JP3171337B1 - Global warming monitoring offshore platform - Google Patents

Abstract

[Summary] [Problem] There is no offshore platform that can monitor global warming substances by performing fixed-point observations in high-latitude sea areas where sea conditions are severe. SOLUTION: A mooring buoy installed in a predetermined sea area and having an upper part protruding from the sea surface and a platform P having a floating structure floating on the sea are provided independently, and the platform P and the mooring buoy are connected so as to be separable. Further, a wave power generation system is provided on the platform P, and the wave power generation air chamber 2 of the wave power generation system is formed by forming the outer shell of the platform body 1 into a double shell structure. A generator is provided for generating electricity by the airflow generated by the above. A column 14 is provided below the center of the platform main body 1 and a horizontal stabilizer 15 is provided below.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an offshore platform for fixed-point observation of a material environment related to global warming on the sea.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, research on prediction of climate change and the like has been advanced. In research on the circulation of global warming substances, the circulation of global warming substances in the ocean has been quantitatively studied. It is considered important to understand. However, at present, observations are made by ships, and there is a lack of long-term accumulation of time-series data. In particular, data from long-term continuous observations in the waters of the northern North Pacific, where the material cycle is active and winter storms are continuing, are missing.

[0003] In the current on-board observation, the sampling of seawater samples is manually performed, and a water sampler is suspended from a ship by a crane to collect water, or a single hose is unwound / rewinded. Seawater samples of various depths are collected by raising and lowering the position of the tip. In the case of this hose sampling, if the pump is mounted on the ship, the seawater in the hose becomes a negative pressure, and the dissolved gas may escape as bubbles.

[0004] As an example of this type of observation intended to be performed at a fixed point with a mooring buoy, there is a floating marine station described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-4037. However, in this marine station, the mooring buoy is below the sea surface, and the pulling force directly acts on the columnar buoy, which is the marine station, due to the tension generated in the mooring line when an external mooring force acts, and the draft changes greatly. The buoy may be submerged. Further, since the connection between the columnar buoy main body and the mooring buoy is a mooring rope, there is a possibility that both may come into contact with each other.

[0005] Another prior art is disclosed in
No. 52233, a wave power buoy described in
Although there is a wave power generation device described in Japanese Patent No. 80733, in these conventional technologies, the buoy body is usually moored directly, and therefore, when collecting the buoy, the mooring line is also collected together. This is a large-scale method that enables long-term sampling and data storage as in the present invention.
In addition, when mooring in the deep sea for a long period, the diameter of the mooring line becomes large and the weight becomes heavy. Is required.

[0006] Furthermore, the material cycle to be observed is in the field of marine chemistry, and the observation is performed by an analyzer. In addition, it is necessary to observe substances that are difficult to automate unmannedly with the existing technology, and since these are analyzed at land-based research facilities, it is also necessary to install an automatic seawater sample collection and storage device. In order to operate such an observation (analysis) device or a cryopreservation device, a power supply system having a power generation function for a long period of time is required. Moreover, mounting such a device necessarily requires a large internal volume of the platform, which is difficult with the above-mentioned prior art.

[0007] Therefore, there is a long-awaited need for the development of an offshore platform capable of monitoring global warming substances by performing fixed point observation in a high-latitude sea area where sea conditions are severe without such problems.

[0008]

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a mooring buoy which is installed in a predetermined sea area and whose upper part projects from the sea surface, and a platform having a floating structure floating on the ocean. And the platform and the mooring buoy are separably connected, and the platform
The column is provided downward from the central portion of the platform body of Omu, provided horizontal stabilizer plate at the bottom of the column, further
The platform is provided with a wave power generation system , and the wave power generation system communicates the wave power generation air chamber in which the outer shell of the platform body is formed in a double shell structure with the air chamber and the sea. Converts the air flow generated by the communication hole and the wave energy of the seawater in the air chamber into rotational energy
And a wave power generator for generating electric power. The wave power generator is provided at the upper center of the platform body.

