JP3190949B2 - Method of burying and excavating box in excavated soil and excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for propelling and embedding a box as a tunnel element in soil while excavating soil under water, and an excavator used in this method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, each box as a tunnel element is manufactured in advance, and these are towed to a construction site, and these boxes are laid down at a place where they have been dredged in advance, joined together in water, and then backfilled. For this reason, a submerged construction method for constructing an underwater tunnel is known.

[0003]

However, according to the prior art described above, since the case is towed to the construction site and laid down, and each case is connected underwater, the work is very large and difficult. There was a problem that the construction cost was enormous. In addition, since the water area must be temporarily closed at the time of construction, there has been a problem that the obstacles to the navigation route are enormous. In addition, there was a problem that the sea was polluted during construction.

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method of burying a box body in excavated soil by excavating the box under the water surface with an excavator while excavating a plurality of boxes connected to the rear of the excavator. It is a method of burying in the soil while propelling the body, and the working space for supply and drainage is provided between the front box located in front and the rear box connected behind this box. Drain and decompress the water in the working space in front of the box to be formed and decompressed, open the seal in the working space on the rear side to supply water, and provide the working space in front of and behind the box. The box can be propelled based on the pressure difference. The excavator used in the method for burying and excavating a box according to the present invention into an excavated soil is an excavator that excavates and excavates underwater soil at the head of a box connected to the rear part. There is a receiving space which is open in front of the propulsion, and in which excavated earth and sand, mud, etc. are taken in, and which is located at the front of the above-mentioned storage space, slides in a direction substantially perpendicular to the propulsion direction, and which is the front of the above-mentioned storage space To close the storage space when earth and sand, mud, and the like are stored in the storage space during propulsion, and discharge the soil, mud, and the like stored in the storage space onto land or on a ship. And a discharge system. Further, the excavator according to the present invention includes, in place of the bucket, a bucket located at a front portion of the storage space so as to close the storage space and biting earth and sand or mud and feeding the bucket toward the bottom of the storage space. It was prepared.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1 FIG. FIG. 1 is an overall side view showing a first embodiment of a method of embedding a box into excavated soil according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view showing details of an excavator and a head propulsion unit. In FIG. 1, in the present method, following a head propulsion unit 2 having an excavator 1 at the tip, a longitudinal cylindrical box (submerged pipe) 3 a to 3 e.
Are continuously connected to each other, while propelling while excavating the soil 5 of the seabed 4, and installing the boxes 3a to 3e at predetermined positions, for example, to construct a seabed tunnel. As shown in FIG. 2, the head propulsion section 2 has a propulsion mechanism on the distal end side, and is formed of a long cylindrical box 2A provided with a cylindrical propulsion body 6 propelled forward by the propulsion mechanism. . The tip of box 2A is lid 2
t, and a jack 7 as a propulsion mechanism is attached to the lid 2t. An outer cylinder 2a is located in front of the box 2A, and a slide rail cylinder 6a having a substrate 6b parallel to the lid 2t is located inside the outer cylinder 2a. 6t partition wall on the tip side
Is located, and a rotating bucket 9 having a C-shaped cross section and constituting the excavator 1 is held by a gripping portion 8 protruding forward from the partition wall 6t. This rotating bucket 9 makes a reciprocating half rotation substantially. The holding space 8 forms an accommodation space 1g. In this case, a side plate (not shown) is attached to a side portion of the rotating bucket 9, which is supported by a bearing, and one of the side plates is configured to transmit torque to the rotating bucket 9 by a drive mechanism (not shown). The propulsion body 6 is constituted by the slide rail tube 6a and the gripping portion 8.

The hydraulic cylinder 7a of the jack 7 is attached to the base plate 6b, and the excavator 1 is moved forward by the operation of the jack 7 to move the base plate 6b forward, so that sediment, mud and seawater are taken into the accommodation space 1g. Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the rotating bucket 9 having the open end as shown in FIG. 3 (a) is rotated substantially half a turn as shown in FIG. 3 (b), thereby digging into the earth and sand and mud 5a taken into the accommodation space 1g. . And earth and sand,
The mud 5a and the seawater 11 are accommodated in the accommodation space 1g in which the rotating bucket 9 is closed and is in a sealed state.

