JP3201574B2 - Data communication method and device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wireless data communication method using an electromagnetic wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave as a carrier wave and a device for use in communication between terminal devices of a computer including a portable terminal. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional data communication method and apparatus of this type, there is a method using infrared rays as a carrier wave.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a conventional data communication apparatus using infrared rays. On the transmitting side, an infrared ray 2 emitted from an infrared light emitter 1 is condensed by a condenser lens 3 into a beam as narrow as possible. In the receiving side, the transmitted infrared rays 4 are condensed on an infrared light receiving body 6 by a condensing lens 5 and received, and the data is obtained by modulating the infrared rays 2 by various methods. Perform communication.

According to this device, since infrared rays are transmitted in the form of a beam, there is an advantage that the data communication speed can be increased to about 100 Mbps even when relatively low-power infrared rays are used.

However, transmitting a beam of infrared light requires a complete line of sight between the transmitting side and the receiving side, and there are obstacles between the transmitting side and the receiving side that do not transmit infrared light, There is a disadvantage that data communication is interrupted when a person passes by. In particular, when the communication speed is increased to about 100 Mbps, data communication becomes difficult even with the level of cigarette smoke.

Further, in order to transmit the beam-like infrared rays efficiently, it is necessary to precisely align the optical axis between the infrared ray emitting body and the infrared ray receiving body including the condensing lens. There is a problem that it lacks convenience, and it has a drawback that it is difficult to use it particularly for a terminal that moves frequently, such as a mobile terminal. In addition, since infrared rays have high rectilinearity, only 1: 1 communication between a pair of devices on the optical axis is possible, and it is difficult to perform 1: n broadcast communication and the like.

FIG. 2 shows another example of a conventional data communication device using infrared rays.
The infrared rays 12 having an emission spread angle α emitted from
Irradiation is performed on a wall or ceiling (hereinafter simply referred to as a ceiling) 13, and on the receiving side, the infrared light 14 reflected or diffused and transmitted from the ceiling 13 is received by an infrared light receiving device 15 having a wide light reception spread angle β. The data communication is performed by modulating the infrared rays 12 by various methods.

According to this device, unlike the device of FIG. 1, the infrared rays 1 reflected or diffused from the ceiling 13
Since 4 is used as a carrier, a complete line of sight is not required, and even if there is an obstacle that hinders the propagation of infrared light on a straight line connecting the infrared light emitting device 11 and the infrared light receiving device 15, communication will not be hindered. In addition, the infrared light emitted from the infrared light emitting device 11 has an emission spread angle α and is reflected or diffused at a wide angle on the ceiling 13. Therefore, unless an obstacle covers most of the infrared light, there is no obstacle to communication. It has the advantage that.

Further, in this device, since infrared rays are reflected or diffused on the ceiling 13 at a wide angle, accurate optical axis alignment unlike the device of FIG. 1 is not required and the device moves frequently like a portable terminal. It has the advantage that it can be easily applied to a terminal that does.

[0010]

However, in the case of this device, the emission divergence angle α of the infrared light 12 emitted from the infrared light emitting device 11 is relatively wide and further diffused at the ceiling 13 at a wide angle. There is a drawback that the utilization efficiency is significantly reduced and the S / N ratio (signal / noise ratio) is deteriorated. This means that taking into account the fact that noise increases with an increase in communication speed, it has become a major obstacle to increasing the communication speed.

In this apparatus, infrared rays reflected or diffused at various positions on the ceiling 13, that is, infrared rays transmitted through many optical paths having different optical path lengths, for example, 16, 17, and 18, are all received by infrared rays. Since the infrared rays are received by the apparatus 15, each infrared ray overlaps on the infrared ray receiving apparatus 15 with a delay time proportional to the difference in the optical path length (hereinafter, referred to as an effect of multipath). For this reason, the interval between the pulse signals of infrared rays constituting the data must be widened to such an extent that the influence of the delay pulse is reduced, and there is a disadvantage that the communication speed is limited to a low level.

