JP3182701B2 - Method and apparatus for blocking and eliminating smoke in passages - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for blocking / exhausting a passage for blocking / exhausting smoke generated in the event of a fire in an underground mall or the like. The present invention relates to a device in which smoke in the vicinity of a passage is drawn into a smoke outlet together with an airflow generated by being sucked into the smoke outlet to absorb and exhaust.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the event of a fire in a building or underground mall,
Those who are late escape are suffocated by smoke from the fire and endangered by poisoning with smoke containing toxic gases. As a smoke shielding method for preventing such damage, a smoke exhaust barrier such as a shielding wall is used. However, the blocking wall can only be activated after making sure that no one has escaped late, and even in an emergency, judgment must be carefully taken.

On the other hand, methods as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 are known as conventional techniques for solving these problems. Reference numeral 2 in the figure indicates a floor slab. Among them, the one shown in FIG. 3 is provided with a hanging wall 5 having a certain height on the ceiling 1 of the passage 4 to form a smoke-proof section, and temporarily stores and blocks the smoke 3. is there.

FIG. 4 shows a ceiling 1 of a passage 4.
An air supply port 6 and a smoke exhaust port 8 are provided in the apparatus, and an air flow generated by an air supply device (not shown) connected to the air supply port 6 is absorbed and exhausted from the smoke exhaust port 8. is there.

[0005] In addition, the one shown in FIG. 5 is provided on the floor surface of the passage 4 or the like with one elongated air supply port 6 whose longitudinal direction is arranged at right angles to the direction on the extension of the passage 4. An airflow generated by an air supply device (not shown) connected to the air supply port 6 is absorbed from a smoke exhaust port 8 provided on the ceiling 1, and the nearby smoke is absorbed and exhausted along with the air flow. That is.

[0006]

However, the conventional smoke control method as described above has the following problems. First, in the method shown in FIG. 3, the hanging wall 5 for forming the smoke prevention section merely temporarily stores and blocks the smoke 3, and when the capacity of the smoke prevention section is exceeded, the smoke 3 spreads. It is not a fundamental solution.

Further, in the method shown in FIG. 4, not only a sufficient smoke exhaust effect is not obtained, but also the direction of the airflow flowing from the air supply port 6 to the smoke exhaust port 8 is opposite to the traveling direction of the smoke 3. In some cases, it is possible that the smoke 3 is disturbed and conversely contributes to diffusion. Therefore, in this method, the area of the smoke prevention compartment must be reduced.

Further, in the method shown in FIG. 5, the air ejected from one air supply port 6 provided on the floor surface is in parallel as it is,
Since it does not flow toward the smoke outlet 8 provided on the ceiling 1 but spreads widely in the vicinity thereof, the smoke 3
Will spread. Therefore, the smoke 3 from the smoke outlet 8
As for the absorption of smoke, there is a drawback that only the smoke in the vicinity of the smoke exhaust port 8 can be sucked in, and the smoke cannot be effectively blocked and the smoke can not be exhausted.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and effectively blocks and eliminates smoke generated in a passage in the event of a fire or the like, and reduces the danger of trapping late escape. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for blocking and eliminating smoke in a passage to be avoided.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for blocking and exhausting smoke in a passage, comprising the steps of: providing a small passage provided in the middle of the passage orthogonally to the passage; The laminar air is caused to flow across the passage, and the flow of the air causes the smoke flowing through the passage to flow to the other end of the small passage when smoke is generated, and the smoke exhaust provided at the other end is provided. It absorbs and exhausts from the mouth.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for blocking and exhausting smoke in a passage, wherein a small passage orthogonal to the passage is provided in the middle of the passage, and one of the small passages faces both ends of the small passage. And a smoke exhaust port is provided on the other side, and air is layered from the air supply port to the smoke exhaust port.

[0012]

According to the present invention, air flows in a layered manner from the air supply port to the smoke exhaust port, so that the air flows across the passage. Therefore, the smoke generated in the passage is not diffused by the flow of the air, but is guided into the smoke outlet together with the laminar air flow, is efficiently absorbed and exhausted, and is not affected in the traveling direction of the smoke. Is cut off.

[0013]

1 and 2 show an embodiment of a device for blocking and smoking smoke in a passage according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view and FIG. 2 is a sectional view. . In addition,
In these figures, parts common to those shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 shown as conventional examples are denoted by the same reference numerals.
In this embodiment, a small passage 11 is provided in a direction orthogonal to the passage 4.
Is provided. Each of the abutting surfaces of the small passage 11 is provided with an air supply slit 6 and a smoke exhaust port 8 which are elongated in the horizontal direction and face each other. However, the smoke outlet 8 ...
Need not be as narrow as the air supply ports 6.
Also, the air supply slits 6 do not need to have a horizontally elongated shape, but may have a fine lattice shape, as long as the air flow of the supplied air does not become turbulent as a whole.

