JP3196609B2 - Non-fired cured body - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an unsintered hardened material containing clay, which is suitable as a pavement material or a building material having an earthy texture.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Unfired tiles mainly composed of clay and calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) are described in JP-A-7-157346. The unfired tile of the same publication is composed of 5-70% by weight of clay, 15-80% by weight of calcium hydroxide,
A mixture of 100 parts by weight of a tile raw material containing 10 to 80% by weight of silica-based mineral particles and 0 to 30 parts by weight of plant fibers is dry-pressed, dried and cured.
This unfired tile has moderate hardness and has almost no reverberation when walking. Good feeling and excellent walking sensation. Relatively high water absorption and non-slip. It is rich in taste and naturalness, harmonizes well with the surrounding natural environment, and has excellent aesthetics. Various colors and textures can be obtained by changing the type and proportion of the clay to be compounded, and the design is rich. And the like.

[0003]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention
In the unfired tile disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6, the cost is increased because the content of calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ) is relatively large, and the strength is slightly insufficient as a pavement material or a building material (floor material). There was a problem to be solved, which was apt to happen. The unfired tile disclosed in JP-A-7-157346 is
Since the silica-based mineral particles have a particle size of about 1 to 5 mm, they are excellent in design, but lack reactivity with Ca (OH) _2, and as a result, the strength is slightly insufficient as a pavement material or a building material. There was a problem to do. Also, especially for pavement materials,
Since the reference value of the interlocking block is standard, the bending strength is 50 kgf / cm ² (4.9 MPa).
It is necessary to do the above.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to provide a non-sintered cured product having the texture of soil and high strength (particularly bending strength) at a relatively low cost.

[0005]

A non-calcined hardened product according to claim 1 is a composition comprising 5 to 75% of clay, slaked lime and / or 5 to 15% of quicklime, and 10 to 70% of granulated blast furnace slag having a particle size of 300 μm or less. Is molded as a raw material and autoclaved, and the non-sintered hardened product according to claim 2 is a clay-based material 5 to 75% slaked lime and / or quick lime 5 to 15% siliceous material having a particle size of 300 μm or less 10 to 60 %, Which is formed as a raw material and autoclaved, and wherein the non-sintered hardened product according to claim 3 is clay 5 to 75% slaked lime and / or quick lime 5 to 15%. Granulated slag 10 to 70% A mixture containing 10 to 60% of a siliceous raw material having a particle size of 300 μm or less is molded as a raw material, and is autoclaved.

[0006] The non-sintered cured product of the present invention has the texture of soil due to the addition of clay. In addition, since it is soft, it absorbs the impact during walking as compared with conventional block tiles, so that it is less likely to be fatigued. Further, fine granulated blast furnace slag of 300 μm or less and / or siliceous raw material is added,
By sufficiently reacting a (OH) ₂ and SiO ₂ , any clay can be used as a raw material to have the texture of soil and to have strength enough to withstand pavement and flooring materials.

In the non-sintered cured product of the present invention, when silica sand having a particle size of 1 mm or more is added, the silica sand appears on the surface of the product, thereby improving the slip resistance and further raising the atmosphere of the earth. Further, swelling due to water absorption can be suppressed.

[0008] The granulated blast furnace slag is inexpensive and contributes to the cost reduction of the unfired cured body.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In order to produce an unsintered cured product of the present invention, first, 100 parts by weight of a main material having the following composition and, if necessary, silica sand having a particle size of 1 mm or more (preferably 1 to 10 mm). 50 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight, and water are sufficiently stirred and mixed with an Erich mixer or the like. In addition,
If the particle size of the silica sand is smaller than 1 mm, the slip resistance is not improved, and if it is larger than 10 mm, the moldability, particularly the moldability by dry pressing, is deteriorated.

Main raw material blending (weight%) clay 5 to 75% slaked lime and / or quick lime 5 to 15% granulated blast furnace slag having a particle size of 300 μm or less 10 to 70% and / or siliceous raw material 10 having a particle size of 300 μm or less 10 ６０60% Of the above main raw materials, clay has a non-sintered hardened body with the feel of soil,
It is blended to give an appearance, and the color and texture of the resulting unfired cured product can be changed depending on the type and amount of clay used. The mixing ratio of clay is 5
To 75% (preferably 10 to 60%). If it is less than 5%, the texture of the soil will be impaired, and if it is more than 75%, the strength of the cured product will be low.

As the clay, red clay, ocher, black clay, loam layer, shirasu, diatomaceous earth, white clay, and the like can be used. Among them, red clay, loess, Black clay and loam layers are preferred.

Slaked lime or quick lime, siliceous raw material and granulated blast furnace slag are blended to obtain sufficient strength by the reaction between Ca (OH) ₂ and SiO ₂ . Examples of the siliceous raw material include silica sand, silica fume, foundry dust and the like.

If the particle size of the siliceous raw material and the granulated blast furnace slag is large, the reactivity with Ca (OH) ₂ becomes low,
Since the strength may be insufficient, the particle size is 300 μm
It is particularly preferable to use one having a size of 200 μm or less.