[0009] Wave power can be generated by the air flow generated in the air chamber formed by the outer shell of the floating body while suppressing the sway by the horizontal stabilizer. It can be observed automatically. Even when the platform needs to be inspected, only the platform can be separated from the mooring buoy and towed for maintenance.

[0010] In addition, water is sampled from a plurality of depth layers.
Dedicated pipes are provided for each depth, bundled and combined
One water sampling hose with a structure
The Rukoto be suspended or launch and recovery can be configured from the end, it is always stable water sampling from the same depth layer. And this water sampling
The hose is configured to be able to hang down and lift from the bottom of the column
Therefore, recovery and towing of the platform can be easily performed.

[0011]

[0012] Furthermore, for substances that are difficult to perform unattended automatic observation with the existing technology, analysis can be performed at a later onshore research facility at a later date by providing an automatic sampling and freezing storage device to freeze and store a seawater sample. . Also in this case, electric power of the refrigeration storage device requiring a large amount of power can be supplied by wave power generation.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall side view of an offshore platform showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of the offshore platform shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows a main part of the offshore platform. It is an enlarged cross-sectional view. FIG. 4 is a side view of the offshore platform and the mooring buoy, and FIG. 5 is a side view showing the entire mooring buoy and the mooring state of the offshore platform. This platform is to be moored for a long time in the deep sea and used for fixed point observation. The mooring system is a mooring buoy with one point catenary mooring and is an independent system.

As shown in FIG. 1, a platform P is provided with a platform body 1 having a floating body having a spherical floating body structure.
It is formed in a spherical shape in order to increase the absorption efficiency of wave energy, and reduces tidal power and wave power so as to reduce wave sway. The volume of the air chamber 2 is increased by forming the outer periphery of the spherical floating body as a double shell and defining the space as an air chamber 2 (a section for converting the vertical movement of the sea surface into an air flow). The platform body 1 has a buoyancy such that the waterline W is located at the central portion (maximum diameter portion) of the sphere. Further, the outer periphery of the platform body 1 has a double shell structure as a protective measure against a collision near the sea surface. 2a is a communication hole between the air chamber 2 and the sea. In this embodiment, the platform body 1 is formed with a diameter of 12 m.

As shown in FIG. 2, the inside of the platform body 1 is divided into upper and lower three layers. In the upper space X, a wave power generator 3, a diesel generator 4 as a standby generator, and a storage rack 6 for a water sampling hose 5 (see FIG. 4 described later) are arranged. An entrance for the inside and outside of the platform body 1 is also provided in this space. The intermediate space Y is configured as a measurement room,
The observation device 7, the seawater sample cryopreservation device 8, and other control devices are centrally arranged. The central part in the vertical direction of the intermediate space Y is a draft surface. The intermediate space Y is provided with a measurement gas container 9 and a utility space 10. The lower space Z is a storage battery room in which a storage battery 11 for storing electric power by wave power generation is provided.

As a power supply system provided in the platform P, a wave power generator 3 as a main generator is used as a main power source, and a diesel generator as a standby generator is mounted. I have. As a result,
The power consumption of the automatic measuring device 7 for chemical components in seawater and the seawater sample freezing and preserving device 8 is ensured.

The wave power generator 3 collects the flow of air generated by the sea surface in the air chamber 2 which moves up and down by the wave energy into the air supply / exhaust pipe 13 provided at the upper center of the platform body 1 and the turbine 12 ( A turbine called a "Wells turbine" is a turbine that drives a turbine that rotates in the same direction even in a two-way flow, converts it into rotational energy, and generates power. Except for the mild summer on the sea surface, the wave generator 3 has the ability to supply power only in the three seasons from autumn to spring. This is a wave power generation system.

The surplus power is stored in the storage battery 11 and is supplied from the storage battery 11 when the wave power generation is insufficient and the power from the generator 3 is insufficient. When the amount of wave power generation becomes insufficient in summer or the like and the remaining capacity of the storage battery 11 becomes small, power is supplied by the spare diesel generator 4.

