JP2003256970A - Management system for power - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a management system for power by which installation of many measuring apparatuses/controllers are enabled as suppressing increase of wiring. <P>SOLUTION: The management system for power is constituted so that protocol conversion is performed by an RS485 system and a micro LAN system and the measuring apparatuses/controllers are connected by bus by connecting a protocol converter 11 with a key communication line 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power management system for monitoring and controlling a center device through measuring instruments and control devices installed in a plurality of distributed areas.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional power management example will be described by taking a large customer such as a factory as an example. For customers such as factories with a large contracted power, after receiving high voltage (6.6kV), extra high voltage (22kV) or ultra high voltage (66kV) at the main substation, they are distributed to multiple substations in the area. The power is transmitted to each substation and converted to a lower voltage to supply power to the load.

For measuring the amount of electric power used in these facilities, a method in which a meter reader regularly reads and totalizes an electric energy meter installed in each area has been conventionally used. However, if a large number of meter-readers installed in a wide area are used to visually read, record, and total the number of meter-readers at the same time, a large burden is imposed on the meter-readers. Due to the error of the meter reader and lack of attention, misidentification and erroneous writing were unavoidable.

On the other hand, in response to the peak peak of electric energy, which is performed significantly in the afternoon in the summer, an off operation and a reduction in the amount of electric energy used for each short time (for example, 1 minute, 30 minutes) are performed depending on the importance of the load. For confirmation, telephone communication with the management department and each area,
It is necessary to perform extremely troublesome work such as repeating load stop announcements by extension broadcasting according to the preset procedure for each area, and further, turning off the load unnecessarily or turning off the load unnecessarily due to the miscommunication of telephone communication, etc. Inconvenience was also likely to occur.

Due to these circumstances, a system that enables the consumer side to speed up the meter reading data processing and to save labor by automating the meter reading, and to suppress the amount of power consumption by appropriately controlling the load on / off. Was desired. The present applicant, who has found out the above-mentioned problems, has conducted earnest research, and conducts communication between the main computer on the center side and the meter-reading terminal connected via a relay terminal / communication line to perform power management. We invented the meter-reading system and filed a patent application (Japanese Patent Application No. 11-96533). And this patent application
It has been patented as Japanese Patent No. 3202005.

[0006]

Now, although such an automatic meter reading system for electric power is in widespread use because it is convenient,
There is a demand to improve the usability and spread it more than the current situation. In the prior art, for example, the RS485 system is adopted as a communication line, but in addition to this, a branch communication line that branches from this RS485 communication line is provided,
There has been a demand for installing measuring instruments and control equipment at many points of this branch communication line. However, such installation may be difficult due to the wiring.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve these problems, and an object thereof is to manage electric power such that a large number of measuring instruments and control devices can be installed while suppressing an increase in wiring. To provide a system.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the power management system of claim 1, a measuring instrument / control device for power management and a center device are connected to a communication line. A power management system in which a center device communicates with a measuring instrument / control device at a remote location to manage power, and is connected to the center device and connected to a bus-type connectable backbone communication line and a backbone communication line. Measuring equipment, control equipment connected to the backbone communication line, protocol converter connected to the backbone communication line, branch communication line connected via the protocol converter and connectable by bus, and branch communication line The center device includes a measuring instrument connected to the branch communication line and a control device connected to the branch communication line.The center device communicates with the measuring instrument / control device connected to the backbone communication line, and also via the protocol converter. Branch Communicating with the connected meter and control equipment signal line, and performs power management.

According to a second aspect of the power management system of the first aspect, in the power management system of the first aspect, the branch communication line connected to the protocol converter is a LAN line based on a one-wire bus system. Is characterized in that.

According to the power management system of claim 3, in the power management system of claim 1 or 2, the measuring instrument connected to the backbone communication line is a measuring instrument with a pulse oscillator. The control device that includes the connected meter-reading terminal and the power amount sensor that detects the amount of power by the voltage sensor and the current sensor, and that is connected to the backbone communication line is a load control terminal that turns on / off the contact. It is characterized by including.

According to a fourth aspect of the power management system of the present invention, in the power management system of any one of the first to third aspects, the measuring instrument connected to the branch communication line has a temperature A control device that includes a temperature measuring unit that measures the temperature, and a control device that is connected to the branch communication line includes a contact input unit that monitors the state of the contact, a contact output unit that turns the contact on and off,
It is characterized by including.

According to a fifth aspect of the power management system, in the power management system according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the control device connected to the branch communication line is an air conditioner. The measuring instrument including a contact output unit for turning on / off the contact point of the facility and connected to the branch communication line includes a pipe outer peripheral surface attached to the air conditioning facility and a temperature measuring unit disposed in the room, and a center device. Is characterized by controlling the air conditioning equipment through a contact output unit connected to the branch communication line so as to maintain the room at a set temperature based on the temperature measurement value measured by the temperature measurement unit of the branch communication line.