[0007] The seawater 11 accumulated above the accommodation space 1g is
The supply connected to the upper part of the accommodation space 1g via the pipe 12a,
The water is drained to the outside through the pipe 12b by the drain pump 12 (see FIG. 2). In other words, these supply and drainage pumps 12
A supply / drainage system is constituted by the pipes 12a and 12b, and by driving the supply / drainage pump 12 to the drainage side, the seawater 11 is drained into the sea as shown in FIG. The pipe 12b has a supply end and a drainage pump 12 at one end.
And is attached to the outer cylinder 2a so that the other end faces the sea via the outer cylinder 2a, and is formed of a hose pipe having a length that can follow the movement of the propulsion body 6.

Further, the earth and sand and mud 5a stored in the storage space 1g are transferred from the lower part of the storage space 1g to the land via the head propulsion unit 2 and the following boxes 3a to 3c. Discharged to sediment dumps or sediment carriers. That is, the discharge pump 13 is connected to the lower side of the storage space 1g via the pipe 13a, and the sediment and mud 5a stored in the storage space 1g are deposited on land by the discharge pump 13 via the pipe 13b. Discharged to the site and / or sediment transport ship. That is, the discharge pump 13 and the pipes 13a, 1
A discharge system is constituted by 3b, and by driving the discharge pump 13, as shown in FIG. 3 (d), earth and sand and mud 5a are discharged to a land-based sediment accumulation site or a sediment transport ship. Therefore, since the earth and sand and the mud 5a are not dumped into the sea, the sea is not polluted.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (e), by driving the water supply / drainage pump 12 to the water supply side, the seawater 11
The jack 7 is contracted while taking into the accommodation space 1g. At this time, since the housing 2A is pressed forward by the propulsion jack 14 shown in FIG. 4 attached to the rear part of the housing 2A, the housing 2A can be propelled.

Next, when the rotary bucket 9 is reversed and opened forward from the state shown in FIG. 3 (e), since the accommodation space 1g is filled with seawater 11, sediment and mud are vigorously accommodated together with the seawater. Seawater and earth and sand,
The mud mixes and does not pollute the sea.

That is, in the excavating operation by the excavator 1, the dredging operation in the previous stage is eliminated, so that the obstacle to the channel can be minimized. In addition, work can be performed without polluting the sea.

In the next stage, as shown in FIG. 3A, the rotating bucket 9 is rotated by half while pressing the rotating bucket 9, and thereafter, the same operation as in FIGS. 3B to 3E is performed. Is repeated, the head propulsion unit 2 can be intermittently propelled.

As shown in FIG. 4, a jack 14 is attached between the rear part of the first box 2A from the front and the front part of the second box 3a in FIG.
The box 2A is to be propelled by the expansion and contraction of 4.
That is, when the jack 14 is extended, the head propulsion unit 2 can be pressed.
When the weight of A is increased and the jack 14 is shortened, the box 3a
Can be pulled in the direction of the head propulsion unit 2. At this time, the head propulsion unit 2 does not move backward due to its weight.

In each of the boxes 3a to 3e, an operation space 15 for supply and drainage is formed between the front and rear boxes. As shown in FIG. 5, the front and rear portions of the boxes 3a to 3e are closed by a lid 16, and the inside is a closed space. The small-diameter cylinder 17 protruding rearward from the rear lid 16 at the rear of the box 3a positioned at the front, and the front lid 16 of the box 3b positioned at the rear, covering the outside of the small-diameter cylinder 17. An inner space corresponding to an overlap portion between the large-diameter cylindrical body 18 protruding forward is formed as an operating space 15 for supply and drainage. Further, the seal member 19 is provided between the small-diameter cylinder 17 and the large-diameter cylinder 18, so that the working space 15 is kept tightly closed. The sealing member 19
As shown in FIG. 7, an air tube 19a and both ends 19s, 19
s is fixed to the fixing members 19c, 19c, and the outer covering material 19b having high lubricity.

In FIG. 5, reference numeral 28 denotes a cylindrical joint cover whose front end 28a is fixed to the rear outer periphery of the front case 3a with screws or the like, and prevents earth and sand and mud from entering the sheet member 19 side. I do. Reference numeral 29 denotes a gasket, which has a function of interposing between the two when the boxes are joined to each other so as to adhere to each other. 30 is an auxiliary jack, 8
0 is a stroke key.