On the other hand, one column 14 is provided below the center of the platform main body 1, and a horizontal stabilizer 15 having an area substantially equal to the area of the water line is provided at the lower end of the column 14. By providing the horizontal stabilizer 15, the vertical movement of the platform P due to waves is reduced. This horizontal stabilizer 15 is provided 24 m below the sea level.

The diagram shown in FIG. 6 shows the wave energy absorption performance depending on the presence or absence of the horizontal stabilizer. The solid line a in the case where the horizontal stabilizer 15 is provided is the solid line a in the case where the horizontal stabilizer 15 is not provided. It can be seen that the wave energy absorption performance is improved over a wide wave cycle as compared with the broken line b. As described above, by reducing the vertical movement of the platform P, the vertical movement of the sea surface in the air chamber 2 described above is increased,
By increasing the amount of air flowing through the turbine 12, the efficiency of absorbing wave energy is improved.

In the water sampling system provided on the platform P, a dedicated pipe is provided for each water sampling depth, and a single water sampling hose 5 of a composite structure obtained by bundling the pipes is provided, and is 300 m, 200 m, and 150 m below sea level. , 100m and 50m in depth. In addition, 20m below sea level,
Water is collected directly from the platform for three layers of 0 m and 5 m. Therefore, it is not necessary to raise and lower the water sampling hose 5 during observation from a depth of all eight layers. Further, a water sampling pump (not shown) is also dedicated to each depth, and is arranged at the lower end inside the column 14 (around 20 m below sea level). This minimizes the negative pressure of the seawater in the water sampling hose 5. In addition, since the pump is arranged in the column 14,
When maintenance is required, it can be done by diving in a column that is not affected by the flow or the waves. This water sampling hose 5
Can be collected in the storage rack 6 in the platform P described above, and the maintenance of the water sampling hose can be performed in the platform P even in the installed open sea. Moreover, by collecting the water sampling hose 5 in the platform P in this way, it is possible to avoid damage due to the seabed contact of the hose 5 in the coastal area when the platform P circulates.

Further, a mast 16 is disposed above the central portion of the platform body 1 and an air intake 17 is provided at an upper end of the mast 16. Since it is necessary to avoid mixing of sea salt particles when sampling the air from the mast 16, an air intake 17 is provided at a height of 30 m above the sea surface. Further, the position of the weather observation device 18 is also arranged at a high place which is not affected by waves. Since the mast 16 can be lowered into the column 14, the work can be performed on a scaffold on the roof of the platform P when performing maintenance of the air intake port 17, the weather observation device 18, and the like. 16a is a support cord of the mast 16.

4 and 5 show the relationship between the above-mentioned offshore platform and the mooring buoy. As shown in FIG. 4, a mooring buoy B is provided independently of the above-mentioned platform P, and the mooring buoy B and the platform P are connected by a wire structure 19 (for example, a rubber-coated chain) having bending rigidity. Are linked. A connector 20 is provided in the middle of the wire structure 19, and the mooring buoy B and the platform P are configured to be separable by a fitting function of the connector 20.

As described above, the mooring system for holding the offshore platform P at a fixed point is provided by independently providing the mooring system and the platform P and connecting them, thereby leaving the mooring system such as the mooring buoy B at the site. Only the platform P can be collected.

According to the present invention, the excess buoyancy of the mooring buoy is calculated based on the total weight of the mooring line on the seabed (the mooring line and the anchor on the seabed).
(Or the total underwater weight of the sinker)), and the pulling force acting on the platform body 1 is minimized. This prevents the platform body 1 from being submerged.

The mooring buoy B and the platform P are connected to each other by the rubber-coated chain 19 to prevent the two from approaching each other. As shown in FIG. 5
Is prevented from becoming entangled with the mooring line L. In other words, due to the bending rigidity of the rubber-coated chain 19, a function of preventing the rising portion of the mooring line L and the water sampling hose 5 from getting close to each other is exerted.

