JP3193835B2 - Automatic penetration tester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic penetration tester for judging various types of soil at different depths and investigating the hardness and tightness of the ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, at various types of civil engineering work sites, in order to carry out the work safely and efficiently, an investigation of the ground at the site is carried out before construction work is carried out. This ground survey is carried out by a so-called penetration test, in which various soil properties are determined at each depth, and depending on the type of the soil, the hardness and firmness of the ground and the degree of compaction are determined. In performing this penetration test, various penetration test machines are used. Is used.

[0003] A typical example is shown in the drawing and will be described below.
The penetrating tester 100 shown in FIG. 15 has a loading platform 102 that can move up and down along a frame 101, and a clamp 104 that holds an axial penetration rod 103 on the loading platform 102.
And the clamp 104 is connected to the clamp 104 by a chain (not shown) so as to be integrated with the clamp 104.
3 is provided. The clamp 104 is composed of a hammer chuck that is widely used for holding various shaft-like members, and a penetrating rod 103 held by the clamp 104 has a substantially conical shape and a spiral groove formed on the outer periphery at the tip. The body 106 is connected. In addition, a weight hook 107 protrudes in front of the loading table 102, and a weight 108 for adjusting a load applied to the penetration rod 103 at the time of the penetration test is suspended on the weight hook 107. The penetration rod 103 in this penetration tester is used after several replenishments during the penetration test in order to obtain a length up to the target depth of the penetration test.

[0004] The penetration test is performed by using a weight 1 of the penetration tester 100.
07, the weight 108 is gradually suspended until the weight reaches a predetermined weight, and the penetrating body 103 is sunk into the ground by the load. After the subsidence of the penetrating body 103 is stopped, the motor 105 is driven to rotate and the penetrating rod 103 is moved. By rotating, the penetrating body 103 penetrates into the ground and proceeds while recording various data, and the soil quality is determined based on the collected data. In the penetration test, the penetration speed may be abnormally high depending on the type of soil while the penetration body 103 is being rotated to penetrate the ground. This is generally called self-sinking, in which the penetrating body 103 sinks into the ground irrespective of rotation, and the judgment of the occurrence of self-sinking depends on the visual judgment of the worker.

[0005]

In the penetrating tester having the above-mentioned construction, the judgment of self-settling of the penetrating object generated during the penetrating test depends on the visual judgment of the operator, and there is a certain judgment standard. At present, it is pointed out that there is an individual difference between workers in the judgment of self-sinking and that this causes a decrease in the reliability of soil judgment. Also, at the time of a penetration test, an operator must always wait at the side of the penetration tester to judge self-subsidence, and must observe the penetration state of the penetrator carefully. There are also some drawbacks that you might miss.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide an automatic penetration tester in which self-sinking judgment is automated.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a loading platform having a predetermined weight which can be raised and lowered along a frame, a chuck unit rotatably disposed on the loading platform, and A driving source unit that rotationally drives the unit, a penetrating rod that is held by the chuck unit and has a penetrating body connected to the tip thereof, and a brake that brakes the ascent / descent operation of the loading platform, and applies a load to the penetrating body. An automatic penetration tester for applying a load and applying rotation by driving of the drive source unit to penetrate the ground, and determines a penetration speed of the penetrating body, and determines a braking force of a brake according to the penetration speed. The load applied to the penetrator is changed by controlling the penetrating body, and the drive source unit is controlled in accordance with the load applied to the penetrator and the penetration speed to impart rotation to the penetrating rod. Furthermore during penetration rod rotating penetration, characterized in that it comprises a control unit for rotating imparting stop to penetration rod by controlling the drive unit in accordance with the penetration velocity.

[0008]

When the penetration speed of the penetrating body is detected in the process of penetrating the penetrating body into the ground, the load or rotation applied to the rotating body is adjusted. Be changed. For example, when a rotating body is provided with a load of 100 kgf and rotation by driving of the drive source unit, and when the body is penetrated into the ground, when the penetration speed exceeds a predetermined value, the drive of the drive source unit stops and the rotation is stopped. The rotation of the body is stopped, and the load is automatically reduced to 75 kgf. When the penetrating body penetrates only with the load, when the penetration of the penetrating body stops, that is, when the penetrating speed becomes zero, a process of increasing the load (maximum 100 kgf) is performed. Is zero, rotation is imparted to the penetrator.