According to a sixth aspect of the power management system of the present invention, in the power management system according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the measuring instrument connected to the backbone communication line is a pulse. WHM (Watt
Hour Meter), a gas meter, and a meter reading terminal for a water meter, and the center device is characterized by comprehensively monitoring the amount of electric power, the amount of gas used, and the amount of tap water used.

Further, according to the power management system of claim 7, in the power management system of any one of claims 1 to 6, the relay is provided between the center device and the backbone communication line. It is characterized by interposing a communication line and / or a protocol converter.

According to an eighth aspect of the power management system of the present invention, in the power management system of any one of the first to seventh aspects, the center device includes a main computer and a sub computer networked together. It is a computer.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A first embodiment of the power management system of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a power management system of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the power management system includes a center device 1, a backbone communication line 2, a power meter 3, a meter reading terminal 4, a water / gas meter 5, a meter reading terminal 6, a load 7, a DSM terminal 8, and a simple meter reading. The terminal 9, the electric energy sensor 10, the protocol converter 11, the branch communication line 12, the temperature measuring unit 13, the contact input unit 14, and the contact output unit 15 are provided.

The center device 1 is a main computer installed in all area management departments (control rooms). As shown in FIG. 2, this center device includes a main computer 1a installed on the center side and a sub computer 1b installed in an office or the like in each area.
An AN (Local Area Network) 1c may be connected so that the same processing as that of the main computer 1a can be performed by remote control from the sub computer 1b.

The backbone communication line 2 is a system capable of long-distance communication as a communication system, and preferably the RS485 system is adopted. The transmission format of the main communication line in the center device in this embodiment is as follows.

[0019]

[Table 1]

The electric energy meter 3 has a pulse oscillator,
A pulse corresponding to the measured value is output. The electric energy meters 3 are arranged at a plurality of required locations, and pulses are input to the meter-reading terminals 4, respectively. The meter-reading terminal 4 integrates the pulses from the electric energy meter 3 and stores it as a meter-reading value, and also transmits meter-reading information according to a command command from the center device 1 via an RS485 interface incorporated therein.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the internal structure of the meter-reading terminal 4. As shown, the meter-reading terminal 4 is a CPU
4a as a center, connectors 4b, 4c, 4d, memory control unit 4e, communication line interface 4f, pulse input unit 4g, power supply circuit 4h, power failure monitoring unit 4i, power supply monitoring unit 4
j, an LED control section 4k, and an LED display section 41. The backbone communication line 2 is connected to the connectors 4b and 4c, and the electric energy meter 3 is connected to the connector 4d. The CPU 4a operates according to a program stored in the memory control unit 4e and performs the operation shown in Table 2.

[0022]

[Table 2]

The water / gas meter 5 also has a pulse transmitter, and outputs a pulse corresponding to the measured value. The water and gas meters 5 are arranged at a plurality of required places, and pulses are input to the meter-reading terminals 6, respectively. Meter-reading terminal 6
The pulse meter from the water / gas meter 5 is integrated and stored as a meter reading value, and meter reading information is transmitted via a built-in RS485 interface in response to a command command from the center apparatus 1.

The load 7 is various known loads in use. The load control terminal (DSM terminal) 8 is a terminal for monitoring and controlling the load 7. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the DSM terminal 8. As shown in the figure, the DSM terminal 8 has the connectors 8b, 8c,
8d, memory controller 8e, communication line interface 8
f, a contact monitoring unit 8g, a relay control unit 8h, a relay opening / closing switch 8i, a power supply circuit 8j, a power supply monitoring unit 8k, an LED control unit 8l, and an LED display unit 8m, and the backbone communication line 2 is connected to the connectors 8b and 8c. Load 7 on connector 8d
Are connected. The CPU 8a operates according to a program stored in the memory control unit 8e and performs the operation shown in Table 3.

[0025]

[Table 3]

For example, in the case of the single-phase two-wire low-voltage power distribution system, the simplified meter-reading terminal 9 is connected to a current transformer (not shown) as a current sensor to input a current value (I), and a voltage value. (V)
And cos θ (power factor) are separately set, the electric power amount (W) is calculated from W = VIcos θ and is transmitted according to a command command from the center device 1 via the built-in RS485 interface.

The electric energy sensor 10 includes a current sensor 10a and a voltage sensor 10b, and measures the electric energy by the current value and the voltage value detected by the current sensor 10a and the voltage sensor 10b. Then, the electric energy sensor 10
Transmits meter-reading information according to a command command from the center device 1 via the built-in RS485 interface.

