JP3202005B2 - Automatic meter reading system for electric power - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention makes it possible to perform meter reading of watt-hour meters installed in a plurality of distributed areas, and to remotely control on / off of a load from a center side. The present invention relates to an automatic power meter reading system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a customer such as a factory with a large contract power receives a high voltage (6.6 kV), an extra high voltage (22 kV) or an ultra-high voltage (66 kV) at a main substation, and then distributes the power to a plurality of customers. Power is transmitted to the substations in the area, and each substation converts the voltage to a lower voltage and supplies power to the load. In general, the measurement of the amount of electric power used in these facilities is performed by a method in which a meter reader periodically reads a watt-hour meter installed in each area and totals the measured value.

[0003]

However, when a large number of watt-hour meters installed in a wide area are visually read, and the work of counting and writing them on a form or the like is performed by a limited number of meter readers at the same time. This imposes a heavy burden on meter readers, and erroneous recognition and erroneous writing are unavoidable due to errors of the meter readers and lack of attention. On the other hand, when responding to the peak amount of electricity
Off operation and short time (for example, 1
(30 minutes, 30 minutes), it is very troublesome to confirm the reduction of the power consumption by telephone communication with the management department and each area, and repeatedly perform a load stop announcement by extension broadcasting to each area according to a preset procedure. Inconveniences such as improper turning off of the load or unnecessarily turning off the load due to a crossover were likely to occur. For this reason, there has been a demand on the customer side for a system that can speed up meter reading data processing and save labor by automating meter reading, and can suppress power consumption by appropriate on / off control of a load.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of claim 1 is divided into a main computer and a sub-computer installed on the center side and connected to each other via a network, and a main computer on the center side. Relay terminal, a meter-reading terminal connected to the relay terminal via a communication line, a watt-hour meter with a pulse transmitter and a control circuit connected to the meter-reading terminal, and an open / close switch for turning on / off the load via the control circuit. An automatic meter reading system for an electric power meter, comprising: an opening section; and a command / response signal between a center side main computer or a sub-computer and a non-metering end to exchange meter reading of a watt hour meter and ON / OFF of a load. Off remote control function and communication of command / response signals between the center side main computer or sub computer and meter reading terminal In the automatic power metering system having a function of collectively processing the measurement values and the load information and displaying the collected data on a screen and printing out the data in real time, storing the measured values measured at predetermined time intervals. provided with a power demand calculating means to predict the cumulative electric power consumption, a control circuit and switching unit, transceiver
Section, logic section, relay contact, magnet coil, open / close transmission
It is characterized by comprising a mechanism, a switching contact and a switching contact state monitoring unit .

[0005] The invention of claim 2 is simple as a communication line.
A mobile telephone communication network (PHS) is used.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system configuration according to the first embodiment of the present invention. On the center side, a main computer 2 installed in all area management departments (control rooms) 1 and sub-computers 4 installed in main substations (not shown) and offices 3 in each area are LAN (Local Area).
Network), and the same processing as the main computer 2 can be performed by remote control from the sub computer 4.

In this embodiment, the main computer 2 on the center side is connected to a repeater (relay terminal) 5 for performing data conversion via an RS485 line as a transmission path, and each area SS
-1, SS-2,..., RS-N branched from repeater 5 in SS-N
The meter reading terminal 6 is connected via a 485 line, and the meter reading terminal 6 and a control circuit 9 for turning on / off the watt hour meter 7 and the load 8 are connected via a communication line 10 or the like.

[0008] The transmission line is not limited to the RS485 line, and depending on the location conditions of the customer, the communication equipment, the power equipment, and other conditions, the distribution line conveyance via an overhead wire or a power cable sheath, Alternatively, communication means such as a private line telephone line, a simplified portable telephone communication network (PHS), and a low-power radio equipment can be used. Here, the watt-hour meter 7 has a pulse transmitter, and a pulse corresponding to the measured value is output and input to each meter reading terminal 6. Meter reading terminal 6
, Integrates the pulse signal from the watt-hour meter 7, stores it as a meter reading value, has an RS485 interface, and transmits meter reading information in response to a command from the center side.

In each area, the load 8 and the meter reading terminal 6
A control circuit 9 and an opening / closing unit 11 are provided between them, and when power consumption suppression or limitation such as a peak cut of electric energy in the afternoon in summer occurs, the opening / closing unit is opened via the control circuit 9 from the center side via the meter reading terminal 6. 11 sets (on) / clear (off)
It transmits and receives signals such as commands and trip information, and performs remote control of the load 8 while determining whether on / off is necessary according to the degree of importance.