A water supply / drainage port 20 is provided in front of and behind each of the boxes 3a to 3e, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. The working space 15 and the sea facing the water supply / drainage port 20 are provided. A drainage path 21A and a water supply path 22A to communicate with each other are formed. A drain pump 21 is provided in the drain path 21A.
And valves 21b and 21c. The water supply path 22A is provided with a valve 22a.

The box 2A and each of the boxes 3a to 3e ...
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a plurality of tanks 26 are provided at the middle bottom, which are partitioned by a plurality of partition plates 25 on the left, right, front and rear, and a pump 27 is connected to each tank 26, whereby Seawater is selectively supplied to and drained from the tank 26. In this case, if the water is supplied to all the tanks 26, 26,..., The box can be made heavy. If only the front tank is supplied, only the front part is supplied, and if only the rear tank is supplied, only the rear part becomes heavy. it can. In addition, left and right weights can be adjusted.

When water is supplied into a large number of tanks 26 of the box 2A and the jack 7 is contracted while the weight of the head propulsion unit 2 is increased, the box 3a is pulled by the jack 14 and moves forward. Promote. Here, if the valves 22a, 22a of FIG. 5 are opened, the pressure in the working space 15 is reduced,
0, 20 through the valves 22a, 22a, the seawater enters and fills the working space 15, and the lid 1 at the rear of the box 3a is filled.
6 is pressed, so that the box 3a is propelled forward. After the propulsion of the box 3a is completed, water is supplied to a large number of tanks 26 in the box 3a to make the box 3a heavier.
When the operating space 21 is operated to drain the working space 15, the working space 15 is depressurized. At this time, if the valve 22a of the water supply path 22A on the rear side of the housing 3b is opened, the housing 3b is opened.
The inside of the working space 15 on the rear side has a positive pressure, and the positive pressure in the working space on the rear side of the box 3b and the pressure reduction (negative pressure) in the working space on the front side of the box 3b. Due to the pressure difference, the box 3
b can be propelled. After the box 3b is propelled, the water is poured into the tank 26 in the box 3b to increase the weight of the box 3b. Then, when the seawater in the working space at the rear of the box 3b is drained, the working space is removed. The inside is a negative pressure, and since the pressure in the working space at the rear of the box 3c is a positive pressure as described above, the box 3c can be propelled. Similarly, by sequentially supplying and draining water over the rear working space, the boxes 3d, 3e... Can be sequentially propelled. According to the present embodiment, the working space is formed between the boxes, and the area where the water pressure acts is large, so that the box can be efficiently propelled.

Therefore, according to the first embodiment, since the box can be efficiently propelled, the work is simple and the construction cost can be reduced. In addition, the dredging work in the previous stage will be eliminated, and there will be no hindrance to the channel. Also, construction can be performed without polluting the sea.

Although it has been described that seawater is injected into each of the boxes 2A, 3a to 3e... To increase the weight and prevent the retreat of the box, the piston rod projects from the outer surface of the box. It may be used as a wedge by embedding it in the soil, thereby preventing the box from retreating.
At the time of further propulsion, the rod may be retracted to get out of the soil. It is effective to provide a plurality of such piston rods.

In FIG. 8, the pump 27 is connected to each tank 26 individually.
7, one valve may be connected to each tank, and the supply and discharge of seawater to each tank may be individually controlled by this valve.