[0009]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 3 and 4, reference numeral 1 denotes an automatic penetration tester, which is roughly divided into a pair of frames 2, a loading table 3 guided by the frames 2 and movable up and down, and
A drive source unit 4 installed on the loading platform 3;
A chuck unit 5 placed above and rotated by the drive of the drive source unit 4, and a torque detector 6 disposed on the loading platform 3 and detecting a load torque transmitted from the chuck unit 5.
A speed adjustment unit 7 located on the loading platform 3 for adjusting the ascent and descent speed of the loading platform 3; and a speed detection unit located on the loading platform 3 and detecting the ascent and descent speed of the loading platform 3. It comprises a unit 8 and a control unit 9 for controlling the operation of each unit. Hereinafter, the configuration of each of these units will be described in detail.

The frame 2 is composed of two frame members in which a vertical frame member 2a and a horizontal frame member 2b are joined in an inverted T-shape, and these are arranged in a row. A back plate 2c located on the rear side of the vertical frame member 2a. The vertical frame member 2a has an outwardly-facing side surface that is opened at a constant width over the entire length, and forms a guide path that guides the loading table 3, which will be described in detail later, up and down. Is configured.

A loading table 3 shown in FIGS. 5 to 9 is fitted to the frame 2 so as to be vertically movable. The loading table 3 is formed in a box shape having a hollow inside, and two rollers 3a are rotatably disposed on both inner side surfaces of the loading table 3, and the rollers 3a are formed of a vertical frame material in the frame 2. 2a. A weight holder 3b, on which a weight of a predetermined weight is constantly suspended, is protrudingly provided on the front surface of the loading table 3. The weight holder 3b is equipped with all the components on the loading table 3. Insufficient weight 3c is suspended so that the weight becomes 100 kgf.

The drive source unit 4 is disposed at the rear of the loading table 3 described above. In this embodiment, the drive source unit 4 is a motor, and the following description will be made with the drive source unit 4 as the motor 4. The motor 4 is installed such that the output shaft 4a protrudes from the upper surface of the loading table 3, and the output shaft 4a has a first sprocket 4b
Are rotatably supported integrally.

A torque detector 6 is arranged at a position adjacent to the motor 4 at the rear of the loading table 3. This torque detector 6
Has a first input shaft 10 protruding from the upper surface of the loading platform 3, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a second sprocket 11 is connected to an upper end of the first input shaft 10,
An electromagnetic clutch 12 is connected to the lower end. The electromagnetic clutch 12 couples and releases two opposing disks (not shown) by an electromagnet. The first input shaft 10 is connected to one disk, and the other disk is provided below the electromagnetic clutch 12. The second input shaft 13a of the located planetary gear mechanism 13 is connected.

The planetary gear mechanism 13 has a second input shaft 13a.
A sun gear 13b connected to the lower end;
b, three planetary gears 13c meshing therewith and rotatably supported by an output shaft 13d positioned on the lower surface side, and tooth portions formed on the planetary gears 13c and the inner peripheral surface thereof. And an internal gear 13e meshed with
On the upper surface of the internal gear 13e, two springs 14 extending in a direction tangential to the outer periphery thereof and constantly biasing the internal gear 13e in one rotation direction are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the center of the internal gear 13e. In addition, a sector-shaped slit plate 15 is also connected to the internal gear 13e. The slit plate 15 is formed with a slit 15a having a concave-convex shape formed continuously in an arc portion thereof.
At the position of the slit 15a, two photoelectric sensors 16 are arranged at a predetermined interval so as to cover the slit 15a. A third sprocket 1 is provided at the lower end of the output shaft 13d.
3f is connected.

A speed adjuster 7 is disposed at a position in front of the torque detector 6 described above. As shown in FIG. 10, the speed adjusting unit 7 controls the first input shaft 1 in the torque detecting unit 6.
It has a rotatable first shaft 17 located in front of the first input shaft 10 with an axis parallel to 0, a fourth sprocket 18 at the upper end of the first shaft 17, and a bevel gear 19 at the lower end. Each is rotatably supported integrally. A transmission shaft 20 having an axis crossing the first shaft 17 is provided below the first shaft 17.
Is rotatably supported by a support 3d disposed on the loading platform 3, and one end of the transmission shaft 20 is provided with a first
Bevel gear 1 of the same shape meshing with bevel gear 19 of shaft 17
A one-way clutch 21 for transmitting rotation in only one direction is connected to the other end.

