JP3165299U - Ball extractor - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a ball extractor that prevents a neck portion of a femoral component from being damaged and prevents a decrease in workability and operability even when an incision range is reduced. A support member (11) has a portion (22) that fits into a mounting hole (103c) of a femoral component (103) to which an end of a surgical instrument for setting operation is mounted, and swings with respect to the femoral component (103). Supported as possible. The biasing member 12 is rotatably or swingably supported with respect to the support member 11, is capable of abutting on the headcap ball 104, and biases the headcap ball 104 in a direction to pull out from the femoral component 103. The urging member 12 includes an abutting portion 24 that abuts against the head ball 104 on the end surface 104b of the head ball 104 and is biased, and a surgical instrument for driving operation on the opposite side of the abutting portion 24 via a fulcrum. And a driving portion 25 to which an impact force generated by performing the driving operation is applied. [Selection diagram] FIG.

Description

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used when removing the femoral head ball of the artificial hip joint that is fitted to the distal end side of the neck portion that protrudes from the femur in the femoral component of the artificial hip joint that is inserted into the medullary cavity of the femur. It relates to a ball remover.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an operation for replacing a part or all of a hip joint with an artificial hip joint has been performed on a patient with an abnormality in the hip joint, such as an artificial hip joint replacement. The artificial hip joint is provided with a femoral component to be inserted into the medullary cavity of the femur and a ball-like bone head ball that fits on the distal end side of the neck portion of the femoral component.

  Further, after the hip replacement for replacing the hip joint with the above-described hip joint, it may be necessary to replace the hip joint with a new head ball or to correct the position of the head ball. In such a case, the operation is performed again, and only the head ball fitted to the distal end side of the neck portion that protrudes from the femur in the femoral component inserted in the medullary cavity of the femur is extracted. Work will be done. As a ball extractor used for such a bone head ball extraction operation, one disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known.

  The ball extractor disclosed in Patent Literature 1 includes a bone head remover base and a bone head remover. The femoral head device base is provided as a member having a U-shaped notch and having one surface formed as a tapered surface. The femoral head table is inserted into the neck portion of the femoral component at the U-shaped notch, and is supported in contact with the neck portion of the femoral component. On the other hand, in the bone head remover, a tapered surface that is in contact with the taper surface of the bone head remover base is formed, and a portion provided with a U-shaped notch and a portion provided with this notch are integrated. A flat rod-shaped handle that is formed and extends straight in series is provided. Then, the bone head remover is inserted into the neck portion of the femoral component at the U-shaped notch, and is operated so as to slide on the taper surface with respect to the bone head remover base.

  When performing the operation of extracting the head ball with the ball extractor disclosed in Patent Document 1, first, the head head remover base is installed on the neck portion of the femoral component. Then, the operator who performs the ball removal operation overlaps the taper surface of the bone head remover with the taper surface of the bone head remover table, and performs a driving operation with a surgical instrument such as a hammer on the bone head remover held by the handle. By doing so, the head remover is slid against the head remover table. As a result, the urging force in the direction of removing the head ball from the neck portion of the femoral component acts on the head ball by the relative sliding movement of the tapered surfaces, and the head ball is removed.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-9520

  In the case of the ball extractor disclosed in Patent Document 1, the head demounter is removed via the taper surface in a state where the head remover base is supported in direct contact with the neck portion of the femoral component at the notch. An impact force is applied to the bone head remover in contact with the table by a driving operation using a surgical instrument such as a hammer. For this reason, there exists a possibility of damaging the neck part of a femoral component. If the neck portion of the femoral component is damaged, there is a risk that the strength of the femoral component may be reduced or the fitting of the head ball may be poor.

  Further, in the case of the ball extractor disclosed in Patent Document 1, the handle of the bone head remover is provided as a flat rod-like portion that extends straight in series with respect to the portion provided with the notch inserted into the neck portion. It has been. For this reason, when the taper surfaces are overlapped and the head decapitator slides with respect to the head demounter table, the direction of the handle of the head demounter is substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the neck portion of the femoral component extends. It will be in the state which protruded greatly along. Therefore, a large incision range is required in order to prevent deterioration in workability and operability during surgery. On the other hand, if the incision range is suppressed to a small size during surgery, the operation will be performed in a limited surgical field with a narrow incision range, leading to deterioration in workability and operability. become.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can prevent the neck portion of the femoral component from being damaged, and can prevent the workability and the operability from being deteriorated even when the incision range is suppressed to be small. An object of the present invention is to provide a ball extractor that can be used.

