JP3177432B2 - Polluted water purification method and polluted water purification device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for purifying polluted water and a polluted water purifying apparatus, and more particularly, to a method for purifying polluted water by aerobically treating polluted water and simultaneously separating and capturing suspended fine solids. And a polluted water purification device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various methods have been proposed and implemented as methods for purifying polluted water such as various wastewaters or river water contaminated with them. Conventional polluted water purification methods are:
(1) Physical and chemical treatment methods and (2) Biological treatment methods. Physical and chemical treatment methods include, for example,
There is a method of separating and removing suspended matters in the polluted water by precipitation, filtration, etc., a method of chemically treating pollutants in the polluted water using chemicals, and a method of coagulating / precipitating and separating and removing them. . As the biological treatment method, for example, using a biofilm or activated sludge, aerobically treating to precipitate and separate and remove in floc form, or anaerobic treatment to digest (liquefy)
There is a method to do. Biological treatment uses the decomposing action of microorganisms in the natural world and has a mild reaction, does not use chemical agents and does not cause various adverse effects due to chemicals. It has been adopted and various developments are active. In the method using activated sludge, various methods have been proposed and implemented mainly on two processes of aeration and sedimentation separation. In the method of forming a biofilm on a carrier, various carriers have been proposed. For example, JP-A-63-310696 discloses a central hollow spherical carrier that simultaneously forms an aerobic state and an anaerobic state. Proposed. Furthermore, an anaerobic treatment in which an aerobic and anaerobic state is formed using a honeycomb-shaped hollow cylindrical body having a high surface area has also been proposed.

[0003] However, the conventional biological treatment of polluted water is at least 5 times in all steps of the purification treatment.
Generally, it takes a long time of up to 11 hours. For example, the activated sludge method and the aerobic treatment using a biofilm formed on the surface of a carrier require a sedimentation basin in the previous stage, perform a prescribed settling treatment, and then require a residence time of several hours or more in the aerobic purification zone. The predetermined environmental standard value can be satisfied only by performing the processing. In the activated sludge method, there is a method of performing treatment by aeration for about 2 hours, but there is a possibility that inconvenience such as a decrease in a BOD removal rate may occur. Further, in the proposed anaerobic purification treatment method using a hollow carrier, the hole diameter provided for communication between the hollow interior and the outside is 0.05 to 1 m.
In m, inflow and outflow of the polluted water into the hollow interior is not easy, anaerobic treatment with carrier interior space also requires a longer period of time, not efficient.

[0004] As a method of biological treatment of polluted water, a so-called gravel contact oxidation method for purifying river water using a riverbed has been proposed and implemented in recent years to purify polluted river water. This inter-gravel contact oxidation method forms a gravel layer by effectively utilizing gravel such as gravel from a river, and processes and distributes river water through the gravel layer. BOD (biochemical oxygen demand),
SS (suspended fine solids) is greatly reduced, and is attracting attention as a method for purifying polluted water such as polluted river water. The inventor has
The purification technology of the intergranular contact oxidation method was put into practical use as a general water treatment device instead of a large facility using a vast riverbed, and a serious study was conducted on a treatment method that can efficiently purify polluted water. As a result, a separation material that forms a purification treatment system completely different from the conventional treatment of polluted water was developed, and a separation material and treatment of polluted water using the separation material were previously proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-221110. . Further, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-343990, a suitable separation method is used in consideration of the behavior of suspended fine solids in polluted water as a flowing fluid, and the separation phenomenon of separating and removing fine solids in a form that effectively utilizes fluid energy. A separation method and a separation material were proposed.

[0005]

The separation member and the separation method proposed by the inventor described above perform aerobic treatment on the surface of polluted water, and efficiently capture SS in the separation member in a relatively short time. At the same time, the captured organic SS can be subjected to anaerobic treatment in the internal voids and solubilized in a liquid state, so that polluted water can be purified in a short time and in a single step. is there. This method has been mainly was made for the purpose of SS removal, since the surface area of Ryuri member is contacted oxidation by Ri拡 size between gravel mentioned above, improved aerobic treatment with Ryuri member surface It was confirmed that the BOD removal rate was also effectively improved by performing the method.
However, it is applicable to any polluted water, it can not be said to be sufficient in terms of what may correspond to demands. In particular, those which can purify polluted water containing a large amount of BOD at a predetermined BOD removal rate in a short time include:
It was not satisfactory enough. Therefore, the inventor reconsidered the purification method of the polluted water by the method proposed above and the purification method of the polluted water by various conventional methods, and was able to purify the polluted water in a short time, and to reduce the BOD and SS of any polluted water. Further studies were conducted with the aim of establishing a purification treatment method that can reduce both at a high removal rate. As a result, it has been found that BOD and SS can be effectively removed by circulating any polluted water with a short residence time by using a predetermined purification member and diffusing air in the purification area at predetermined intervals. completed.