The protocol converter 11 includes the backbone communication line 2
Is further connected to the branch communication line 12.
Then, the communication protocols of the RS485 system used in the backbone communication line 2 and the micro LAN system used in the branch communication line 12 are converted.

Here, the micro LAN is a one-wire bus system developed by Dallas Semiconductor.
The temperature measurement unit 1 is attached to the cable including the ground line and the signal line
3, a system in which the contact input unit 14, the contact output unit 15 and the like are connected to enable measurement and control. Bidirectional data communication and power supply can be done with a single signal line,
Wiring can be performed more easily than in the conventional method.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the connection of the protocol converter, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the protocol converter. The protocol converter 11, as shown in FIG.
It uses a 100 V power source as a power source and is connected to the branch communication line 12 and the backbone communication line 2 of the micro LAN system.
As will be described later, an RS232C system connection unit is provided so that it can be connected to a LAN or PHS mobile terminal.
They can be connected as needed.

As shown in FIG. 6, the protocol converter 11 includes RS232C interface units 11a and RS.
485 interface unit 11b, setting function unit 11c,
Communication function unit 11d, temperature measurement function unit 11e, DO function unit 11f, DI function unit 11g, address holding function unit 11
h, debug port interface unit 11i, micro LAN interface unit 11j, setting function unit 11k
Is equipped with. In addition to the communication system, the bind function unit 1
1l, backup function unit 11m, display function unit 11n,
A switch (SW) 11o and an LED 11p are also provided.

RS232C interface section 11a
Is a connection unit used when connecting to a communication line of RS232C system, and is not connected in the case of the backbone communication line 2 of RS485 system. The RS485 interface unit 11b is a connection unit connected to the backbone communication line 2. The setting function unit 11c is specifically a jumper switching unit, and includes an RS232C interface unit 11a,
Alternatively, either of the RS485 interface units 11b can be selected. In this embodiment, R
The S485 interface unit 11b is selected.

The communication function unit 11d is an upper system RS4.
Protocol conversion is performed between the 85 system and the micro LAN system. The temperature measurement function unit 11e performs control to measure room temperature / surface temperature using temperature data transmitted from the temperature measurement unit 13 described in detail later. The correction value can be set using this temperature data.

The DO function section 11f controls ON / OFF of external contacts through a contact output section 15 which will be described in detail later. The DI function unit 11g is a contact input unit 1 which will be described in detail later.
The state of the contact connected to 4 is monitored.

The address holding function unit 11h is a micro L
ID data for identifying the temperature measuring unit 13, the contact input unit 14, and the contact output unit 15 connected on the branch communication line 12 which is an AN is stored in an EEPROM (Electrically Erasabl).
e Programmable ROM). The debug port interface unit 11i is a connection unit such as a computer (not shown) and is used, for example, when rewriting the ID data of the address holding function unit 11h.

Micro LAN interface section 11j
Is connected to the branch communication line 12 and transmits / receives to / from the temperature measuring unit 13, the contact input unit 14, and the contact output unit 15. The setting function unit 11k includes the temperature measuring unit 13, contact input unit 14,
The power supply method of the contact output unit 15 and the like are set.

The binding function unit 11l includes a switch 11o.
When the switch 11o is pressed and the switch 11o is pressed, the ID data stored and held by the temperature measuring unit 13, the contact input unit 14, and the contact output unit 15 are acquired, and the EEP described above is acquired.
Store in ROM. The backup function unit 11m stores the states of the temperature measuring unit 13, the contact input unit 14, and the contact output unit 15 in the EEPROM when a power failure is detected. The display unit 11n displays the operating status of the protocol converter 11 as LE
Display with D11p.

The temperature measuring unit 13 (see FIGS. 1 and 5) connected to the branch communication line 12 can measure the temperature. Specifically, it has a function of A / D converting a voltage signal input by a temperature sensor such as a thermocouple to convert it into temperature data. FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the temperature measuring unit. As shown in FIG. 7, a micro LAN interface unit 13a, a setting function unit 13b, a communication function unit 13c, a temperature measurement function unit 13d, and a correction value setting function unit 13e are provided.

Micro LAN interface section 13a
Is a connection unit connected to the branch communication line 12. The setting function unit 13b uses a jumper to determine the power supply method (parasite power supply method / direct DC5V supply method).

The communication function unit 13c includes the protocol converter 1
1 can be transmitted and received via a branch communication line 12 which is a single line. The communication function unit 13c has a memory unit (not shown) in which ID data is registered, which will be described later. The temperature measuring function unit 13d is specifically a semiconductor thermocouple. This semiconductor thermocouple detects a temperature by utilizing a phenomenon that an electromotive force is generated by carrier movement due to a temperature gradient in the semiconductor. By adopting such a semiconductor thermocouple, it is possible to measure a minute temperature change of the object to be measured. The electric signal output from this semiconductor thermocouple is used as temporary temperature data with a predetermined resolution.