  A ball extractor according to the first device for achieving the above object is fitted to the distal end side of a neck portion which is arranged to protrude from a femur in a femoral component of a hip prosthesis inserted in a medullary cavity of a femur. The present invention relates to a ball extractor for use in extracting a bone head ball of an artificial hip joint. The ball extractor according to the first device is provided in an attachment hole formed in the femoral component as a hole to which an end portion of the surgical instrument for installation operation used when the femoral component is installed on the femur. And a support member that is supported so as to be swingable with respect to the femoral component, and that is supported so as to be rotatable or swingable with respect to the support member and that contacts the head ball. A biasing member that is capable of contacting and biasing the head ball in a direction in which the ball is removed from the femoral component. Further, in the ball extractor according to the first device, the biasing member includes a flat end surface of the bone head ball and a curved surface constricted toward the end surface around the end surface of the bone head ball. At least one of the contact portion that contacts and biases the head ball, and the side opposite to the contact portion via a fulcrum when the support member is rotatably or swingably supported by the support member And a driving portion to which an impact force generated by a driving operation performed by a surgical instrument for driving operation is applied.

  According to this device, the support member is brought into direct contact with the surface of the neck portion by using the mounting hole formed in the femoral component to which the end of the surgical instrument for installation operation is attached when the femoral component is installed. Can be supported against the femoral component without support. The biasing member is supported so as to be rotatable or swingable with respect to the support member supported to be swingable with respect to the femoral component. Further, an impact force from the surgical instrument for driving operation is applied to the driving portion of the urging member, so that the abutting portion on the opposite side to the driving portion via the fulcrum is the end surface of the head ball, etc. The head is brought into contact with and urges the head ball in the removal direction. Thereby, the bone head ball is removed. Therefore, the operation of removing the head ball is performed without damaging the neck portion of the femoral component. Further, since the ball extractor is compactly constituted by a support member supported by the mounting hole of the femoral component and an urging member supported rotatably or swingable by the support member, the ball extractor Can be greatly reduced in size. For this reason, even if it is a case where the incision range is restrained small, the fall of workability | operativity and operativity can be prevented.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the neck portion of the femoral component from being damaged, and even when the incision range is suppressed to be small, it is possible to prevent deterioration in workability and operability. Can be provided.

  A ball extractor according to a second device is the ball extractor according to the first device, wherein a portion of the support member that fits into the mounting hole is provided as a spherical portion that constitutes a part of a sphere. It is characterized by being slidably fitted into the hole.

  According to this device, the portion of the support member that fits into the mounting hole is provided as a spherical portion that is slidable with respect to the mounting hole. A structure that can be supported can be realized with a simple configuration.

  A ball extractor according to a third device is the ball extractor of the first device or the second device, wherein the contact portion has a bifurcated portion extending in parallel, and the bifurcated shape when contacting the head ball. These portions are arranged on both sides of the neck portion.

  According to this device, the contact portion is configured to have a bifurcated portion that is disposed on both sides of the neck portion and contacts the head ball. For this reason, the contact portion can act by dispersing the impact force from the surgical instrument for driving operation on both sides of the portion of the bone head ball that is fitted to the neck portion. As a result, the head ball can be urged so that the above-described impact force can be efficiently applied in the direction in which the head ball is removed.

  A ball extractor according to a fourth device is the ball extractor according to any one of the first device to the third device, wherein the biasing member is rotatable or swingable with respect to the support member via a hinge portion. It is connected to.

  According to this device, since the urging member is connected to the support member via the hinge portion so as to be rotatable or swingable, the support member and the urging member are separately installed separately during the operation. There is no need. For this reason, the workability | operativity and operativity in ball extraction work can be improved further.

  A ball extractor according to a fifth device is the ball extractor according to any one of the first device to the third device, wherein the support member and the biasing member are provided as separate members, and the biasing member Is provided with a step portion recessed in a step shape, and the urging member is in contact with the end portion of the support member in a state where the end portion of the support member is slidably contacted with the step portion. It is supported to be rotatable or swingable.