In this device, the infrared receiving device 15
Is large, and receives a lot of ambient light such as illumination light and sunlight, so that shot noise increases,
That is, there is a disadvantage that the S / N ratio is lowered, and as described above, there is a problem that the increase in communication speed is limited. Further, in this device, since the infrared rays 12 having the same wavelength can be widely emitted at the emission spread angle α, 1: n broadcast communication is possible, but n: n simultaneous multiplex communication causes mutual interference. There was a drawback that it was difficult to invite.

An object of the present invention is to enable high-speed communication without sacrificing optical axis alignment, flexibility with respect to the position of each terminal device, and tolerance for obstacles.
In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a data communication method and a data communication method capable of performing n: n multiplex communication without sacrificing high speed.

[0014]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, at least a part of a curved surface made of a material that generates a diffused wave with respect to an electromagnetic wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave is provided. A plurality of terminal devices are arranged in a closed space, and the terminal device on the transmitting side transmits the electromagnetic wave with respect to the curved surface.
, And at this time, the terminal device on the receiving side
By receiving, in a data communication method for performing wireless data communication using the electromagnetic wave as a carrier wave between any terminal devices, a curved surface made of a material generating the spread wave is divided into a plurality of regions, and the divided plurality of regions are divided. Of the areas, an area close to each terminal device is detected as a spatial address to which the terminal device belongs, a map of the spatial address to which each terminal device belongs is created, and the terminal device on the transmitting side is based on the map. A data communication method is proposed in which a spatial address to which a terminal device on the receiving side belongs is grasped, and an electromagnetic wave in which data is placed in a direction of the spatial address to which the terminal device on the receiving side belongs is radiated by the terminal device on the transmitting side .

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a rough position of each terminal device is grasped as a spatial address based on an area obtained by dividing a curved surface made of a material which generates a spread wave with respect to a carrier wave of data communication, and a map thereof is obtained. In the actual communication, the transmitting terminal device irradiates an electromagnetic wave carrying data in the direction of the spatial address to which the receiving terminal device belongs, so that the data generated in the corresponding area of the curved surface is obtained. The spread wave of the electromagnetic wave can reach the terminal device on the receiving side, so that the transmitting and receiving terminal devices can maintain a perfect line-of-sight between the transmitting and receiving terminal devices without requiring precise optical axis alignment. Communication by electromagnetic waves of
Use of a receiving device with a wide receiving divergence angle that is susceptible to a reduction in the S / N ratio due to a reduction in the use efficiency of the electromagnetic wave and a multipath or ambient light as in the case of using an electromagnetic wave with a wide divergence angle. The increase in the communication speed is not limited by the reduction in the S / N ratio due to the above, and can be easily applied to a terminal that moves frequently such as a portable terminal. By irradiating an electromagnetic wave carrying data from the device to a plurality of areas having different spatial addresses, data transmission to a plurality of terminal devices corresponding to each spatial address, that is, n: n multiplex communication can be performed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of terminal devices are disposed in a space at least partially surrounded by a curved surface made of a material that generates a diffused wave with respect to an electromagnetic wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave. And the transmitting-side terminal device is the
Irradiating the electromagnetic wave onto a curved surface, and the diffusion
In a data communication device that performs wireless data communication using the electromagnetic wave as a carrier wave between arbitrary terminal devices by receiving a wave by a terminal device on the receiving side, a plurality of divided curved surfaces made of a material that generates the spread wave are divided. Of the regions, a region close to each terminal device is detected as a spatial address to which the terminal device belongs, and a monitor device for creating a map of the spatial address to which each terminal device belongs is provided. Data communication provided with means for grasping the spatial address to which the terminal device of the receiving side belongs based on the information and means for changing the emission direction of the electromagnetic wave carrying data in the direction of the spatial address to which the terminal device of the receiving side belongs Suggest a device.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the approximate position of each terminal device is grasped by the monitor device as a spatial address based on an area obtained by dividing a curved surface made of a material generating a spread wave with respect to a carrier wave of data communication. Means for determining the spatial address of the terminal device on the receiving side based on the map; and the direction of emission of the electromagnetic wave carrying data in the direction of the spatial address of the terminal device on the receiving side. Means for directing electromagnetic waves carrying data in the direction of the spatial address to which the terminal device on the receiving side belongs during actual communication.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, a fixed or movable terminal device having means for detecting a spatial address and creating a map is provided, so that a spatial address can be detected and a map can be created. In particular, in the case of a mobile terminal device, it is possible to arrange a space address in a position where it is easy to detect the space address in accordance with a change in the number or position of the terminal device, so that more detailed and accurate Map creation becomes possible.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since one or both of the means for narrowing the spread angle of the electromagnetic wave and the means for narrowing the spread angle of the reception of the electromagnetic wave are provided, the influence of ambient light and multipath is provided. And n: n
Can effectively prevent mutual interference during multiplex communication.