The lower ends of the plurality of air supply slits 6 pass through a duct space (not shown) by an air supply duct 7 and are connected to an air supply device (not shown) such as an air supply pump. Sometimes, air is blown out from the air supply slits 6 by the air supply device (not shown).

On the other hand, an exhaust device such as a smoke exhaust fan 9 is provided in the back of the smoke outlets 8. The smoke exhaust fan 9 mixes the air discharged from the air supply slits 6 with the smoke. And is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust duct 10 through a duct space (not shown) through an exhaust chimney (not shown) or the like.

Of course, the exhaust device is not limited to the smoke exhaust fan 9 provided at the back of the smoke outlets 8, but may be a large exhaust pump provided near the exhaust chimney at the end of the smoke exhaust duct 10. It may be configured to exhaust air.

Next, smoke blocking in the passage having the above-described structure
A method of intercepting and exhausting smoke using a smoke exhaust device will be described. That is, when the device is operated when smoke is generated in the passage in the event of a fire, air is ejected as a layered airflow from the air supply ports 6 provided on the end surface of the small passage 11. The spouted laminar air flows in a direction orthogonal to the direction along the passage 4, and the smoke outlets 8 ...
It is absorbed and exhausted. At this time, when the airflow flowing from the air supply ports 6 is released from the small passage 11 through the passage 4,
Alternatively, the turbulence 12 which is considered to be generated partially when flowing into the small passage 11 from the passage 4 has almost no influence on the smoke blocking effect as described later.

The smoke flowing along the passage 4 flows along the air flow 13 from the air supply port 6 to the smoke exhaust port 8 near the small passage 11 and is absorbed by the smoke exhaust port 8.・ Exhausted. At this time, the smoke that has not flowed along the airflow 13 flows in the direction opposite to the direction in which the smoke travels, and flows again in the direction in which the smoke travels due to the flow of the following smoke. Such a cycle is repeated, and in combination with the turbulence described above, some smoke eventually produces a steady stream 14.

Air flow 1 from air inlets 6 to smoke outlets 8
The effect of 3 is not limited to smoke absorption and exhaust. That is, the airflow 13 generates smoke flowing along the passage 4,
It also has a function of blocking the small passage 11 and stopping its progress. This smoke blocking effect can be changed by adjusting the flow of the airflow. Needless to say, the action of the air flow 13 does not depend on the traveling direction of the smoke.

Further, the method and the apparatus for blocking and exhausting smoke in a passage according to the present invention not only serve as an emergency smoke-preventing section as described above, but also reduce the capacity of the supply / exhaust equipment during normal times. It can also be used as an air conditioner, which is effective in that the equipment cost can be reduced.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention,
In the middle of the passage, a small passage orthogonal to the passage is provided, and an air supply port is provided on one side and a smoke exhaust port is provided on the other in a form facing both ends of the small passage, and from the air supply port to the smoke exhaust port The smoke is efficiently absorbed and exhausted regardless of the traveling direction of the smoke, because the laminar airflow that flows in leads to the smoke in the vicinity of the passage and is efficiently absorbed and exhausted. In addition, since smoke can be absorbed and exhausted, and smoke is blocked by airflow, it is possible to avoid the danger of trapping a person who has fallen behind during a disaster such as a fire.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a smoke exhaust section of an underground shopping mall using a small passage according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a smoke exhaust section of an underground shopping mall using a small passage according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic elevation view showing a conventional example.

FIG. 4 is a schematic elevation view showing another conventional example.

FIG. 5 is a schematic elevation view showing another conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 4 Passage 6 ... Air inlet 8 ... Smoke outlet 11 Small passage 13 Air flow

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kazuto Nakamura 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Corporation (56) References Fully open Showa 55-85200 (JP, U) Fully open 51-94155 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A62B 13/00 A62C 2/00 F24F 7/06

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A laminar air is caused to flow in a middle of a passage from one end of a small passage provided orthogonal to the passage to the other end thereof so as to cross the passage.
A method for intercepting and exhausting smoke in a passage, wherein smoke flowing in the passage is caused to flow to the other end of the small passage when smoke is generated, and is absorbed and exhausted from a smoke outlet provided on the other end. 2. A small passage orthogonal to the passage is provided in the middle of the passage, and an exhaust port is provided on one side and a smoke exhaust port is provided on the other side so as to face both ends of the small passage. A smoke blocking / smoke exhaust device in a passage, wherein air is flowed in layers from the mouth to the smoke exhaust port.