  According to this device, the urging member can be rotatably or swingably supported with respect to the support member by causing the end of the support member to slidably contact the stepped portion of the urging member. For this reason, in the supporting member and the urging member configured as separated separate members, the urging member is supported by the supporting member so as to be rotatable or swingable with a simple structure in which a step is provided on the urging member. Can be realized.

  A ball extractor according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the ball extractor according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the contact portion is made of a resin material in a portion that contacts the neck portion of the femoral component. It is characterized by being equipped with a protected protector.

  According to this device, since the protector made of resin is attached to a portion of the contact portion that contacts the neck portion, the surface of the neck portion can be reliably protected from the contact portion.

  A ball extractor according to a seventh device is the ball extractor according to any one of the first device to the sixth device, provided as a rod-shaped member, and the end on the tip side with respect to the recessed hole formed in the driving portion. A driving rod member is further provided that fits in a slidable manner and is applied with an impact force from the surgical instrument for driving operation at the opposite end.

  According to this device, the impact force from the surgical instrument for driving operation is applied to the driving portion of the biasing member via the driving bar member in which the end portion on the tip side is slidably fitted into the recess hole in the driving portion. Can be transmitted easily and efficiently. Further, the workability and the operability in the ball removing operation can be further improved with a simple configuration in which a concave hole is formed in the biasing member and a rod-shaped member is further provided. The driving rod member protrudes along a direction substantially orthogonal to the direction in which the neck portion of the femoral component extends because the end portion on the distal end side is swingably fitted into the recessed hole of the biasing member. It will not be in the state. For this reason, even if it is a case where the incision range is suppressed small, workability and operativity are not reduced.

  A ball extractor according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the ball extractor according to any one of the first to seventh aspects of the invention, wherein the contact portion is formed with a curved outer shape at the end on the tip side. And

  According to this device, since the end on the tip side of the contact portion is formed in a curved shape, when the impacting force is applied to the driving portion and the urging member rotates or swings, the tip of the contact portion It is possible to suppress the side end from engaging with the end face of the head ball or the like. For this reason, the workability | operativity and operativity in ball extraction work can be improved further.

  A ball extractor according to a ninth invention is the ball extractor according to any one of the first to eighth inventions, wherein the contact portion has a shape of a surface that contacts the head ball from the fulcrum side to the tip side. It is formed as a curved surface that curves.

  According to this device, since the shape of the surface that contacts the head ball in the contact portion is formed as a curved surface that curves from the fulcrum side to the distal end side, an impact force is applied to the driving portion to rotate or bias the member. When swinging, it is possible to smoothly transmit the impact force from the contact portion to the bone head ball. For this reason, when a biasing member rotates or rocks | fluctuates, it can suppress that a contact part engages so that it may catch on the end surface etc. of a head ball. Thereby, the further improvement of workability | operativity and operativity in a ball removal operation | work can be aimed at.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a ball extractor that can prevent the neck portion of the femoral component from being damaged, and that can prevent deterioration in workability and operability even when the incision range is suppressed to be small. Can be provided.

It is sectional drawing shown with a part of femur and pelvis typically shown about an artificial hip joint. It is a perspective view which shows the ball | bowl extractor which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the ball | bowl extractor shown in FIG. It is a side view of the ball | bowl extractor shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the action | operation of the ball | bowl extractor shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the action | operation of the ball | bowl extractor shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the ball | bowl extractor which concerns on a modification. It is a perspective view which shows the ball | bowl extractor which concerns on a modification.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used when removing the femoral head ball of the artificial hip joint that is fitted to the distal end side of the neck portion that protrudes from the femur in the femoral component of the artificial hip joint that is inserted into the medullary cavity of the femur. As a ball remover, it can be widely applied.

  In describing the ball extractor of the present embodiment, first, an artificial hip joint to which the ball extractor is applied will be described. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an artificial hip joint 100 together with a part of a femur 101 and a pelvis 102 schematically shown. As shown in FIG. 1, the artificial hip joint 100 includes a femoral component 103, a head ball 104, and a cup 105. In FIG. 1, the femoral component 03 has an outer shape, not a cross section.

