JP3487201B2 - Construction method of underwater tunnel and underwater excavator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is to install a plurality of tunnel box elements (hereinafter referred to as "boxes") prefabricated by a precast method in an onshore production yard while connecting them to each other below the ground surface of the water bottom. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a construction method of a subsea tunnel for constructing a subsea tunnel and a submersible machine used in this construction method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Up to now, a submerged tunnel method has been generally known as a method for constructing a continuous tunnel under the surface of water such as an undersea tunnel. The submerged tunnel method is
The purpose is to tow the box to the planned site where the foundation work has been completed, and then to sunk and join the box to construct a continuous tunnel at the bottom of the water.

However, in such a construction method, it is necessary to carry out foundation work such as dredging at the planned point, and it is necessary to tow each box from the box production yard to the planned point. There were problems such as blocking the route.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and in particular, the construction of a submarine tunnel that enables extremely efficient construction of a submarine tunnel without hindering the movement of ships on the main route. The purpose is to provide a construction method and a submersible machine.

[0005]

A water bottom ton according to claim 1.
The construction method of the flannel is a construction method of a subsea tunnel in which a subsea tunnel is constructed by digging the submerged ground and installing a plurality of boxes on the submerged ground while joining each other.
Plural new boxes are submerged in water, and the top of the existing box is already installed.
It is characterized in that after sliding to the box, it is installed in order in front of the existing box at the top to build a continuous tunnel.

The construction method of the undersea tunnel according to claim 2 is the construction method of the undersea tunnel according to claim 1, wherein
The plurality of boxes includes a guide rail and a box at the upper end of the box.
A guide groove is provided at the lower end of the
It is characterized in that it can slide in the direction.

A submarine excavator according to claim 3 is used for constructing a submarine tunnel by excavating a submerged ground and installing a plurality of boxes on the submerged ground while being joined to each other. In the excavator, a new box is housed from the top, and the upper part and the tail part are opened so that the tail part can be put out on the ground after the excavation.
The excavation means to move it to the tail section.
Gently pull the new box on the upper end to
Each winch that slides to the top existing box
It is characterized by being prepared.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION FIG. 1 shows an example of a submarine tunnel. In the figure, a submarine tunnel A is constructed by arranging a plurality of boxes 1 at relatively shallow positions below the ground surface of the sea floor while joining them. Has been done. Further, both ends of the submarine tunnel A thus constructed are connected to a separately constructed tunnel B, and are connected to the ground through the tunnel B.

The box 1 is an RC structure, P
It is constructed by a C structure, an SRC structure, or a steel / concrete composite structure in which concrete is placed in a steel plate form.

Further, backfilling mortar or sand 2 is mainly provided between each box 1 and the seabed 6 to stabilize the box 1.
Etc. are filled to a predetermined thickness. 2 and 3 show a submarine excavator used in the construction of the subsea tunnel A. The excavator 3 has a box shape so that the box 1 can be housed therein.
The upper end and the tail are both open so that the can be stowed from the top and pulled out from the tail.

Further, a face plate 4 and a screw conveyor (not shown) for discharging the excavated soil to the rear as excavation means for digging the ground on the seabed forward at the tip side, and a face plate 4 as propulsion means for digging the ground at the tail portion. While being equipped with each of the propulsion jacks 5 for moving forward.

As the excavation means, especially the seabed 6
Is a sand silt layer, the excavation blade 7 and the mud pump 8 are additionally provided as shown in FIG. 5 (a), and the excavated soil excavated by the excavation blade 7 and seawater are agitated to make muddy water. A device in which the fluid is discharged backward by the sludge pump 8, and FIG.
As shown in (b), an earth drill 9 and a concrete pump 10 may be provided, and the excavated soil excavated by the earth drill 9 may be discharged backward by the concrete pump 10 in a state close to the original shape. Any structure may be used as long as it can continuously excavate the seabed 6 and simultaneously discharge the excavated soil backward.

A winch 11 is installed at the upper end of the excavator 3 on the tip side, and a lift 12 is installed in the excavator 3. The winch 11 is installed on the box 1 (hereinafter referred to as "existing box 1") that is continuously installed while being joined to each other under the ground surface of the seabed (hereinafter referred to as "newly installed"). When sliding the "Box 1") from the water area outside the waterway of the main route (water area near the shore) to the opposite shore, pull the new case 1 toward the opposite shore. Is used for.