A one-way clutch 21 is connected to a second shaft 22 located coaxially with the transmission shaft 20, and a powder brake 23 and a first gear 24 are fitted and fixed to the second shaft 22, respectively. I have. The powder brake 23 is a support base 3
d, an inner ring (not shown) located inside the outer ring 23a, and a powdery material (not shown) which is sealed in a powder chamber provided between the outer ring 23a and the inner ring and changes in volume by a magnetic force. And powder. The inner ring of the powder brake 23 is fixed to the second shaft 22 so as to be integrally rotatable therewith.
The inner ring and the outer ring 23a according to the volume change of the powder in 3
The rotational speed of the second shaft 22 can be controlled by the frictional resistance generated between the second shaft 22 and the second shaft 22.

A second shaft 2 is provided obliquely below and in front of the second shaft 22.
A second gear 25 having an axis parallel to the second gear and meshing with the first gear 24, and a third gear 26 having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the second gear 25 are integrally rotatably fixed. A third shaft 27 is disposed, and has an axis parallel to the axis of the third shaft 27 obliquely above and in front of the third shaft 27, and meshes with the third gear 26 of the third shaft 27. A fourth shaft 30 to which a four gear 28 and a sprocket 29 meshing with the guide chain 2d of the frame 2 are integrally rotatably fixed is provided. The sprocket 29 meshes with a guide chain 2d that is arranged on the frame 2 and extends vertically to the back plate 2c.

The speed detecting section 8 is arranged on the extension of the axis of the fourth shaft 30 in the speed adjusting section 7 described above. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the speed detector 8
A rack 2e, which is an example of a guide member extending in the vertical direction on the rear plate 2c, a detection shaft 31 which is coaxial with the fourth shaft 30 and has both ends rotatably supported, and a detection shaft 31 A disk-shaped slit disk 32, which is an example of a pulse generating unit which is inserted and fixed so as to be rotatable integrally with the disk 31, and is inserted and fixed so as to be rotatable integrally with the detection shaft 31 similarly to the slit disk 32 and the rack 2e. A pinion gear 33 is an example of a rotating unit that meshes with the optical disk, and two photoelectric sensors 34 are an example of a pulse detection unit arranged at predetermined intervals on the circumferential portion of the slit disk 32. An irregular slit 32a is formed around the entire circumference of the slit disk 32 in the speed detecting section 8 over the entire circumference.

A chuck unit 5 is disposed in front of the mounting table 3. The chuck unit 5 has a shape protruding above and below the loading platform as shown in FIG.
It has a pedestal 35 attached to the upper surface, and a cylindrical bearing case 36 hanging down below the loading platform 3 is connected to the lower surface of the pedestal 35. A cylindrical rotation transmitting sleeve 37 is rotatably disposed inside the bearing case 36 via a bearing, and a fifth sprocket 38 is integrally and rotatably fixed to a lower end of the rotation transmitting sleeve 37. A cylindrical relay sleeve 39 is screwed into the upper end so as to rotate integrally. Further, a cylindrical guide sleeve 40 is fixed to the upper surface of the relay sleeve 39, and a spring 5a is fitted on the outer periphery of the guide sleeve 40, and is always urged upward by the spring 5a. A cylindrical slide sleeve 41 is inserted.

In the vicinity of the tip of the guide sleeve 40,
A through hole 40a penetrating from the outer periphery to the inner periphery is formed at three places so as to divide the circumference into three parts.
, A steel ball 42 is operably stored. A disc-shaped stopper 4 having a hole at the center of the guide sleeve 40 and having the same diameter as the inner diameter of the guide sleeve 40 is formed at the center.
0b is provided so as to protrude in the outer peripheral direction. Further, the inner peripheral surface of the slide sleeve 41 has an inner hole having a slightly larger diameter than the outer peripheral surface of the guide sleeve 40 formed from the lower surface, and an inner hole having a larger diameter continuously formed above the inner hole. The steel ball 42 located in the through hole 40a of the guide sleeve 40 is formed by sliding the slide sleeve 41 downward along the outer circumference of the guide sleeve 40 from the through hole 40a. It is configured to be able to operate to the extent that it does not fall off, and a groove 41a is cut in the vertical direction inward on the lower surface side,
The head of a stopper screw 40c screwed into the outer periphery of the guide sleeve 40 is engaged with the groove 41a.
Are also configured to rotate together.