The structure of the mooring line consists of a chain 21 at the upper end (immediately below the mooring buoy) and a lower end (on the seabed), a resin-coated wire rope 22 (or a synthetic fiber rope), and a Danforth anchor 23 as an anchor. Is used.

As described above, since the mooring system is independent and the platform P is moored (connected) to the surface mooring buoy B, the platform P requires maintenance at the base port due to a failure in the mounting system. In this case, it is easy to bring back only the platform P separated from the connector 20 for inspection and maintenance. This means that once installed, the mooring system, which is extremely difficult to recover and reuse and re-install, remains at the observation site from the viewpoint of offshore construction, and only the platform P is brought back for inspection and maintenance before returning to the local sea area. Operation such as towing and connection to a mooring system is possible, and the cost required for inspection and maintenance can be greatly reduced.

With the offshore platform P equipped with the above system for collecting and storing air and seawater samples, fixed-point observation of global warming substances can be performed unmannedly and stably for a long period of time.

[0030]

The present invention is embodied in the form described above and has the following effects.

In the deep stormy sea area, it becomes possible to observe the circulation of global warming substances at fixed points for a long time while self-supplying power by wave power generation, and it is necessary for research to clarify and predict climate change etc. Important data that can be stored.

Further, since only the platform can be separated from the mooring buoy for maintenance and inspection, it is possible to reduce costs required for maintenance and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of an offshore platform showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a main part of the offshore platform shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the offshore platform shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the offshore platform and mooring buoy shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing the entire mooring buoy shown in FIG. 1 and a mooring state of an offshore platform.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing wave energy absorption performance depending on the presence or absence of a horizontal stable disk.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Platform body 2 ... Air chamber 3 ... Wave power generator 4 ... Diesel generator 5 ... Sampling hose 6 ... Storage rack 7 ... Observation device 8 ... Seawater sample refrigeration storage device 9 ... Measurement gas container 10 ... Utility space 11 ... Storage battery 12 ... Turbine 13 ... Transmission / exhaust pipe 14 ... Column 15 ... Horizontal stabilizer 16 ... Mast 17 ... Intake port 18 ... Meteorological observation device 19 ... Wire structure (rubber coated chain) 20 ... Connector 21 ... Chain 22 ... Resin coating Type wire rope (or synthetic fiber rope) 23 ... Danforth anchor X ... Upper space Y ... Intermediate space Z ... Lower space B ... Mooring buoy L ... Mooring line P ... Offshore platform

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masashi Kusakabe 2-15 Natsushimacho, Yokosuka City, Kanagawa Prefecture Within the Marine Science and Technology Center (56) References JP-A-54-105630 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B63B 35/44

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A mooring buoy which is installed in a predetermined sea area and whose upper part projects from the sea surface, and a platform having a floating structure floating on the sea are provided independently, and the platform and the mooring buoy are connected so as to be separable, A column provided below the center of the platform body of the platform ;
A horizontal stabilizer is provided at the lower part of the column , and a wave power generation system is further provided on the platform. The wave power generation system has a wave formed by forming the outer shell of the platform body into a double shell structure. An air chamber for power generation, a communication hole communicating the air chamber with the sea, and a wave power generator for converting an air flow generated by wave energy of seawater in the air chamber into rotational energy to generate power, and wave power generator was only set at the top center of the platform body global warming monitoring offshore platforms. 2. A dedicated pipe is provided for each water sampling depth so as to collect water from a plurality of depth layers, and the pipes are bundled to form a single water sampling hose having a composite structure, and the water sampling hose is suspended from the lower end of the column. 2. The global warming monitoring offshore platform according to claim 1, wherein the platform is configured to be able to be recovered. 3. The global warming monitoring offshore platform according to claim 1, further comprising a cryopreservation device for cryopreserving the collected seawater.