[0006]

According to the present invention, a purifying zone for purifying and polluting polluted water is provided.
Formed between the join the club and the outlet portion, to the purifying zone, each of said openings having a plurality of communication paths communicating with each other plurality has and inside an opening of corresponding diameter 1~5cm the surface There was filled with massive purifying member comprising in succession to one of at least said communication path, said
At the above-mentioned inflow section, the purification area filled with
The flowing polluted water is circulated to bring the polluted water into contact with the massive purifying material , and at the same time, the oxygen-containing gas is raised as fine bubbles at predetermined intervals from the bottom of the purifying area, whereby the polluted water flow is raised. substantially orthogonal to the oxygen-containing gas fine bubbles so as to contact
And placed in a non-aerated area without fine bubbles of oxygen-containing gas.
SS in polluted water captured and accumulated in bulk purification material
(Floating fine solids) with fine bubbles of oxygen-containing gas
It is captured and accumulated by the bulk purification material located in the diffusion area.
So that it stays inside the bulk purification material for a longer time than the SS
A method for purifying polluted water is provided. In the polluted water purifying method of the present invention, it is preferable that the residence time of the polluted water of purification of area is 10 to 120 minutes, further, the range predetermined intervals to increase the oxygen-containing gas as fine bubbles of 5~100cm it is preferable to, the turbidity of the treated polluted water, used vary within the scope of these
It is possible to use.

According to the present invention, the purified water treated in the above-mentioned method for treating polluted water is further passed through a non-diffusive purification region similarly filled with the same bulk purification material as above to be treated. A method for purifying polluted water is provided. In this case, it is preferable that the non-diffusive purifying area is formed at a stage subsequent to the outflow portion in the purifying area.

[0008] Also, according to the present invention, a lidded or no lid, a polluted water treatment apparatus of a predetermined volume that have a peripheral wall, inlet of polluted water, outflow of the treated water, flow join the club and the outflow A rectifying member disposed in each of the sections, and a purification zone disposed between the inflow section and the outflow section. Are disposed at a predetermined interval, and have an equivalent diameter of 1 to 5 on the surface.
a plurality of communication paths communicating with each other plurality has and inside the openings of cm, Ri each the open hole portion is Na filled with massive purifying member comprising in succession to one of at least said communication passage , Including oxygen
Lumps located in non-aerated areas without gaseous microbubbles
SS (floating) in polluted water that is captured and accumulated inside
Fine solids) is an aeration zone with fine bubbles of oxygen-containing gas.
Captured and accumulated inside the bulk purification material located in the area
Structured so that it stays longer inside the bulk purification material than SS
Polluted water purifying apparatus is provided, characterized in that the. In the polluted water purifying apparatus of the present invention, the massive purifying member is is preferably made of formed substantially spherical equivalent diameter of about 7~15cm by joining wearing small aggregate, The predetermined distance Is preferably 5 to 100 cm.

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned polluted water purifying apparatus is used.
In addition , the polluted water is introduced from the inflow section to circulate through the purification area, and the oxygen-containing gas is diffused from the diffuser pipe at the upstream part of the purification area on the inlet side, and diffused from the diffuser pipe at the rear part on the outflow side. Provided is a method for purifying polluted water, which is characterized by performing purification treatment without concern. In this case, it is preferable that the front part and the rear part divide the purification zone into 1: 1 to 5: 1.

Further, according to the present invention, there are provided first and second purifiers formed in the same manner as the above-mentioned contaminated water purifier, wherein the outflow part of the first purifier and the second purifier are provided. A polluted water purification device is provided, which is in communication with an inflow portion.

Further, according to the present invention, the first and second purification devices are used for a polluted water purification device ,
In the purification device of the present invention, the polluted water is introduced from the inflow section to circulate through the purification area, and at the same time, the oxygen-containing gas is diffused from the air diffuser to purify the polluted water. A method for purifying polluted water, wherein the method is introduced into a purifier and further purifies the purified water from the first polluted water purifier without diffusing from an air diffuser in a second purifier. Is done. The equivalent diameter of the opening in the present invention is the longest part of a straight line connecting any two points of the perimeter of the opened space, and the equivalent diameter of the bulk purification material is
It refers to the diameter of a sphere having a volume approximately equal to the volume of the mass.

The method for purifying polluted water according to the present invention is constituted as described above, and the purifying zone for purifying and treating polluted water includes
A predetermined mass purification material is filled, and the mass purification material is used as a biofilm for aerobic treatment on the surface (1) in the direction of the opening on the surface (2) during the flow of polluted water. SS
As a resistor for forming a flow velocity difference (velocity gradient) for separating and capturing from the polluted water into the opening of the polluted water, and (3) anaerobic treatment by retaining SS trapped in the opening in the opening. Function as an anaerobic treatment area for
It can effectively act on inorganic and organic fine solids and dissolved pollutants floating in the polluted water to purify the polluted water. That is, in the present invention, a biofilm is formed on the surface of the bulk purification material, while oxygen-containing gas (hereinafter simply referred to as “oxygen gas”) such as air of microbubbles flows into the polluted water flow from the bottom at predetermined intervals. It is diffused and rises at right angles.
Therefore, the polluted water and oxygen gas flowing through the purification zone are sufficiently contacted and mixed, and at the same time, a turbulent flow zone is formed in the polluted water flow. Therefore, the generation of a boundary layer such as a boundary film is suppressed around the purification material filled and disposed in the diffusion area where oxygen gas is diffused from the bottom of the purification area, and a sufficient amount of oxygen gas is supplied without interruption. Therefore, the aerobic treatment proceeds quickly and efficiently, and the soluble pollutant BOD dissolved in the polluted water
Is easily aerobic treated and reduced.

[0013] In addition, when viewed from a microscopic point of view, the bulk purifying material is
It is a resistor in the polluted water flow area, reduces the flow velocity near the purification material, and generates a flow velocity difference (velocity gradient) in the polluted water flow around the purification material, and at the same time, a laminar flow area is formed. As described above, the laminar flow region is formed in the oxygen gas non-diffusing region, while the oxygen gas is easily diffused in the diffusion region where the oxygen gas is diffused.
For this reason, in the non-aeration area of the purification area, the fine solids (SS) floating in the polluted water move by being given rotational energy by the generated flow velocity difference (velocity gradient), and move around the mass purification material having a low flow velocity. Reaches the laminar basin. In the above oxygen gas diffusion zone, some of the SS is adsorbed on the biofilm on the surface of the massive purification material and is treated aerobically, but most of the SS is adjoined by random flow in the turbulent flow area. It is ejected in the direction of the aeration zone, and finally reaches the laminar flow area around the bulk purification material in the non-aeration zone. Further, the SS that has flowed off to the laminar flow region around the bulk purification material is captured by the opening on the surface thereof, and is accumulated in an internal communication path that is continuous with the opening.
Since there is almost no flow in the communication path of the bulk purification material and the stagnation area, the SS remains as it is, is subjected to anaerobic treatment, and is solubilized in liquid. After being solubilized in liquid form, it flows downward in the communication channel due to its own weight, reaches another opening below the communication channel, flows out into the polluted water, dissolves, and finally diffuses air. The surface of the purification material in the area is aerobicly treated and purified and removed.

Further, in the purification treatment of polluted water of the present invention, efficient purification is performed because the soluble BOD and the suspended SS in the polluted water are provided and treated in the same purification zone by providing different treatment zones suitable for different purification. Done. That is, for the soluble BOD, oxygen gas is supplied on the surface of the massive purification material so that the aerobic treatment is quickly performed. On the other hand, for the SS,
Anaerobic treatment is performed by trapping at the opening of the massive purifying material and, after the trapping, retaining in the communication path inside the massive purifying material. Since the anaerobic treatment of the SS can be performed almost independently of the retention time of the polluted water flowing through the purification area, the retention time of the polluted water in the purification area is significantly reduced.
Therefore, since the residence time can be shortened, the processing apparatus can be made compact, and the polluted water can be purified much more efficiently than in the past. For example, the residence time of the conventional purification treatment is about 60 to 80 minutes in the contact oxidation treatment between gravels, requiring a long distance of about 20 m in the purification area, and about 3 to 10 hours on average in the activated sludge method. It takes a long time. On the other hand, the polluted water purification treatment of the present invention can perform a sufficient purification treatment that satisfies various predetermined outflow standards in about 10 to 120 minutes at a circulation distance of about 5 to 10 m. The shortening of the residence time in the polluted water purification treatment of the present invention is due to the fact that the conventional polluted water treatment treats both SS and soluble BOD at the same level,
In the present invention, the purifying material that functions as an aerobic treatment area for the BOD provides a space that simultaneously functions as an anaerobic treatment area for the SS, and provides a diffused area and a non-aerated area within the purified area. Form conditions were found and set so that aerobic treatment in the aerobic treatment area was quickly and efficiently performed, and SS was easily accumulated in the anaerobic treatment area, and sufficient residence time for anaerobic treatment was obtained. It is because of that.

In the treatment of polluted water of the present invention, the polluted water is purified by the above-mentioned action mechanism, and the applicable polluted water is not particularly limited, and BOD, SS, ammonia component, moldy odor substance, etc. Can be treated at any concentration. For example, B
General polluted water containing water contaminants such as OD 20 to 30 mg / L, SS 20 mg / L or more, ammonia component 1 mg / L or more, musty odor substance, and B
OD is 30mg / l or more, usually about 50-150m
g / l of urban drainage, especially BOD 200-100
It is possible to effectively purify polluted water such as effluent processed wastewater of 0 mg / liter, which is remarkably polluted, in a shorter time than conventional purification treatment, and is suitable for purification treatment of polluted water in general. The SS in the present invention is a suspended fine solid as described above, and refers to a residue on a filter paper when filtered with a filter paper passing through a diameter of 1 μm according to JIS. According to the present invention, it is possible to suitably purify polluted water containing about 60% by weight or more of organic matter in the SS.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. However,
The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. FIG. 1 is an explanatory sectional view of a purification device filled with a block purification material according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a block purification material filled in the device of FIG. In FIG. 1, a polluted water purifying apparatus 10 is an open-topped rectangular processing tank having at least a pair of an inflow water channel 11 and a discharge water channel 12 opposed to a predetermined outer peripheral portion, and a space purification area S in an intermediate portion thereof. Are arranged. The size of the purification area S is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected in accordance with processing conditions such as an amount of polluted water to be purified to be introduced and environmental conditions such as a site where a purification device is installed. For example, in the case of a small apparatus, the width is about 1 to 2 m, the length is about 1 to 10 m, and the depth is about 1 to 2 m. Arbitrarily selected according to the distribution length of about 3-10
m and a depth of about 2 to 5 m. If necessary, a plurality of small devices can be connected in parallel or in series. The shape and size of the polluted water purification device are arbitrary, and are usually formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. This is because the production is simple. Moreover, in FIG. 1, although it is a processing tank without a lid,
A lid can be placed on the top to make it a lid. In the case of a large-scale purification facility, a plurality of treatment tanks may be connected and installed as described above. Further, after forming a purification area by filling and arranging a purification material in a space as described below, the upper part thereof is formed. It can also be used for various facilities after laying earth on the ground.

The inflow water channel 11 is for introducing the polluted water to be purified into the purification device.
Numeral 2 is for collecting purified water after purification and flowing out to rivers and the like. A plurality of air diffusers 13 are provided at predetermined intervals at a lower portion of the purification zone S disposed between the inflow water channel 11 and the discharge water channel 12, usually at the bottom of the treatment tank.
The processing tank is disposed over the entire width in the width direction of the treatment tank so as to be substantially orthogonal to the direction in which the polluted water flows. As a result, the substantially entire purification area S is alternately divided into an oxygen gas diffusion area A (shaded area in the drawing) and a non-diffusion area AN. In the air diffusion area, fine bubbles of oxygen gas for aeration rise from the air diffuser 13 so as to cross the flow of the polluted water, and the polluted water sufficiently contacts the oxygen gas. On the other hand, in the non-diffusing area AN, it is preferable that the oxygen gas fine bubbles do not rise. In the drawings, for convenience of explanation, a boundary line is shown between the aeration area A and the non-aeration area AN. However, the boundary is not clear, and a zone where air is diffused and a zone where air is not diffused. Is formed. Also, in FIG. 1, for convenience, in the middle part of the purification zone S, the divisions of the A zone and the AN zone are not shown. In the purification area S as described above, the purification treatment is performed by dividing the air into the air diffusion area A and the non-aeration area AN without supplying oxygen gas to the entire purification area S without improving the purification efficiency of the polluted water. On the contrary, it is based on what the inventor has found to decrease. That is, generally, in order to efficiently perform the aerobic treatment efficiently and quickly, it is necessary to supply a sufficient amount of oxygen. Further, the inside of the massive purification material used in the present invention has a trapped SS without the flow of polluted water. It can be guessed that the anaerobic treatment can be performed irrespective of the outside.
Therefore, in order to improve the BOD removal rate using the purifying material of the present invention, it is usual to supply oxygen gas to the entire purification region S, whereas to supply oxygen gas to the entire region. It has been found for the first time by the inventor that by arranging the air diffusers 13 at predetermined intervals, both the BOD and SS removal rates can be synergistically improved.

As described above, in order to divide the purifying zone S into the diffused zone A and the non-diffused zone AN to enhance the purification efficiency, the interval between the diffuser tubes 13 provided at the bottom of the processing tank is about 5 to 5. 100c
m is preferable. The arrangement interval of the diffuser tubes 13 differs depending on the degree of turbidity of the polluted water to be treated, and can be appropriately selected within the range of the interval according to the BOD and the SS concentration of the contaminated water. Usually, if the BOD is polluted water up to about 200 mg / liter, it can be purified at high efficiency with a removal rate of BOD and SS of 85% or more by arranging it at intervals of about 50 cm. If the interval between the air diffusers 13 is less than 5 cm, the SS removal rate decreases, which is not preferable.
On the other hand, if the interval exceeds 100 cm, the BOD removal rate is not sufficient, and if the removal rate is to be increased, the residence time is undesirably 2-3 hours or 3 hours or more. The arrangement of the diffuser tubes 13 is, for example, previously arranged at an interval of about 5 cm at the bottom of the treatment tank, and the number of diffuser tubes for supplying oxygen gas and the number of diffuser tubes according to the BOD and SS concentration of the contaminated water to be treated are determined. The position can be appropriately selected to diffuse air to the purification region S. in this case,
The supply of oxygen gas to each diffuser 13 can be performed using a known control means such as disposing an on-off valve in a pipe or the like.
Further, the shape, material, and the like of the air diffuser 13 are not particularly limited, and the air diffuser 13 can be formed using various known air diffusers.
Usually, a perforated hole can be provided at intervals of about 0.5 to 3 cm on the entire circumferential surface or the upper half circumferential surface of a polyvinyl chloride pipe having a diameter of about 5 cm.

In the polluted water purifying apparatus 10 of the present invention, an inflow water straightening wall 14 and a discharged water straightening wall 15 are respectively provided on the side of the purification area of the inflow water channel 11 and the discharge water channel 12 arranged on the outer periphery of the purification area S. Deploy. The rectifying walls 14 and 1
5 may be formed to have a resistance portion with a wire mesh, a concrete block, or the like. Until the polluted water passes through the inflow water rectification wall 14 and flows out through the discharge water rectification wall 15, it flows in the purification area S so as to move substantially in parallel with the piston flow, so that purification efficiency is improved. Can be.
In addition, the purification area S of the polluted water purification apparatus 10 has
Is filled. The filling rate of the bulk cleaning material 1 is 50 to 70%,
That is, the porosity between the bulk cleaning materials 1 in the cleaning area S is 30.
Fill to 50%. The mass purification material 1 is the same as that described in the above-mentioned JP-A-6-343990, and as shown in FIG. 2, aggregates 2 having an equivalent diameter of several centimeters are collected, and the contact points of the aggregates are determined. good is possible to use those formed in substantially spherical massive body of considerable diameter 7~15cm joined by bonding agent such as cement or epoxy <br/> adhesive
Good . In this case, the equivalent diameter of the bulk cleaning material 1 refers to the diameter of a sphere having a volume substantially equal to the volume of the bulk as described above. The mass purification material 1 formed as described above is obtained by assembling and joining the aggregates 2 in a substantially spherical shape. The actual surface has an infinite number of irregularities and a large surface area. Increase. In addition, at the same time, in particular,
In this case, turbulence is likely to be formed, the contact between the diffused oxygen gas and the polluted water increases, aerobic treatment is performed quickly and efficiently, and the SS often moves toward the non-diffused area. Become.

Lump purifying material 1 formed as described above
In, the gap formed between the joined aggregates 2 is
The size varies depending on the size of the aggregate, and the size of the aggregate can be appropriately selected to obtain a predetermined gap. Usually, if the aggregate is of the order of centimeters, a gap of about 1 to 3 cm is formed, and the surface portion of the gap constitutes the opening 3 of the present invention. The internal gap forms a plurality of communication paths and communicates with each other inside the massive purifying material 1 and penetrates through the massive purifying material 1 continuously with the openings 3, 3,... ing. The shape of the opening 3 varies depending on the surface and shape of the aggregate used and is indefinite, and is not particularly specified. As described above, the equivalent diameter of the opening refers to the longest portion of a straight line connecting any two points of the periphery of the opening space formed,
In the present invention, it is formed so as to be about 1 to 5 cm by selecting an aggregate and a joint. If the equivalent diameter of the opening 3 exceeds 5 cm, a flow also occurs in the communication path that is continuous with the opening 3, and the SS cannot be trapped inside the stagnation state to be in a stagnant state. On the other hand, after being caught in the opening, the SS stays in the communication path inside the opening, is decomposed and liquefied in an anaerobic state, and then passes from the bulk purification material 1 through the opening 3 below the lower part, which communicates with its own weight. However, if the opening 3 has a small diameter of less than 1 cm, the decomposed liquid cannot flow out of the bulk purification material, which is not preferable.

The polluted water purifying apparatus 10 of the present invention is formed as described above, Ru was evenly distributed purifying zone in S the polluted water from the inflow water channel 11 through to incoming water rectifying wall 14 to the discharge water rectifying wall 15 By doing so, it can be purified. As described above, the SS in the polluted water flowing through the purification area S is captured in the bulk purification material 1, accumulated, stays and is subjected to anaerobic treatment, and other soluble pollutants in the polluted water, for example, dissolved BOD substances, Ammonia components, anionic surfactants, moldy odor substances and the like are subjected to aerobic treatment such as nitrification, insolubilization and decomposition by a biofilm formed on the outer surface of each purification material. In the purification zone S of the polluted water purification device 10 of the present invention, the polluted water introduced from the inflow portion 11 flows in a substantially horizontal direction as indicated by the arrow in the figure, and the aeration oxygen discharged from the air diffuser 13. The gas rises almost perpendicularly to the flow direction of the polluted water as fine bubbles, so that the polluted water and the oxygen gas always form a diffused area A where the gas comes into efficient contact over a wide area at all times. In this aeration area A, the efficiency of dissolving oxygen in the polluted water increases, and the amount of dissolved oxygen in the polluted water increases,
At the same time, on the surface of the mass purification material 1, the polluted water stream and the aerated oxygen gas come into contact at the same time, the formation of a boundary layer such as a boundary film is suppressed, and the microbial film formed on the surface of each purification material 1 and the high dissolved oxygen content Sufficient contact with polluted water promotes aerobic biological treatment, and removes BOD, ammonia components, and moldy odor substances at a high rate.

In the purification method of the present invention, as described above, in the air diffusion zone A of the purification zone S, the SS is also trapped and accumulated inside the massive purification material 1, but mainly in the peripheral surface area of the purification material 1. Sufficient dissolved oxygen is supplied to the biofilm formed on the surface of the massive purification material 1 with the formation of the boundary film suppressed, and the aerobic treatment can be performed efficiently and quickly. On the other hand, in the non-aeration area AN, SS is mainly efficiently captured, accumulated, and retained inside the massive purification material 1, and the anaerobic treatment of SS is performed independently of the residence time of the polluted water purification device. It is performed with sufficient residence time. Therefore, the purification zone S of the present invention has countless aerobic and anaerobic fields, removes SS, performs anaerobic treatment, and dissolves BO.
Aerobic treatment of D, ammonia components, mold odor and the like is performed quickly and with high efficiency, and the purification of polluted water can be performed at a flow rate several tens to 50 times that of the conventional method. For example, generally, polluted water mainly composed of soluble BOD has a short residence time of about 10 minutes, and is a polluted water containing a large amount of organic contaminants having a BOD of about 300 mg / liter or more. Can be purified in about 1.5 hours. Further, since the flow rate of the polluted water can be increased, the contact between the substantially horizontal polluted water and the fine bubbles in the ascending flow is synergistically expanded, and the purification rate is further increased. The amount of oxygen gas flowing from the air diffuser 13 can be appropriately selected depending on the degree of contamination of the polluted water, the flow rate of the polluted water, and the like. Usually, about 2 to 1 of the amount of polluted water
5 times.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the purifying tank 10 is filled with the same bulk purifying material 1 as described above, and diffuser tubes 13 are arranged at predetermined intervals to form diffuser sections A and non-diffuse sections AN alternately. The treated polluted water purified in the septic tank 10 is further introduced into the septic tank 20 via the communication passage. The septic tank 20 is the septic tank 1
A perforated pipe similar to the air diffuser pipe 13 is similarly disposed over the entire width of the septic tank, but does not diffuse during the purification process, and the entire purification area of the septic tank is configured as a non-aerated area AN. The diffuser pipe 23 is provided for treating the sludge in the septic tank 20.
The interval may be the same as that of the septic tank 10, but is usually about 50
１００100 cm. As shown in FIG. 3, a purification method for treating polluted water by serially connecting a purification tank 10 having an aeration area of the type shown in FIG. 1 and a purification tank 20 having only a non-aeration area in series is, for example, a purification method. The quality of the effluent after treatment is S
It can be used particularly preferably when the emission standard requires that S be 30 ppm or less, or more strictly 10 ppm or less. In the purification apparatus that forms the aeration area of the type shown in FIG. 1, the SS in the effluent water after the purification treatment is generally 10 to 10, although it varies depending on the quality of the inflowing polluted water, particularly the amount of contained SS. This is because it is difficult to reduce the content to 30 ppm or less. That is, by treating and treating the treated water containing 30 ppm or more of SS obtained by the treatment of only the septic tank 10 through the septic tank 20, SS can be selectively removed in the purification region in a non-diffused state, and the SS concentration is 30 ppm or less. This is because it can be reduced to 10 ppm or less if necessary.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. 4, in the same treatment tank having the inflow water channel 11, the discharge water channel 12, the inflow water straightening wall 14, and the discharge water straightening wall 15 as in FIG. A diffused area 10 'and a non-diffused area 20' are continuously formed in a space formed between the two. Both the diffused region 10 'and the non-diffused region 20' are filled with the above-described bulk purifying material 1, and diffuser tubes 13 and 23 are arranged at predetermined intervals. Aeration area 1
At 0 ', a diffused area A and a non-diffused area AN are alternately formed as in the purification area S of the purification apparatus 10 in FIG.
In the non-aeration region 20 ', the air diffusion tube 23 is formed in the same manner as the septic tank 20 in FIG. The same applies to the case where the diffuser tube 23 is used for the muddy exhaust treatment in the non-diffused region. In the septic tank 30 of FIG. 4, the separate septic tanks 10 and 20 shown in FIG. 3 are connected by a communication path, but the air diffusion region 10 ′ and the non-aeration area 20 ′ are continuous without passing through the communication path. The same is true except that the contaminated water directly connected and treated in the diffused area directly flows to the non-diffused area 20 ′.
It can be used suitably when the emission standard of S concentration is strict. In this method, a single treatment tank is used, and a space is formed by similarly arranging diffuser tubes 13 or 23 at a predetermined interval and filling the purifying material 1 to supply oxygen gas to the diffuser tubes. Since it is only necessary to appropriately select according to the classification ratio of 10 ′ and 20 ′, the construction is simple and the construction cost can be reduced, which is extremely practical. In this case, the division ratio between the diffused region 10 'and the non-diffused region 20' is determined by the SS content and the B
It can be appropriately selected according to the turbidity of the amount of soluble pollutants such as OD, the volume of the treatment tank, the inflow amount of the polluted water, the purification zone residence time, etc. Usually, it is preferable to set the ratio to 1: 1 to 5: 1. If the ratio of the diffused area is less than 1, SS
And water-soluble pollutants such as BOD cannot be efficiently removed to purify polluted water. On the other hand, if the ratio of the diffusion region exceeds 5, the SS residual concentration cannot be reduced to less than 30 ppm. If the SS concentration standard is loose,
With the division ratio of the non-diffused region set to zero, it can be used in the same manner as in FIG.

[0025]

EXAMPLE 1 First, a mass-like purifying material 1 similar to that shown in FIG. 2 was used as an aggregate 2 by using rubble having a diameter of about 2 to 3 cm. Approximately 10 cm in diameter, and a substantially spherical massive purifying material 1 was produced. A large number of apertures 3 having an equivalent diameter of approximately 1 to 5 cm were formed on the surface of the massive cleaning material 1. Then, width 1.0m, length 6.8m, height 1.2m
A diffuser 1 at the bottom with a spacing of about 50 cm
11 are disposed, and the lump purifying material 1 prepared above is filled at an upper portion thereof with a porosity of 40%.
0 was produced. The purification area filled with the bulk purification material 1 was 5 m, and the actual purification area capacity was 5.50 m ³ . In the purification device 10 produced above, the average SS 85.1 mg /
Liter (variation 42.5 to 151.2 mg / liter), average BOD 127.3 mg / liter (variation 6
4.2-203.7 mg / l), E. coli 119,
200 pieces / milliliter of polluted water to be treated, residence time 1
A flow rate of 2.2 m ³ / hour was passed per hour (because there is substantially no flow of polluted water in the gap of the communication path inside the massive purification material 1), and the purification treatment was continuously performed. In the purification process, air for aeration was always jetted from the air diffuser 13. The aeration amount was 22 Nm ³ / hour, which was 10 times the flow rate of the polluted water. After performing the continuous purification treatment for 5 months, continuous inspection was performed on the effluent from the continuous purification treatment for about 24 hours. As a result, the effluent was 244.5 mg / liter (removal rate 71.2%), BOD 28.1 mg / liter (removal rate 78.0%), and 17,000 Escherichia coli / ml (removal rate) on average over 24 hours. 86.0%).

Example 2 Purification was performed in the same manner as in FIG. That is, except that the septic tank 20 was disposed at the bottom of the septic tank 20 at intervals of 50 cm at the bottom of the septic tank 10 of Example 1, a purification area was formed in exactly the same manner as the septic tank 10 and connected by piping. . An average SS of 110.4 mg / liter (fluctuations of 39.2 to 21
1.7 mg / liter), average BOD 347.7 mg /
Liter (variation 137.9 to 1090.4 mg / liter) and 131,700 E. coli / milliliter of the polluted water to be treated were flowed through the purification apparatus 10 and the purification tank 20 continuously at a flow rate of 2.2 m with a residence time of 1.5 hours. ³ / hour was passed and purification treatment was continuously performed. In the purification process, the air diffuser 13
More aeration air was spouted. Aeration air volume is 1 of polluted water flow rate
Aeration was performed at a rate of 22 Nm ³ / hour, which is 0 times. As a result of continuous purification treatment for one year, the effluent has an average value of SS 4.8 per year.
mg / liter (removal rate 95.7%), BOD 15.6
mg / liter (removal rate 95.5%), E. coli 7,03
It was 1 / ml (removal rate 94.7%). After the above-mentioned one-year purification treatment, the polluted water is 2.2 m as usual.
³ / hour, water is diffused from the diffuser 13 of the septic tank 10 while passing water at the same time.
Air was ejected at 2.0 Nm ³ / hour to perform a mud discharge treatment. As a result, 18.0 kg of sludge was obtained. The organic matter content in the sludge was about 20-28%, similar to ordinary riverbed and sand.

Example 3 Eight air diffusers 13 are provided at the bottom at intervals of about 50 cm in a rectangular parallelepiped purification tank having a width of 1.5 m, a purification area length of 5 m, and a height of 1.5 m. The lumped purifying material 1 was filled with a porosity of 40%, and two purifying apparatuses 10 similar to those in FIG. Purification area capacity is 22.5
m ³ , and the purification flow capacity was 9.0 m ³ . Continuously with the purification device 10 produced above, the average SS 28.8 mg
/ Liter (variation 6.3-69.0 mg / liter),
Average BOD 50.9 mg / liter (fluctuation 7.5 to 9
(3.5 mg / liter), and 168,833 E. coli bacteria / ml of treated polluted water were passed through at an average flow rate of 3.9 m ³ / hour for a retention time of 1 hour to continuously purify. In the purification process, air for aeration was always jetted from the air diffuser 13. The aeration volume is about 5 times the flow rate of polluted water, 20 Nm ³ /
Aerated at times. After the continuous treatment for 5 months, the effluent obtained by the continuous purification treatment for about 24 hours was continuously inspected. As a result, SS1.5 was averaged over 24 hours.
mg / liter (removal rate 92.6%), BOD 3.3m
g / liter (removal rate: 89.7%) and E. coli 52 cells / milliliter (removal rate: 99.9%).

Example 4 Purification was performed in the same manner as in FIG. That is, a diffuser 13 (23) is attached to the bottom of a cubic septic tank having a width of 1.5 m, a length of 18.5 m, and a height of 2 m at intervals of about 5 cm at a bottom of 320.
This was disposed, and the upper part thereof was filled with the same bulk purification material 1 as in Example 1 at a porosity of 40%, thereby producing a purification device 30 similar to that of FIG. The purification area capacity was 48 m ³ . In this case, the length of the diffused area 10 'was 10 m, and the length of the non-diffused area 20' was 6 m. In the purification device 30 prepared above, the average SS was 132.3 mg / liter, and the average BOD was 366.1.
mg / litre, 125,200 E. coli / ml of treated contaminated water with a residence time of 1.5 hours and a flow rate of 12 m
^It was circulated at ³ / h and continuously purified. In the purification process, air for aeration was always blown out from the air diffuser 13 in the air diffusion region 10 '. The amount of aeration air is 10 times the flow rate of polluted water, 120
Aeration was performed at Nm ³ / hour. After a continuous purification treatment for 8 months, the effluent obtained by the continuous purification treatment for 24 hours was continuously inspected. As a result, the average value for 24 hours was SS
4.1 mg / liter (removal rate 96.9%), BOD1
3.9 mg / liter (removal rate 96.2%), Escherichia coli 1
It was 02 pieces / milliliter (removal rate 99.9%).
After the above-mentioned eight-month purification treatment, the polluted water is reduced to 12 m as usual.
³ / hour, water is diffused from the diffuser 13 in the diffuser region 10 'while water is flowing at a time, and the diffuser 2 is diffused in the diffuser region 20'.
Air was ejected at a rate of 3 to 60 Nm ³ / hour to perform a mud discharge treatment. The sludge treatment was performed three times in the eight months. As a result of the third treatment, 105.2 kg of sludge was obtained. The organic matter content in the sludge was about 20-28%, which was similar to ordinary riverbed and sand.

[0029]

According to the method for purifying polluted water of the present invention, a purification zone filled with a predetermined block purification material is formed, and diffuser tubes are arranged at predetermined positions at predetermined intervals in the purification zone. A large number of aerobic and anaerobic treatments are simultaneously present in the same purification treatment area, and polluted water undergoes multiple aerobic and anaerobic treatments while flowing through the septic tank. Is done. In addition, the purifying material has an opening on the surface, and a diffused area and a non-diffused area formed at intervals of diffuser pipes in the purified area act synergistically to purify SS in polluted water. It can be easily removed by trapping in the opening of the material. Furthermore, since the trapped SS can stay inside the purification material, it is subjected to anaerobic treatment at a residence time different from the residence time of the polluted water flowing through the purification area. Is purified. In addition, aerobic treatment can be performed quickly and effectively by improving the oxygen dissolving efficiency and increasing the contact efficiency between the contaminated water to be treated and the biofilm, as compared with the conventional purification treatment.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory sectional view of one embodiment of a polluted water purification tank of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view of a block purification material of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the polluted water purification tank of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory sectional view of another embodiment of the polluted water purification tank of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List A Aeration area AN Non-aeration area S Purification area 1 Lump purifying material 2 Aggregate 3 Opening 10, 20, 30 Septic tank 10 'Aeration area 20' Non-aeration area 11 Inflow channel 12 Drainage channel 13, 23 Dispersion Trachea 14 Inflow water straightening wall 15 Discharge water straightening wall

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. A purification zone for purifying and polluting water ,
Formed between an inflow portion and an outflow portion through which polluted water flows in and out;
The purification zone, each of said openings having a plurality of communication paths communicating with each other plurality has and inside an opening of corresponding diameter 1~5cm the surface is continuously on one of at least said communication passage Filling the bulk purifying material, the purification zone filled with the bulk purifying material
By circulating the polluted water which has been rectified in the inlet, dirty
At the same time that the turbid water is brought into contact with the bulk purification material, the oxygen-containing gas is raised as fine bubbles at predetermined intervals from the bottom of the purification area, so that the polluted water stream contacts the raised oxygen-containing gas fine bubbles substantially orthogonally , Fine bubbles of oxygen-containing gas
Trapped and accumulated by the bulk purification material located in a non-aeration area
(Suspended fine solids) in the polluted water
Bulk cleaning located in the aeration area with gas microbubbles
Lump purification material for a longer time than SS captured and accumulated on
A method for purifying polluted water, characterized in that the polluted water stays inside . 2. The residence time of the polluted water in the purification zone is 10 to 10.
The method for purifying polluted water according to claim 1, wherein the time is 120 minutes. 3. The oxygen-containing gas rises as fine bubbles.
The predetermined interval to be performed is in a range of 5 to 100 cm, and is changed within the range according to the turbidity of the polluted water to be treated.
Or the polluted water purification method according to 2. 4. The purified water treated by the method for purifying polluted water according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is further distributed to a non-diffusive purification region formed by filling the bulk purification material. A method for purifying polluted water, comprising: 5. The method for purifying polluted water according to claim 4, wherein the non-diffusive purification zone is formed at a stage subsequent to an outflow portion in the purification zone. 6. a lidded or no lid, a polluted water treatment apparatus where <br/> constant volume to have a peripheral wall, inlet of polluted water, outflow of the treated water, flow join the club and the outflow section A rectifying member disposed in each of the above, a purifying area disposed between the inflow section and the outflow section, and an air diffuser tube is provided at the bottom of the purification area substantially perpendicular to the direction from the inflow section to the outflow section. Arranged at a predetermined interval, the surface has a plurality of apertures having an equivalent diameter of 1 to 5 cm on the surface and has a plurality of communication paths communicating with each other inside, each of the apertures is at least the Ri one contact path name by filling the massive purifying member comprising in succession, it fine-bubble of the oxygen-containing gas
Trapped inside the bulk purification material located in the
SS (floating fine solids) in the polluted water that is accumulated
Lumps located in the aeration area with fine bubbles of contained gas
Lumped purifying material than SS trapped and accumulated inside turbid purifying material
A polluted water purifier characterized by being configured to stay inside for a long time . 7. The polluted water purification apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein said bulk purification material is formed into a substantially spherical shape having an equivalent diameter of about 7 to 15 cm by bonding small-diameter aggregate. 8. A predetermined interval of disposing the diffusing pipe is 5
The polluted water purification device according to claim 6 or 7, which is 100 cm. 9. Using polluted water purifying apparatus according to any one of claims 6-8, together with circulating the purification zone by introducing polluted water from the inlet, inlet of said purification zone A method for purifying polluted water, characterized in that oxygen-containing gas is diffused from an air diffuser in a front part on the side of the side, and purification treatment is performed without diffusing air from the diffuser in a rear part on the outlet side. 10. The method for purifying polluted water according to claim 9 , wherein said front part and said rear part divide said purifying zone into 1: 1 to 5: 1. 11. The claim 6 to the first and second purification device formed similarly to the polluted water purifying apparatus of the serial <br/> mounting any one of 8, first purifying A polluted water purification device, wherein an outflow portion of the device and an inflow portion of the second purification device communicate with each other. 12. polluted water purifying apparatus of claim 1 1, wherein
In the first polluted water purifier, the polluted water is introduced from the inflow section to circulate through the purification area, and the oxygen-containing gas is diffused from the diffuser pipe to purify the polluted water, and the purified water is discharged from the outflow section. Effluent is introduced into the second polluted water purifier, and the second polluted water purifier further purifies the purified water without diffusing from the air diffuser. Purification method.