In this case, slide the new box 1
For smooth operation , for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a guide rail 13 continuous in the axial direction of the new box 1 is provided on the upper end of the new box 1 while the lower end of the new box 1 is projected. The guide groove 14 slidably engaged with the guide rail 13 is formed continuously in the axial direction of the new case 1.

By doing so, the lateral displacement of the new box 1 when the new box 1 is transferred can be prevented, and the new box 1 can be transferred extremely smoothly to the machine 3 side. Note that the guide rails 13 are removed after the installation of all the boxes 1, and the guide grooves 14 are completely filled with the backfill mortar 2.

The lift 12 is used to lower the new box 1 transferred to the top of the excavator 3 by the winch 11 into the excavator 3, and a plurality of receiving and elevating devices for mounting the new box 1 thereon. 16 is provided.

A plurality of receiving and elevating devices 16 are provided on both sides of the excavator 3 so as to be vertically movable from the upper end to the bottom of the excavator 3. In addition, the excavator 3 is formed in a box shape so that the box body 1 can be stored therein, and has a structure capable of coping with earth pressure from the surroundings.

A plurality of rollers (or tires) 17 are attached to the inside and bottom of the excavator 3 so that the new box 1 can be easily moved without receiving frictional resistance. Further, the excavator 3 is provided with a center folding mechanism 18 which can meander freely left and right and up and down during the excavation so that it can freely cope with a gentle curve or unevenness of the box 1. The excavator 3 configured in this manner is further adapted to freely adjust the buoyancy by using ballast water.

Next, the construction method of the underwater tunnel according to the present invention having such a structure will be described in order (see FIGS. 6 to 8). (1) First, the starting earth retaining wall 19 is constructed on the starting base side of the undersea tunnel A (see FIG. 6A). The earth retaining wall 19 for start-up is to be constructed in a water area outside the water area of the main route where the ship frequently travels (water area near the shore) so as not to hinder the traffic of the ship during construction.

The starting earth retaining wall 19 is constructed by, for example, driving in a plurality of steel sheet piles, and the back ground 20 of the starting earth retaining wall 19 is improved. (2) Next, within the water area outside the water area of the main channel (water area near the shore), the seabed ground on the main channel side of the starting earth retaining wall 19 is dug down over a predetermined range by the dredger 21 (Fig. 6).
(See (b)).

If necessary, a foundation pile 22 such as a steel pipe pile is driven into the dug bottom (root cutting bottom), and a foundation concrete 23 is placed thereon (FIG. 6).
(See (c)). (3) Next, the excavator 3 is sunk on the foundation concrete 23 in a water area outside the water area of the main channel (water area near the shore) (see FIG. 7 (a)). Further, the first box 1a is sunk in the excavator 3.

At this time, the excavator 3 is hung by the crane ship 15, sunk while adjusting the buoyancy with ballast water, and installed on the foundation concrete 23. Further, the box body 1a is also hung by the crane ship 15, sunk to the top of the excavator 3 while adjusting the buoyancy with ballast water, and placed on the receiving and elevating device 16 of the lift 12. Then, the lift 12 is operated to further sink the box 1a to the bottom of the excavator 3. (4) Next, while excavating the ground with the face plate 4, the propulsion jack 5 is operated by receiving the reaction force from the first box 1a to advance the excavator 3 to move the distance for one box 1a. Dig in.

By excavating a distance corresponding to one box with the machine 3, the box 1a in the machine 3 is moved from the tail of the machine 3 by the propulsion jack 5 contrary to the case where the machine 3 advances. It is pushed onto the seabed 6 at the rear, and the inside of the excavator 3 becomes empty.

Since the excavator 3 is provided with a plurality of propulsion jacks 5, the direction (excavation direction) of the excavator 3 is changed and the attitude is controlled by appropriately operating the propulsion jacks 5. (5) Next, backfill mortar or sand 2 is filled between the box 1a extruded onto the seabed 6 and the ground to stabilize the box 1a. (6) Next, in the water area outside the water area of the main route (water area near the shore), install the second box 1b installed in the crane ship 1
5 and sunk while adjusting the buoyancy with ballast water in the same way as the first box 1a, and put it on the box 1a (Fig. 7 (b)).
reference). (7) Next, connect the wire 11a of the winch 11 to the second box 1b. Then, use the winch 11 to move the box 1b
It is pulled to the excavator 3 side, transferred on the box 1a to the excavator 3 side, and placed on the receiving and elevating device 16 of the lift 12. Next, the lift 12 is operated to sink the box 1b to the bottom inside the excavator 3. (8) Next, again while excavating the ground with the face plate 4, the box 1
By operating the propulsion jack 5 by receiving b as a reaction force, the excavator 3 is advanced to further dig a distance of one box.

