JP3177901B2 - Ground liquefaction test equipment - Google Patents
Ground liquefaction test equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP3177901B2 JP3177901B2 JP17458092A JP17458092A JP3177901B2 JP 3177901 B2 JP3177901 B2 JP 3177901B2 JP 17458092 A JP17458092 A JP 17458092A JP 17458092 A JP17458092 A JP 17458092A JP 3177901 B2 JP3177901 B2 JP 3177901B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- negative pressure
- drainage
- ground
- liquefaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、地盤から採取した土に
荷重を載荷して地盤の液状化強度を試験する液状化実験
装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquefaction test apparatus for testing the liquefaction strength of a ground by applying a load to soil collected from the ground.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、液状化実験装置は、地盤から採取
した土に荷重を繰り返し載荷することにより、地盤を液
状化させるものが一般的であった。前記液状化実験装置
にあっては、土に載荷する荷重の大きさや、液状化に至
るまでの載荷回数、荷重の繰り返し載荷の繰り返しの周
期等を記録して液状化対策を施すべき対象の地盤の液状
化条件を把握している。また、地盤の液状化に関しては
地盤の排水条件が重要であるが、前記従来の実験装置で
は、地盤の載荷した荷重に対する排水条件は、前記載荷
する荷重等の各記録から、数値解析で検討していた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a liquefaction experiment apparatus generally liquefies the ground by repeatedly applying a load to soil collected from the ground. In the liquefaction experimental device, the magnitude of the load applied to the soil, the number of times of loading until liquefaction, the repetition of the load, etc. Liquefaction conditions are known. In addition, regarding the liquefaction of the ground, the drainage conditions of the ground are important.However, in the conventional experimental apparatus, the drainage conditions for the load applied to the ground are examined by numerical analysis from each record of the load described above and the like. I was
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前記の
ような地盤の液状化実験装置の場合、地盤の液状化にお
いては排水条件が最も重要なファクターであることか
ら、荷重を載荷した際の実際の地盤の排水条件を把握す
ることができる液状化実験装置が望まれていた。特に、
液状化対策を施すべき対象地盤の上下に透水層がある場
合や、液状化対策としてグラベルドレーン等による排水
及びドレーンを設置して地震時に強制的な排水を行う場
合には、施工前に排水条件を考慮した室内要素実験を行
って液状化強度を調査することが望ましいから、そのた
めの装置が求められていた。However, in the case of the above-mentioned ground liquefaction experimental apparatus, the drainage condition is the most important factor in the liquefaction of the ground. A liquefaction experimental device that can grasp the drainage conditions of the ground has been desired. In particular,
If there is a permeable layer above and below the target ground where liquefaction measures should be taken, or if drainage by gravel drains or the like is installed as a measure against liquefaction and forced drainage is performed during an earthquake, drainage conditions must be met before construction. Therefore, it is desirable to investigate the liquefaction strength by performing an indoor element experiment in consideration of the above, and an apparatus for that purpose has been required.
【０００４】本発明は、前述の課題に鑑みてなされたも
ので、地盤の排水条件を実際に解析することにより、排
水条件を正確に把握して、地盤の液状化対策をより正確
に行うことができる地盤の液状化実験装置を提供するこ
とを目的とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to accurately grasp drainage conditions by actually analyzing the drainage conditions of the ground and to more accurately take measures for liquefaction of the ground. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ground liquefaction experimental device capable of performing the following.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の地盤の液状化実
験装置では、土に荷重を載荷する載荷装置と、負圧を発
生する負圧発生機構と、該負圧発生機構の負圧を作用さ
せることにより土から排出させた排水の量を測定する排
水量測定手段とを備え、載荷装置を試験すべき土の周囲
を気密なケースで覆いかつケースを介して土に荷重を載
荷可能な形態に構成し、前記ケースと負圧発生機構とを
接続して負圧発生機構の負圧を土に作用可能としたこと