Further, according to claim 5, the terminal equipment on the transmitting side is provided.
The number of terminal devices on the receiving side is at least two.
The data communication device according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
Means for changing the emission spread angle and the emission direction of the electromagnetic wave in accordance with the number of spatial addresses to which the terminal devices on the receiving side belong, thereby enabling simultaneous communication with a plurality of terminal devices having different spatial addresses, that is, 1: n broadcasts can be performed.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of a data communication method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail. In the following description, infrared rays are used as electromagnetic waves having a frequency higher than that of millimeter waves. However, it goes without saying that similar effects can be obtained by using electromagnetic waves having high linearity such as millimeter waves. Also,
Modulation methods of an electromagnetic wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave include AM modulation, FM modulation, PWM modulation, PPM modulation, and P modulation.
There are many modulation methods including CM modulation, PSK modulation, FSK modulation, and spread spectrum modulation, and it goes without saying that any of these methods may be used.

FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of the present invention. Here, an example corresponding to claims 1, 2, and 4 is shown.
In the figure, reference numerals 31, 32, 33 and 34 denote terminal devices for performing wireless data communication using infrared rays as carrier waves.
It is arranged in a predetermined space 35 such as one room.
A part of the curved surface (the ceiling in this case) 36 surrounding the space 35 is made of a material that generates a diffused wave with respect to infrared rays, and is divided into nine regions A1 to A9 as illustrated.

Reference numeral 37 denotes a monitor fixed and installed in the space 35. Of the nine areas A1 to A9 obtained by dividing the curved surface 36, areas close to the terminal devices 31 to 34 are respectively assigned to the terminals. The map is detected as the space address to which the device belongs, and a map of the space address to which each of the terminal devices 31 to 34 belongs is created, for example, as shown in FIG. 38 and 39 are obstacles in the space 35.

Although not shown, each of the terminal devices 31 to 34 is a device that emits infrared light, a device that receives infrared light, and a device that grasps the spatial address to which the terminal device on the receiving side belongs based on the map. And a device for directing the direction of emission of infrared light modulated with data in the direction of the spatial address to which the terminal device on the receiving side belongs.

In the above configuration, the terminal devices on the transmitting side, for example, 31 and 32, follow the above-mentioned map, respectively, toward the terminal devices on the receiving side, in this case, 33, 34 toward the area of the spatial addresses A6 and A2, respectively. Irradiates infrared rays 41 and 42 modulated by data. Space address A6, A2
Of the infrared rays 41 and 42 diffused in the region
Reference numerals 3 and 44 denote terminal devices 33 and 34 respectively on the receiving side.
To perform data communication.

Here, devices that emit infrared rays include semiconductor lasers and LEDs (light emitting diodes), and devices that receive infrared light include photodiodes, avalanche photodiodes, and photoconductors. Examples of the device for changing the emission direction of infrared light include a device that drives a mirror, a lens, and a prism with a motor, a device that combines a liquid crystal and a prism, and a device that replaces various HOEs (holographic optical elements). Although representative, it goes without saying that there are various other types.

As described above, in the present embodiment, since infrared rays are emitted toward the spatial addresses A6 and A2 of the receiving terminal devices 33 and 34, the transmitting terminal devices 31 and 3 are radiated.
2 is narrowed down to an appropriate value, for example, about the size of one spatial address, by combining a lens or using a thin cylinder, so that the infrared ray 43 after being diffused can be used as the other terminal device 34. And the diffused infrared rays 44
, So that the two sets of data communication can be performed without interfering with each other. This also means that the terminal device 3 on the receiving side
Needless to say, the reception spread angle β1 of the infrared rays at 3 and 34 is appropriately reduced by combining lenses or using a thin cylinder to, for example, the emission spread angle α1 or less. Note that these are not limited to the two sets of data communication, and the same applies to more sets of data communication as long as the terminal device on the receiving side belongs to a different space address.