  The femoral component 103 is formed as an axial member. For example, the femoral component 103 is configured as a component for the femur that is inserted into the medullary cavity portion 101 a of the femur 101 and fixed. A neck portion 103 a that protrudes from the femur 101 is provided at the end of the femoral component 103 opposite to the side inserted into the femur 101. The neck portion 103a is provided with a tapered portion 103b having, on its side surface, a tapered surface that is formed obliquely with respect to an axial direction that is a direction extending and extending from the femur 101, for example. In addition, the taper surface in the taper part 103b is comprised as a curved surface which comprises a part of conical curved surface.

  The head ball 104 is arranged as a component that is disposed on the acetabulum (hip mill) 102a side of the pelvis 102 and formed in a ball shape. The bone head ball 104 is provided with a fitting hole 104a having an opening. The femoral head ball 104 is fixed to the femoral component 103 by fitting to the distal end side of the neck portion 103a of the femoral component 103 in the fitting hole 104a. The inner periphery of the fitting hole 104a is provided as a tapered surface formed obliquely with respect to the axial direction of the neck portion 103a, for example. The tapered surface of the fitting hole 104a is configured as a curved surface constituting a part of a conical curved surface corresponding to the tapered surface of the tapered portion 103b of the neck portion 103a. Thereby, the head ball 104 is fixed to the neck portion 103a by fitting the tapered surfaces.

  The cup 105 is arranged on the acetabulum 102a of the pelvis 102, and is arranged so that the head ball 104 slides, and is configured as a two-layered component having a shell 105a and a liner 105b. The shell 105a is provided as a hemispherical member attached to the acetabulum 105a. The liner 105b is provided as a hemispherical shell-like member having a smaller diameter than the shell 105a, and is attached to the inner side of the shell 105a. Then, the spherical portion of the outer shape of the bone head ball 104 is arranged to slide with respect to the inside of the liner 105b.

  Next, a ball extractor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG.2 and FIG.3 is a perspective view which shows the ball | bowl extractor 1 which concerns on this embodiment. FIG. 4 is a side view of the ball extractor 1. FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the operation of the ball extractor 1 and shows a state in which the ball extractor 1 is installed on the femoral component 103 and the head ball 104.

  The ball extractor 1 shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 includes a femoral head that is fitted to the distal end side of a neck portion 103a that protrudes from the femur 101 in the femoral component 103 that is inserted into the medullary cavity portion 101a of the femur 101. The surgical instrument is used when the ball 104 is removed from the neck portion 103a. The ball extractor 1 includes a support member 11, an urging member 12, a driving rod member 13, and a hinge pin 14. 2 and 3, the driving rod member 13 is not shown. 2A and 2B respectively show perspective views of the support member 11 and the biasing member 12 viewed from different angles. Similarly, FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B also show perspective views of the support member 11 and the urging member 12 viewed from different angles, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the support member 11 includes a main body portion 21, a mounting hole fitting portion 22, and a protector 23. The main body portion 21 is provided in a thin block shape, and at one end thereof, a pair of connecting portions connected to the urging member 12 is formed by penetrating the hinge holes 21a and extending in a short bifurcated shape. (21b, 21b) are provided. The main body 21 is formed of a metal material such as titanium alloy, cobalt chrome alloy, stainless steel, or the like, which has been approved as a medical device material, together with a mounting hole fitting portion 22 described later.

  The mounting hole fitting portion 22 is provided at an end portion of the main body portion 21 and is formed integrally with the main body portion 21. The attachment hole fitting portion 22 is provided as a portion that fits into the attachment hole 103c formed in the shoulder portion that is the root portion from which the neck portion 103a of the femoral component 103 protrudes (see FIG. 5). . The attachment hole 103c is formed in the shoulder portion of the femoral component 103 as a hole for attaching an end portion of a surgical instrument for installation operation (not shown) used when the femoral component 103 is installed on the femur 101. ing.

  Moreover, the attachment hole fitting part 22 which is a part fitted in the attachment hole 103c is provided as a spherical part which comprises a part of spherical body. And the attachment hole fitting part 22 is comprised so that it may fit slidably with respect to the attachment hole 103c. As a result, the support member 11 is configured to be swingably supported with respect to the femoral component 103 at the attachment hole fitting portion 22.

  The protector 23 is provided as a flat plate or sheet member made of a resin material, and is fixed to the main body 21. And this protector 23 is being fixed to the surface facing the neck part 103a in the main-body part 21 in the state in which the support member 11 was installed with respect to the femoral component 103 in the attachment hole fitting part 22. FIG.