The correction value setting function section 13e has a function of adding a preset correction value to the measured temperature measurement value. Such a correction function can be performed by, for example, arranging the temperature measuring unit 13 on the outer circumference of a pipe (not shown), and
When measuring the temperature of gas, the temperature difference inside and outside the pipe is corrected. The temporary temperature data acquired previously is added to a preset correction value to be temperature data. This temperature data is digital data.

The contact input section 14 (see FIGS. 1 and 5) connected to the branch communication line 12 monitors the state of the contact. For example, the relay trip state of the contact relay of the opening / closing part is monitored. The contact output unit 15 (see FIGS. 1 and 5) connected to the branch communication line 12 turns on / off the contact of the load. For example, the contact relay of the opening / closing part is turned on / off.

FIG. 8 shows the contact input unit 14 and the contact output unit 15.
It is a block diagram of. Contact input unit 14 and contact output unit 15
Have the common configuration shown in FIG.
4 or the contact output unit 15 is properly used. The contact input unit 14 and the contact input unit 15 will be collectively described below. As shown in FIG. 8, the contact input unit 14 includes a micro LAN interface unit 14a, a communication function unit 14b, a DI function unit 14c, a DO function unit 14d, a latch circuit 14e, a contact interface unit 14f, and a setting function unit 14g. There is.

Micro LAN interface section 14a
Is a connection unit connected to the branch communication line 12. The communication function unit 14b is configured to be able to transmit / receive with the protocol converter 11 via the one-line branch communication line 12.
The communication function unit 14b has a memory unit (not shown) in which ID data is registered, which will be described later.

The DI function section 14c monitors the state of the connected contacts. The DO function unit 14d is not used in the contact input unit 14. The latch circuit 14e holds the input contact state data. Contact interface part 14f
Is a connecting portion for connecting to the contact of the load. Setting function section 1
4g determines the power supply method (parasite power supply method / direct DC5V supply method) with a jumper.

The contact output section 15 has the same structure as the contact input section 14, but the DO function section 14d is used instead of the DI function section 14c to turn on the load contact.
/ OFF control is performed. The contact output unit 15 also has a memory unit (not shown) in which ID data is registered.

The configuration of this embodiment is as described above. However, the center device 1 may be connected to the relay communication line 17 via the relay protocol conversion device 16 as shown in FIG. Various communication methods can be adopted in the relay communication line 17, and for example, various methods (such as Ethernet) used in LAN (Local Area Network) and mobile communication (for example,
There is a method using a PHS (Personal Hnady-Phone System) or the like. The method of the relay communication line 17 is appropriately selected according to the actual situation.

Next, communication by such a power management system will be described. First, backbone communication will be described. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a signal frame structure of an RS485 line. In FIG. 10, the area address is a repeater-side identification number when a repeater (not shown) is installed, and the terminal address is an identification number of a meter-reading terminal or the like.
With this system, up to 32 electric energy meters can be connected to one area, and up to 16 electric power meters can be connected to that area. That is, the scale is such that a maximum of 512 electric energy is managed from the center side. Note that the power management system shown in FIG. 1 does not have a repeater because the area is one area.

FIG. 11 is a timing chart showing signal transmission / reception timings on the RS485 line. As shown in FIG. 11, a maximum of 670 mS is required from the transmission of the command from the center device 1 side to the reception of the meter reading result.

In such a power management system (see FIG. 1), if the center device 1 outputs the terminal address of the meter-reading terminal 4 and the data reply command, the meter-reading terminal 4 receives the meter-reading data and then reads the meter. Output the data. These are transmitted to the center apparatus 1 via the trunk communication line 2 of the RS485 system.

Further, when the center device 1 outputs the terminal address of the meter-reading terminal 6 and the data reply command, the meter-reading terminal 6 outputs the meter-reading data on water and gas after receiving them. These are transmitted to the center apparatus 1 via the trunk communication line 2 of the RS485 system.

If the center device 1 outputs the terminal address of the DSM terminal 8 and various commands, the DSM
After receiving them, the terminal 8 performs monitoring / control and the like. For example, the contact connected to the load 7 is monitored to monitor the on / off state of the power source, or the contact connected to the load 7 is controlled to perform the on / off control of the power source.

When the center device 1 outputs the terminal address of the simplified type meter reading terminal 9 and the data reply command, the simplified type meter reading terminal 9 outputs various kinds of meter reading data after receiving them. These are transmitted to the center apparatus 1 via the trunk communication line 2 of the RS485 system.