FIG. 5 shows a calculation example of the dependence of the average communication speed on the traffic amount when the number of space divisions is changed. CSMA / CD is used as the communication system.

The number of space divisions corresponding to the conventional communication method is 1
It is well known that, in the case of (1), that is, when there is one transmission line, if n: n multiplex communication is performed, collision occurs between communication data, so that the average communication speed sharply decreases when the traffic slightly increases. . On the other hand, as in the present invention, since dividing the space effectively multiplexes the transmission path, it can be seen that a large average communication speed can be maintained even for a large traffic volume. That is, according to the present invention, even if the number of space divisions is set to 4, the average communication speed can be kept large even if the traffic amount is about 0.5 digits larger than that of the conventional communication method. It has the advantage that the average communication speed can be kept high even with a large traffic volume. Thus, according to the present invention, n: n multiplex communication with little mutual interference can be performed.

Further, according to the present invention, the infrared rays, which are carrier waves, are radiated to a region near the terminal device on the receiving side based on the spatial address of each terminal device. This has the advantage that the distance to the terminal device can be shortened, thereby significantly increasing the power transmission efficiency of infrared rays.

FIG. 6 illustrates the propagation of infrared light when the distance between the terminal devices is kept constant and the position where infrared light is diffused is changed. FIG. 3A shows the terminal device 32 of FIG.
34 is an example of how the propagation of infrared rays is viewed from the side, and 45 is a position where the infrared rays 44 after diffusion are diffused. FIG. 6B shows the calculation result of the change in the power transmission efficiency at this time, and the horizontal axis indicates the terminal device 34 on the receiving side.
The vertical axis represents the received light amount ratio (ratio) between the distance X and the position 45 to be diffused. At this time, the transmitting terminal device 3
2 is changed, the reception spread angle β1 of the terminal device 34 on the reception side is sufficiently large, and the reception direction is not changed.

As is apparent from FIG. 6B, when the spreading position 45 is brought closer to the terminal device 34 on the receiving side, the power transmission efficiency is sharply increased. Also, the terminal device 3 on the transmitting side
Needless to say, this effect can be further promoted by narrowing the emission divergence angle of the infrared ray 2 to a suitable value, for example, about the reception divergence angle β1 of the terminal device on the receiving side. As described above, according to the present invention, there is an advantage that the power transmission efficiency can be increased, the S / N ratio of the received signal can be improved, and as a result, the communication speed can be increased as compared with the conventional method.

FIG. 7 shows the case where the receiving direction of the terminal device on the receiving side is changed together with the emitting direction of the terminal device on the transmitting side, and the emission spread angle α1 is 5 degrees and the reception spread angle β1 is 20 degrees. FIG. In this case, it is clear that the power transmission efficiency can be increased by setting the position 45 for diffusing the infrared light near the terminal device 32 on the transmission side. It is also clear that the diffusion position with the highest reception efficiency differs depending on the ratio between the emission spread angle α1 and the reception spread angle β1. For example, the terminal device 32 on the transmission side
It is clear that the increase in the power transmission efficiency can be further promoted by narrowing the emission divergence angle α1 of the infrared ray to about the reception divergence angle β1 of the terminal device 34 on the receiving side. As described above, according to the present invention, there is an advantage that the power transmission efficiency can be increased, the S / N ratio of the received signal can be increased in the terminal device on the receiving side, and as a result, the communication speed can be increased.

Also, as shown in FIG. 8, the reception spread angle β1 of the terminal device 34 on the receiving side is appropriately reduced so that ambient light such as illumination 46 and sunlight 47 enters the light receiving device of the terminal device 34. Can be suppressed. As described above, according to the present invention, the influence of ambient light can be reduced, the amount of noise generated in a light receiving device such as a photodiode can be suppressed, and the S / N ratio of a received signal can be increased. Has the advantage that the speed can be increased.

