JP3174684U - Charge / discharge system for photovoltaic power generation and charge / discharge control device used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To easily use an existing photovoltaic power generation system without extensive construction, and to effectively use the power generated by photovoltaic power generation without waste, regardless of day, night, season, or weather. For solar power generation that can supply power stably and reliably, minimize the amount of commercial power used, contribute to power saving and environmental protection, and have excellent effective use of solar power generation and stable power supply Provide a charge / discharge system.
A battery charge switching unit 35 that charges a battery with the power generated by the solar power generation unit when power is supplied to the load with the power generated by the solar power generation unit; When the solar power generation unit cannot generate power, the power generation unit includes a supply power switching unit 36 that selects power or commercial power charged in the battery and supplies power to the load.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a charge / discharge system for photovoltaic power generation that can effectively reduce the amount of commercial power used by effectively using the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation, and a charge / discharge control device used therefor.

The use of solar energy is being promoted as a countermeasure against global warming due to the depletion of fossil fuels such as oil and the increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere associated with its use.
And the practical use of the solar power generation system which produces electric power with the solar cell installed in the roof of a general household, and supplies electric power to an electric appliance in a home via an inverter is progressing.
However, the general method of using a solar power generation system is to use power generated by solar cells during the day, sell power when there is excess power, and use commercial power when there is not enough power. On the other hand, cloudy and rainy days and nighttime electric power depend on a commercial power source, and there is a problem that power supply stability is lacking. In addition, since it takes a long time to amortize the installation cost of the solar power generation system, there is a problem that it is difficult to spread.
Therefore, various studies have been made on power supply methods and supply devices.
For example, in (Patent Document 1), a battery is charged with cheap midnight power or power generated by solar energy, and the power of the storage battery is supplied to a load such as a lamp, an electric motor, or an electric device outside the supply time of midnight power A power supply device has been proposed.
Further, (Patent Document 2) includes a power storage unit that stores and emits solar cell output, a power supply unit to which a power supply unit to be supplied with power is connected, and the solar cell and power storage unit to the power supply unit. There is disclosed a simplified power supply device including an opening / closing means for opening and closing the power supply line according to a predetermined condition.

Utility Model Registration No. 3054871 JP 2000-259267 A

However, the above conventional techniques have the following problems.
(1) (Patent Document 1) charges the storage battery with power generated by midnight power or solar energy, and uses it outside the supply time of midnight power. As the effective use of solar power generation has not been sufficiently studied and the amount of commercial power used cannot be reduced, it is not possible to save on electricity bills. It was difficult to amortize the installation cost, and there was a problem of lack of practicality and environmental protection.
(2) (Patent Document 2) connects a simple power supply device to a solar cell installed on a roof of a home, supplies power to a required device or instrument via the simple power supply device, A simple power supply unit that stores power can be easily carried to a place where there is no power supply to supply power to the required devices and equipment, but with the commercial power used for power supply at home. There is no consideration for proper use, and it is unclear how to supply power during the daytime or when the amount of power generated or stored by solar cells is insufficient. There was a problem of lack of effective utility and functionality of photovoltaic power generation.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and can be easily connected to an existing photovoltaic power generation system without connecting to a distribution panel (distribution panel) and performing a large-scale construction. Can effectively and efficiently use the power generated by solar power generation to supply electricity stably and reliably regardless of day, night, season or weather, and reduce the amount of commercial power used to the minimum It is possible to contribute to power saving and environmental protection, and to provide a solar power generation charging / discharging system that excels in the effective use of solar power generation and the stability of power supply, and the power generated by solar power generation. Electricity can be stored easily through household outlets, etc., and when necessary, power can be supplied to various loads such as lighting and electrical appliances in the home to save on electricity bills. Bad Also it corresponds versatility can promote self-sufficiency in power, and an object reliability of the power supply, to provide excellent charge-discharge control device energy saving.

