JP3171814B2 - Vehicle side structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to the Ri engaging <br/> the side structure of the vehicle, in particular it relates to a side structure of a suitable vehicle to the vehicle body constituted by the extrusion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional method of manufacturing a structural block for a vehicle made of steel is to set a thin plate having an opening such as a side window in advance on a jig, and to directly put the thin plate on the thin plate in a vertical direction. A lateral bone member was placed, and the thin skin was joined to the longitudinal and lateral bone members. Incidentally, as a method related to this kind of manufacturing method, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-12
No. 027 and the like.

On the other hand, in a vehicle structure composed of a light-alloy extruded die, a frame is formed integrally with the die itself, so that the die is disposed in each part in the longitudinal direction or the circumferential direction of the vehicle body so as to be mutually separated. It had a joining structure. Examples related to this type of structure include, for example, “Light Metal Vehicles Committee Report No. 3 Showa 49-1982”, pages 70 to 19, published on September 15, 1978 by the Japan Railway Vehicle Industry Association. Page 72 and the like.

[0004]

Among the above prior arts, in the case of a steel vehicle structure, the surface of the thin outer plate is likely to be distorted,
After the vehicle structure was completed, it was necessary to perform the work of removing the distortion. Therefore, a great deal of time and effort was required to remove the distortion. Further, in order to prevent the above-mentioned distortion from occurring at the time of manufacturing the vehicle structure, it is conceivable to join the thin outer plate with a bone member in a state where tension is applied, but a device for applying tension is required, and It is conceivable that many man-hours are required to install the thin outer panel.

[0005] On the other hand, in a structure composed of extruded mold members, there is a problem that joining of the extruded mold members becomes complicated and work cannot be automated. In particular, a conventional light alloy extruded die has a structure in which composite parts are overlapped with each other, and welding work for joining must be performed on both surfaces of the extruded die, which requires a great deal of time and labor. Was.

In order to prevent the surface of the vehicle structure from being distorted, it is conceivable to increase the thickness of the extruded material itself. However, although it is made of a light alloy, there is a problem that the weight of the entire vehicle structure increases. Was.

An object of the present invention is to provide a side structure of the low no vehicle distortion on the surface.

[0008]

The above object is achieved by providing a window opening.
A side structure of a vehicle having a plurality of extruded profiles, wherein the extruded profiles are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the extruded profiles are arranged in the width direction of the extruded profiles. , adjacent extrusion is welded butt each end, said window opening, an upper window opening
One extruded profile and the lower window opening
Abut the other extruded profile and form the upper window
The opening portion and the lower window opening portion constitute one window opening.
Combined so that the pair of extruded profiles are butted
This is achieved by welding the ends . According to the present invention, a side structure of a vehicle having a small surface distortion
Can be provided .

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a jig having a member supporting surface corresponding to the outer surfaces of the side structure and the roof structure. In other words, the member support surface supports the outer plate member constituting the surface of the side structure and the roof structure, and the cross-sectional shape in the width direction matches the surface shape when the vehicle structure is completed. Reference numerals 2, 3, 4, and 5 denote outer plate members constituting side structures, which are disposed so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and have a rib 13 extending in the longitudinal direction integrally formed on the inner surface thereof. Consists of Reference numerals 6, 7, and 8 denote outer plate members constituting the roof structure, which are arranged so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and are formed from light alloy extruded mold members integrally formed with ribs extending in the longitudinal direction on the inner surface thereof. Is done. Reference numeral 9 denotes a side pillar corresponding to a bone member disposed on the inner surface side of the outer plate members 2, 3, 4, and 5, that is, on the side on which the ribs 13 are formed. The lower end of the side pillar 9 is joined to a long base or a side beam of an underframe. Reference numeral 10 denotes a rafter corresponding to a bone member disposed on the inner surface side of the outer plate members 6, 7, 8 or the side on which the ribs are formed.

Next, the assembling state of each of the above members will be described by taking a side structure as an example. First, the outer plate members 2, 3, 4, and 5 constituting the side structure are arranged side by side in the width direction on the jig 1 configured so that the member supporting surface is made to coincide with the outer plate surface of the side structure. . After positioning the outer plate members 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, they are restrained. The constraint is performed with emphasis on the joint end portions of the outer plate members 2, 3, 4, and 5. In this restrained state, the outer plate members 2, 3, 4, and 5 are joined by forming a continuous welding line 11 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. In addition, the welding line 1 of the outer plate members 2, 3, 4, 5
The welding of 1 is performed from the inner side of the outer plate members 2, 3, 4 and 5, that is, from the side on which the ribs 13 are formed, and is performed such that adjacent joint ends are completely welded. That is, a bead is formed on the back surface in the welding direction and welded, and the bead portion finishes the surface smoothly later. At this time, it is possible to confirm an unwelded portion, a blow hole, and the like in the welded portion. Further, the outer plate member 2, the outer plate member 3, the outer plate member 3, the outer plate member 4,
At each joint between the outer plate member 4 and the outer plate member 5, the welding operation can be performed simultaneously. That is, since the welding lines 11 between the outer plate members all extend in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, the welding lines 11 can be automatically and simultaneously performed. At the time when the welding work of the outer plate members 2, 3, 4, 5 is completed, the side pillar 9 as a bone member is provided on the inner surface, that is, the upper surface of the outer plate.
Is placed at the joint position. In this state, the outer plate members 2,
3, 4, 5 and the side column 9 are restrained, and the respective outer plate members 2, 3,
The ribs 13 of 4 and 5 and the side pillar 9 are joined by forming a welding line 11a.

According to such a manufacturing method, since the joint portions of the outer plate members 2, 3, 4, and 5 extend linearly in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, it can be easily automated. It is also possible to weld a plurality of joints simultaneously. Therefore, the number of man-hours required for manufacturing the side structure, that is, the structure block, can be reduced, and the structure block can be easily manufactured in a short time.

Further, since the outer plate members 2, 3, 4, 5 and the side pillars 9 are joined through the upper surface of the rib 13, the outer plate is heated by welding heat when forming the welding line 11a. The distortion generated on the surface can be reduced.

Further, the joining between the outer plate members 2, 3, 4, and 5 and the joining between the outer plate joined to the outer plate members and the side columns 9 are all performed by the outer plate members 2, 3, 4, and 5. Since it can be performed from the inside, it can be performed on the same jig 1 without moving or inverting each of the constituent members. Therefore, man-hours associated with the movement and reversal of the outer plate can be reduced, and problems such as distortion of the outer plate surface due to deformation do not occur.

Incidentally, the assembling work of the roof structure is performed on a jig having a member supporting surface corresponding to the surface of the outer plate of the roof structure like the side structure. Therefore, a similar effect can be achieved for the roof structure.

Next, regarding the window opening of the side structure,
A portion corresponding to the window opening of the outer plate member 4 is cut out. The processing of the window opening is described later with reference to FIGS.
It is performed as follows. That is, the rib 1 formed at a position corresponding to the edge of the window opening at the time of the outer plate member 4 alone.
3 is cut at a predetermined width. The width at which the ribs 13 are cut out takes into account the width required for installing a window glass or the like around the window opening and the dimensional tolerance accompanying the processing of the window opening. Simultaneously with the cutting operation of the rib 13, a cut 34 is made intermittently along the shape of the window opening. Then, as described above, the other outer plate members 2, 3, and 5 are joined,
Further, when the side columns 9 are joined to complete the side structure, unnecessary portions are completely removed along the cuts 34 of the window opening. It should be noted that the width of the cut 34 is such that when the outer plate member 4 is bonded to another outer plate member, deformation due to welding heat input at the time of bonding with the bone member and at the time of bonding between the side structure, the roof structure, and the underframe. The strength is determined in consideration of the strength. Processing of the window opening may be performed after the entire structure is completed.

The workability can be improved by previously cutting off the rib 13 at the edge of the window opening. The window opening is processed in a state in which the side structure or the entire vehicle structure is completed, so that the outer plate 4 can be joined to another outer plate, to the bone member, and to the side structure and the roof structure. In addition, it is hardly affected by the heat input when welding the underframes to each other, thereby preventing deformation.

On the other hand, the processing of the window opening in the side structure may be performed without providing the cut 34.
Further, by removing the rib 13 at a portion corresponding to the edge of the window opening of the outer plate 4 as described above, it is possible to easily install a member constituting the window, for example, a window glass or a window frame.
Further, sealing around the window can be easily performed.

Next, the floor plate member 12 provided on the underframe will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the floor plate member 12 is installed above the underframe, and has a configuration in which a cross section in the width direction has an arc shape, that is, a curvature. The floor plate member 12
Is also made of an extruded light alloy material in which the ribs 13 are integrally formed on the inner surface side, that is, inside the passenger compartment. The floorboards 14 are installed so as to pass through in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and a plurality of the floorboards are arranged in the width direction thereof and joined to each other to join the floorboard members 1.
2. On the surface of the floor plate 14 opposite to the surface on which the ribs 13 are formed, the floor plate member 12 itself is
Are formed on each of them.

A jig for arranging and joining the floor plates 14 in the width direction thereof has a member supporting surface which is formed by a floor plate member 12.
Has a curved surface corresponding to the surface on the side of the rib 13. Also,
A concave portion into which the rib 13 can be inserted is formed on the member supporting surface of the jig.

A plurality of floor plates 14 are placed on the member supporting surface of such a jig, with the surface on which the ribs 13 are formed facing downward, and the joints of the respective floor plates 14 are welded in a state of being constrained. I do. Then, the horizontal beam or the horizontal beam and the side beam constituting the underframe are placed on the floor plate member 12 and are joined together in a state of being restrained. By configuring the underframe block in this way, the underframe block can also be manufactured by welding from one direction on the same jig, so that workability can be improved.

In addition to the above-described construction of the underframe block, a floor plate support surface is previously formed on the cross beam, and after the cross beam and the side beam are assembled on a jig, the upper surface of the cross beam is formed. It is also conceivable to use as a jig.

By the way, since the jigs constituting the structural block and the underframe block have a member supporting surface corresponding to the surface shape of the plate member of each block, the curvature of each plate member can be accurately matched. Can be joined. Therefore, the outer surface of the vehicle structure can be configured with high accuracy, and the appearance can be improved. In addition, a bone member is joined to each plate member while maintaining the dimensional accuracy of the surface of each plate member. From this point, the appearance of the surface of the vehicle structure can be improved.

The same effect can be obtained for the end structure as well as the above-mentioned structure block if it is constituted by a plate member having ribs.

Next, another embodiment of the vehicle structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 20 denotes a center line in the width direction of the vehicle structure, and FIG.
The floor panel member 21 is composed of a plurality of floor panels 21a, and a side beam 22 is joined to an end in the width direction. The floor board 21
A flange 26 and a rib 25 for supporting the passenger cabin flooring material 27 are formed integrally with the floor panel 21a, and the floorboard 21a is a light alloy extruded material. The side outer plate 23 includes a plurality of outer plate members 23a.
The outer plate member 23a is also integrally formed with a rib 25. The roof skin 24 includes a plurality of skin members 24a.
The outer plate member 24a is also integrally formed with a rib 25.

The floor panel 21a and the outer panel member 23
The joint W between the members a and 24a is made from one side. Regarding the joining portion W, the case of the outer plate member 23a will be described with reference to FIG. The joining end 29 of the outer plate member 23a has a greater plate thickness than other portions,
A V-shaped welding groove is formed on the end face inward. That is, the joining end 29 is welded and joined from the side of the outer plate member 23a where the rib 25 is provided.
Note that the groove shape is not limited to the V shape, and may be another shape such as a U shape.

The joint W 'of the side beam 22 and the joint W "of the side panel 23 and the roof panel 24 are joined by lap welding. That is, each of the side structure, the roof structure, the underframe, etc. The portions corresponding to the joints of the blocks are joined by lap welding.

The vehicle structure includes an outer panel member 23 surrounding the passenger cabin.
Since the a and 24a and the floor plate 21a have the ribs 25, sufficient rigidity can be secured against pressure fluctuations generated when the vehicle passes through the tunnel at high speed. Therefore, the thickness of the outer panel members 23a and 24a and the floor panel 21a itself can be reduced to reduce the weight of the entire vehicle structure.

Next, with reference to FIG. 5, a description will be given of a method of processing a window opening or another opening of the outer panel member or the floor member. In the figure, a plate member 31 having ribs
Is fixed on a bed 32, and a cutting machine 33 cuts ribs and cuts 34. When the rib is cut, the rib on the non-opening side is also cut as shown in the figure.
Note that the ribs are cut and cut 34 in accordance with the position and shape of the window opening or other openings.
In addition, the cuts 34 are formed intermittently to form the connecting portions 35. The connecting portion 35 has a width necessary to prevent the plate member 31 from being deformed by a force generated when the plate member 31 is joined to another plate member or a bone member or when each structural block is joined. It is formed to have.

Next, FIGS. 6 to 8 show the steps of joining the plate member 31 on the jig 36 step by step. In FIG. 6, each plate member 31 is positioned and restrained on the member support surface of the jig 36. Rails 38 for running an automatic welding machine 37 are provided on both sides of the jig 36. The plurality of plate members 31 are joined by the automatic welding machine 37. Next, as shown in FIG. 7, a bone member 39 is placed on the plate member 31 and both are joined. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, when the joining of the bone members 39 is completed, the window opening or another opening is opened. Summing up the above, the following effects are obtained.

The extruded members are welded from above, and then the ribs of the extruded members and the bone members are welded from above in this welding jig. In other words, welding of the extruded members is performed from the inner surface side of the vehicle, and then, the bone members are welded from the inner surface side.For example, welding of the extruded members is performed from the outer surface, and then the block is inverted. Compared with the method of welding a bone member to the inner surface, an accurate block can be manufactured by preventing deformation, the operation is simplified, and it can be manufactured at low cost.

Since the bone members are welded to the ribs,
The distortion due to the welding heat of the bone member does not reach the plate portion of the extruded profile (that is, the vehicle outer plate). In addition, since the welding is performed to the rib, the welding position is intermittent, and from this point, the heat input to the outer plate of the vehicle is reduced. For this reason, especially when used for a side structure whose appearance is important, it is possible to eliminate the strain removing work.

Further, since the bone members are welded so as to intersect the ribs of all the extruded shapes, the structure to which the bone members have been welded is transported for assembling a vehicle. Can be reduced.

If an opening such as a window is provided, the extruded material at this portion is weak. However, since the bone members are arranged between the openings and the extruded members of a total of three parts of the opening part and the upper and lower parts thereof are connected by one bone member (side pillar). , And can prevent distortion. Further, since the side pillars intersect with the ribs of the extruded shapes of the three parts, respectively, it can be made strong,
This can prevent the occurrence of distortion.

In addition, unnecessary ribs are eliminated at the stage of the extruded material before welding, so that the cutting device can be downsized.

Further, since the cut 34 is formed in the opening with respect to the extruded material before welding, the cut 3
The cutting device for inserting 4 can be reduced in size. After welding a plurality of extruded shapes, a discontinuous portion (joint portion 35) of the cut 34 is formed.
Is cut to form an opening, so that a small cutter such as a portable one can be used.
Therefore, the entire cutting device can be reduced in size.

The openings are connected by a connecting portion 35. For this reason, since there is no large opening in the extruded shape, deformation of the extruded shape when the extruded shape is conveyed can be prevented.

Further, as is apparent from the figure, since the discontinuous portion (connecting portion 35) is provided in a portion which is easily deformed by welding, deformation during welding can be prevented. This joint 3
5 is preferably provided at the center of the length of the cut 34 provided along the welding line as is apparent from the drawing.

Further, the extruded profile having a window has the upper end of the window below the upper end of the extruded profile, and the lower end of the window is provided above the lower end of the extruded profile. For this reason, the extruded members can be arranged side by side and continuously welded along the longitudinal direction. That is, continuous welding can be performed even if there is a window. Generally, in welding, defects tend to occur at the start and end of welding, but since welding is continuous, the occurrence of defects can be suppressed.

[0039]

According to the present invention, a vehicle having less surface distortion
Side structure can be provided .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a structure manufactured by an embodiment of a method of manufacturing a structure block according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the entire structure shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a joint portion of an outer plate member in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a processing state of a plate member.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a production state of a structural block.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a production state of a structural block.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of a production state of a structural block.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Jig, 2,3,4 ... Outer plate member, 9 ... Side pillar, 11,1
1a: welding line, 13: rib.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Yamada 794, Higashi-Toyoi, Kazamatsu, Kudamatsu City, Yamaguchi Prefecture Inside the Hitachi Kasado Plant (72) Kiyotaka Kikumoto 794, Higashi Toyoi, Kudamatsu, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Ltd. Hitachi, Ltd., Kasado Plant (72) Inventor, Takeyuki Watanabe, 794, Higashi-Toyoi, Kazamatsu, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Ltd.Hitachi, Ltd.Ryoichi Takayama, 794, Higashi-Toyoi, Kudamatsu, Yamaguchi, Japan In the Kasado Factory (72) Inventor Sumio Okuno 502 Kandamachi, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Pref. Machinery Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd. (56) References JP-A-61-25778 (JP, A) JP-A-59-11957 ( JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B61D 17/00-17/08

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A side structure of a vehicle having a window opening, wherein a plurality of extruded members are arranged so that an extruding direction of the extruded members is along a longitudinal direction of a vehicle body. arranged in the width direction of the extrusion-type material, adjacent extrusion is welded butt each end, the window opening, while the press formed of an upper window opening portion
The other extrusion die with the forming die and the lower window opening
Material and the upper window opening and the lower window opening
And the combination of the components to form one window opening.
It consists of welding the butted ends of a pair of extruded profiles.
The side structure of a vehicle that is characterized in that. 2. The side structure of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the one of the extruded sections in which the upper window opening portion of the window opening is formed has an upper end of the upper window opening section larger than an upper end of the extruded section material. The other extruded shape member formed below and having the lower window opening portion of the window opening portion has a lower end of the lower window opening formed above the lower end of the extruded shape member. Vehicle side structure. 3. The side structure of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a joint portion between the two extruded members forming the window opening is:
A side structure of a vehicle, wherein the side opening is formed at an intermediate position between an upper window corner arc and a lower window corner arc of the window opening.