Further, if the center device outputs the terminal address of the electric energy sensor 10 and the data reply command, the electric energy sensor 10 receives the current and the voltage detected by the current sensor 10a and the voltage detected by the voltage sensor 10b. The power amount data representing the power amount obtained by multiplying by is output. The electric energy data is transmitted to the center apparatus 1 via the trunk communication line 2 of the RS485 system.

The following monitoring / control is performed in such a backbone communication line. For example, the center device 1 stores the measured value of the electric energy meter 3 in each area, functions as a meter reading data information collecting and processing device, and outputs various forms of meter reading data and displays a graph. For example, it has a meter setting function for each month (0:00 switching on a specific day), every day (0:00 switching), 30 minutes, and 1 minute. Also, 30 minutes power demand can be obtained from the data increase / decrease result every 1 minute. The prediction graph is displayed and the load is appropriately turned off from the center side. In addition, the power amount management may be performed by setting and inputting the load off according to the degree of importance for each of several pattern conditions in advance.

In addition, when power consumption is restricted or limited, such as the peak power cut in the afternoon in summer, D from the center side
Signals such as set (on) / clear (off) commands for the load 7 and trip information are transmitted and received via the SM terminal 8, and remote control of the load 7 is performed while determining whether to turn on / off according to the importance. .

Communication through the protocol converter 11 will be described next. First, the communication between the temperature measuring unit 13, the contact input unit 14, the contact output unit 15 and the protocol converter 11 connected to the branch communication line 2 will be limitedly described. Each of the temperature measuring unit 13, the contact input unit 14, and the contact output unit 15 has ID data. The ID data is used to specify / specify the device similarly to the terminal address, but the case of being used for the micro LAN is particularly referred to as ID data for distinction.

This ID data has a data structure as shown in FIG. This ID data is 8-bit CRC
Code, 48-bit serial number (micro LAN
, Which is determined by Dallas Semiconductor Inc., which is an 8-bit family code (for example, a product name code pre-assigned to a commercially available temperature measuring unit, DE
The code is 18B20).

When the ID data having such a data structure is output from the protocol converter 11 to the branch communication line 12, the temperature measuring unit 13, the contact input unit 14, and the contact output unit 15 respectively take in the ID data, Each of the ID data is compared and collated with the ID data registered in the EEPROM held by itself, and if they match, monitoring / control and the like are started.

For example, when the temperature measuring unit 13 receives the ID data, the temperature measuring unit 13 measures the temperature and outputs the temperature data, and the temperature data is transferred to the protocol converter 11.
Send to. Further, when the contact input unit 14 receives the ID data, the condition of the contact of the load is monitored (for example, the relay trip condition of the contact relay of the switching unit is monitored), and the monitoring data is output. Is transmitted to the protocol converter 11. Furthermore, the contact output unit 15 has an ID
When the data is received, a command to turn on / off the contact of the load (for example, to turn on / off the contact relay of the opening / closing section) is output to turn on / off the contact of the load (not shown).
Turn off control.

Next, based on the communication system of the branch communication system described above, the monitoring / control performed by the center device 1 via the protocol converter 11 will be described. When the power management system is started up, terminal addresses are given to all the measuring instruments and control devices connected to the backbone communication line 2 and the branch communication line 12. The center device 1 is connected to the protocol converter 11 and the branch communication line 12 in addition to the meter-reading terminal 4, the meter-reading terminal 6, the DSM terminal 8, the simplified meter-reading terminal 9 and the power sensor 10 which are connected to the backbone communication line 2. Temperature measuring unit 1
3, the terminal address can be set for the contact input unit 14 and the contact output unit 15.

In the temperature measuring unit 13, the contact input unit 14, and the contact output unit 15, the address holding function unit 11h of the protocol converter 11 registers the terminal address and the ID data used in the branch communication line 12 is registered. Create a conversion table to convert to. After that, if the terminal address is designated, the protocol converter 11 converts it to corresponding ID data and outputs the ID data to the branch communication line 12.

When a new measuring instrument / control device is separately connected to the branch communication line 12 after the system is started up, a terminal address / ID data is assigned to this new measuring instrument / control device. .

The protocol conversion device 11 branches the terminal address transmitted from the backbone communication line 2 into the branch communication line 12
It is converted into the ID data used in (see FIG. 12) and output. With this configuration, it is easy to create a program for the center device 1 such as unifying the data structure.

Subsequently, the temperature measuring unit 1 by the center device 1
Access to 3 will be described. When the center device 1 transmits the terminal address of the temperature measuring unit 13 and the measurement command command, the protocol converter 11 reads the ID data corresponding to the terminal address and determines the ID data. Then, the measurement command command for the branch communication line 12 is output.

As described above, the temperature measuring unit 13 outputs the voltage signal input by the temperature sensor of the semiconductor thermocouple to A /
Temporary temperature data is acquired by D conversion, corrected, converted to temperature data, and then output. The protocol converter 11 is
This temperature data is returned to the center device 1. The center device 1 acquires temperature data.