As shown in FIG. 9, when transmitting infrared data carrying data from the transmitting terminal device 32 to the receiving terminal device 34, the transmitting terminal device 32 Since the light is radiated only to the area of the spatial address A2 near the device 34, even if the infrared light from the terminal device 32 on the transmitting side is divided into two or more infrared light, for example, 42a and 42b, the path that passes can be limited, and the distances differ. There is an advantage that it is possible to suppress the influence of multipath that causes pulse deformation by passing through the path, and to increase the communication speed.

Further, according to the present invention, since communication is performed based on the space address, data can be relatively reliably transmitted to each terminal device. In other words, in the case of a portable terminal, etc., it is possible to grasp that the user is out of the communicable range, so that unnecessary communication can be reduced. In addition, a place where many terminal devices are concentrated, a movement of the terminal device, and the like are detected. Therefore, it is possible to change the setting of the space address or to perform communication in accordance with the movement of the terminal device, which has an advantage that efficient communication can be performed.

In the present invention, since infrared rays diffused on a curved surface such as a ceiling or a wall are used, there are no restrictions as in the case of the communication device of FIG. 1 and the same as in the case of the communication device of FIG. In addition, it is clear that the optical axis alignment, the flexibility with respect to the position of each terminal device, the wide latitude with respect to obstacles, and the like are provided together with the advantages described above.

Also, as shown in FIG. 10, even when the terminal device 34 on the receiving side moves (48), if the amount of movement is about one spatial address, the infrared light diffused from the curved surface 36 is transmitted. Since reception is sufficient, communication is not interrupted. In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, when the space address has largely moved to a different position (49), the terminal device 32 on the transmitting side temporarily stores both the original space address A2 and the destination space address A3. Infrared 42, 4
By emitting 2 ', it is possible to smoothly move the terminal device without interrupting communication.

In the present invention, the method of detecting the spatial address of the terminal device may be a method of emitting infrared light of a different wavelength from each terminal device, a method of emitting infrared light with a different code, or a different rule. At the set time, an infrared ray is emitted onto a curved surface for setting a spatial address, for example, and a device for detecting a position on a monitor device, for example, a PSD (Position Detecting Photodiode) or many photodiodes arranged in a two-dimensional array There is a method of performing reception by using a device that combines a lens and the like.

Also, for example, an infrared ray indicating the position of the terminal device on the transmitting side is transmitted from the terminal device on the transmitting side to the spatial address of the terminal device on the transmitting side or upward. Obviously, a method of emitting infrared light required to be emitted and receiving the infrared light emitted by the terminal device on the receiving side by using a similar device based on the infrared light can be considered.

FIG. 12 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. Here, an example corresponding to claim 3 is shown. In the figure,
Reference numeral 51 denotes a terminal device (hereinafter, referred to as a monitor terminal) having means for detecting a space address and creating a map, and is fixed and installed in the predetermined space 35 as described above. In this embodiment, by detecting the space 35 with the monitor terminal 51, it is possible to set a space address corresponding to the actual areas A1 to A9 of the curved surface 36.

According to this embodiment, a dedicated monitor device is not required, and a position at which the movement or in / out of a room boundary or each terminal device (not shown) in the room can be detected relatively easily. There is an advantage that a monitor terminal can be installed in the computer. Further, there is an advantage that a large amount of statistical processing data and the like such as various obstacles and places where terminal devices are easily concentrated can be easily grasped / processed on the monitor terminal side, and communication between the terminal devices can be smoothly processed.

As shown in FIG. 13, by using one of the movable terminal devices as a monitor terminal, for example, 52, a spatial address, for example, which does not necessarily correspond to the actual areas A1 to A9 of the curved surface 36, for example, It is also possible to set B1 to B9. According to this embodiment, there is an advantage that not only a dedicated monitor device is not required, but also the monitor terminal is easily located at a place where terminal devices are concentrated, and more detailed and flexible address distribution is possible.

FIG. 14 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. Here, an example corresponding to claim 5 is shown. In the figure,
Numerals 53 and 54 denote terminal devices belonging to the same spatial address, here A2, and a terminal device on the transmitting side, for example, infrared light 56 emitted from 55 is diffused in various directions by a corresponding area A2 of the curved surface 36, To reach the devices 53 and 54, 1: n broadcast communication is possible.