  When the protector 23 is attached to the main body 21, when the operator installs the support member 11 with respect to the femoral component 103 or operates the ball extractor 1, the main body 21 is in the neck portion 103 a. Therefore, the neck portion 103a can be protected from the main body 21.

  Examples of the resin of the protector 23 include POM (polyacetal, polyoxymethylene), PPS (polyphenylenesulfide), PES (polyethersulfone), PPSU (polysulfide), which have small dimensional changes due to autoclave sterilization. For example, phenylsulfone or polyphenylenesulphone can be used.

  The urging member 12 shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 is rotatably or swingably supported with respect to the support member 11, can abut against the head ball 104, and removes the head ball 104 from the femoral component 103. It is provided as a member that biases the head ball 104 in the direction, that is, the direction in which the head ball 104 is separated from the femoral component 103 along the axial direction of the neck portion 103a. The biasing member 12 is provided with a contact portion 24, a driving portion 25, protectors (26a, 26b), and the like. The contact portion 24 and the driving portion 25 are formed of a metal material such as a titanium alloy, a cobalt chromium alloy, or stainless steel that has been approved as a medical device material.

  The urging member 12 is connected to the support member 11 via a hinge portion constituted by a hinge pin 14 so as to be rotatable or swingable. The hinge pin 14 is provided as a cylindrical pin member. The hinge pin 14 is made of a metal material such as a titanium alloy, a cobalt chromium alloy, or stainless steel that has been approved as a material for a medical device.

  In addition, the biasing member 12 is provided at a contact portion 24 described later, and is disposed between the pair of connection portions (21b, 21b) in the support member 11 and is opposed to the pair of connection portions (21b, 21b). A connecting portion 24d on the side of the urging member 12 to be connected is provided. A hinge hole (not shown) through which the hinge pin 14 is disposed is formed in the connecting portion 24d. The hinge pin 14 includes a pair of hinge holes (21a, 21a) in the support member 11 and It arrange | positions so that the hole for hinges in the urging | biasing member 12 arrange | positioned between a pair of hinge holes (21a, 21a) may be penetrated. Thereby, the urging member 12 is connected to the support member 11 so as to be rotatable or swingable.

  The abutting portion 24 of the urging member 12 is provided as a portion that abuts and urges the bone head ball 104 on a flat end surface 104 b of the bone head ball 104. The contact portion 24 is formed in a thin block shape and is integrally provided with a connecting portion 24d connected to the support member 11, and protrudes in parallel from the block-like portion. Extending bifurcated portions (24a, 24a). Further, the abutting portion 24 is configured such that the bifurcated portions (24 a, 24 a) are disposed on both sides of the neck portion 103 a of the femoral component 103 when abutting the bone head ball 104.

  In the present embodiment, the contact portion 24 is in contact with the bone head ball 104 at the end face 104b, but this need not be the case. The abutting portion 24 abuts against the head ball 104 at least one of an end surface 104b of the head ball 104 and a curved surface that is narrowed toward the end surface 104b around the end surface 104b of the head ball 104. What is necessary is just to be comprised so that it may force.

  Further, the abutting portion 24 is provided with tip curved surface portions (24b, 24b) at the tip side end portions of the bifurcated portions (24a, 24a), respectively. The tip curved surface portions (24b, 24b) are formed to have a curved outer shape, for example, a curved surface having a circular cross section.

  Further, the shape of the surface of the abutment portion 24 that abuts on the bone head ball 104 is curved from the fulcrum side to the distal end side when the biasing member 12 is rotatably or swingably supported with respect to the support member 11. It is formed as a curved surface 24c. The curved surface 24c is formed, for example, as a surface whose cross section is curved in an arc shape. In this embodiment, the fulcrum when the urging member 12 is supported to be rotatable or swingable with respect to the support member 11 is configured as the central axis of the hinge pin 14.

  Moreover, the protector (26a, 26b) comprised with the resin material is attached to the contact part 24 in the part which contacts the neck part 103a of the femoral component 103. FIG.

  The protector 26 a is provided as a curved plate-like or sheet-like member, and is fixed to the contact portion 24. The protector 26a is provided on a surface of the contact portion 24 facing the neck portion 103a and the shoulder portion of the femoral component 103 in a state where the ball extractor 1 is installed on the femoral component 103 and the head ball 104. It is fixed.