The main computer 2 stores the measured values of the watt-hour meter 7 in each area and functions as a meter reading data information collecting and processing device, and also performs various forms output of meter reading data and graph display. For example, every month (at 0:00 switching on a specific day), every day (at 0:00 switching),
It has a meter reading setting function of 30 minutes and 1 minute, and displays a forecast graph of the power demand for 30 minutes based on the data increase / decrease result every minute, and turns off the load appropriately from the center side. Further, here, it is possible to cope with the power amount management by, for example, setting and inputting the load off according to the importance in accordance with several pattern conditions in advance. The transmission line in the system according to the embodiment of the present invention has the configuration shown in Table 1.

[0011]

[Table 1]

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a signal frame configuration of the RS485 line. In FIG. 2, the area address is the identification number of the repeater, and the address is the identification number of the meter reading terminal. In this system, the watt-hour meter is
Up to 32 can be connected, and the area can support up to 16 areas. In other words, it is a scale that manages a maximum of 512 power amounts from the center side.

FIG. 3 shows the signal transmission / reception timing on the RS485 line. In this embodiment, a maximum of 67 times is required between the transmission of the command from the center side and the reception of the meter reading result.
Requires 0mS.

Next, FIG. 4 shows the meter reading terminal 6 and the load 8 shown in FIG.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration example of a control circuit 9 and an opening / closing unit 11 disposed therebetween. As shown in the figure, a power supply unit 13 is provided branching from a wiring 12 to a load 8, and a waveform is shaped to supply a rectangular wave pulse or a constant level DC power to the control circuit 9. In addition, an on / off control signal from the meter reading terminal 6 is transmitted to the transmission / reception unit 14 of the control circuit 9 by a center command.
Is received, the relay 16 is driven via the logic unit 15, the contact 17 is opened and closed, and the magnet coil 18 is operated to open and close a transmission mechanism (not shown) such as a plunger and a lever.
The on / off remote control of the load is performed by driving the on / off contact 19 through the switch.

When a single device is connected to the load 8 and the load is light, the opening / closing unit is controlled so that the load is ON / OFF controlled only by a relay contact directly without using an opening / closing transmission mechanism such as the magnet coil 18. May be configured. In addition, the open / close operation state of the open / close contact 19 of the load 8 is set such that a hinge lever (not shown) is brought into contact with a predetermined position of the open / close lever (not shown), and the open / close operation is performed by a microswitch (not shown). ), The trip setting information to the load and the trip state information are taken into the open / close contact state monitoring unit 20 in the control circuit 9 and transmitted to the center side via the meter reading terminal 6 to operate the open / close contact 19. Can be confirmed.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a control circuit 21 of another configuration connected between the meter reading terminal 6 and the load 8 when the load is turned on / off in a customer having a private power generation facility, and the operation thereof. It is. In this figure, parts common to the control circuit 9 and the opening / closing section 11 are omitted. The control circuit 21 includes a power supply unit (not shown) for supplying DC power and a latch 22 which is activated by a trip permission set signal from the center side.

On the other hand, separately from the control circuit 21, the relay circuit 2
3 and external latch 2 activated by relay trip signal
And a logic circuit formed by combining the AND gates 25 and 26 and the OR gate 27.
A trip permission clear signal, a trip permission set signal, and a load control command signal input via the meter reading terminal 6 based on a relay trip signal from the third side and a command from the center side are input to the logic circuit. As a result, both the center side and the relay side are turned on only when the trip is set, and the trip coil (not shown) drives the on / off contact to finally perform on / off remote control of the load.

By setting in advance whether load interruption is possible or not, it is possible to prevent disconnection of an important load during a power failure or load suppression, or to maintain a trip state when a meter reading terminal goes down, and to switch between a power company power supply and a private power supply. To avoid the inconvenience associated with. In this way, for customers such as factories that have large areas where the contract power is large and have a wide range of branches, between the center side and each area, erroneous operation by man-machine I / F as well as meter reading is prevented, and the load switching function and load control Improve the reliability of the system such as confirmation.