The penetrating rod 43 is integrally rotatably held by the chuck unit 5. This penetrating rod 4
Reference numeral 3 denotes a shaft-shaped member having a total length of 1000 mm, and a penetrating body 44 called a screw point is attached to the tip of the shaft-shaped member. In this embodiment, this penetrating body 44 is made of JI
It is manufactured based on the Swedish sounding test method of S standard A1221. A spiral groove 44a having a spiral shape is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the substantially conical penetrator 44 having a total length of 200 mm over the entire length. An upper part of the penetrating rod 43 is screwed with an adapter 45 having a total length of 250 mm and made of a shaft having the same diameter as the penetrating rod 43, and the upper part of the adapter 45 is cut into a locking groove 45a by dividing its outer circumference into three equal parts. A steel ball 42 in the guide sleeve 40 is configured to be fittable, and an external thread 45b is formed at the upper end of the adapter 45 to form another penetration rod 43.
Are connectable.

On the other hand, a cable (not shown) for extracting each speed information is connected to the speed detecting section 8 and the speed adjusting section 7, and this cable is connected to the control section 9. The control unit 9 is configured to process the lifting / lowering speed information of the loading platform 3 sent from the speed detection unit 8 and to send an operation command signal to the speed adjustment unit 7. The rotation information of the slit plate 15 sent from the sensor 16 is also converted into a torque value. The control unit 9 is provided with a printer 9a, which is capable of outputting necessary data at the time of a penetration test.

As shown in FIG. 3, a drive chain 46 is wound around each of the sprockets in the motor 4, the torque detector 6, and the speed adjuster 7, that is, the first sprocket 4b, the second sprocket 11, and the fourth sprocket 18. The third sprocket 13f in the torque detecting unit 6 and the chuck unit 5 is configured to be reliably rotated so that the rotational drive of the drive source unit 4 is transmitted to each unit.
As shown in FIG. 4, a transmission chain 48 is wound between the fifth sprockets 38 via four relay sprockets 47, and the rotation output from the planetary gear mechanism 13 of the torque detecting unit 6 is chucked. It is configured to be transmitted to the unit 5.

The automatic piercing tester 1 of the present invention having the above-described configuration lowers the loading platform 3 and penetrates into the ground while rotating the piercing body 44 by driving the driving source unit 4.
While detecting the load torque value that the penetrating body receives in the ground, the penetration speed of the penetrating body 44, that is, the descending speed of the loading platform 3 is strictly controlled to always stably penetrate the penetrating body 44, and it is extremely accurate. A penetration test is performed. In order to make this more clear, the operation of the automatic penetration tester 1 will be described in detail below.

First, the penetration rod 4 is inserted into the chuck unit 5.
3 is inserted from below and held. The penetrating rod 43 used at this stage has a penetrating body 44 connected to the tip. When holding the penetrating rod 43, first, the slide sleeve 41 of the chuck unit 5 is moved downward along the guide sleeve 40. The steel ball 42 is made operable in the through hole 40 a with the stepped shape of the inner peripheral surface of the slide sleeve 41, and then the penetration rod 43 is inserted into the guide sleeve 40, and the vicinity of the upper end of the adapter 45 is inserted into the guide sleeve 40. When the penetrating rod 43 is rotated while the slide sleeve 41 is opened while being positioned, the steel ball 42 and the locking groove 45a of the adapter 45 are engaged, and accordingly the slide sleeve 41 moves upward by the force of the spring 5a. Then, the inner peripheral surface covers the through hole 40a of the guide sleeve 40, and makes the steel ball 42 inoperable to hold the penetration rod 43. It is carried out.

After the holding of the penetrating rod 43 is completed, when a start switch (not shown) in the controller 9 is pressed, a drive command for the motor 4 is output from the controller 9 and the motor 4 is driven. The drive of the motor 4 is transmitted from the first sprocket 4b of the output shaft 4a to the drive chain 46, and the second sprocket 11
And input from the first input shaft 10 to the electromagnetic clutch 12. At this time, the electromagnetic clutch 12 is in a state in which two disks (not shown) are separated from each other, and rotation is not transmitted to components thereafter, that is, components after the planetary gear mechanism 13.