  The protector 26 b is provided as a curved plate-like or sheet-like member, and is fixed to the contact portion 24. And this protector 26b is the femoral component 103 inside the bifurcated part (24a, 24a) in the contact part 24 in the state in which the ball | bowl extractor 1 was installed with respect to the femoral component 103 and the head ball 104. It is being fixed to the surface arrange | positioned around the neck part 103a.

  Since the protectors (26a, 26b) are attached to the contact portion 24, when the surgeon installs the support member 11 on the femoral component 103 or operates the ball extractor 1, the contact is made. The portion 24 is prevented from coming into direct contact with the surface of the neck portion 103a, and protection from the contact portion 24 of the neck portion 103a is achieved.

  Examples of the resin of the protector (26a, 26b) include, for example, POM (polyacetal, polyoxymethylene), PPS (polyphenylenesulfide), PES (polyethersulfone), which has a small dimensional change due to autoclave sterilization. PPSU (polyphenylene sulfone) or the like can be used.

  The driving portion 25 in the biasing member 12 is provided on the opposite side of the contact portion 24 via a fulcrum (center axis of the hinge pin 14) on which the biasing member 12 is supported by the support member 11 so as to be rotatable or swingable. It is formed integrally with the contact part 24. The driving portion 25 is provided as a portion to which an impact force generated by a driving operation performed by a surgeon using a surgical instrument for driving operation (not shown) such as a hammer is applied.

  The driving portion 25 is formed in a plate shape that extends flat from the fulcrum side, which is the side integrally provided with the contact portion 24, and then curves toward the distal end side, and is disposed on the distal end side opposite to the support member 11. For example, a curved surface 25a whose cross section is curved in an arc shape is formed. Further, the driving portion 25 is provided with a recessed hole 25b formed as a recess in the curved surface 25a.

  The driving rod member 13 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is provided as a rod-like member, and the end portion 13a on the distal end side is slidable with respect to the recessed hole 25b provided in the driving portion 25 of the urging member 12. It is configured to fit in. An end portion 13a on the distal end side of the driving rod member 13 is formed as a hemispherical portion, for example. The recessed hole 25b is formed as a hemispherical hole having a slightly larger diameter than the end portion 13a.

  Further, the driving rod member 13 has a driving end to which an impact force from a surgical instrument for driving operation (not shown) such as a hammer is directly applied at the end opposite to the end 13a on the front end side. 13b is provided. The driving end portion 13b is provided, for example, as a portion extending in a disk shape in a direction perpendicular to the round bar-shaped shaft portion of the driving bar member 13.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, an operation for extracting the head ball 104 by the ball extractor 1 will be described. FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the operation of the ball extractor 1 and shows a state in which the operation of extracting the head ball 104 by the ball extractor 1 is performed.

  When the operation of extracting the head ball 104 using the ball extractor 1 is performed, the operator first installs the ball extractor 1 on the femoral component 103 and the head ball 104 as shown in FIG. To do. At this time, the attachment hole fitting portion 22 in the support member 11 is fitted in a slidable manner with respect to the attachment hole 103 c provided in the shoulder portion of the femoral component 103. As a result, the support member 11 is supported to be swingable with respect to the femoral component 103.

  Further, the bifurcated portions (24a, 24a) of the abutting portion 24 of the biasing member 12 are formed on the neck portion 103a at the same timing as the timing at which the mounting hole fitting portion 22 is fitted into the mounting hole 103c, or at the timing before and after. Located on both sides. That is, the neck portion 103a is inserted between the bifurcated portions (24a, 24a).

  In the above state, the ball extractor 1 is operated so that the biasing member 12 rotates or swings with respect to the support member 11, and the curved surface 24 c of the contact portion 24 contacts the end surface 104 b of the head ball 104. It is set to the state. Then, the end portion 13a on the distal end side of the driving rod member 13 is fitted in a slidable state with respect to the recessed hole 25b of the driving portion 25, resulting in the state shown in FIG.

  When the ball extractor 1 is set to the state shown in FIG. 5, the operator uses a surgical instrument for driving operation (not shown) such as a hammer while holding the shaft portion of the driving bar member 13. An operation of driving the driving end 13b of the driving bar member 13 is performed. Thereby, the impact force from the surgical instrument for driving operation acts on the driving portion 25 of the biasing member 12 via the driving rod member 13, and the supporting member 11 is centered on the fulcrum that is the central axis of the hinge pin 14. The biasing member 12 rotates or swings instantaneously.