Next, a second embodiment will be described.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a system configuration of the second embodiment.
In the figure, a plurality of center devices 31 and 32 are connected by a LAN 33. Communication lines 36 and 37 are connected to the LAN 33 via interface converters 34 and 35, and the other end of the communication lines 36 and 37 is connected to the meter reading terminal 3.
8, 39, and a load control terminal (DSM terminal) 40 are connected.

The meter terminals 38 and 39 are provided with an electric meter 4.
1 and 42, and a load 43 is connected to the DSM terminal 40. Here, the communication lines 36 and 37 are RS485 lines,
It is selected from distribution line carrier circuit, PHS, low power radio equipment, etc. according to the respective installation conditions. The center devices 31 and 32 connected to the LAN 33 are the main computer 2 and the sub computer 4 in the embodiment of FIG.
Therefore, the description of the operation is omitted.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the meter reading terminal 38 of FIG. Meter reading terminal 38 as shown
Are connected to the CPU 46, the connectors 46 to 48, the memory control unit 49, the communication line interface 50, the pulse input unit 51, the power supply circuit 52, the power failure monitoring unit 53, the power supply monitoring unit 54, the LED control unit 55, and the LED display unit. The communication line 36 is connected to the connectors 46 and 47, and the watt hour meter 41 is connected to the connector 48. The CPU 45 operates according to a program stored in the memory control unit 49 and performs operations shown in Table 2.

[0022]

[Table 2]

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of the DSM terminal 40 of FIG. As shown in the figure, the DSM terminal 40 includes a CPU 58 and connectors 58 to 6.
0, memory control unit 61, communication line interface 62,
A contact monitoring unit 63, a relay control unit 64, a relay open / close switch 65, a power supply circuit 66, a power supply monitoring unit 67, an LED control unit 68, an LED display unit 69, and a connector 5
The communication line 37 is connected to 8, 59, and the load 43 is connected to the connector 60. The CPU 57 operates according to a program stored in the memory control unit 61 and performs operations shown in Table 3. The load 43 connected to the connector 60 has a plurality of
If the load capacity increases due to the connection of other devices,
The load 43 connected to the connector 60 is also shown in FIG.
Drive the relay 16 to open and close the contact 17
The opening / closing transmission mechanism (shown in FIG.
The contact 43 is turned on, and the load 43 is turned on.
/ Off remote control.

[0024]

[Table 3]

FIG. 9 shows an RS485 connection to the communication line 36 of FIG.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a system configuration when a PHS is used for a communication line 37 as a line. RS4 used for this communication line 36
Since the 85 lines have already been described in the first embodiment of FIG. 1, detailed description will be omitted, and the PHS will be described. Each of the PHSs 71 to 73 includes a PHS telephone and a PHS interface device.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the PHS interface device. This device 74 includes an adapter unit 75 to which a PHS telephone is connected and a board 76 having an interface function. The substrate 76 is
It comprises external interface units 77 to 79, a logic unit 80, a setting display unit 81, and a power supply unit 82, and has the functions shown in Table 4.

[0027]

[Table 4]

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the substrate 76 of FIG. 10 in more detail. Substrate 76 as shown
Is configured around a CPU 83, and includes connectors 84 to 86 for connection to the outside of the apparatus and connectors 87 and 88 for connection to the inside of the apparatus. This substrate 7
6 can be connected to any of the PHSs 71 to 73 in FIG. 9, and in the case of the PHS 71 connected to the LAN 33 composed of the RS232C of the center devices 31 and 32, the selection circuit 91 is switched to the RS232C interface 89 side. The LAN 33 is connected to the connector 84.

The meter reading terminal 39 or the DSM terminal 40
In the case of the PHSs 72 and 73 connected to, the selection circuit 91 is switched to the RS485 interface 90 side,
Terminals 39 and 40 are connected to connectors 85 and 86. In addition, the board 76 is provided with a device power supply connector 1 from outside.
Power is input through the power supply circuit 98
Is sent to the PHS adapter via the connectors 87 and 88 and supplied to the PHS main body. Further, the state of the power supply and the operation state of the substrate 76 are displayed on the LED display units 100 and 101.

Next, the communication procedure in the PHS portion of FIG. 9 will be described. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the management of the terminal address of the center device 31. Here, the address is 1
It is assumed that the terminals 39 and 40 are connected to the PHS 72 using two bytes. In the illustrated example, when the center device 31 manages the meter reading terminal 39, the PHS is added to the device number of the own device.
The telephone number 72 and the address of the meter reading terminal 39 are added and used. Here, a command (call) message having the structure shown in Table 5 is sent between the center device 31 and the terminal 39, and a response message having the structure shown in Table 6 is returned.