By excavating a distance of one box with the excavator 3, the box 1b in the excavator 3 is pushed out from the tail portion of the excavator 3 onto the rear seabed ground, and the inside of the excavator 3 is Become empty. (9) Next, backfill mortar or sand 2 is filled between the box 1b extruded on the seabed 6 and the ground to stabilize the box 1b. Also, the first box 1a and the box 1
Join b. (10) Similarly, while excavating the submarine ground 6 with the excavator 3, a required number of boxes 1c, 1d, ... Are sequentially installed on the subseabed 6 after excavation while being joined to each other. . (11) After the last box 1n is installed on the arrival side of the constructed submarine tunnel A in this manner, the excavation means of the excavator 3 is separated and recovered, and the box-shaped main body portion is left as it is on the seabed. The box-shaped main body portion is used as an outer frame for constructing a joint portion with the tunnel B leading to the ground (see FIG. 8B). In addition, the main body part may be recovered and the remaining section may be constructed by a conventional burial method.

In this way, the submarine tunnel A is constructed.
In addition, the end portion of the tunnel A shall be constructed so as to end within the water area outside the water area of the main route (water area near the opposite shore). In addition, both sides and the top of the existing box 1 are completely backfilled.

[0027]

The present invention has the configuration described above,
In particular, start digging from the water area outside the water area of the main channel, proceed under the water area of the main channel toward the opposite shore, and in parallel with this, sunk the new box in the water area outside the water area of the main channel,
After transferring the existing box above the existing box under the waterway of the main route and installing it in front of the existing box at the front, multiple new boxes can be installed from the shore on the excavation start side to the shore on the opposite side. Since the submarine tunnels are sequentially installed to construct the submarine tunnel, the submarine tunnel can be constructed very efficiently without obstructing the traffic of ships in the main channel area.

By digging a very shallow part of the water bottom into a very limited space where the box can be buried,
The amount of excavated soil can be greatly reduced and the cost can be significantly reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of an undersea tunnel.

FIG. 2 is a side view of an excavator used when constructing an undersea tunnel.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the new box is transferred over the existing box.

5A and 5B are partial cross-sectional views of an excavator showing another example of excavating means.

6A to 6C are process drawings showing a method of constructing a submarine tunnel.

7 (a) and 7 (b) are process drawings showing a method for constructing a submarine tunnel.

8 (a) and 8 (b) are process drawings showing a method of constructing a submarine tunnel.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Box (Tunnel Box Element) 2 Backfill mortar or sand 3 excavator 4 face plates 5 propulsion jack 6 seabed 7 excavation wings 8 Sludge pump 9 Earth drill 10 concrete pump 11 winch 11a wire 12 lift 13 Guide rail 14 Guide groove 15 crane ships 16 Receiver lifting device 17 roller (or tire) 18 Center folding mechanism 19 Start retaining wall 20 Backside ground (ground improvement section) 21 dredger 22 Foundation pile 23 Foundation concrete

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Shinobu Takahashi 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Within Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Seiichiro Takizawa 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shigeki Honma 1-3-8 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. Tokyo Branch (72) Inventor Hideo Tanaka 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. within Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (56) References: Kaihei 5-96198 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 29/07

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A while excavation of the water bottom of the ground, in the construction method of the undersea tunnel to build undersea tunnel installed while joining together a plurality of box-body on the ground after excavation, more
The new box of is submerged in the water, the top of the existing box on top of the existing box
A construction method for a subsea tunnel characterized by constructing a continuous tunnel by sliding it to the front and installing it in front of the existing box at the top. 2. A plurality of boxes are provided at the upper end of the box.
There are guide grooves at the bottom of the rail and box,
It is characterized in that it is engaged with and can slide in the direction of excavation.
The method for constructing a subsea tunnel according to claim 1, 3. A submarine excavator used for constructing a subsea tunnel by excavating a submerged ground and installing a plurality of boxes on the submerged ground while joining them to each other. It forms a box-shape opening upper end portion and the tail portion so accommodated from above put out on the ground after excavation from the tail part, previously
An excavation means for excavating the bottom of the water at the end,
A propelling jack for advancing the new box at the upper end.
Pull and slide on the existing box to the top existing box.
Water that is equipped with each winch
Bottom excavator.