Further, the tank 26 has been described as being designed to increase the weight of the box so that the box does not return backward during the propulsion operation. However, when the front, rear, left and right balances are to be taken. Is also used. That is, when there is a tendency for each box to protrude so as to rise upward in relation to the direction of propulsion of the excavator 1 due to the hard and soft relation of the earth and sand, as shown by hatching in FIG. Water is supplied by the pump 27 so that the tank is filled with seawater. Conversely, when propelling, when propelling in the direction where the front of the box sinks, make the tank on the relatively rear side filled with seawater and make the rear part heavy, so that the front part rises Control. Furthermore, when the case tends to propel while tilting to the left or right, water may be injected into the tank in the direction opposite to the tilt. In this way, control is performed so that each box is kept horizontal.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 10, 11 and 12 are diagrams showing another embodiment according to the method of the present invention.
In each of the figures, each of the boxes 2A, 3a to 3e... Is provided with horizontal wings 42a, 42b before and after the side wall 41, which penetrates the side wall 41 and is connected to the wing controller 43 at the base end. Is fixed, so that it is projected outward by the wing controller 43,
The inclination angle in the front-back direction is controlled. When controlling so that the front part of the box rises during propulsion, the front horizontal wing 42a is inclined upward (the rear horizontal wing 42b may be inclined downward), and the front part is sunk. In such a control, the front horizontal wing 42a is inclined downward (the rear horizontal wing 42b may be inclined downward). In addition, each of the boxes 2A, 3a to 3e.
Later, vertical wings 46a and 46b are provided, which are connected to the bottom wall 45.
And the base end is fixed to the wing controller 44, and is projected outward by the wing controller 44, and the left and right inclination angles thereof are controlled. The vertical wing may be provided on the upper surface of each box. Therefore, when it is desired to turn the box to the right, the front vertical wing may be tilted to the right. To turn the box to the left, the front vertical wing may be tilted to the left. At this time, the direction of the rear vertical wing 46b can be more effectively controlled if the rear vertical wing 46b is directed in the opposite direction to the front vertical wing 46a. Therefore, according to this embodiment, when the box does not properly follow the excavator 1 due to the softness of the ground, the horizontal wing and the vertical wing are operated to control the propulsion direction of the box. Each box can be aligned and propelled along the excavator 1.

Embodiment 3 FIG. FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the method according to the present invention, in which 50 is a place where each of the boxes 2A, 3a to 3e... Is to be embedded (a place corresponding to the bottom surface 45 of the box). Is a guideway laid along, for example, three tunnels are formed in the soil 5 in parallel using a small excavator, and concrete is poured into the three tunnels. The upper surface of the guideway 50 is provided with a recess 4 provided in the bottom surface 45 of the box.
5a, thereby restricting the horizontal movement of the box. After providing such a guideway 50,
If the box is propelled while excavating in the soil 5 with the excavator 1, the box is propelled while sliding on the guideway 50, so that the friction at the time of propulsion is small and the propulsion does not require much force.
The propulsion is facilitated, and the left, right, up, and down movements are restricted by the guideway 50, so that the buried position of the box does not become out of order and can be installed at the specified position.

Embodiment 4 14, 15 and 16 show another embodiment of the method according to the invention, in which the lubricating sheet 6
It is a figure which shows embodiment which made 0 follow the side surface 41 and the bottom surface 45 of a box. The lubricating sheet material 60 has a longitudinal shape along the longitudinal direction of the box. For example, the lubricating material is formed by applying a lubricating material such as a brazing material to the surface of a resin sheet, and is provided on the outer surface side of the wall 61. The shaft 63 is rotatably positioned in the recessed portion 62, and the slip sheet material 60 is unwound from a roll 64 on which the slip sheet material 60 is rolled.
Used by sticking to. The roll 64 is covered with a cover 65. According to this, when the box is propelled, the earth and sand 50 comes into contact with the lubricating sheet material 60, so that the lumber can be smoothly propelled by the interposition of the lubricating sheet material 60. The lubricating sheet material 60 may not be provided on the outer surface of the box, but may be applied to the outer surface of the box by discharging a lubricating spray from the box side during the propulsion process.