を前記課題の解決手段とした。The ground liquefaction test apparatus of the present invention comprises a loading device for loading a soil, a negative pressure generating mechanism for generating a negative pressure, and a negative pressure of the negative pressure generating mechanism. A drainage amount measuring means for measuring the amount of drainage discharged from the soil by acting on the soil, the loading device being covered with an airtight case around the soil to be tested and capable of applying a load to the soil via the case. The present invention has been made to solve the above problem by connecting the case and the negative pressure generating mechanism so that the negative pressure of the negative pressure generating mechanism can act on the soil.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】本発明の地盤の液状化実験装置によれば、地盤
から採取した土に載荷装置で荷重を載荷しつつ負圧発生
装置で発生した負圧を土に作用させる。作用させた負圧
によって土から吸引した水量を排水量測定手段で測定す
る。載荷する荷重の大きさや、載荷方法等を変えること
で、地盤の諸条件を形成することができ、多様な条件下
における土の排水条件を把握することができる。According to the ground liquefaction experiment apparatus of the present invention, the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure generator is applied to the soil while the load is applied to the soil collected from the ground by the loading apparatus. The amount of water sucked from the soil by the applied negative pressure is measured by a drainage amount measuring means. By changing the magnitude of the load to be loaded and the loading method, various conditions of the ground can be formed, and drainage conditions of the soil under various conditions can be grasped.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】以下本発明の一実施例を、図１を参照して説
明する。図中符号１０は、本実施例の地盤の液状化実験
装置、２０は載荷装置、３０は負圧発生機構、４０は排
水量測定用シリンダ（排水量測定手段）、５０は土から
の排水の流速を減衰するクッション部、６０、６１、６
２は土の排水流路を開閉する第１、第２、第３のコッ
ク、７０は供試体の土である。液状化実験装置１０は、
載荷装置２０と負圧発生機構３０と排水量測定装置４０
とクッション部５０とをパイプ６３で連結して概略構成
されている。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In the drawing, reference numeral 10 denotes a ground liquefaction experiment device of the present embodiment, 20 denotes a loading device, 30 denotes a negative pressure generating mechanism, 40 denotes a cylinder for measuring the amount of drainage (discharge amount measuring means), and 50 denotes a flow rate of drainage from soil. Decay cushion part, 60, 61, 6
Reference numeral 2 denotes first, second, and third cocks for opening and closing the soil drainage passage, and reference numeral 70 denotes the soil of the specimen. The liquefaction experimental device 10
Loading device 20, negative pressure generating mechanism 30, and drainage amount measuring device 40
And the cushion part 50 are connected by a pipe 63 and schematically configured.
【０００８】載荷装置２０は、上部ペデスタル２１を往
復運動させて土７０に荷重を繰り返し載荷する載荷装置
２２と、上部ペデスタル２１に対向配置されて載荷装置
２２からの押圧力を支持する下部ペデスタル２３と、上
部ペデスタル２１と下部ペデスタル２３の間を連結する
ゴムスリーブ２４とで構成されている。下部ペデスタル
２３は、載荷装置２０の中央部に水平に配設されて土の
排水を導くパイプ６３が上面中央部に開口し、土からの
排水がこのパイプ６３に導かれる形態に形成されてい
る。ゴムスリーブ２４は、ゴム等で上部ペデスタル２１
の往復方向で伸縮自在に構成され、しかも内部の気密を
確保するものである。そして、載荷装置２０は、ゴムス
リーブ２４内に設置した土に前記負圧発生機構３０の負
圧を作用させた状態で荷重を繰り返し載荷することによ
り土から流出した排水を前記パイプ６３に集水して排出
する構成となっている。The loading device 20 reciprocates the upper pedestal 21 to load the soil 70 repeatedly, and the lower pedestal 23 disposed opposite to the upper pedestal 21 and supporting the pressing force from the loading device 22. And a rubber sleeve 24 that connects between the upper pedestal 21 and the lower pedestal 23. The lower pedestal 23 is formed such that a pipe 63 that is horizontally disposed at the center of the loading device 20 and guides the drainage of the soil is opened at the center of the upper surface, and the drainage from the soil is guided to the pipe 63. . The rubber sleeve 24 is made of rubber or the like.
In the reciprocating direction, and also to secure the airtightness of the inside. The loading device 20 collects the drainage flowing out of the soil into the pipe 63 by repeatedly loading the soil with the negative pressure of the negative pressure generating mechanism 30 applied to the soil installed in the rubber sleeve 24. And discharge it.
【０００９】負圧発生機構３０は、タンク３１と、この
タンク３１に接続したコンプレッサー３２とで構成され
ている。タンク３１は、槽状であって、土からの排水の
流路となるパイプ６３が接続されている。また、タンク
３１と前記パイプ６３の間には、パイプ６３を開閉する
第３のコック６２が介在されている。排水量測定装置４
０は、前記パイプ６３に介在された形態のシリンダであ
って、パイプ６３を介して負圧発生機構３０の負圧を作
用させた際に土７０から排出したのと等しい量の水が貯
溜される。クッション部５０は、内部に砂や土又はフィ
ルター等が充填された筒体であって、パイプ６３の中間
に介在されている。クッション部５０は、内部の充填物
や、自身の長さや断面積等を調整することによりパイプ
６３内を流れる水の流速を調整する構成となっている。
また、クッション部５０の長さ方向両端に接続されてい
るパイプ６３には、それぞれ、パイプ６３を開閉する第
１のコック６０、第２のコック６１が取り付けられてい
る。The negative pressure generating mechanism 30 comprises a tank 31 and a compressor 32 connected to the tank 31. The tank 31 has a tank shape, and is connected to a pipe 63 serving as a flow path for drainage from soil. Further, a third cock 62 for opening and closing the pipe 63 is interposed between the tank 31 and the pipe 63. Wastewater measurement device 4
Reference numeral 0 denotes a cylinder interposed in the pipe 63, in which the same amount of water as that discharged from the soil 70 when the negative pressure of the negative pressure generating mechanism 30 is applied via the pipe 63 is stored. You. The cushion portion 50 is a cylindrical body filled with sand, soil, a filter, or the like, and is interposed between pipes 63. The cushion portion 50 is configured to adjust the flow rate of the water flowing in the pipe 63 by adjusting the internal filling material, the length and the sectional area of the cushion portion 50, and the like.
Further, a first cock 60 and a second cock 61 for opening and closing the pipe 63 are attached to the pipes 63 connected to both ends in the length direction of the cushion portion 50, respectively.
【００１０】以下、本実施例の作用及び効果を説明す
る。前記液状化実験装置１０で土７０の液状化実験を行
うには、まず、目的の形態に形成したクッション部５０
を試験してその透水性や、水圧に対する内部を通過する
水流の速度の関係等を予め明確にしておく。次いで、前
記クッション部５０の試験が完了したら、図１に示す形
態に液状化実験装置１０を組み上げ、ゴムスリーブ２４
の内部に供試体である土７０をセットし、上部ペデスタ
ル２１と下部ペデスタル２３にゴムスリーブ２４とで囲
まれた内部を外部に対して気密に密閉する。組み上げの
完了した液状化実験装置１０は、ゴムスリーブ２４の内
部とクッション部５０及びパイプ６３には、土７０と等
しい水圧で水を充填する。また、前記充填すべき水は、
排水量測定装置４０において水面を排水量測定装置４０
の底部に位置させる。前記液状化実験装置１０のセット
が完了したら、第３のコック６２を閉塞した状態でコン
プレッサー３２を作動させてタンク３１内の圧力を１ｋ
ｇ／ｃｍ2程度とする。すなわち、試験すべき土７０に
はバックプレッシャー（内圧）を２ｋｇ／ｃｍ2程度加
えて試験するので、前記タンク３１内圧は、それより低
い圧力にするのである。そして、タンク３１内が目的の
圧力に達したら、載荷装置２２を作動させて土７０に荷
重を繰り返し載荷するとともに、第１のコック６０と第
２のコック６１を開放した状態で第３のコック６２を開
放し、土７０に前記バックプレッシャーに対する負圧を
作用させる。土７０から水が排水されれば、パイプ６３
及びクッション部５０内の水が負圧発生機構３０方向に
押し出されて、排水量測定装置４０内に排水量と等しい
量の水が浸入して、排水量測定装置４０内の充填水の水
面が上昇する。The operation and effect of this embodiment will be described below. In order to perform the liquefaction test of the soil 70 with the liquefaction test apparatus 10, first, the cushion portion 50 formed in the desired form is used.
Is tested in advance to clarify its water permeability and the relationship between the water pressure and the speed of the water flow passing through the inside. Next, when the test of the cushion portion 50 is completed, the liquefaction experimental device 10 is assembled in the form shown in FIG.
The soil 70 as a specimen is set inside the inside of the pedestal, and the inside surrounded by the rubber sleeve 24 in the upper pedestal 21 and the lower pedestal 23 is hermetically sealed from the outside. In the liquefaction experimental device 10 that has been assembled, the inside of the rubber sleeve 24, the cushion portion 50, and the pipe 63 are filled with water at the same water pressure as the soil 70. The water to be filled is
In the drainage amount measuring device 40, the water surface is measured by the drainage amount measuring device 40.
At the bottom of the When the setting of the liquefaction experimental apparatus 10 is completed, the compressor 32 is operated while the third cock 62 is closed to reduce the pressure in the tank 31 by 1 k.
g / cm 2 . That is, the soil 70 to be tested is subjected to a back pressure (internal pressure) of about 2 kg / cm 2 for testing, so that the internal pressure of the tank 31 is set to a lower pressure. Then, when the pressure in the tank 31 reaches the target pressure, the loading device 22 is operated to load the soil 70 repeatedly, and the third cock 61 is opened with the first cock 60 and the second cock 61 opened. 62 is released to apply a negative pressure to the back pressure on the soil 70. If water is drained from the soil 70, the pipe 63
And the water in the cushion part 50 is pushed out toward the negative pressure generating mechanism 30, and the same amount of water as the amount of drainage enters the drainage measuring device 40, and the level of the filling water in the drainage measuring device 40 rises.
【００１１】土７０に負圧を作用させた後、負圧が有効
に作用する時間を経過したら、排水量測定装置４０に浸
入した水が土７０方向に戻ることが考えられるが、第２
のコック６１を閉塞することにより戻りによる排水量測
定装置４０における水位の低下を防ぐこともでき、負圧
の作用時の瞬間の水位を保持することもできる。また、
第１のコック６０を閉塞した状態で載荷装置２２で土７
０に荷重を繰り返し載荷すれば、土７０からの排水を抑
制した状態を形成することができる。After the negative pressure is applied to the soil 70 and the time during which the negative pressure is effectively applied elapses, it is conceivable that the water that has entered the drainage amount measuring device 40 returns to the soil 70 direction.
By closing the cock 61, it is possible to prevent a drop in the water level in the drainage amount measuring device 40 due to the return, and it is possible to maintain the water level at the moment when the negative pressure is applied. Also,
With the first cock 60 closed, the loading device 22
If a load is repeatedly applied to zero, a state in which drainage from the soil 70 is suppressed can be formed.
【００１２】したがって、本実施例の地盤の液状化実験
装置によれば、作用させた負圧に対する土７０の排水量
を排水量測定装置４０への充填水の浸入量で正確に把握
することができるから、地盤の液状化強度を要素試験に
より直接求めることができる。また、第１のコック６０
や第２のコック６１の開閉により、地盤の排水に関する
種々の状況を作りだすことができる。Therefore, according to the experimental apparatus for liquefaction of the ground of the present embodiment, the amount of drainage of the soil 70 with respect to the applied negative pressure can be accurately grasped by the amount of inflow of the filling water into the drainage amount measuring device 40. In addition, the liquefaction strength of the ground can be directly obtained by an element test. Also, the first cock 60
By opening and closing the second cock 61, various situations relating to ground drainage can be created.
【００１３】なお、排水量測定装置４０は、土７０から
の排水量が把握できる構成であれば、他の形態であって
もよく、また、図１に示す以外の他の位置に設置しても
よい。The drainage amount measuring device 40 may have another configuration as long as the drainage amount from the soil 70 can be grasped, or may be installed at a position other than that shown in FIG. .
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の地盤の液
状化実験装置によれば、土に荷重を載荷する載荷装置
と、負圧を発生する負圧発生機構と、該負圧発生機構の
負圧を作用させることにより土から排出させた排水の量
を測定する排水量測定手段とを備え、載荷装置を試験す
べき土の周囲を気密なケースで覆いかつケースを介して
土に荷重を載荷可能な形態に構成し、前記ケースと負圧
発生機構とを接続して負圧発生機構の負圧を土に作用可
能としたことを特徴とするから、作用させた負圧に対す
る土の排水量を排水量測定手段で正確に把握することが
でき、地盤の液状化強度を要素試験により直接求めるこ
とができる上、地盤の排水に関する種々の状況を作りだ
すことができ、地盤の排水条件を正確かつ詳細に把握す
ることができる。As described above, according to the ground liquefaction test apparatus of the present invention, a loading apparatus for applying a load to soil, a negative pressure generating mechanism for generating a negative pressure, and the negative pressure generating mechanism Means for measuring the amount of wastewater discharged from the soil by applying a negative pressure to the load device.The loading device is covered with an airtight case around the soil to be tested, and a load is applied to the soil through the case. It is configured to be loadable, and the case and the negative pressure generating mechanism are connected to enable the negative pressure of the negative pressure generating mechanism to act on the soil. Can be accurately grasped by the drainage measurement means, the liquefaction strength of the ground can be directly obtained by the element test, and various conditions related to the drainage of the ground can be created. Can be grasped.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す全体図である。FIG. 1 is an overall view showing one embodiment of the present invention.
１０ 液状化実験装置 ２０ 載荷装置 ３０ 負圧発生装置 ４０ 排水量測定手段（排水量測定量シリンダ） ７０ 土 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Liquefaction experimental device 20 Loading device 30 Negative pressure generator 40 Discharge amount measuring means (discharge amount measurement cylinder) 70 Soil
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 佐藤 正義 東京都港区芝浦一丁目２番３号 清水建 設株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平２−95256（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−50636（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭58−22936（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−211442（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) G01N 3/00 - 3/62 E02D 1/04 E02D 33/00 G01N 33/24 ＥＰＡＴ（ＱＵＥＳＴＥＬ) ＪＩＣＳＴファイル（ＪＯＩＳ)──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masayoshi Sato 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Corporation (56) References JP-A-2-95256 (JP, A) JP-A Heisei 4-50636 (JP, A) JP-A-58-22936 (JP, A) JP-A-3-211442 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) G01N 3/00 -3/62 E02D 1/04 E02D 33/00 G01N 33/24 EPAT (QUESTEL) JICST file (JOIS)
Claims (1)
盤の液状化強度を試験する液状化実験装置であって、土
に荷重を載荷する載荷装置と、負圧を発生する負圧発生
機構と、該負圧発生機構の負圧を作用させることにより
土から排出させた排水の量を測定する排水量測定手段と
を備え、載荷装置を試験すべき土の周囲を気密なケース
で覆いかつケースを介して土に荷重を載荷可能な形態に
構成し、前記ケースと負圧発生機構とを接続して負圧発
生機構の負圧を土に作用可能としたことを特徴とする地
盤の液状化実験装置。1. A liquefaction experimental device for testing the liquefaction strength of a ground by applying a load to soil collected from the ground, comprising a loading device for applying a load to the soil, and a negative pressure generating a negative pressure. A mechanism and a drainage amount measuring means for measuring an amount of drainage discharged from the soil by applying a negative pressure of the negative pressure generating mechanism, covering the loading device with an airtight case around the soil to be tested, and A liquid that can be loaded on the soil through a case, and the case and the negative pressure generating mechanism are connected to enable the negative pressure of the negative pressure generating mechanism to act on the soil; Experimental equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17458092A JP3177901B2 (en) | 1992-07-01 | 1992-07-01 | Ground liquefaction test equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17458092A JP3177901B2 (en) | 1992-07-01 | 1992-07-01 | Ground liquefaction test equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0618393A JPH0618393A (en) | 1994-01-25 |
| JP3177901B2 true JP3177901B2 (en) | 2001-06-18 |
Family
ID=15981044
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17458092A Expired - Fee Related JP3177901B2 (en) | 1992-07-01 | 1992-07-01 | Ground liquefaction test equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3177901B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4545923B2 (en) * | 2000-12-27 | 2010-09-15 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Liquefaction test equipment |
| JP4845196B2 (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2011-12-28 | 応用地震計測株式会社 | Unit type liquefaction experiment equipment |
| KR100908314B1 (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-17 | 재단법인 에프아이티아이시험연구원 | A test equipment for plastic board drain |
| CN102607872B (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2015-07-08 | 重庆科技学院 | Indoor experimental device for simulating interaction of deep water drilling underwater casing string and seabed shallow soft soil |
| CN103235107B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2015-05-06 | 上海大学 | Pressure plate testing device capable of controlling suction force by negative pore water pressure |
| CN105971030B (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2018-05-18 | 长安大学 | A kind of long-term immersion dead load device for being suitable for hitting real test specimen |
| CN108152118B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江大学 | Pile-supported roadbed seepage erosion test device capable of adjusting water head |
| CN108532648A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-09-14 | 宁波大学 | The foundation model experimental rig and test method of vacuum pre-pressed joint heating |
| CN108824498A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-16 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | A kind of negative pressure tub basis self-pressing type anti-pulling capacity detection method |
| CN115407047A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-11-29 | 河海大学 | Experimental device and experimental method for indoor simulation of soil liquefaction |
-
1992
- 1992-07-01 JP JP17458092A patent/JP3177901B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0618393A (en) | 1994-01-25 |
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