Similarly, when the center device 1 transmits the terminal address of the contact input section 14 and the status monitoring command,
The protocol converter 11 has an ID corresponding to the terminal address.
The data is read and the ID data is calculated. Then, the status monitoring command for the branch communication line 12 is output. The contact input unit 14 outputs state data indicating the on / off state of the contact. The protocol converter 11 returns this status data to the center device 1. The center device 1 acquires the state data. In addition, this state data is used for the contact output unit 15
Can be transmitted in the same procedure.

Similarly, when the center device 1 transmits the terminal address of the contact output section 15 and the control command command,
The protocol converter 11 has an ID corresponding to the terminal address.
The data is read and the ID data is calculated. Then, the control command command for the branch communication line 12 is output. The contact output unit 15 executes a control command to control ON / OFF of the contact. Then, the status data indicating this status is returned. The protocol converter 11 returns this status data to the center device 1. The center device 1 acquires the state data.

Next, a specific application example of the power management system thus configured will be described. For example, the measuring instruments and control devices of the backbone communication line 2 are installed in various loads in the factory, and the branch communication line 12 is especially used for monitoring and controlling air conditioning equipment.
Used for control. In this case, the contact output unit 15 connected to the branch communication line 12 controls the operation of the load by turning on / off the contact of the load of the air conditioning equipment.
The temperature measuring unit 13 connected to is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe attached to the air conditioning equipment and the room.

In such a power management system, in addition to normal power management, it is possible to control the air conditioning equipment so that the temperature maintained by the air conditioning is optimum, and comprehensive power management is possible. In addition, since it becomes possible to monitor the electric power of such a large-scale consumer, it can be useful for temporarily suppressing the use, grasping / predicting the electric power demand, etc., especially when the electric power demand in summer peaks. Furthermore, it is also possible to measure the temperature and control the load with a heat storage type air conditioner for storing ice or water, which has been widely used in recent years, and use it for optimum air conditioning.

As another application example, the center device 1 is
The electric power amount, the gas usage amount, and the tap water usage amount may be acquired from the power meter, the gas meter, and the water meter, so that the information regarding the usage amount of the entire tap light and heat may be acquired. The first embodiment of the present invention is as described above.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a power management system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment, the backbone communication line 2 has been described as a transmission path based on the RS485 system. However, the backbone communication line 2
Are not limited to these, but depending on the customer's location conditions, communication equipment, power equipment, and other circumstances, distribution line transportation via an overhead line or power cable sheath, or a private extension telephone line, simple type Mobile phone communication network (PH
It is also possible to use communication means such as S) and low power radio equipment. The present embodiment is a specific example of these.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, a plurality of center devices 21 and 22 are connected by a LAN 23. The interface converter 2 is connected to the LAN 23.
The backbone communication lines 26 and 27 are connected via 4, 25, and the meter reading terminals 28 and 27 are connected to the backbone communication lines 26 and 27.
29 and other measuring instruments / control devices and protocol converter 30 are connected.

Here, the trunk communication lines 26 and 27 are RS4.
85 lines, distribution line carrier circuits, PHS, low-power wireless equipment, etc. are selected according to the respective installation conditions. Also, L
The center devices 21 and 22 connected to the AN 23 correspond to the main computer 1a and the sub computer 1b described in the first embodiment (see FIG. 2). The present invention can be implemented even with such a configuration.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of a power management system according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a system configuration when an RS485 line is used as the backbone communication line 26 and a PHS is used as another backbone communication line. The RS485 line used for the backbone communication line 26 is the same as the description in the first embodiment of FIG. 1, so detailed description thereof will be omitted and the PHS part will be described. PHS 41-43 are all PHS telephones and PH
It is composed of an S interface device 44.

FIG. 15 shows the PHS interface device 44.
3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of FIG. The PHS interface device 44 includes an adapter unit 45 to which a PHS telephone is connected and a PHSADP board 4 having an interface function.
6 and 6. The PHSADP board 46 is composed of external interface units 47 to 49, a logic unit 50, a setting display unit 51, and a power supply unit 52, and has the functions shown in Table 4.

[0077]

[Table 4]

FIG. 16 is a detailed block diagram of the PHSADP substrate 46. PHSADP substrate 4 as shown
The CPU 6 is mainly composed of the CPU 53, and is provided with connectors 54 to 56 for connecting to the outside of the apparatus and connectors 57 and 58 for connecting to the inside of the apparatus. This PH
The SADP board 46 can be connected to any of the PHSs 41 to 43 shown in FIG.
PHS4 connected to LAN23 consisting of 232C
In the case of 1, the selection circuit 61 is switched to the RS232C interface 59 side, and the LAN 23 is connected to the connector 54.

Further, the PH connected to the meter-reading terminal 29
In the case of S42, the selection circuit 61 is switched to the RS485 interface 60 side, and the meter-reading terminal 29 is connected to the connectors 55 and 56. In the case of the PHS 43 connected to the protocol converter 30, the selection circuit 61 is set to RS2.
Switch to the 32C interface 59 side and connect to the connector 5
4 is connected to the RS232C interface 11a of the protocol converter 30 (RS232C interface 11
(See FIGS. 5 and 6 for a).

Power is input to the PHSADP board 46 from the outside through the device power supply connector 72, and a part of the power is supplied from the power supply circuit 68 to the PHS adapter 45 through the PHS adapter communication connectors 57 and 58. It is sent and supplied to the PHS main bodies 41, 42, 43. Further, the power supply state and the operating state of the PHSADP substrate 46 are L
It is displayed on the ED display units 70 and 71.

Next, the procedure of communication between the PHSs 41 to 43 shown in FIG. 14 will be described. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing management of the terminal address of the center device 21. Here, it is assumed that 12 bytes are used for the address and the meter reading terminal 29 is connected to the PHS 42. In the illustrated example, when the center device 21 manages the meter-reading terminal 29, the telephone number of the PHS 42 and the terminal address of the meter-reading terminal 29 are added to the device number of its own device. Here, between the center device 21 and the meter-reading terminal 29, a command (call) message having the configuration of Table 5 is sent, and a response message having the configuration of Table 6 is returned.

[0082]

[Table 5]

[0083]

[Table 6]

When setting is performed between the center device 21 and the meter-reading terminal 29, a setting message having the configuration shown in Table 7 is sent and a response message having the configuration shown in Table 8 is returned.

[0085]

[Table 7]

[0086]

[Table 8]

If a transmission error occurs here, an error response message having the structure shown in Table 9 is sent.

[0088]

[Table 9]

The contents of the abnormality information in Table 9 are shown in Table 10
Like this.

[0090]

[Table 10]

18 and 19 are sequence diagrams showing a transmission procedure between the center device and the meter-reading terminal. FIG. 18 shows normal transmission. The address of the relay protocol converter-1 (that is, PHS41) is "LC0A8050A7D0", the address of the relay protocol converter-2 (that is, PHS42) is "P07051234567", and the address of the meter reading terminal is "TT000000000
1 ". If PHS or LAN is used for the transmission path, a procedure for line connection and link probability is required separately. Here, there is an abnormality in the relay protocol converter-2 in FIG. When the message occurs, a response indicating that the abnormality has occurred is returned in the procedure of FIG.
Such communication is also performed in the same procedure as the protocol converter 30 connected to the PHS 43.

According to these power management systems described above, by using the backbone communication line 2 and the branch communication line 12 together, the wiring can be easily routed and a large number of distributed watt hour meters can be measured. A system that automatically collects values can be easily constructed, the processing speed of meter reading data can be increased, and the workload of meter reading personnel can be greatly reduced.

Further, the load control makes it possible to finely adjust the amount of electric power used very finely, and while the power demand is predicted and the amount of electric power used is checked from the meter reading data, the main side installed in the entire area management department on the customer side as well. The same processing can be performed not only by computers but also by sub-computers in unit areas such as offices dispersed in various places, which contributes to reduction of power consumption and eventually to energy saving.

[0094]

As a whole, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a power management system capable of installing a large number of measuring instruments and control devices while suppressing an increase in wiring.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a power management system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is another configuration diagram of the center device.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a meter-reading terminal.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a DSM terminal.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a connection of a protocol converter.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a protocol converter.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a temperature measuring unit.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a contact input unit and a contact output unit.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating another system of the backbone communication line.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a signal frame structure of an RS485 line.

FIG. 11 is a timing chart showing signal transmission / reception timings on an RS485 line.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure of ID data.

FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a power management system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of a power management system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a PHS interface device.

FIG. 16 is a detailed block diagram of a PHSADP substrate.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing management of terminal addresses of the center device.

FIG. 18 is a sequence diagram showing a transmission procedure between the center device and the meter-reading terminal.