The charging / discharging system for solar power generation according to claim 1 of the present invention is detachably connected to a charging outlet to which either one of electric power generated by the solar power generation unit or commercial power is selected and supplied. A plug for converting AC power supplied through the plug into DC power, a battery for charging DC power converted by the converter, and converting the power charged in the battery into AC power for output. Any of the inverter, the power generated by the solar power generation unit or the charging of the battery with the commercial power and the power generated by the solar power generation unit, the commercial power, or the power charged in the battery And a control unit that controls power supply to the load by the control unit, the control unit is more than the power consumption of the load in the solar power generation unit Battery charging for charging the battery with the power generated by the solar power generation unit when power is generated and power is supplied to the load by the power generated by the solar power generation unit A switching unit, and a power supply switching unit that selects the power charged in the battery or the commercial power to supply power to the load when power generation is impossible in the solar power generation unit. It has a configuration.
This configuration has the following effects.
(1) Since a charge / discharge control device having a converter, a battery, an inverter, and a control unit is provided, a simple connection of the charge / discharge control device to a distribution board (distribution board) in a home equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system. It can be installed only by electrical work, and is excellent in installation ease and effective use of solar power generation.
(2) Since it is provided with a charge / discharge control device having a plug that is detachably connected to a charging outlet to which either one of the power generated by the solar power generation unit or the commercial power is selected and supplied, the plug By simply plugging the battery into the charging outlet, the battery can easily use the electric power or commercial power generated by the solar power generation unit, and it is excellent in handling and installation workability.
(3) Since a charge / discharge control device having a converter that converts AC power supplied through a connecting device such as a plug into DC power is provided, the AC power supplied from the connecting device such as a charging outlet is stored in the capacity of the battery. It is possible to charge the battery by converting the output voltage to a direct current output voltage that is excellent in charging efficiency.
(4) By providing a charge / discharge control device having an inverter that converts the power charged in the battery into AC power and outputs the power, the power charged in the battery is connected to household lighting or an outlet. Since it can be easily supplied to various loads such as products, it can immediately respond to power outages and shortage of commercial power supply, etc., and has excellent functionality and reliability of power supply.
(5) Charging of the battery with power generated by the solar power generation unit or commercial power and power supply to the load by any of the power generated by the solar power generation unit, commercial power, or power charged to the battery Since it is equipped with a charge / discharge control device that has a control unit to control, the battery can be reliably charged regardless of the amount of power generated by the solar power generation unit, and it can be connected to household lighting and outlets. It is possible to stably supply electric power to various loads such as electric products with a sine wave, and it is excellent in the effective use of solar power generation and the stability of electric power supply.
(6) When the control unit of the charge / discharge control device generates power that is greater than or equal to the power consumption of the load in the solar power generation unit, and power is supplied to the load with the power generated by the solar power generation unit By providing a battery charge switching unit that charges the battery with the power generated by the solar power generation unit, the power generated by the solar power generation unit is covered by the power generated by the solar power generation unit at night. Because it is possible to charge the battery with power to cover the power consumed by the load, it is possible to effectively use all the power generated by the solar power generation unit without waste and reduce the amount of commercial power used as much as possible. Excellent environmental protection.
(7) When the control unit of the charge / discharge control device cannot generate power in the solar power generation unit, a power supply switching unit that selects power or commercial power charged in the battery and supplies power to the load. This makes it possible to supply power from the battery to the load without relying on commercial power while the battery is charged even when the daytime weather is bad or at night. As soon as the battery is out of charge, commercial power can be supplied, it is possible to continue supplying power without interruption while minimizing the amount of commercial power used. Excellent power supply reliability.

Here, the solar power generation unit has a power conditioner (controller). This power conditioner incorporates an inverter, a system linkage protection device, an automatic operation control device, and the like, converts DC power generated by the solar cell panel into 100V AC power, and performs linked operation with the system. As a result, it is possible to selectively supply the electric power generated by the solar power generation unit or commercial power to various loads such as electric appliances connected to household lighting and outlets through a distribution board (distribution panel) in the home. it can. Therefore, when the power generation amount of the solar power generation unit is insufficient, the power conditioner automatically switches so that power is supplied from the commercial power source to various loads. In addition, surplus power that has not been consumed among the generated power is sold through the power conditioner.
The converter, battery, inverter, and control unit of the charge / discharge control device are preferably housed in a single housing. This is because the respective parts of the charge / discharge control device can be handled integrally, and the handleability and installation workability are excellent.

The charge / discharge control device can be electrically connected to the switchboard (distribution panel) and can control the charge / discharge of the battery and the power supply to the load by the control unit.
The control unit only needs to be able to control the charging / discharging of the battery and the power supply to the load by the battery charge switching unit and the supply power switching unit according to the time of day, the daylight hours, the amount of charge of the battery, and the like. As the battery charge switching unit and the supply power switching unit, a timer relay that switches on and off according to time (timer), a low voltage relay that switches on and off according to a supply voltage from the battery, and the like are preferably used. By providing a timer in the control unit, it is possible to easily determine whether it is daylight hours or whether it is a midnight power time zone, and it is stable by appropriately controlling charge / discharge of the battery and power supply to the load. Electric power can be supplied.

The converter converts AC 100V supplied from the charging outlet into a DC charging voltage in accordance with the battery. The battery charging voltage includes DC 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, and the like, and can be selected as appropriate. However, it is preferable to use 12V having good charging efficiency.
In addition, by attaching an overcharge protection circuit, overcharge to the battery can be prevented, and the safety is excellent.
The electric power charged in the battery is converted again into 100 V of sinusoidal alternating current by an inverter so that it can be used in various loads in the home, and supplied from an outlet or the like through a distribution board (distribution board). The frequency of AC output can be selected from 50 Hz or 60 Hz according to the place of use.
The battery can be charged not only from the power generated by the solar power generation unit but also from a commercial power source. This is because charging from a commercial power source can reliably supply power even when the amount of power generated by photovoltaic power generation is insufficient or in an emergency, and is excellent in power supply stability. In particular, if a contract is made for late-night power, charging can be performed with cheap late-night power during the night when charging is insufficient, and electricity costs can be saved.

Charging to supply the power generated by the solar power generation unit to the charging outlet when the power generated by the solar power generation unit is less than the power consumption of the load and the power is supplied to the load with commercial power If the source switching unit is provided, when the battery charging switching unit of the control unit selects charging of the battery, the battery can be charged with the electric power generated by the solar power generation unit. As a result, even if the amount of power generated by the solar power generation unit is insufficient due to the influence of the weather, etc., the power supply to the load during the day is not interrupted, and the power generated by the solar power generation unit is ensured without waste. The battery can be charged, can be prepared for the power supply shortage of the solar power generation unit or at night, and can be stably supplied regardless of the weather or season, And excellent power supply reliability.
In a normal solar power generation system, when the power generated by the solar power generation unit is less than the power consumption of the load, the power conditioner automatically switches to supply power from the commercial power source to various loads. If the power generated by the solar power generation unit is supplied to the charging outlet as described above, the power generated by the solar power generation unit can be easily turned on simply by turning on the battery charge switching unit. The battery can be charged.

Invention of Claim 2 is the charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of Claim 1, Comprising: The said power supply switching part of the said control part is the electric power to the said load by the electric power charged to the said battery. When an abnormality occurs during supply, the power supply is switched to the commercial power supply.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the first aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) Even if an abnormality occurs in the battery, the supply power switching unit of the control unit switches to power supply using commercial power when an abnormality occurs during power supply to the load by the power charged in the battery. The power supply to the load is not interrupted, and the power supply reliability is excellent.

  Here, battery abnormalities include a decrease in supply voltage, a temperature increase, a capacity over, and the like. Depending on the remaining amount of power charged in the battery and fluctuations in the supply voltage from the battery, the supply power switching unit of the control unit automatically switches from the power supply by the battery to the power supply by the commercial power. Electric power can be supplied. In particular, even when the amount of power generated during the day is insufficient and the amount of charge in the battery is insufficient, it is possible to automatically switch to power supply using commercial power immediately, so the power supply to the load is interrupted at night. It has no reliability and excellent reliability.

Invention of Claim 3 is the charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: The said battery charge switching part of the said control part is the amount of charge of the said battery in the midnight electric power time slot | zone. The battery is charged with midnight power when the set value falls below the specified value.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the first or second aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) The battery charge switching unit of the control unit is configured to charge the battery with midnight power when the charge amount of the battery falls below a set specified value during the midnight power time period, thereby Can be prepared when the amount of power generated by the solar power generator is insufficient and power cannot be supplied to the load from the solar power generation unit, and power can be supplied from a battery charged with cheap late-night power the night before. In addition to saving power, the amount of commercial power consumed during the day can be reduced, and even if a shortage of commercial power occurs, power can be reliably supplied, resulting in excellent power saving and power supply stability.

Here, it is preferable that the control unit can record the power consumption of the load during the day and at night. This is because it is possible to appropriately determine a specified value and a charge amount for charging the battery with midnight power according to the average power consumption of the load during the daytime.
If the battery that is scheduled to be consumed at least during the day of the day is charged to the battery the night before, the next day, even if power generation by the solar power generation unit is impossible, power is supplied from the battery to the load. This reduces the need to use commercial power and saves on electricity bills.
In addition, although the charging capacity of the battery can be selected as appropriate, the capacity is sufficient to charge at least one day of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit even after the battery is charged with midnight power at night. It is preferable to have. This is because, when power is generated by the solar power generation unit on the next day, the generated power is reliably charged to the battery without waste and used effectively.

Invention of Claim 4 is a charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3, Comprising: The said battery has the structure which is a lead acid battery.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 3, the following operation is provided.
(1) Since the battery is a lead-acid battery, the performance will not deteriorate even if it is not charged after being completely discharged like a lithium battery. It can be repeated, there is no possibility that the supply of power is interrupted, and the stability of performance, long life and continuous usability are excellent.

  Here, the lead storage battery may be a new product or a recycled product of a used battery (waste lead storage battery). In particular, by using a recycled product (recycled lead acid battery), the waste lead acid battery can be used effectively, and it is excellent in resource saving and environmental protection.

A charging / discharging control device according to claim 5 of the present invention is a charging / discharging control device used in a charging / discharging system for solar power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the charging / discharging control device is provided in a housing. The converter, the battery, the inverter, and the control unit are electrically connected and housed, and the battery includes a plurality of regenerative lead acid batteries.
This configuration has the following effects.
(1) Since the converter, battery, inverter, and control unit are electrically connected and housed in the housing, the solar power generation system works in cooperation with the existing solar power generation system simply by connecting to the switchboard (distribution panel). Charge / discharge and sale of electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation can be easily controlled, and power can be supplied stably and reliably regardless of day, night, season, and weather. Effective use of solar power generation And excellent power supply reliability.
(2) The converter, battery, inverter, and control unit housed in the housing can be handled as a single unit, making it easy to perform installation work, repairs, and inspections. Excellent.
(3) Since a plurality of regenerative lead-acid batteries are used as the battery, the necessary power can be charged and supplied simply by increasing or decreasing the number of regenerative lead-acid batteries according to the power consumption of each household. Excellent certainty.
(4) By using a regenerative lead-acid battery as a battery, it is excellent in effective use of resources and environmental protection.

Here, the case is not limited as long as it can accommodate the converter, battery, inverter, and control unit. However, by adopting a rainproof type, each part can be protected from wind and rain and can be installed outdoors. Excellent durability and installation flexibility.
The number of regenerative lead acid batteries can be appropriately selected according to the power consumption of each household. If the storage capacity is set larger than the power consumption and a constant amount of power is always stored, stable power supply can be achieved even in the event of bad weather, power outages, insufficient commercial power supply, etc. Can be performed and is highly reliable.
The charge / discharge control device preferably includes a battery inspection unit that inspects the voltage of each regenerative lead-acid battery. This is because, among the plurality of regenerative lead-acid batteries, ones with reduced performance can be sequentially replaced, and all the regenerative lead-acid batteries can be effectively used to the end, and resource saving is excellent.
As a battery inspection part, it has the terminal for a test | inspection inserted in the inside of a battery case from any one of the several liquid mouth plugs of each reproduction | regeneration lead acid battery, and one end is the positive electrode terminal or negative electrode of a reproduction lead acid battery A voltage that is connected to a terminal and whose other end is selectively connected to a test terminal of each regenerative lead-acid battery by a terminal selection unit such as a rotary switch, and measures a voltage between the positive terminal or the negative terminal and the test terminal Those equipped with a meter (tester) are preferably used. The terminal selection unit can sequentially select the inspection terminals for each regenerative lead acid battery, and can efficiently inspect which regenerative lead acid battery voltage is lowered in a short time, and is excellent in maintainability. At this time, by providing the charge / discharge control device with a battery inspection display unit such as a lamp or meter that displays the presence or absence of a voltage drop, anyone can easily perform the inspection, and the usability is excellent. In addition, since the liquid level height of the electrolytic solution can be detected by the inspection terminal, when the electrolytic solution is insufficient, the performance can be maintained by supplying distilled water.

The device according to claim 6 is a charge / discharge control device used in the charge / discharge system for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 5, wherein the charge / discharge control device displays whether the battery is being charged or discharged. It has the structure provided with the discharge display part.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the fifth aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) By having a charge / discharge indicator that displays whether the battery is being charged or discharged, it is possible to easily confirm whether the charging or discharging operation is normally performed, Excellent handling and maintenance.

Here, the charging / discharging display unit may be any device that can distinguish between charging and discharging, but a device that lights a lamp or a device that displays characters is preferably used.
If power is being generated by the solar power generation unit and the battery is not being charged, or if the battery is not discharged at night (power supply to the load), the battery Therefore, it is possible to perform an inspection immediately, replace the battery, repair the charge / discharge control device, etc., and have excellent maintainability.
When the charge / discharge control device is installed outdoors, by installing the charge / discharge display unit in the room, the operation status of the charge / discharge control device can be easily known from the room at all times, and the usability is excellent.

According to the charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
The device according to claim 1 has the following effects.
(1) In households equipped with a solar power generation system, it can be installed by simple electrical work, and charging and discharging can be controlled according to the amount of power generated by solar power generation and the amount of power consumed by the load. It is possible to provide a charge / discharge system for photovoltaic power generation that is excellent in possible installation ease and effective utilization of photovoltaic power generation.

According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1, the following effect is obtained.
(1) Even when the amount of power generation during the day is insufficient and the battery charge level is insufficient, or when other abnormalities occur, the power supply to the load will not be interrupted, and the sun will have excellent power supply reliability. A charge / discharge system for photovoltaic power generation can be provided.

According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of claim 1 or 2, the following effect is obtained.
(1) In preparation for the shortage of power generation by solar power generation, the battery can be charged with late-night power during the night, so that the consumption of commercial power during the day can be reliably reduced and the electricity bill can be saved. In addition, it is possible to provide a solar power generation charging / discharging system excellent in power saving and power supply stability that can stably supply power to a load even when commercial power supply is insufficient.

According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 3, the following effect is obtained.
(1) There is no need to charge after fully discharging like a lithium battery, charging / discharging can be repeated, and there is no risk of interruption of power supply. A charge / discharge system for photovoltaic power generation can be provided.

The invention according to claim 5 has the following effects.
(1) By simply connecting to the switchboard (distribution panel), it is possible to easily control the charge / discharge and sale of power generated by solar power generation in cooperation with the existing solar power generation system. It is possible to provide a charge / discharge control device that is capable of supplying power stably and reliably regardless of the season and weather, and that is excellent in the effectiveness of solar power generation and the reliability of power supply.

According to the invention described in claim 6, in addition to the effect of claim 5, it has the following effect.
(1) It is possible to provide a charge / discharge control device that can easily confirm whether or not the charging or discharging operation is normally performed and that is excellent in handling and maintenance.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of Embodiment 1. FIG. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of Embodiment 1. FIG. The circuit diagram which shows an example of operation | movement of the daytime of the charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of Embodiment 1 The circuit diagram which shows an example of the night operation | movement of the charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of Embodiment 1 The circuit diagram which shows the other example of nighttime operation | movement of the charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of Embodiment 1

(Embodiment 1)
Hereinafter, a charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the charge / discharge system for photovoltaic power generation according to the first embodiment.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a solar power generation charge / discharge system according to Embodiment 1 configured by combining a solar power generation unit 20 and a charge / discharge control device 30 to be described later. A distribution board (distribution board) 15 for supplying either the power generated by the unit 20 or the commercial power supplied from the commercial power supply 50 to the home; Various loads such as electrical appliances connected to an outlet, 21 is a solar cell panel of the solar power generation unit 20 that is installed on a roof or the like and performs solar power generation, 22 is a converter that converts DC power generated by the solar cell panel 21 into AC 100V In addition, the power conditioner 25 of the solar power generation unit 20 that controls the selection of the power source to be supplied to homes and the like and the sale of power, Therefore, the charging outlet 30 for charging the charging / discharging control device 30 to be described later is electrically connected to the switchboard 10 and the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 by inserting the plug into the charging outlet 25. The charge / discharge control device of the charge / discharge system 1 for photovoltaic power generation that controls the charge / discharge of the battery and the power supply to the various loads 15 in the home, 30A indicates whether or not the battery 32 of the charge / discharge control device 30 described later is charged / discharged. The charging / discharging display unit 31 performs 100V AC power (power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 or commercial power supplied from the commercial power source 50) supplied from the charging outlet 25 through the plug into 12V DC power. Converter of charge / discharge control device 30 for conversion, 32 is a charge / discharge control device using a lead storage battery for charging 12V DC power converted by converter 31 0 is a battery, 33 is an inverter of the charge / discharge control device 30 that converts the power charged in the battery 32 into 100V AC power, and outputs it, and 34 is supplied from the power generated by the solar power generation unit 20 or from the commercial power source 50 A built-in timer or the like for charging the battery 32 with the commercial power and the power generated by the solar power generation unit 20, the commercial power, or the power supplied to the various loads 15 using the power charged in the battery 32. It is a control part of the charging / discharging control apparatus 30 to control.

As the charge / discharge display section 30A, a display that displays whether the battery 32 is being charged or discharged by lighting a lamp or displaying characters is suitably used. Thereby, it can be confirmed easily whether the charging / discharging control device 30 is operating normally. When the charge / discharge control device 30 is installed outdoors, by installing the charge / discharge display unit 30A in the room, the operation status of the charge / discharge control device 30 can be easily and always known indoors, and the usability Excellent.
The lead acid battery used for the battery 32 may be a new product or a recycled product of a used battery (waste lead acid battery). In particular, the use of the recycled product (recycled lead acid battery) can effectively use the waste lead acid battery. Excellent in resource saving and environmental protection.
The number of lead-acid batteries (recycled lead-acid batteries) used as the battery 32 can be selected as appropriate according to the power consumption of each household, but the storage capacity is set larger than the power consumption. However, if a constant amount of power is always stored, stable power supply can be performed even if bad weather, power failure, commercial power supply shortage, etc. continue, and the reliability is excellent.

When a plurality of regenerative lead storage batteries are used as the battery 32, the charge / discharge control device 30 preferably has a battery inspection unit that inspects the voltage of each regenerative lead storage battery. This is because, among the plurality of regenerative lead-acid batteries, ones that have deteriorated performance can be sequentially detected and replaced, and all the regenerative lead-acid batteries can be used effectively to the end, and resource saving is excellent.
As the battery inspection unit, for example, if an inspection terminal is inserted into the battery case from any one of a plurality of liquid mouth plugs of a regenerative lead-acid battery, the positive electrode terminal or the negative electrode terminal and the inspection terminal The voltage between them can be measured with a voltmeter (tester). Therefore, if the connection between the inspection terminal of each regenerative lead-acid battery and the terminal of the voltmeter (tester) is sequentially selected and switched using a terminal selection unit such as a rotary switch, any regenerative lead-acid battery It can be efficiently inspected in a short time whether the voltage of the battery is lowered, and is excellent in maintainability. At this time, by providing the charge / discharge control device 30 with a battery inspection display unit such as a lamp or a meter that displays the presence or absence of a voltage drop, anyone can easily perform the inspection, and the usability is excellent. In addition, since the liquid level height of the electrolytic solution can be detected by the inspection terminal, when the electrolytic solution is insufficient, the performance can be maintained by supplying distilled water.

Operation | movement of the charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of Embodiment 1 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the charge / discharge system for photovoltaic power generation according to the first embodiment.
In FIG. 2, first, the control unit 34 of the charge / discharge control device 30 determines whether or not it is a sunshine time with a built-in timer (S1: sunshine time determination step).
During the daylight hours, the power conditioner 22 of the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 determines whether the amount of photovoltaic power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 (solar cell panel 21) is greater than or equal to the amount of load power consumed by various loads 15 in the home. (S2: Solar power generation amount first determination step).
If the power conditioner 22 determines that the amount of photovoltaic power generation is greater than or equal to the load power consumption amount in step 2, the power conditioner 22 supplies power from the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 to the various loads 15 (S3: photovoltaic power generation power supply step). ).
At this time, since the power is also supplied from the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 to the charging outlet 25, if the charging to the battery 32 is selected by the control unit 34, the charging from the solar power generation unit 20 to the battery 32 is performed. (S4: Photovoltaic power charging step), that effect is displayed on the charge / discharge display unit 30A and the like (S5: first charging display step).
Further, the power conditioner 22 determines whether there is surplus power by subtracting the power supplied to the various loads 15 and the power charged to the battery 32 from the power generated by the solar power generation unit 20 (S6). : Solar power surplus power determination step) When it is determined that there is surplus power, power is sold (S7: Solar power generation power selling step), and the process returns to step 1. If it is determined in step 6 that there is no surplus power, the process returns to step 1.

  In addition, when the power conditioner 22 determines that the amount of photovoltaic power generation is smaller than the load power consumption in step 2, the power conditioner 22 prevents the power supply from the commercial power supply 50 to the various loads 15 in order to prevent insufficient power supply to the various loads 15. Supply is performed (S8: commercial power first supply step). Since power is also supplied from the commercial power source 50 to the charging outlet 25, the control unit 34 charges the battery 32 from the commercial power source 50 by selecting charging to the battery 32 (S9: commercial power charging). Step), a message to that effect is displayed on the charge / discharge display unit 30A or the like (S10: second charge display step), and the process returns to Step 1.

Moreover, when it determines with it not being the sunshine time by a timer in step 1, the control part 34 stops charge of the battery 32 (S11: battery charge stop step). And the control part 34 determines whether abnormality has generate | occur | produced in the battery 32 of the charging / discharging control apparatus 30 (S12: battery abnormality determination step).
When it is determined in step 12 that there is no abnormality in the battery 32 (normal power supply is possible), the control unit 34 supplies power from the battery 32 to the various loads 15 (S13: battery charging power supply step). The fact that the battery 32 is being discharged is displayed on the charge / discharge display unit 30A or the like (S14: discharge display step), and the process returns to step 1.

If the controller 34 determines in step 12 that an abnormality such as a voltage drop, heat generation, capacity over, or the like has occurred in the battery 32, it stops supplying power (discharging) from the battery 32 and Electric power is supplied to the various loads 15 (S15: commercial power second supply step).
Next, the control unit 34 determines whether or not the current time is in the midnight power time zone by using a timer (S16: midnight power time zone determination step), and determines that the current time is in the midnight power time zone, the commercial power source 50 To the battery 32 (S17: late-night power charging step), the fact that the battery 32 is being charged is displayed on the charge / discharge display unit 30A (S18: third charging display step), and the process returns to step 1. . If it is determined in step 16 that it is not a time zone for late-night power, the process returns to step 1.
By repeating the above operation continuously, power supply to the various loads 15 and charging / discharging of the battery 32 are appropriately performed without interruption.

Next, operation | movement of the charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of Embodiment 1 is demonstrated based on a specific circuit.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an example of daytime operation of the solar power generation charge / discharge system of the first embodiment, and FIG. 4 shows an example of nighttime operation of the solar power generation charge / discharge system of the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing another example of nighttime operation of the charge / discharge system for photovoltaic power generation according to the first embodiment.
3 to 5, reference numeral 35 denotes a battery charge switching unit of the control unit 34 that switches whether or not the battery 32 is charged in a state where the plug of the charge / discharge control device 30 is connected to the charging outlet 25, and 36 denotes the battery 32. The supply power switching unit 37 of the control unit 34 that selects charged power or power supplied from the commercial power supply 50 and supplies power to the various loads 15, 37 indicates whether power is supplied from the battery 32 to the various loads 15. The battery power supply switching unit 38a of the power supply switching unit 36 to be switched is a shortage of charging of the power supply switching unit 36 using a low voltage relay that stops the power supply from the battery 32 in response to a decrease in the supply voltage from the battery 32. The power supply first switching unit 38b is a low voltage that switches from the commercial power supply 50 to the power supply to the various loads 15 in synchronization with the insufficient power supply first switching unit 38a. The second power supply switching unit 39 when the charging power is insufficient in the power supply switching unit 36 using a power source, 39 is a load of the power supply switching unit 36 that switches the presence or absence of power supply from the solar power generation unit 20 or the commercial power supply 50 to the various loads 15. The power supply switching unit 40 is a timer of the control unit 34 that switches on and off the battery charge switching unit 35, the battery power supply switching unit 37 of the supply power switching unit 36, and the load power supply switching unit 39 according to time.

First, the daytime operation | movement of the charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of Embodiment 1 is demonstrated.
FIG. 3 shows a state in which sufficient power generation is performed by the solar power generation unit 20 during the daytime.
Table 1 shows the charge / discharge state of the battery 32 by switching ON / OFF of each switching unit (35, 37, 38a, 38b, 39) of the control unit 34.
When sufficient power generation is performed in the solar power generation unit 20, the solar power generation unit 20 is selected as the power source of the various loads 15 and the charging outlet 25 by the control of the power conditioner 22 of the solar power generation unit 20. The At this time, in the control unit 34, it is determined by the timer 40 that it is the sunshine time, and the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 generates power by turning on the load power supply switching unit 39 of the supply power switching unit 36. Electric power is supplied to various loads 15. At the same time, the battery 32 is charged with the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 by turning on the battery charge switching unit 35. In order to prevent the battery 32 from being discharged, the battery power supply switching unit 37 and the undercharged power supply first switching unit 38a are turned off, and the undercharged power supply second switching unit 38b is switched to the undercharged power supply first switch. It is turned on in synchronization with the unit 38a (battery charge state in Table 1).
Furthermore, when there is a margin in the power generation amount of the solar power generation unit 20, surplus power can be sold by controlling the power conditioner 22 of the solar power generation unit 20.
When the amount of power generated by the solar power generation unit 20 is insufficient, the commercial power supply 50 is selected as the power source of the various loads 15 and the charging outlet 25 by the control of the power conditioner 22 of the solar power generation unit 20. Therefore, the battery 32 can be charged by the commercial power supply 50 if the battery charge switching unit 35 is kept on by the control unit 34 of the charge / discharge control device 30.

Next, the nighttime operation of the charge / discharge system for photovoltaic power generation according to Embodiment 1 will be described.
FIG. 4 shows a state where the battery 32 is sufficiently charged at night.
When it is determined by the timer 40 that it is not the sunshine time, the control unit 34 turns off the battery charge switching unit 35, and turns on the battery power supply switching unit 37 of the supply power switching unit 36 and the power supply first switching unit 38 a when charging is insufficient. Is turned on, and the power supply second switching unit 38b and the load power supply switching unit 39 are turned off to supply power from the battery 32 to the various loads 15 (batteries in Table 1). Discharge state).
Since it is nighttime, the commercial power source 50 is automatically selected as the power source of the various loads 15 and the charging outlet 25 by the control of the power conditioner 22 of the photovoltaic power generation unit 20. Thereby, when the amount of charge of the battery 32 is insufficient and the output voltage is lowered, as shown in FIG. 5, the control unit 34 turns off the undercharged power supply first switching unit 38 a of the supply power switching unit 36, By turning on the power supply second switching unit 38b at the time of insufficient charging, the power supply from the battery 32 is immediately switched to the power supply from the commercial power source 50 regardless of the time of the timer 40 (battery discharge stop state in Table 1). .
The control unit 34 can also charge the battery 32 with midnight power by turning on the battery charge switching unit 35 as necessary, such as when the charge amount of the battery 32 is insufficient.

The charge / discharge system for photovoltaic power generation according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) Since a charge / discharge control device having a converter, a battery, an inverter, and a control unit is provided, a simple connection of the charge / discharge control device to a distribution board (distribution board) in a home equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system. It can be installed only by electrical work, and is excellent in installation ease and effective use of solar power generation.
(2) Since it is provided with a charge / discharge control device having a plug that is detachably connected to a charging outlet to which either one of the power generated by the solar power generation unit or the commercial power is selected and supplied, the plug By simply plugging the battery into the charging outlet, the battery can easily use the electric power or commercial power generated by the solar power generation unit, and it is excellent in handling and installation workability.
(3) Since a charge / discharge control device having a converter that converts AC power supplied through a connecting device such as a plug into DC power is provided, the AC power supplied from the connecting device such as a charging outlet is stored in the capacity of the battery. It is possible to charge the battery by converting the output voltage to a direct current output voltage that is excellent in charging efficiency.
(4) By providing a charge / discharge control device having an inverter that converts the power charged in the battery into AC power and outputs the power, the power charged in the battery is connected to household lighting or an outlet. Since it can be easily supplied to various loads such as products, it can immediately respond to power outages and shortage of commercial power supply, etc., and has excellent functionality and reliability of power supply.
(5) Charging of the battery with power generated by the solar power generation unit or commercial power and power supply to the load by any of the power generated by the solar power generation unit, commercial power, or power charged to the battery Since it is equipped with a charge / discharge control device that has a control unit to control, the battery can be reliably charged regardless of the amount of power generated by the solar power generation unit, and it can be connected to household lighting and outlets. It is possible to stably supply electric power to various loads such as electric products with a sine wave, and it is excellent in the effective use of solar power generation and the stability of electric power supply.
(6) When the control unit of the charge / discharge control device generates power that is greater than or equal to the power consumption of the load in the solar power generation unit, and power is supplied to the load with the power generated by the solar power generation unit Since it has a battery charge switching unit that charges the battery with the power generated by the solar power generation unit, the power generated by the solar power generation unit is covered by the power generated by the solar power generation unit at night. Since the battery can be charged with power to cover the power consumed by the load, all the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit can be used effectively without waste, and the amount of commercial power used can be reduced as much as possible. Excellent environmental protection.
(7) When the control unit of the charge / discharge control device cannot generate power in the solar power generation unit, a power supply switching unit that selects power or commercial power charged in the battery and supplies power to the load. Therefore, even when the weather is bad during the day or at night, the battery can supply power to the load without relying on commercial power as long as the battery is charged. Since power can be supplied from commercial power immediately when the battery is cut off, it is possible to continue supplying power without interruption while minimizing the amount of commercial power used. Excellent supply reliability.
(8) The supply power switching unit of the control unit switches the power supply to the commercial power supply when an abnormality such as a voltage drop occurs during power supply to the load by the power charged in the battery. Even if it occurs, power supply to the load is not interrupted, and the reliability of power supply is excellent.
(9) The battery charge switching unit of the control unit is configured to charge the battery with midnight power when the amount of charge of the battery falls below a set specified value during the midnight power time period, thereby Can be prepared when the amount of power generated by the solar power generator is insufficient and power cannot be supplied to the load from the solar power generation unit, and power can be supplied from a battery charged with cheap late-night power the night before. In addition to saving power, the amount of commercial power consumed during the day can be reduced, and even if a shortage of commercial power occurs, power can be reliably supplied, resulting in excellent power saving and power supply stability.
(10) Since the battery is a lead-acid battery, the performance will not deteriorate even if it is not fully charged like a lithium battery and then charged, so charging and discharging can be repeated taking advantage of its characteristics, There is no risk of interruption of power supply, and it has excellent performance stability, long life, and continuous use.

The charge / discharge control device used in the charge / discharge system for photovoltaic power generation according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) Since the converter, battery, inverter, and control unit are electrically connected and housed in the housing, the solar power generation system works in cooperation with the existing solar power generation system simply by connecting to the switchboard (distribution panel). Charge / discharge and sale of electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation can be easily controlled, and power can be supplied stably and reliably regardless of day, night, season, and weather. Effective use of solar power generation And excellent power supply reliability.
(2) The converter, battery, inverter, and control unit housed in the housing can be handled as a single unit, making it easy to perform installation work, repairs, and inspections. Excellent.
(3) Since a plurality of regenerative lead-acid batteries are used as the battery, the necessary power can be charged and supplied simply by increasing or decreasing the number of regenerative lead-acid batteries according to the power consumption of each household. Excellent certainty.
(4) By using a regenerative lead-acid battery as a battery, it is excellent in effective use of resources and environmental protection.
(5) By having a charge / discharge indicator that displays whether the battery is being charged or discharged, it is possible to easily confirm whether the charging or discharging operation is normally performed, Excellent handling and maintenance.

  The present invention can be used by simply connecting to the existing photovoltaic power generation system without performing extensive construction by simply connecting the charge / discharge control device to the switchboard (distribution panel). Efficiently and efficiently use generated power to supply power stably and reliably regardless of day, night, season, or weather, minimizing the amount of commercial power used, and saving power and environment It can contribute to protection, provide a solar power charging / discharging system that is effective in solar power generation and has excellent power supply stability, and easily generate power generated by solar power through a household outlet. It is possible to store electricity, and to supply electricity to various loads such as lighting and electrical appliances in the home as needed to save electricity charges, and to cope with power outages and shortage of commercial power supply Can It is possible to provide a charge / discharge control device with excellent versatility, reliability of power supply, and energy saving, making it possible to effectively utilize existing solar power generation systems and to achieve self-sufficiency of commercial power. It can be used to resolve supply shortages.

1 Photovoltaic charging / discharging system 10 Switchboard (distribution panel)
15 Various loads 20 Photovoltaic power generation unit 21 Solar cell panel 22 Power conditioner 25 Charging outlet 30 Charge / discharge control device,
31 Converter 32 Battery 33 Inverter 34 Control Unit 35 Battery Charging Switching Unit 36 Power Supply Switching Unit 37 Battery Power Supply Switching Unit 38a Insufficient Charging Power Supply First Switching Unit 38b Insufficient Charging Power Supply Second Switching Unit 39 Load Power Supply Switching unit 40 Timer 50 Commercial power supply

Claims (6)

A plug that is removably connected to a charging outlet that is supplied with either one of the power generated by the solar power generation unit or the commercial power, and the AC power supplied through the plug is converted into DC power. A converter, a battery that charges the DC power converted by the converter, an inverter that converts the power charged in the battery into AC power and outputs the power, and power generated by the solar power generation unit or the commercial power Charging / discharging control comprising: a control unit that controls charging of the battery and power supplied to the load by any of the power generated by the solar power generation unit, the commercial power, and the power charged to the battery Equipped with equipment,
In the case where the control unit generates power equal to or higher than the power consumption of the load by the solar power generation unit, and the power is supplied to the load by the power generated by the solar power generation unit, the solar power generation unit A battery charge switching unit that charges the battery with the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit, and when the solar power generation unit is unable to generate power, selects the power charged in the battery or the commercial power. And a supply power switching unit for supplying power to the load. The power supply switching unit of the control unit switches to power supply by the commercial power when an abnormality occurs during power supply to the load by the power charged in the battery. The charging / discharging system for solar power generation as described. The battery charge switching unit of the control unit charges the battery with midnight power when a charge amount of the battery falls below a set specified value during a midnight power time period. Or the charging / discharging system for solar power generation of 2. The said battery is a lead acid battery, The charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. It is a charging / discharging control apparatus used for the charging / discharging system for photovoltaic power generation of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4, Comprising: The said converter, the said battery, the said inverter, and the said control part are electrically in a housing | casing. A charge / discharge control device, wherein the battery is connected and accommodated, and the battery is composed of a plurality of regenerative lead acid batteries. The charge / discharge control apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a charge / discharge display unit that displays whether the battery is being charged or discharged.

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