. And is detachably fixed to the rear sprocket 12 via bolts from outside.

The drive transmission 19 and the driven transmission 21 are surrounded by a split transmission case 15, and the transmission case 15 is opposed to the drive shaft 18 and the driven shaft 20 via bearings. It is rotatably supported. The transmission means 1
4 can be assembled separately from the main body portion of the crawler traveling section D in a state incorporated in the transmission case 15, and in the assembled state, the shaft mounting body 18A is attached to the brake disc 1
6A, the shaft mounting body 20A to the rear sprocket 12,
Each is fixed via a bolt from the outside in the axial direction.

In FIGS. 10 and 11, the drive transmission 19 is set to have a large diameter and the driven transmission 21 is set to have a small diameter so that the speed increasing power is transmitted from the rear axle 4 to the rear sprocket 12. The shaft mounting body 18A and the shaft mounting body 20A
If the bolt hole positions are the same, the transmission case 15 is turned back and forth as shown in FIG.
8A can be fixed to the rear sprocket 12, and the shaft mounting body 20A can be fixed to the brake disc 16A, respectively.
It can be set to transmit the deceleration power from the rear axle 4 to the rear sprocket 12.

The full crawler type vehicle 1 is a small special vehicle when the maximum traveling speed on the road is less than 15 km / h, and a large special vehicle when the maximum traveling speed is less than 45 km / h. Therefore, the engine speed is limited to around the maximum torque, and the maximum road traveling speed is set to 15 km / h in two modes, namely, deceleration and acceleration obtained by reversing the transmission means 14.
/ H and 45 km / h can be changed so that one type of full crawler type vehicle 1 can be shared by two types of vehicles.

The transmission means 14 includes a shaft mounting body 18.
A and the shaft mounting body 20A may be formed with bolt holes at two different positions, a gear transmission means may be used in place of the chain transmission means, and a constant velocity Transmission may be provided. The transmission case 15 incorporating the transmission means 14 is formed to have a small width in the left-right direction. As shown in FIG. 11, the transmission case 15 is disposed inward of the transmission case 15 together with the rear sprocket 12 and the brake device 16 so as to fall within the width of the crawler 10. So that even when the crawler traveling unit D travels, it does not come into contact with an external obstacle.

In FIGS. 13 to 15, the pitman arm 24 of the steering device 25 is pivotally supported by a lower front component member 53 of the upper part U of the vehicle via a support shaft 55, and a tie rod connected to the front wheel knuckle is removed. Instead, the connecting body 56 is fixed. The connecting body 56 is provided with a pair of left and right long holes 57 and pins 58. The left and right slots 57 are engaged with the respective piston rod tips of a pair of left and right air dampers constituting the return means 31, and compress the air dampers in the same direction when the pitman arm 24 swings by steering of the handle 40. The restoring force causes the pitman arm 24 to return to the center from the swing position. The base of the air damper is pivotally supported by a lower front mounting member 54.

The left and right pins 58 of the connecting body 56 respectively
A connecting tool 60 at one end of the inner wire 30A is fitted and connected via a long hole 60A. The interlocking wire 30 is a Bowden wire or a push-pull wire, and both ends of the outer wire 30B are attached to the front lower attachment member 54 and the support plate 6 fixed to the upper part U of the vehicle.
1 and the other end of the inner wire 30 </ b> A is connected to left and right ends of the equalizer member 27.

The swinging of the pitman arm 24 by the steering of the steering wheel pulls one of the inner wires 30A, and swings the equalizer member 27 to operate the steering-side brake device 16 via the wire 26 as shown in FIG. A braking force is applied to the traveling of one of the right and left crawlers 10, thereby steering the full crawler type vehicle 1. In the steering state shown in FIG. 15, the parking brake lever 43 is operated to
Is pulled, the center of the equalizer member 27 is pulled, and the steering-side wire 26 is in a pulled state, so that state is maintained, and the equalizer member 27 swings and pulls the non-steer-side wire 26. Both the left and right brake devices 16 enter the braking state.

The equalizer member 27 using the wire 42
Is in the same direction as the interlocking wire 30 and does not fight, so that the wire 26 can be pulled by both wires 30 and 42. Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be variously modified. For example, the vehicle may have a vehicle upper portion U of a one-box type or a tractor type, a front wheel suspension device of a double wishbone type or the like, a rear wheel suspension device of a four-link or semi-trailing type or the like. Preferably, the left and right crawlers 10 are within the width of the upper part U of the vehicle, but may be exposed to the outside. In the track frame 6, the frame member 44 and the support plate 45 may be integrally formed.