FIG. 19 is a sequence diagram showing a transmission procedure between the center device and the meter-reading terminal.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Center device 1a Main computer 1b Sub computer 1c LAN 2 backbone communication lines 3 Electricity meter 4 Meter-reading terminal 4a CPU 4b, 4c, 4d connectors 4e Memory controller 4f communication line interface 4g pulse input section 4h power circuit 4i Blackout monitoring section 4j Power supply monitoring unit 4k LED controller 4l LED display 5 Water and gas meters 6 Meter reading terminal 7 load 8 DSM terminal 8a CPU 8b, 8c, 8d connectors 8e Memory control unit 8f communication line interface 8g contact monitoring unit 8h Relay control unit 8i relay open / close switch 8j power supply circuit 8k power monitor 8l LED controller 8m LED display 9 Simple meter reading terminal 10 Electric energy sensor 10a current sensor 10b voltage sensor 11 Protocol converter 11a RS232C interface part 11b RS485 interface 11c Setting function section 11d Communication function section 11e Temperature measurement function section 11f DO function section 11g DI function section 11h Address holding function unit 11i Debug port interface section 11j Micro LAN interface section 11k setting function section 11l bind function 11m Backup function section 11n Display function section 11o switch (SW) 11p LED 12 branch communication lines 13 Temperature measurement unit 13a Micro LAN interface section 13b Setting function section 13c Communication function section 13d Temperature measurement function section 13e Correction value setting function section 14 Contact input section 14a Micro LAN interface section 14b Communication function section 14c DI function unit 14d DO function section 14e Latch circuit 14f contact interface section 14g Setting function part 15 Contact output section 16 Relay protocol converter 17 Relay communication line 21,22 Center device 23 LAN 24,25 interface converter 26,27 backbone communication line 28,29 Meter reading terminal 30 protocol converter 31, 32 Electricity meter 33 branch communication line 41, 42, 43 PHS 44 PHS interface device 45 PHS Adapter 46 PHSADP substrate 47 External interface section 48 External interface section 49 External interface 50 logic 51 Setting display 52 power supply 53 CPU 54 Center device connector 55,56 Equipment Terminal Connector 57,58 PHS Adapter Communication Connector 59 RS232C interface 60 RS485 interface 61 Selection circuit 62 RS232C interface 63 memory controller 64 EEPROM 65 LED control unit 66 Power supply monitoring unit (WDT) 67,68 power supply circuit 69 jumper 70,71 LED display 72 Device power supply connector

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Tomoo Kaneko             1-7-1, Yurakucho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo East             Within Kodenki Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2F073 AA02 AA07 AA08 AA09 AA27                       AB01 AB06 BB01 BB04 BC01                       BC02 CC01 CC05 CD28 DD02                       GG01 GG06 GG07                 5K048 AA01 BA23 BA37 CA03 CB01                       DA07 DC04 EA11 EB02 EB10                       FA08 FB09 HA01 HA02

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A power management system in which a meter / control device for power management and a center device are connected to a communication line, and the center device communicates with a meter / control device at a remote place to manage power. , A bus-type connectable backbone communication line connected to the center device, a weighing instrument connected to the backbone communication line, a control device connected to the backbone communication line, and a protocol converter connected to the backbone communication line. And a branch communication line that is connected via a protocol converter and can be connected by a bus, a weighing instrument that is connected to the branch communication line, and a control device that is connected to the branch communication line. In addition to communicating with the measuring instruments and control devices connected to the backbone communication line, it also communicates with the measuring instruments and control devices connected to the branch communication line via the protocol converter to manage power. Characteristic Power to manage system. 2. The power management system according to claim 1, wherein the branch communication line connected to the protocol converter is a LAN line based on a one-wire bus system. 3. The power management system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the measuring instrument connected to the backbone communication line comprises a meter reading terminal to which a measuring instrument with a pulse oscillator is connected, a voltage sensor and a current sensor. An electric power management system comprising: an electric energy sensor for detecting an electric energy; and a control device connected to the backbone communication line, including a load control terminal for turning on / off a contact. 4. The power management system according to claim 1, wherein the weighing instrument connected to the branch communication line includes a temperature measuring unit for measuring temperature, and the branch communication. The power management system is characterized in that the control device connected to the line includes a contact input unit that monitors the state of the contact and a contact output unit that turns the contact on and off. 5. The power management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the control device connected to the branch communication line includes a contact output unit for turning on / off a contact of the air conditioning equipment. , The measuring instrument connected to the branch communication line includes the temperature measuring unit arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe attached to the air conditioning equipment and the room, and the center device measures the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit of the branch communication line. A power management system characterized by controlling an air conditioning facility through a contact output unit connected to a branch communication line so as to maintain a room temperature at a set temperature based on a value. 6. The power management system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the measuring instrument connected to the backbone communication line is a WHM (Watt Hour Meter) to which a measuring instrument with a pulse oscillator is connected. , A meter management terminal for a gas meter and a water meter, and the center device comprehensively monitors the amount of power, the amount of gas used and the amount of tap water used. 7. The power management system according to claim 1, wherein a relay line and / or a protocol converter is provided between the center device and the backbone communication line. Characteristic power management system. 8. The power management system according to claim 1, wherein the center device is a main computer and a sub computer networked together.