  Further, along with the momentary rotation or swinging motion of the urging member 12, the curved surface 24c of the contact portion 24 slides with respect to the end surface 104b of the bone head ball 104 in the direction of removing the bone head ball 104. Energize. In this way, the impact force from the surgical instrument for driving operation is transmitted to the head ball 104 via the biasing member 12 and acts in the direction of removing the head ball 104 from the neck portion 103a, as shown in FIG. Thus, the femoral head ball 104 is removed from the femoral component 103. After the removal of the head ball 104 is completed, the attachment hole fitting portion 22 of the support member 11 is removed from the attachment hole 103c of the femoral component 103, and the ball extractor 1 is quickly removed.

  As described above, according to the ball extractor 1, the femoral component 103 is supported by using the attachment hole 103c formed in the femoral component 103 to which the end of the surgical instrument for installation operation is attached when the femoral component 103 is installed. The member 11 can be supported with respect to the femoral component 103 without directly contacting and supporting the surface of the neck portion 103a. The biasing member 12 is supported so as to be rotatable or swingable with respect to the support member 11 supported so as to be swingable with respect to the femoral component 103. Further, when an impact force from the surgical instrument for driving operation is applied to the driving portion 25 of the urging member 12, the contact portion 24 on the opposite side to the driving portion 25 via the fulcrum is applied to the bone head ball 104. On the other hand, it abuts on the end surface 104b and urges the bone head ball 104 in the removal direction. As a result, the head ball 104 is removed. Therefore, the operation of removing the head ball 104 is performed without damaging the neck portion 103a of the femoral component 103. Further, the ball extractor 1 is configured compactly by a support member 11 supported by the attachment hole 103c of the femoral component 103 and a biasing member 12 supported by the support member 11 so as to be rotatable or swingable. Therefore, the ball extractor 1 can be greatly reduced in size. For this reason, even if it is a case where the incision range is restrained small, the fall of workability | operativity and operativity can be prevented.

  Therefore, according to the ball extractor 1, it is possible to prevent the neck portion 103a of the femoral component 103 from being damaged, and it is possible to prevent the workability and the operability from being deteriorated even when the incision range is suppressed to be small. it can.

  Further, according to the ball extractor 1, since the mounting hole fitting portion 22 that fits into the mounting hole 103c in the support member 11 is provided as a spherical portion that is slidable with respect to the mounting hole 103c, it fits into the mounting hole 103c. In addition, the structure in which the support member 11 is swingably supported with respect to the neck portion 103a can be realized with a simple configuration.

  Further, according to the ball extractor 1, the contact portion 24 is configured to have bifurcated portions (24 a, 24 a) that are disposed on both sides of the neck portion 103 a and contact the bone head ball 104. For this reason, the contact portion 24 can act by dispersing the impact force from the surgical instrument for driving operation on both sides of the portion of the bone head ball 103 that is fitted to the neck portion 103a. As a result, the head ball 104 can be urged so that the above-described impact force is efficiently applied in the direction in which the head ball 104 is removed.

  Further, according to the ball extractor 1, the biasing member 12 is connected to the support member 11 via a hinge pin 14 that is a hinge portion so as to be rotatable or swingable. There is no need to install the force member 12 separately and separately. For this reason, the workability | operativity and operativity in the extraction operation | work of the bone head ball | bowl 104 can further be aimed at.

  Further, according to the ball extractor 1, the protector made of resin (26a, 26b) is attached to the portion of the contact portion 24 that comes into contact with the neck portion 103a. Can be protected.

  Further, according to the ball extractor 1, with respect to the driving portion 25 of the urging member 12 via the driving rod member 13 in which the end portion 13 a on the distal end side is slidably fitted into the recessed hole 25 b in the driving portion 25. The impact force from the surgical instrument for driving operation can be transmitted easily and efficiently. Further, the workability and operability in the work of removing the head ball 104 can be further improved with a simple configuration in which the dent member 25b is formed in the urging member 12 and a rod-shaped member is further provided. The driving bar member 13 has a structure in which the end portion 13a on the distal end side is fitted in the recessed hole 25b of the biasing member 12 so as to be swingable, so that the driving rod member 13 is substantially orthogonal to the direction in which the neck portion 103a of the femoral component 103 extends. It will not be in a state of projecting along the direction. For this reason, even if it is a case where the incision range is suppressed small, workability and operativity are not reduced.