[0031]

[Table 5]

[0032]

[Table 6]

When setting is made between the center device and the terminal, a setting message having the structure shown in Table 7 is sent, and a response message having the structure shown in Table 8 is returned.

[0034]

[Table 7]

[0035]

[Table 8]

If a transmission error occurs, an error response message having the structure shown in Table 9 is sent.

[0037]

[Table 9]

The contents of the abnormality information in Table 9 are shown in Table 10
Keep as follows.

[0039]

[Table 10]

FIG. 13 is a sequence diagram showing a transmission procedure between the center device and the terminal. The figure shows normal transmission, where the address of the protocol converter 1 is "LC0A8050A7D0",
The address of the protocol converter 2 is "P07051234567", and the address of the terminal is "TT0000000001". If a PHS or LAN is used for the transmission path, a separate procedure for line connection and link probability is required. Here, if an error occurs in the protocol converter 2 of FIG. 13, a response indicating the occurrence of the error is returned in the procedure of FIG. 14 when the message reaches the terminal.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, the meter values of a large number of watt-hour meters installed in each of the distributed areas are automatically collected, the meter reading data is processed at a high speed, and the meter reading is performed. The work load of the staff can be greatly reduced. In addition, load control makes it very easy to finely adjust the amount of power used.Even while conducting forecasts of power demand and checking power consumption based on meter reading data, consumers can use the main computer installed in all area management departments as well as the main computer. The same processing can be performed from sub-computers in a unit area such as offices distributed in various places, which contributes to reduction in power consumption and, consequently, energy saving.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system configuration according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a signal frame transmitted and received through an RS485 line of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing transmission and reception timings of signals transmitted and received on the RS485 line of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration example of a control circuit and an opening / closing unit of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating another configuration example of the control circuit of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a system configuration according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of the meter reading terminal of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of the DSM terminal of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a system configuration when a PHS is used in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an interface device part of the PHS of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the substrate of FIG.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating address management according to the second embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 13 is a sequence diagram showing an operation of the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a sequence diagram showing an operation of the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 All area management department (control room) 2 Main computer 3 Area office 4 Subcomputer 5 Repeater (relay terminal) 6 Meter-reading terminal 7 Watt-hour meter 8 Load 9 Control circuit 10 Communication line 11 Opening / closing unit 12 Wiring 13 Power supply unit 14 Transmitter / receiver 15 Logic unit 16 Relay 17 Contact 18 Magnet coil 19 Opening / closing contact 20 Opening / closing contact state monitoring unit 21 Control circuit 22 Latch 23 Relay circuit 24 Latch 25, 26 AND gate 27 OR gate 31, 32 Center device 33 LAN 34, 35 Interface conversion Units 36, 37 Communication lines 38, 39 Meter reading terminals 40 Load control terminals (DSM terminals) 41, 42 Watt hour meter 43 Loads 71 to 73 PHS

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-10-227813 (JP, A) JP-A-1-114903 (JP, A) JP-A-7-270460 (JP, A) Registered utility model 3022315 ( JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01R 11/00-11/66 G01R 21/00-22/00 130 G08C 15/00-15/12 H04Q 9/00 311

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A main computer and a sub-computer installed on a center side and connected to each other via a network, a relay terminal branched from the main computer on the center side, a meter reading terminal connected to the relay terminal via a communication line, An automatic power meter reading system comprising: a watt hour meter with a pulse transmitter connected to a meter reading terminal and a control circuit; and an opening / closing unit for turning on / off a load via the control circuit. A command / response signal is exchanged between the computer and the meter reading terminal to perform meter reading of the watt-hour meter and remote control of the load on / off, and between the center side main computer or subcomputer and the meter reading terminal. By communicating command / response signals, the collection of weighing values and load An automatic power meter reading system having a function of displaying and printing out data on a screen in real time, and a power demand calculating means for storing a measured value measured at predetermined time intervals and estimating an accumulated power consumption, and An automatic power metering system, wherein a circuit and a switching unit are configured by a transmission / reception unit, a logic unit, a relay contact, a magnet coil, an opening / closing transmission mechanism, an opening / closing contact, and an opening / closing contact state monitoring unit. 2. The automatic power metering system according to claim 1, wherein a simplified portable telephone communication network (PHS) is used as a communication line.