[0029]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the upper part U of the vehicle and the crawler traveling part D can be assembled independently of each other, and the assembling of each can be simplified. Simply mounting the vehicle upper part U and connecting the front suspension 2 and the rear axle case 5 to the front and rear connection parts 9F and 9R of the square frame body 9 can easily assemble the entire vehicle.

Further, the power transmission system can be assembled simply by attaching the transmission means 14 to the rear axle 4 and the rear sprocket 12 from the outside in the axial direction, so that the disassembling and assembling work can be performed extremely easily and easily. Since the crawler traveling section D is configured as a rectangular frame 9 in which the left and right track frames 6 are connected in advance by the front and rear connecting bodies 7 and 8, the strength can be increased with a simple configuration.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective overall perspective view of a full crawler type vehicle.

FIG. 3 is an overall side view of a full crawler type vehicle.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a crawler traveling unit.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the rectangular frame.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a square frame.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a rectangular frame.

FIG. 8 is a rear view of the rectangular frame.

FIG. 9 is a sectional front view of a front portion of a crawler traveling unit.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a rear portion of a crawler traveling unit.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional rear view of a rear portion of the crawler traveling unit.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a rear portion of the crawler traveling unit in which a transmission unit is in a deceleration state.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of the steering device.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory plan view of a steering device and a parking brake device.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory plan view showing the steering state in FIG. 14;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Full crawler type vehicle 2 Front suspension 3 Rear suspension 4 Rear axle 5 Rear axle case 6 Track frame 7 Front connection body 8 Rear connection body 9 Square frame 9F Front connection part 9R Rear connection part 10 Crawler 11 Front sprocket 12 Rear sprocket 13 Track roller 14 Transmission means 15 Transmission case 16 Brake device 18 Drive shaft 19 Drive transmission body 20 Followed shaft 21 Followed transmission body 22 Axis 24 Pitman arm 31 Return means U Upper part of vehicle D Crawler traveling part

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shizuo Kawanishi 1-1, Daihatsu-cho, Ikeda-shi, Osaka Daihatsu Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Takashi Terada 64, Ishizukita-cho, Sakai-shi, Osaka Kubota Sakai Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-50-85039 (JP, A) JP-A-6-47082 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B62D 55/10

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A respective pair of left and right suspensions (2,3) provided on the front and rear, supporting the rear axle cases for the right and left rear axle (4) (5) in the right and left rear suspension (3), the left
At each outer end of the right rear axle (4),
A brake disk (16A) is provided and this brake disk
Steering device (25) for braking (16A) and parking
A vehicle brake device (28) is provided to assemble the upper part (U) of the vehicle; a pair of left and right track frames (6) are connected by front and rear connecting bodies (7, 8) to form a square frame (9). Front and rear sprockets (11, 12) for winding a crawler (10) around a track frame (6) and a track roller (1)
3) is provided to assemble the crawler traveling portion (D); the vehicle upper portion (U) is placed on the crawler traveling portion (D) from above, and the front suspension (2) and the rear axle case (5) are framed in a square frame. A brake disc connected to the front and rear connection portions (9F, 9R) of the body (9) and provided on the rear axle (4)
(16A) and the transmission means (1 ) to the rear sprocket (12).
4) A method of assembling a full crawler type vehicle, wherein the vehicle is mounted axially from outside. 2. A crawler running part (D) for moving an upper part (U) of the vehicle.
The upper part (U) of the vehicle has a pair of left and right suspensions (2, 3) at the front and rear, and a rear axle case (5) for the left and right rear axles (4) is provided at the left and right rear suspensions (3). ), And the outer ends of the left and right rear axles (4)
The brake disc (16A) of the brake device (16).
The steering to brake the brake disc (16A)
A ring device (25) and a parking brake device (28) are installed.
The crawler running unit (D) connects the pair of left and right track frames (6) with front and rear connecting bodies (7, 8) to form a square frame (9), and each track frame (6) Support the front and rear sprockets (11, 12) and the track rollers (13), and wrap the crawler (10) around these.
The front suspension (2) and the rear axle case (5) of the upper part (U) of the vehicle are connected to the front and rear connection parts (9F,
9R) and a brake provided on the rear axle (4)
A transmission means (14) for transmitting power from the disc (16A) to the rear sprocket (12) is provided, and the right and left track frames (6) are previously connected by a front and rear connection body (7, 8). ), A front connection portion (9F) for retrofitting the front suspension (2) and a rear connection portion (9R) for retrofitting the left and right rear axle cases (5) are formed, and the rear sprocket (12) is connected to the rear axle (4). A full crawler type vehicle characterized in that a transmission means (14) for transmitting power to the vehicle is detachably provided in the axial direction from the outside.