In the main raw material composed of the clay, slaked lime and / or quicklime, granulated blast furnace slag and / or siliceous raw material, as described above, the mixing ratio of the clay is 5 to 75%.

The mixing ratio of slaked lime and / or quick lime is 5 to 5.
It is 15% (preferably 5 to 10%). If it is less than 5%, the strength of the cured product will be insufficient. If it is more than 15%, the cost of the cured product increases, and unreacted Ca (OH) ₂ remains in the cured product after curing, which causes efflorescence.

The mixing ratio of granulated blast furnace slag is 10 to 70%.
(Preferably 20 to 50%). If it is less than 10%, the cost reduction effect by adding granulated blast furnace slag is poor. If it is more than 70%, the appearance becomes concrete, and the texture of the soil is impaired.

The mixing ratio of the siliceous raw material is 10 to 60% (preferably 10 to 40%). If less than 10%,
The strength of the cured product decreases. Above 60%, the soft touch is lost.

If necessary, 10 to 50 parts by weight (preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight of silica sand of 1 to 10 mm) of coarse silica sand having a particle size of 1 mm or more is added to 100 parts by weight of the main raw material. .

By adding the coarse-grained silica sand under the above conditions, a more earthy atmosphere is obtained. In addition, the appearance of the coarse-grained silica sand on the surface of the cured product improves slip resistance.
Further, swelling of the cured product due to water absorption can be suppressed.

In the present invention, by blending vegetable fibers with these raw materials, the shape retention of the molded product is improved as compared with those obtained without blending vegetable fibers. There is less risk of the shape breaking. In addition, the design of the resulting unfired cured product can be further improved. As the vegetable fiber, various susa (straw), hemp, pulp and the like can be used, and the compounding amount is preferably 5 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the main raw material. Further, a pigment may be blended to change the color tone of the obtained unfired cured product.

In order to mold these raw materials, water is added, mixed well, and then molded by dry press molding, extrusion molding or the like.

In the case of dry press molding, it is preferable to add 5 to 15 parts by weight of water to 100 parts by weight of the main raw material. At the time of extrusion molding, it is preferable to add 15 to 30 parts by weight of water to 100 parts by weight of the main raw material.

The condition of the autoclave curing is 110
It is preferable to carry out at a temperature of at least 140 ° C. (preferably 140 to 200 ° C.) for at least 1 hour. By this curing, as described above, Ca
(OH) ₂ reacts with SiO ₂ in the clay and siliceous raw materials (hereinafter, may be referred to as a CSH reaction) to provide sufficient strength.

After curing, if necessary, the product is subjected to sand blasting, mill polishing, etc. to obtain a product.

In the present invention, by adding additives such as shells, vermiculite, glass having a particle size of 5 mm or more, crushed ceramics, metal pieces, and resin composition pieces to the raw materials,
The slip resistance is improved and a different texture can be obtained. Among these additives, those mainly containing Ca or Si are present as one reactant of the C—S—H-based reaction in the cured product of the present invention. , The additives are less likely to come off the cured product.

The slip resistance can also be improved by regenerating, as a part of the raw material, a product obtained by rejecting a rejected product obtained in producing the cured product of the present invention to 1 mm to 50 mm (preferably 1 mm to 30 mm). It can improve and, in this case, give it a different texture. In this case, since the unreacted material in the crushed product of the rejected product reacts with other raw materials around it, the crushed product of the rejected product is less likely to come off the cured product.

[0027]

The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples.

Example 1 10 parts by weight of silica sand having an average particle size of 3 mm, 1 part by weight of straw and 10 parts by weight of water were added to 100 parts by weight of the main raw material having the following composition, and the mixture was stirred and mixed by an Erich mixer. Clay containing main raw material (production area: Seto City, Aichi Prefecture) 60% slaked lime 5% granulated blast furnace slag having a particle size of 300 μm or less 20% silica stone having a particle size of 300 μm or less 15% The obtained mixture is 200 × 200 × 60 m at 30 MPa.
m, and then subjected to autoclave curing at 180 ° C. for 6 hours to produce a non-sintered cured product (block). Table 1 shows the measurement results of the bending strength and the Shore hardness of the unfired block.

The obtained unfired block was softer than a normal concrete block, had an appropriate hardness, and was a rich block having a natural soil texture and feel. When a walking test was performed on the floor surface on which the non-fired block was laid, there was almost no reverberation due to walking, the feel of the shoe sole was good, and the walking feeling was extremely excellent. In addition, this block floor surface looks like the ground at first glance, and matches well with the surrounding natural environment.
The appearance was remarkably excellent.

Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the main raw materials were as follows, the amount of silica sand having an average particle size of 5 mm was 40 parts by weight, and the amount of straw was 0.1 part by weight. Thus, an unfired block was manufactured. This unfired block also had the same advantages as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the bending strength and Shore hardness of the unfired block.