Next, a case will be described in which a terminal device which intends to perform broadcast communication is not in the same space address. In the present invention, as described in the first embodiment, by appropriately narrowing the emission spread angle of infrared light of the terminal device on the transmission side and appropriately reducing the spread angle of reception of the terminal device on the reception side, n:
n multiplex communication can be performed effectively. However, it is difficult to perform broadcast communication in such a state.

For this reason, the number of terminal devices to be broadcast is small, for example, as shown in FIG.
In the case where only two of the terminal devices 53 and 57 respectively belong to A6, a plurality of infrared rays 5 are transmitted from the terminal device 55 on the transmission side by a combination of a half mirror and HOE.
Broadcasting can be made possible by simultaneously emitting 6,58 to space addresses A2, A6.

When the number of terminal devices to be broadcast is large, the outgoing divergence angle α2 of the terminal device 55 on the transmitting side is changed to PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal) or H as shown in FIG.
Broadcasting can be made possible by using a combination of OEs or the like and changing the emission greatly. By using a combination of a mirror and a motor, a combination of a HOE and a motor, or the like, the same data can be sequentially transmitted to a number of space addresses in a time-division manner to enable broadcast communication.

The examples of FIGS. 15 and 16 have the disadvantage that multiplex communication is temporarily disabled or the number of multiplexes that can be communicated is reduced, but has the advantage that data can be transmitted to many terminal devices at the same time. On the other hand, the method of transmitting data in a time-division manner has a disadvantage that data transmission requires a time longer than the number of space addresses, but has an advantage of not hindering multiplex communication. In either case, by appropriately narrowing the reception spread angle of the terminal device on the receiving side, it is possible to avoid the influence of multipath and the like, and there is no obstacle to increasing the communication speed.

[0049]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
According to, the approximate position of each terminal device is grasped as a spatial address based on an area obtained by dividing a curved surface made of a material that generates a spread wave with respect to a carrier wave of data communication, and a map thereof is created. The transmitting-side terminal device irradiates an electromagnetic wave carrying data in the direction of the space address to which the receiving-side terminal device belongs, thereby receiving a spread wave of the electromagnetic wave carrying the data generated in a corresponding area of the curved surface. Side terminal device, thereby enabling communication by beam-shaped electromagnetic waves without requiring a complete line of sight and accurate optical axis alignment between the transmitting and receiving terminal devices, As in the case of using an electromagnetic wave having a wide emission divergence angle, a reduction in the S / N ratio due to a decrease in the use efficiency of the electromagnetic wave, and a decrease in the reception divergence angle susceptible to multipath and ambient light. Communication speed is not limited by the reduction of the S / N ratio due to the use of a receiving device, and can be easily applied to a terminal that moves frequently such as a portable terminal. Simultaneously, data is transmitted from a plurality of terminal devices to a plurality of terminal devices corresponding to each space address by irradiating electromagnetic waves carrying data to a plurality of regions having different space addresses, that is, n: n multiplex communication. It can be performed.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the approximate position of each terminal device is determined by the monitor device based on a space based on an area obtained by dividing a curved surface made of a material generating a spread wave with respect to a carrier wave of data communication. A means for grasping the spatial address of the terminal device on the receiving side based on the map, and an electromagnetic wave carrying data in the direction of the spatial address of the terminal device on the receiving side. By means for directing the emission direction of the data, an electromagnetic wave carrying data in the direction of the spatial address to which the terminal device on the receiving side belongs can be irradiated at the time of actual communication.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, by providing a position fixed or movable terminal device having means for detecting a spatial address and creating a map,
Eliminates the need for a specific device for spatial address detection and map creation, especially in the case of mobile terminals, place them in locations where space addresses can be easily detected in response to changes in the number and position of terminal devices And more detailed and accurate maps can be created.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, one or both of the means for narrowing the spread angle of the electromagnetic wave and the means for narrowing the spread angle of the reception of the electromagnetic wave are provided, so that ambient light or multipath can be reduced. Influence can be eliminated, n:
Mutual interference at the time of multiplex communication of n can be efficiently prevented.