On the other hand, the drive of the motor 4 is transmitted to the second sprocket 11 and simultaneously to the fourth sprocket 18. The rotation of the first shaft 17 is started by the drive of the motor 4 transmitted to the fourth sprocket 18, and the rotation of the first shaft 17 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 20 by the bevel gear 19. Since the transmitted rotation direction is a direction in which rotation cannot be transmitted by the one-way clutch 21, rotation is not transmitted to components such as the powder brake 23 connected to the transmission shaft 20 via the one-way clutch 21. .

In the state where the drive of the motor 4 cannot be transmitted halfway, the tip of the penetrating body 44 is brought into contact with the ground to stand by. At this time, the powder brake 23
Is applied with a voltage that produces the maximum braking force. The braking force is transmitted to the sprocket 29 by the second shaft 22, the third shaft 27, and the fourth shaft 30, and the sprocket 29 is engaged with the guide chain 2d. , The loading platform 3 cannot descend. In this state, a voltage load command is output from the control unit 9 to the powder brake 23 of the speed adjustment unit 7, the voltage applied to the powder brake 23 changes, and the braking force of the powder brake 23 is reduced. As a result, the second shaft 22, the third shaft 27, the fourth shaft
The shaft 30 becomes rotatable, and the loading platform 3 descends along the frame 2 by weight.

When the braking force of the powder brake is reduced, the weight of the loading platform is applied to the penetrating body 44 as a load, whereby the penetrating body 44 sinks into the ground. However,
At this time, the sprocket 29 is
7. Because the braking force of the powder brake 23 transmitted by each gear of the fourth shaft 30 is received, the penetrating body 44 does not have a load of 100 kgf which is the equipment weight of the loading table 3 but has a load of 50 kgf.
A load corresponding to kgf is applied, and the penetrating body 44
It stops when it reaches the depth where it can sink with a load of 0 kgf.

When the subsidence of the penetrator 44 stops, the voltage applied to the powder brake 23 changes again. At this time, the voltage applied to the powder brake 23 is
This is a voltage generated by the powder brake 23 to generate a braking force corresponding to a load of 75 kgf. The change in the voltage causes the penetrator 44 to further sink into the ground, and
It stops when it reaches the depth where it can sink by the load of f.

When the subsidence of the penetrator 44 stops at a load of 75 kgf, the supply of the voltage to the powder brake 23 is stopped. As a result, the braking force of the powder brake 23 disappears, and a load of 100 kgf, which is the original equipment weight of the loading platform 3, acts on the penetrating body 44, and the penetrating body 44 starts sinking again into the ground, and the 100 kgf of Stops when the load reaches the sinkable depth.

As described above, while the braking force of the powder brake 23 is changed in three stages to lower the penetrating body 44 into the ground, the pinion gear 33 of the speed detector 8 Accordingly, the detection shaft 31 and the slit disk 32 also rotate, and a pulse is detected from the photoelectric sensor 34 by the rotation of the slit disk 32. The detected pulse is converted into the amount of penetration of the penetrating body in the control unit 9, and based on this, the penetration speed for each predetermined amount of penetration is calculated from the time corresponding to the number of unit pulses measured by a timer (not shown) in the control unit 9. Is determined.

When the sinking of the penetrator 44 stops with a load of 100 kgf, the electromagnetic clutch 12 in the torque detector 6
Operates to transmit the rotation of the motor 4 to the planetary gear mechanism 13. The rotation input to the planetary gear mechanism 13 is 1 /
After the speed is reduced to 4, the output is output from the output shaft 13d to the third sprocket 13f. The rotation output to the third sprocket 13f is further transmitted to the fifth sprocket 38 in the chuck unit 5 by the transmission chain 48, whereby the rotation transmission sleeve 37 and the relay sleeve 3 are rotated.
9. The guide sleeve 40 and the slide sleeve 41 start rotating. Accordingly, the chuck unit 5
The penetrating rod 43 held in the ground also starts rotating, and the penetrating body 44 that has been stopped underground starts to penetrate the ground again by rotating.