Main raw material blended loess (Production area: Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture) 20% Slaked lime 5% Granulated blast furnace slag with a particle size of 300 μm or less 60% Silica fume with a particle size of 300 μm or less 15% Example 3 The main material is as follows: Then, 50 parts by weight of silica sand having an average particle diameter of 1 mm and 22 parts by weight of water were added, and the mixture was stirred and mixed by an Eirich mixer, and then kneaded with a clay kneading machine.
and extruded to a thickness of 60 mm. Then 1
Autoclave curing was performed at 80 ° C. for 6 hours to produce an unfired block. This unfired block also had the same advantages as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the bending strength and Shore hardness of the unfired block.

Main raw material blended red soil (production area: Kuwana-shi, Mie) 75% Slaked lime 5% Granulated blast furnace slag with a particle size of 300 μm or less 10% Silica fume with a particle size of 300 μm or less 10% Example 4 The main material is as follows: An unfired block was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the amount of silica sand having an average particle size of 5 mm was 20 parts by weight and the amount of straw was 5 parts by weight. This unfired block also had the same advantages as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the bending strength and Shore hardness of the unfired block.

Main raw material blended black soil (producing area: Hokkaido) 5% Slaked lime 10% Granulated blast furnace slag having a particle size of 300 μm or less 70% Casting sand slag having a particle size of 300 μm or less 15% Example 5 An unfired block was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compounding amount of silica sand having a particle diameter of 10 mm was 10 parts by weight, the compounding amount of straw was 0.5 parts by weight, and the compounding amount of vermiculite was 2 parts by weight. did. This non-fired block also has the same advantages as in Example 1, and a new design can be added by reflecting light such as a street lamp on the vermiculite on the product surface. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the bending strength and Shore hardness of the unfired block.

Clay containing main raw material (production place: Tajimi-shi, Gifu) 15% Slaked lime 15% Granulated blast furnace slag with a particle size of 300 μm or less 10% Silica with a particle size of 300 μm or less 60% Comparative Example 1 Particle size of Example 1 300 μm or less Silica with an average particle size of 500
An unsintered block was manufactured under the same raw material blending and manufacturing conditions as in the case of replacing with silica of μm. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the bending strength and the Shore hardness of the unfired block.

Comparative Example 2 Straw straw and 20 parts by weight of water were added to 100 parts by weight of the following composition described in the example described in JP-A-7-157346, and the raw materials were mixed.
It was dry press-molded to × 60 mm, dried, and autoclaved at 180 ° C. for 6 hours to produce a non-sintered cured product (block). Table 1 shows the measurement results of the bending strength and the Shore hardness of the unfired block.

Clay containing main raw material (production place: Tajimi-shi, Aichi) 45.5% Slaked lime 35.0% Silica sand having an average particle diameter of 3 mm 19.5%

[0037]

[Table 1]

[0038]

As described above, the non-sintered cured product of the present invention comprises:
It has various excellent effects as follows.

[0039] Has the texture of soil. Because it is soft, it absorbs the impact of walking compared to conventional blocks and tiles, so it is less susceptible to fatigue. Soft but has enough strength and wear resistance to withstand pavement and flooring. Excellent slip resistance. Low swelling due to water absorption. It is cheap.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI C04B 18:16 C04B 18:16 14:10 14:10 Z 16:02) 16:02) Z (72) Inventor Kazuto Seki 5-1-1 Koiehonmachi, Tokoname-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inax Corporation (72) Inventor Yukito Muraguchi 5-1-1 Koiehonmachi, Tokoname-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inax Corporation (72) Inventor Yoshio Kamiya Tokoname, Aichi Prefecture 5-1-1 Koie Honmachi Inax Corporation (56) References JP-A-51-148721 (JP, A) JP-A-7-157346 (JP, A) JP-A 7-118042 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C04B ^7/ 00-28/36

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] Clay 5 to 75% Slaked lime and / or quicklime 5 to 15% Blast furnace granulated slag having a particle size of 300 μm or less 10 to 70% A composition containing a raw material is molded and autoclaved to obtain a non-sintering hardened material. body. 2. An unfired cured product obtained by molding a mixture containing 5 to 75% of clay and / or 5 to 15% of slaked lime and / or quicklime and 10 to 60% of a siliceous raw material having a particle size of 300 μm or less, followed by autoclave curing. . Clay 5 to 75% Slaked lime and / or quicklime 5 to 15% Granulated blast furnace slag having a particle size of 300 µm or less 10 to 70% Silicic material having a particle size of 300 µm or less 10 to 60% A non-sintered cured product formed by molding and autoclaving. 4. Silica sand having a particle size of 1 mm or more is added to 100 parts by weight of the composition according to claim 1.
A non-sintered cured product obtained by molding as a raw material to which about 50 parts by weight has been added and curing the mixture in an autoclave. 5. A non-sintering hardening obtained by molding a raw material obtained by adding 5 parts by weight or less of plant fiber to 100 parts by weight of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and curing the mixture in an autoclave. body. 6. The non-sintering hardening according to claim 1, wherein the raw material further contains additives such as shells, vermiculite, glass having a particle size of 5 mm or more, and crushed ceramics. body. 7. The material according to claim 1, wherein the raw material further includes a material obtained by pulverizing the unsintered cured body according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Non-fired cured body. 8. The non-sintered cured body according to claim 1, wherein the molding is press molding or extrusion molding.