Further, according to claim 5 of the present invention, the transmitting side
Is one terminal device, and the terminal device on the receiving side is at least
The data communication according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the number is also two.
The device is provided with means for changing the emission spread angle and emission direction of the electromagnetic wave according to the number of spatial addresses to which the terminal device on the receiving side belongs, so that simultaneous communication with a plurality of terminal devices having different spatial addresses, ie, 1 : N broadcast can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional data communication device.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of a conventional data communication device.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a first embodiment of a data communication method and device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a space address map.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a calculation example of the dependence of the average communication speed on the traffic volume when the number of space divisions is changed.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the propagation of infrared light when the distance between terminal devices is kept constant and the position where infrared light is diffused is changed.

FIG. 7 is another explanatory diagram of the propagation of infrared rays when the position where infrared rays are diffused is changed while keeping the distance between terminal devices constant.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the effect of suppressing the influence of ambient light in the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the effect of suppressing the influence of multipath in the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of communication when a terminal device according to the present invention moves.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of communication when the terminal device according to the present invention moves.

FIG. 12 shows a second example of the data communication method and apparatus of the present invention.
Explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a second diagram illustrating the data communication method and apparatus according to the present invention.
Explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a third diagram illustrating the data communication method and apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a third example of the data communication method and apparatus according to the present invention.
Explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a third diagram illustrating the data communication method and apparatus according to the present invention.
Explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

31 to 34, 53 to 55, 57: terminal device, 35: space, 36: curved surface, 37: monitor device, 41 to 44, 5
6,58 ... infrared, 51,52 ... monitor terminal, α1,
α2: emission divergence angle, β1: reception divergence angle.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-2-2729 (JP, A) JP-A-2-16822 (JP, A) JP-A-62-295033 (JP, A) JP-A-6-95033 21892 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H04B 10/00-10/28

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] arranging a plurality of terminal devices in the at least partially enclosed space with a curved surface made of a material resulting diffusion waves with an electromagnetic wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave, the transmission side
The terminal device irradiates the electromagnetic wave to the curved surface,
In the case of receiving, the terminal device on the receiving side receives the generated spread wave
According to a data communication method for performing wireless data communication using the electromagnetic wave as a carrier wave between arbitrary terminal devices, a curved surface made of a material that generates the spread wave is divided into a plurality of regions, Of these, an area close to each terminal device is detected as a spatial address to which the terminal device belongs, and a map of the spatial address to which each terminal device belongs is created. A data communication method characterized by grasping a spatial address to which a terminal device belongs, and irradiating an electromagnetic wave carrying data in the direction of the spatial address to which the transmitting terminal device belongs with a transmitting terminal device . 2. A transmitting-side terminal device comprising a plurality of terminal devices disposed in a space at least partially surrounded by a curved surface made of a material that generates a diffusion wave with respect to an electromagnetic wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave. Applies the electromagnetic wave to the curved surface
At this time, the terminal device on the receiving side receives the generated spread wave.
In the data communication device for performing wireless data communication using the electromagnetic wave as a carrier wave between any of the terminal devices , the terminal device includes a plurality of divided regions of a curved surface made of a material that generates the spread wave. A monitor device that detects a region close to the terminal device as a spatial address to which the terminal device belongs and creates a map of the spatial address to which the terminal device belongs, and in each terminal device, a receiving-side terminal device based on the map. A data communication device comprising: means for grasping a spatial address to which the device belongs; and means for changing the emission direction of an electromagnetic wave carrying data in the direction of the spatial address to which the terminal device on the receiving side belongs. 3. The data communication device according to claim 2, further comprising a terminal device capable of detecting a spatial address and creating a map, the terminal device being fixed or movable. 4. The apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising one or both of means for reducing an emission spread angle of the electromagnetic wave and means for reducing a reception spread angle of the electromagnetic wave.
A data communication device as described. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the terminal device on the transmitting side is one and the terminal device on the receiving side is
5. The terminal device according to claim 2, wherein at least two terminal devices are provided.
The data communication apparatus according to any Re, electromagnetic wave emission divergence angle and features and to Lud Data Communications apparatus by comprising a means for varying in accordance with the number of spatial addresses recipient terminal belongs to the emission direction .