When the penetrating body 44 starts to penetrate into the ground while rotating, a rotational load torque from the soil acts on the penetrating body 44, and this rotational load torque is transmitted from the penetrating rod 43 to the chuck unit 5, and furthermore. The transmission chain 48 extends to the planetary gear mechanism 13. At this time, since the internal gear 13e of the planetary gear mechanism 13 is in a semi-fixed state supported by the spring 14, when the rotational load torque is transmitted from the sun gear 13b to the internal gear 13e via the planetary gear 13c. The internal gear 13e rotates while compressing the spring according to the rotational load torque value. This internal gear 1
The slit plate 15 also rotates with the rotation of 3e, and a considerable amount of pulses are detected from the photoelectric sensor 16 in accordance with the movement of the slit 15a due to the rotation of the slit plate 15. This detection pulse is sent to the control unit 9 and converted into a torque value.

After the penetrating body 44 starts to penetrate into the ground while rotating, it is measured by a timer (not shown) based on the amount of penetration obtained by a pulse from the slit disk 32 in the control unit 9. From the time per unit number of pulses, the penetration speed for each predetermined amount of penetration is continuously determined, and the number of rotations of the penetrator 44 during the predetermined amount of penetration is also calculated from the time per unit number of pulses. . The above-described measurement of the torque value is performed for each predetermined amount of penetration.

When the penetration speed exceeds a predetermined value during the process in which the penetrating body 44 penetrates into the ground by the rotational force, the electromagnetic clutch 12 is disengaged, and the rotation transmission from the motor 4 to the planetary gear mechanism 13 is cut off. The rotation of the penetration rod 44 is stopped.
At the same time, a voltage is applied to the powder brake 23,
With this voltage load, the powder brake 23 generates a braking force such that the load exerted on the penetrating body 44 by the loading platform 3 becomes 75 kgf. If the subsidence of the penetrating body 44 does not stop, the load voltage of the powder brake 23 is further increased, and the powder brake 23 generates a braking force with which the load 3 exerts a load of 50 kgf on the penetrating body. Intruder 4
When the subsidence of the penetrating body 4 stops, the penetrating body 44 is penetrated again from the above-described penetrating operation in which the penetrating body 44 is not rotated. When the penetration speed of the penetrating body 44 becomes lower than a predetermined value,
The penetration of the penetrating body 44 stops at that position, and a buzzer (not shown) operates.

The penetration test using the automatic penetration tester 1 is performed up to about 15 m underground. Therefore, during the penetration test, the penetration rod 43 must be extended several times by adding the penetration rod 43. When the loading platform 3 reaches a preset bottom dead center during the piercing operation, the operation of the automatic piercing test machine 1 is stopped at that position.

Thereafter, a new penetrating rod 43 is screwed into the upper end of the penetrating rod 43 held by the chuck unit 5, and the slide sleeve 41 of the chuck unit 5 is lowered along the guide sleeve 40, and at about 30 °
The slide sleeve 40 is rotated. By rotating the slide sleeve 41, the stopper screw 40c of the guide sleeve 40 is moved to the groove 41a of the slide sleeve 41.
, The guide sleeve 40 also rotates, whereby the steel ball 42 fitted in the locking groove 45a of the adapter 45 is detached from the locking groove 45a, and
Abuts on the unformed outer peripheral surface of the locking groove 45a.
In this state, the steel ball 42 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the guide sleeve 40 as shown in FIG. 14, and the stepped inner peripheral surface of the slide sleeve 41 is locked to the protrusion of the steel ball 42. Therefore, even if the force pulling down the slide sleeve 41 is released, the slide sleeve 41 stops at that position.

Subsequently, when the motor 4 is driven in a direction opposite to that in the original penetration test, this rotation is performed by the first sprocket 4b,
The power is transmitted to the first shaft 17 via the drive chain 46 and the fourth sprocket 18, and is transmitted from the first shaft 17 to the transmission shaft 20 via the bevel gear 19. At this time, since the drive of the motor 4 is the reverse drive, the one-way clutch 21 transmits the rotation, and the rotation of the transmission shaft 20 is transmitted to the second shaft 22, the third shaft 27, and the fourth shaft 30, and the sprocket 29 is rotated. It is rotated along the guide chain 2d. This allows the loading platform 3
Starts rising along frame 2.