Embodiment 5 FIGS. 17, 18, and 19 show another embodiment of the excavator according to the present invention. In each of the figures, the excavator 70 has a seal member 70s on the outer periphery of the tip end side of the box 2A of the head propulsion unit 2. An outer cylinder 70a that is in contact with and has a sharp tip, a substrate 70b provided at the center of the outer cylinder 70a, a jack 70c attached to the partition wall 6z and pressing the substrate 70b;
b, which are attached to b and are positioned so as to face forward. The excavated earth and sand is guided by the guide 70f in the direction of the earth and sand storage space 70e in which the buckets 70d are arranged side by side. A tube 13a is attached to the lower part of the substrate 70b corresponding to the earth and sand storage space 70e.
, The discharge pump 13 and the pipe 13b constitute a discharge system similar to the excavator 1 in FIG. In such a configuration, when the bucket 70d is closed while applying a forward pressing force to the board 70b with the jack 70c as shown in FIG. 18 from the state where the bucket 70d is opened as shown in FIG. Biting, earth and sand are contained space 7
It is drawn to 0e. The sediment contained in this storage space is sucked rearward through the pipe 13a by the operation of the pump 13, and is sent to the land-based sedimentation site via the pipe 13b, or is deposited on the ship. According to the excavator 70, the earth and sand is once drawn into the storage space by the bucket 70d and then discharged to the outside by the pump, so that the earth and sand are not agitated during the excavation and the water area is not polluted.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a propulsion burial method according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an overall side view for explaining the method.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of an excavator and a head propulsion unit used in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory view of an excavator and a head propulsion unit.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram for explaining a relationship between a head propulsion unit and a box (3a).

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a configuration between boxes (3a to 3e...).

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining a configuration of a front portion and a rear portion of each of the boxes (3a to 3e...).

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing details of a seal member.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing the internal structure of each of the boxes (2A, 3a to 3e...) As viewed from above.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the internal structure of each of the boxes (2A, 3a to 3e...) As viewed from the side.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view of each box (2A, 3a-3e ...) used in.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of each box used in.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of each box used in.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the relationship between each box (2A, 3a-3e ...) used by and a guideway.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the relationship between each box (2A, 3a-3e ...) used by and a sheet material.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure for explaining the sheet material used in.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure for explaining the sheet material used in.

FIG. It is an internal block diagram in the state seen from the top which shows other forms of the excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. It is an internal block diagram in the state seen from the top which shows other forms of the excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. It is an internal block diagram in the state seen from the side which shows other forms of the excavator according to the present invention as an example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 70 excavator 2A, 3a to 3e ... box 15 working space 16 lid 17 small-diameter cylinder (first cylinder) 18 large-diameter cylinder (second cylinder) 19 sealing member 26 tank 42a, 42b Horizontal wing 46a, 46b Vertical wing 50 Guideway 60 Sheet material 1g, 70e Storage space 9, 70d Bucket.

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hirofumi Tatsu 1-8 Tsukudo-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside the Kumagaya-gumi Tokyo branch (72) Inventor Naka Noboru 2-1 Tsukudo-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Stock Company Kumagaya Gumi Tokyo Head Office (72) Inventor Ryo Nagata 2-1 Tsukudo-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Stock Company Kumagaya Gumi Tokyo Headquarters (72) Inventor Tanyu Kawachi 1-8 Tsukudo-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Kumagaya Gumi Tokyo Branch (56) References JP-A-60-233294 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 29/063-29/077

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of digging underground water by an excavator and burying it in the soil while propelling a plurality of boxes connected to the rear of the excavator, the method comprising: A working space for supply and drainage is formed between the box and the rear box connected to the back of the box, and water in the working space in front of the box to be propelled is drained and decompressed. The housing is characterized in that the sealing of the rear working space is opened to allow water to be supplied, and the housing can be propelled based on the pressure difference between the front and rear working spaces. How to burial in excavated soil. 2. The box according to claim 1, wherein the box is propelled while excavating the underwater soil at the head of the box connected to the rear part.
An excavator for use in a method of burying and excavating into excavated soil, comprising: a storage space opened forward of the propulsion, into which excavated earth and sand, mud, etc. are taken; A bucket that slides in a substantially perpendicular direction to close the front portion of the storage space, and seals the storage space when earth and sand or mud is stored in the storage space during propulsion; An excavator comprising: a discharge system for discharging stored earth and sand, mud, and the like onto land or onto a ship. 3. The box according to claim 1, wherein the box is propelled while excavating underwater soil at the head of the box connected to the rear part.
An excavator used for a method of burying and excavating in excavated soil , which is opened in front of the propulsion and accommodates excavated earth and sand, mud, etc., and closes the accommodation space in front of the accommodation space And a bucket that bites earth and sand or mud and sends it toward the bottom of the storage space, and a discharge system for discharging soil and mud or the like stored in the storage space on land or on a ship. An excavator, comprising: