JP3171724U - Electric energy experimental equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

An experiment learning set is provided that is useful when conducting various experiments regarding the generation of electricity and the use of electricity storage. An electric energy experimental apparatus including a hand-driven generator and load means such as a motor, the electric energy experimental device including power storage means including a capacitor for temporarily storing electric energy generated by the hand-driven generator, There is provided a backflow prevention diode that allows electrical energy from the generator to the power storage means to pass therethrough and prevents backflow of electrical energy from the power storage means to the manual generator. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an experimental set capable of conducting various experiments on electric power generation, electric storage, and utilization, and in particular, electric power generated by a hand-driven generator is stored in a capacitor, and a motor is rotated or a lamp is used. It is related with the experiment set which lights up.

  For example, in a school science experiment, etc., to generate electrical energy using a handheld generator and supply the electrical energy to a load such as a miniature light bulb or an electronic buzzer to observe the generation and consumption of the electrical energy An apparatus used for the above has been proposed.

Utility Model Registration No. 3147353

When conducting various experiments on the generation, storage and use of electricity, it is very time consuming to arrange a power generator for power generation, a capacitor for power storage, a motor as a load and a miniature light bulb individually. However, when using materials with different capacities, there was a problem that it was difficult to obtain similar experimental results.
In addition, if a hand-held generator incorporating a DC motor is used to store electricity in the capacitor, the electrical energy accumulated in the capacitor will flow back to the generator even if the generator handle is stopped, and the generator will be connected to the motor. There was also a problem that the handle began to turn.

In addition, the thing of patent document 1 is provided with the hand-powered generator and the power distribution apparatus incorporating several types of load, and is comprised so that an electrical load can be supplied also to an external load.
However, since the power distribution device has a structure in which a plurality of types of loads are built in beforehand, there is a problem that the device becomes large and expensive when used as a teaching material for a school.

An object of the present invention is to provide a set for experimental learning that is convenient when various experiments are performed regarding the generation of electricity and the use of electricity storage.

The present invention according to claim 1
A hand-driven generator with a handle that can be operated by hand and capable of generating DC electrical energy;
An electrical energy experimental apparatus comprising load means that operates by electrical energy supplied from outside,
The manual generator includes a pair of output connection terminals for outputting the generated DC electric energy to the outside,
The load means is
A unit mounting section that can mount multiple types of load units that operate differently;
An input connection terminal connectable to the output connection terminal;
And means for supplying electric energy input from the connection terminal for input to the load unit mounted on the unit mounting portion.
In the device according to claim 2,
The supply means includes
Electric storage means capable of storing electric energy supplied from the outside via an input connection terminal, and electric energy from the hand-driven generator to the power storage means are passed, and electricity from the power storage means to the hand-driven generator is passed. And a backflow prevention diode for preventing backflow of energy.
In the device according to claim 3,
The power storage means uses a capacitor.
In the device according to claim 4,
As the capacitor, an electric double layer capacitor is used.
In the device according to claim 5,
The load unit is incorporated in a block-shaped unit having connection input electrodes.
In the device according to claim 6,
The power storage means is attached to a model automobile-like body frame.
In the device according to claim 7,
The body frame
An input electrode;
Power storage means for storing electrical energy input from the input electrode;
A backflow preventing diode for preventing a backflow of current from the power storage means to the input electrode;
A unit mounting part for mounting the load unit;
Supply means for supplying current from the power storage means to a load unit mounted on the unit mounting portion;
And a switch for switching on / off current supply from the power storage means to the unit mounting portion via the supply means.
In the device according to claim 8,
The front wheel is configured to be switchable to a straight mode, a right rotation mode, and a left rotation mode by changing the mounting position.

According to the electrical energy experimental device of the present invention,
There are hand-held generators for generating electricity, condensers for storing electricity, motors and mini-bulbs as loads, which are necessary when conducting various experiments on electricity generation, storage and use. Therefore, everyone can easily perform the same experiment.
In addition, since the present invention is equipped with a backflow prevention diode, even when conducting an experiment in which the capacitor is stored using a hand-driven generator incorporating a DC motor, the electrical energy accumulated in the capacitor flows back to the generator to generate power. It is possible to prevent the steering wheel from turning as a motor.
Also, the experimental device of the present invention is compact and can be inexpensive.
In this way, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a convenient set for experimental learning when performing various experiments regarding electric power generation, power storage, and utilization.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle body frame used in the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main body of the hand-driven generator. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the entire hand-driven generator. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the motor unit. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a state in which the hand-driven generator is connected to the miniature light bulb unit. FIG. 62 is a perspective view of the electronic buzzer unit and the LED light emitting unit. FIG. 7 is a perspective view in the case of storing electricity by connecting the hand-driven generator to the vehicle body frame. FIG. 8 is a perspective view when the miniature light bulb unit is inserted into the vehicle body frame. FIG. 9 is a perspective view when a wheel or a motor unit is attached to the body frame. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a geared tire.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view in the case of running with the stored electrical energy. FIG. 12 is a plan view for explaining a case where the traveling direction is changed. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the switch. FIG. 14 is a connection circuit diagram around the capacitor.

  A mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the first embodiment.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a body frame of a model automobile integrally molded with resin.
The vehicle body frame 1 has left and right notches 11 and 12 for setting a front wheel shaft, left and right holes 13 for inserting a rear wheel shaft, and a unit mounting for mounting a load unit to be described later. The part 14 is formed of resin.

  The right notch 11 is formed with two notches, a front notch 11a and a rear notch 11b. These cut portions 11a and 11b are formed by cutting the side portions of the vehicle body frame downward. Similarly, front and rear cut portions 12a and 12b are formed in the left cutout portion 12 as well.

An electric double layer capacitor 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as “capacitor 2”) as a power storage means is disposed at the center of the vehicle body frame 1. The capacitor 2 has a terminal of a hand-driven generator described later. Positive and negative input electrodes 16a and 16b are provided.
The connection circuit between the capacitor 2 and the input electrodes 16a and 16b is as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG.
A backflow prevention diode 21 is connected between the input electrodes 16 a and 16 b and the capacitor 2.
The backflow prevention diode 21 is connected, for example, with the direction from the + input electrode 16a to the + pole side of the capacitor 2 as the forward direction.
In this case, the negative pole of the capacitor 2 is connected to the negative input electrode 16b.

  The positive pole of the capacitor 2 is connected to the base of a conductive plate 23 that constitutes the switch 22. The leading end portion of the guide plate 23 is configured to be elastically deformed and projected by the operation of the lever 24. The leading end portion of the conductive plate 23 protrudes toward the unit mounting portion 14, thereby forming a + output electrode 14 a that is in contact with the input electrode of the load unit mounted on the unit mounting portion 14 and is conductive. Further, the negative pole of the capacitor 2 is connected to a negative output electrode 14b that is provided so as to protrude toward the unit mounting portion 14 side.

  Thus, the + output electrode 14a also serves as a part of the switch 22, and by operating the lever 24 of the switch 22 to the ON side, the + output electrode 14a protrudes to the load unit side, It is comprised so that it may be in electrical contact with the electrode of a load unit.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hand-driven generator 3 has a handle 32 attached to a main body 31. The main body 31 includes a speed increasing mechanism 33 using a multi-stage gear and a DC motor having a permanent magnet. The used generator 34 is incorporated.
For example, when the main body 31 is held with one hand and the handle 32 is rotated with the other hand, the shaft of the generator 34 is rotated at a high speed by the speed increasing mechanism 33 to generate direct current.
As shown in FIG. 3, the generated electric energy can be taken out from a pair of output plugs 3 a and 3 b connected to the generator 34.
When the handle 32 is rotated forward, for example, in the clockwise direction, the output plug 3a becomes a + output electrode, and the output plug 3b becomes a -output electrode. In this case, when reversed in the counterclockwise direction, the output plug 3a becomes a negative output electrode and the output plug 3b becomes a positive output electrode.
The main body 31 includes a transparent resin case so that the internal structure of the hand-driven generator can be observed.

There are a plurality of types of load units, each of which contains a different type of load.
Each of the various load units has a shape that can be mounted on the unit mounting portion 14, and the surface thereof is in contact with a pair of positive and negative output electrodes 14 a and 14 b formed on the unit mounting portion 14 to receive a current supply. A pair of positive and negative load input electrodes is provided. Therefore, the load input electrode is disposed at a position corresponding to the output electrodes 14 a and 14 b disposed in the unit mounting portion 14.
In addition to the load input electrode, each load unit also includes a generator direct connection electrode for direct connection with a hand-driven generator.
Examples of the load unit include an electronic buzzer unit, an LED light emitting unit, a miniature light bulb unit, and a motor unit.

The motor unit 4 shown in FIG. 4 includes load input electrodes 42a and 42b and generator direct connection electrodes 4a and 4b as electrodes for input, and also includes a motor 41 therein. When the motor unit 4 is mounted on the unit mounting portion 14, current is supplied from the output electrodes 14a and 14b formed on the unit mounting portion 14 via the load input electrodes 42a and 42b of the motor unit 4, and the switch 22 is turned on. The motor 41 is configured to rotate when turned on.
Alternatively, the motor 41 is rotated by connecting the output plugs 3a, 3b of the hand-driven generator 3 to the generator direct connection electrodes 4a, 4b of the motor unit 4 and turning the handle 32 to generate power. You can also.

The miniature light bulb unit 5 shown in FIG. 5 includes load input electrodes 52a and 52b and generator direct connection electrodes 5a and 5b, and also includes a filament type miniature light bulb 51.
When the power plug 3a, 3b of the hand-driven generator 3 is connected to the generator direct connection electrodes 5a, 5b of the miniature light bulb unit 5, and the handle 32 is turned to generate power, the miniature light bulb 51 of the miniature light bulb unit 5 is used. Lights up.

The power generation function can be tested by changing the speed at which the handle 32 is rotated or by reversing the direction of rotation. Also, it is possible to experiment on the difference in the weight of the handle operation between when the mini bulb 51 is removed from the mini bulb unit 5 and when the mini bulb 51 is attached.
When the miniature light bulb unit 5 is mounted on the unit mounting portion 14 of the body frame 1, current is supplied from the output electrodes 14a and 14b formed on the unit mounting portion 14 via the load input electrodes 52a and 52b, and the switch The miniature light bulb 51 is configured to be lit when 22 is turned on.

The electronic buzzer unit 61 shown in FIG. 6A includes a load input electrode and a generator direct connection electrode and incorporates an electronic buzzer. It is configured to generate a buzzer sound when it is mounted on the unit mounting portion 14 and current is supplied from the load input electrode, or when a power generator is supplied by connecting a handheld generator to the generator direct connection electrode. ing.
The LED light emitting unit 62 shown in FIG. 6B includes a load input electrode and a generator direct connection electrode, and incorporates an LED (light emitting diode) and a current limiting series resistor. The LED is configured to emit light when the unit is mounted on the unit mounting portion 14 and current is supplied from the load input electrode, or when the generator is connected to the generator direct connection electrode. Yes.
Experiment and confirm the difference in operation of the motor unit, miniature light bulb unit, electronic buzzer unit, LED light emitting unit, etc. by changing the speed of turning the handle 32 of the hand-driven generator 3 or reversing the direction of rotation. be able to.

Next, a procedure for conducting a power storage experiment using the body frame 1 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7, when the power plug 3a, 3b of the hand-driven generator 3 is connected to the input electrodes 16a, 16b of the vehicle body frame 1 and the handle 32 is turned to generate power, the generated electric energy is converted into the vehicle body. Power is stored in the capacitor 2 of the frame 1. At this time, the positive and negative of the output plugs 3a and 3b and the positive and negative of the input electrodes 16a and 16b are connected so as to match, and the handle 32 is rotated forward by, for example, about 100 rotations.

When the LED light emitting unit 62 is mounted on the unit mounting portion 14 and the lever 24 is turned on to rotate the handle 32, the LED is lit as the electrical energy stored in the capacitor 2 increases.
Since the backflow prevention diode is provided, even when a sufficient amount of electrical energy is stored in the capacitor 2, it is possible to prevent the current from flowing back from the capacitor 2 to the generator 3 and the handle 32 from rotating freely. The

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the power generator 3 is removed, a load unit, for example, a miniature bulb unit 5 is inserted into the unit mounting portion 14, and the switch is turned on by operating the lever 24. The miniature light bulb 51 is turned on by the stored electrical energy.
In this way, it is possible to conduct an experiment using electricity storage and stored electricity energy.
In addition, it can replace with the said miniature light bulb unit 5, and can experiment similarly even if it inserts other load units, such as the electronic buzzer unit 61. FIG.
The amount of electrical energy stored by changing the number of rotations of the handle 32 can be changed.

  Further, after storing the handle 32 by the same number of turns, the lighting time when the miniature light bulb unit 5 is inserted and the miniature light bulb 51 is turned on and the lighting time when the LED light emitting unit 62 is inserted and the LED is turned on are set. By comparing, the difference in power consumption between the miniature light bulb and the LED can be confirmed.

Next, a procedure for conducting a power storage experiment by attaching a wheel to the body frame 1 to configure a model car will be described.
As shown in FIG. 9, the front and rear axles 71 and 72 are passed through the vehicle body frame 1, tires (small) 73 and 74 are attached to the front axle 71, and the rear axle 72 has the gear shown in FIG. A tire 75 on which 77 is formed and a tire (large) 76 are attached.
Then, the motor unit 4 is inserted into the unit mounting portion 14.
When the pinion gear 43 attached to the motor shaft of the motor unit 4 inserted into the unit mounting portion 14 is set so as to mesh with the gear 77 formed on the geared tire 75, the model car as shown in FIG. 10 is completed.

  When storing electricity, the output plugs 3a and 3b of the hand-driven generator 3 are connected to the input electrodes 16a and 16b of the vehicle body frame 1 as shown in FIG. The capacitor 2 is charged.

Next, when the hand-driven generator 3 is removed and the lever 24 is operated to turn on the switch, the motor rotates, the geared tire 75 rotates, and the model automobile 10 can travel on the floor surface or the like. .
At this time, it is possible to observe the travel change of the model automobile 10 by increasing the amount of rotation of the handle 32 of the hand-driven generator 3 and increasing the electrical energy stored.

  In the above description, an experiment was conducted in which electric energy generated by the hand-driven generator 3 was temporarily stored in the capacitor 2 and the motor was rotated. However, the motor can be directly rotated without being stored in the capacitor 2. In this case, the output plugs 3 a and 3 b of the hand-driven generator 3 are inserted and connected not to the input electrodes 16 a and 16 b of the vehicle body frame 1 but to the generator direct connection electrodes 4 a and 4 b of the motor unit 4. In this case, it is possible to observe the running change of the model automobile 10 by increasing or reversing the rotation speed of the handle 32 of the hand-driven generator 3.

As shown in FIG. 12, when the front wheel shaft is set to the front cut portion 11a on the right side and the rear cut portion 12b is set to the left side, the front wheel shaft is inclined to the left side. When the right side is set in the rear notch 11b and the left side is set in the front notch 12a, the shaft of the front wheel is inclined to the right. If the left and right sides of the front wheel shaft are set in the same way on the front cut portion or the rear cut portion, the front wheel shaft faces the front.
In this way, the traveling direction can be set in three ways: counterclockwise, clockwise, and straight.

As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 13A, the switch 22 is inserted in the unit mounting portion 14 without protruding because the metal plate 23 stands upright when the lever 24 is raised. It is comprised so that it may not contact with the electrode of a load unit. Then, as shown in FIG. 13B, when the lever 24 is turned on, the lower portion of the lever 24 pushes the metal plate 23 so that the metal plate 23 protrudes and is inserted into the unit mounting portion 14. It is comprised so that it may contact with the electrode of another load unit.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Body frame 14 Unit mounting part 2 Capacitor 21 Backflow prevention diode 22 Switch 3 Hand-driven generator 3a Output plug 3b Output plug 4 Motor unit 4a, 4b Generator direct connection electrode 42a, 42b Load input electrode 5 Bean bulb unit 5a, 5b Generator direct connection electrodes 52a, 52b Load input electrode 61 Electronic buzzer unit 62 LED light emitting unit

Claims (8)

A hand-driven generator with a handle that can be operated by hand and capable of generating DC electrical energy;
An electrical energy experimental apparatus comprising load means that operates by electrical energy supplied from outside,
The manual generator includes a pair of output connection terminals for outputting the generated DC electric energy to the outside,
The load means is
A unit mounting section that can mount multiple types of load units that operate differently;
An input connection terminal connectable to the output connection terminal;
An electrical energy experiment apparatus comprising: a supply means for supplying electrical energy input from the input connection terminal to a load unit mounted on the unit mounting portion. The supply means includes
Electric storage means capable of storing electric energy supplied from the outside via an input connection terminal, and electric energy from the hand-driven generator to the power storage means are passed, and electricity from the power storage means to the hand-driven generator is passed. The electrical energy experimental apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a backflow prevention diode for preventing backflow of energy. The electrical energy experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power storage means uses a capacitor. The electric energy experimental apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the capacitor is an electric double layer capacitor. 5. The electric energy experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the load unit is incorporated in a block-shaped unit having a connection input electrode. 6. The electric energy experiment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power storage means is attached to a body frame of a model automobile. The body frame
An input electrode;
Power storage means for storing electrical energy input from the input electrode;
A backflow preventing diode for preventing a backflow of current from the power storage means to the input electrode;
A unit mounting part for mounting the load unit;
Supply means for supplying current from the power storage means to a load unit mounted on the unit mounting portion;
A switch for switching on and off the supply of current from the power storage means to the unit mounting portion via the supply means;
The electrical energy experimental device according to claim 6, comprising: The electric energy according to any one of claims 6 to 7, wherein the front wheel is configured to be switchable between a straight traveling mode, a right rotation mode, and a left rotation mode by changing a mounting position. Experimental device.

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