At this time, since the electromagnetic clutch 12 is disengaged, the chuck unit 5 does not rotate, and no voltage is applied to the powder brake 23.
When the loading platform reaches a predetermined position, the loading platform is stopped by the braking force of the powder brake 23. This stop position is near where the guide sleeve 40 of the chuck unit 5 is located near the locking groove 45a of the adapter 45 of the new penetrating rod 43.
At the same time as the lifting of the loading table 3 is stopped, the drive of the motor 4 is switched to the forward drive, and at the same time, the electromagnetic clutch 12 is operated to transmit the drive of the motor 4 to the chuck unit 5.

As a result, the chuck unit 5 rotates, and with the rotation of the chuck unit 5, the steel ball 42 fits into the locking groove 45a of the adapter 45, and the slide sleeve 41 moves upward by spring force. The inner peripheral surface covers the through hole 40a of the guide sleeve 40 to close the operation of the steel ball 42, and complete the connection of the new penetration rod 43.
The penetration test thereafter is continuously performed from the state before the extension of the penetration rod 43. When the extension of the penetration rod 43 is repeated and the penetration body 44 reaches a target penetration amount, the penetration test is terminated at that time.

While the work of adding the penetration rod 43 is being performed, the test data up to that time is output from the printer 9a of the control unit 9. This test data summarizes the torque value at a predetermined amount of penetration, the number of rotations of the penetrator 44 between the predetermined amount of penetration, and the number of rotations of the penetrator 44 per 1 m calculated from the number of rotations of the penetrator 44 between the predetermined amount of penetration. The data is output in a tabular format, and after completion of the penetration test, the operator determines the soil quality at a predetermined penetration amount from these data.

[0043]

According to the automatic penetration tester of the present invention, the lowering speed of the loading platform, that is, the penetration speed of the penetrating body is determined, and the application of rotation to the penetrating body and the stop are switched accordingly. Therefore, it is possible to accurately judge the self-sinking, and to appropriately switch the application of rotation and the stop according to the self-sinking. Therefore, there are advantages that accurate test data can be obtained and the reliability of soil determination can be improved. In addition to switching the rotation, the load acting on the penetrator is also changed according to the penetration speed, so the load can be changed in response to self-settling, and more accurate test data can be obtained. The reliability of soil determination can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a speed detector in an automatic penetration tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the automatic penetration tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of the automatic penetration tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of a loading platform in the automatic penetration tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged bottom view of a loading platform in the automatic penetration testing machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view illustrating the internal structure of the loading platform in the automatic penetration tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view illustrating the internal structure of the loading platform in the automatic penetration tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged side view illustrating the internal structure of the loading platform in the automatic penetration tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a speed adjusting unit in the automatic penetration tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a torque detector in the automatic penetration tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a chuck unit in the automatic penetration tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a chuck unit in the automatic penetration tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Automatic penetration testing machine 2 Frame 3 Loading table 3c Weight 4 Drive source part (motor) 5 Chuck unit 6 Torque detection part 7 Speed adjustment part 8 Speed detection part 9 Control part 12 Electromagnetic clutch 13 Planetary gear mechanism 14 Spring 15 Slit plate 17 First shaft 21 One-way clutch 22 Second shaft 23 Powder brake 27 Third shaft 29 Sprocket 30 Fourth shaft 31 Detecting shaft 32 Slit disk 33 Pinion gear 34 Photoelectric sensor 40 Guide sleeve 40a Through hole 41 Slide sleeve 42 Steel ball 43 Penetrating rod 44 Penetrating body 45 Adapter 45a Locking groove 46 Drive chain 48 Transmission chain

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A loading table having a predetermined weight that can be raised and lowered along a frame, a chuck unit rotatably disposed on the loading table, a driving source unit that rotationally drives the chuck unit, and a holding unit that holds the chuck unit. A penetrating rod having a penetrating body connected to the tip thereof, and a brake for changing the load applied to the penetrating body by the weight of the loading platform by braking the lifting / lowering operation of the loading platform. Applying a load and rotating by driving of the drive source unit
By applying a penetration, which an automatic penetration tester penetrating into the ground, indexing the penetration rate of the penetrating body, by changing the braking force by controlling the brake in response to the penetration rate
Change the load applied to the body and load the penetrator
Controlling the drive source according to the applied load and the penetration speed.
Rotation to the penetrating rod, and
During the rolling penetration, the drive source is controlled according to the penetration speed.
An automatic penetration tester comprising a control unit for stopping rotation application to a penetration rod .