  Further, according to the ball extractor 1, the tip curved surface portions (24 b, 24 b) that are the end portions on the tip end side of the contact portion 24 are formed in a curved shape, so that impact force is applied to the driving portion 25 and attached. When the biasing member 12 rotates or swings, it is possible to prevent the end portion on the distal end side of the contact portion 24 from engaging with the end face 104b of the head ball 104 or the like. For this reason, the workability | operativity and operativity in the extraction operation | work of the bone head ball | bowl 104 can further be aimed at.

  Further, according to the ball extractor 1, since the shape of the surface of the contact portion 24 that contacts the head ball 104 is formed as a curved surface 24 c that curves from the fulcrum side to the distal end side, an impact force is applied to the driving portion 25. Thus, when the urging member 12 rotates or swings, the impact force from the contact portion 24 to the bone head ball 104 can be smoothly transmitted. For this reason, when the urging member 12 rotates or swings, it is possible to prevent the contact portion 24 from engaging with the end face 104b or the like of the head ball 104. Thereby, the workability | operativity and operativity in the extraction operation | work of the bone head ball | bowl 104 can further be aimed at.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made as long as they are described in the claims of the utility model registration. For example, you may implement the following modifications.

(1) In the above-described embodiment, the embodiment in which the portion that fits into the attachment hole of the femoral component is provided as a spherical portion that constitutes a part of the sphere has been described as an example. Alternatively, the shape may be a shape other than the spherical portion and slidably fitted into the mounting hole. Moreover, the structure by which a support member is supported so that rocking | fluctuation with respect to a femoral component may be sufficient by providing a hinge part in the part fitted with respect to the attachment hole of a femoral component.

(2) About the shape of the contact part and driving | running | working part in an urging | biasing member, you may implement not only the shape illustrated by the above-mentioned embodiment but various changes. For example, a form in which the bifurcated portion is not provided in the abutting part may be used, or a form in which a curved surface curved in the driving part is not provided.

(3) In the above-described embodiment, the shape of the surface that contacts the head ball at the contact portion has been described as an example of a curved surface that curves from the fulcrum side to the distal end side. It does not have to be. For example, the urging member may be provided with an abutting portion in which the shape of the surface that abuts on the bone head ball is formed as a surface that extends flatly from the fulcrum side to the distal end side.

(4) In the above-described embodiment, an example in which a resin protector is attached to the urging member and the support member has been described as an example, but this need not be the case. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a support member 11a and a biasing member 12a in a ball remover according to a modification. FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B show a plurality of perspective views viewed from different angles. In addition, elements that are configured in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings. As shown in FIG. 7, you may implement the supporting member 11a and the urging | biasing member 12a to which the resin protector is not attached.

(5) In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the biasing member is connected to the support member via the hinge portion so as to be rotatable or swingable has been described as an example, but this need not be the case. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a support member 11b and a biasing member 12b in a ball extractor according to a modification. 8A and 8B are perspective views viewed from different angles. In the following description, only the configuration in which the urging member 12b is supported so as to be rotatable or swingable with respect to the support member 11b will be described. The same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  In the ball extractor according to the modification shown in FIG. 8, the support member 11b and the urging member 12b are provided as separate members. The biasing member 12b is provided with a stepped portion 27 that is recessed in a stepped manner on the side opposite to the curved surface 25a side of the driving portion 25 in a portion where the contact portion 24 and the driving portion 25 are continuous. Then, the biasing member is slidably in contact with the stepped portion 27 of the biasing member 12b with the end portion 28 on the opposite side to the end portion of the support member 11b on which the mounting hole fitting portion 22 is provided. 12b is configured to be rotatably or swingably supported with respect to the end portion 28 of the support member 11b.

  According to the ball extractor according to the modification shown in FIG. 8, the urging member 12b is slidably brought into contact with the stepped portion 27 of the urging member 12b by slidably contacting the end portion 28 of the supporting member 11b. It can be supported so as to be rotatable or swingable. Therefore, in the supporting member 11b and the urging member 12b configured as separate members separated, the urging member 12b has a simple structure in which the step portion 27 is provided, and the urging member 12b is rotated or shaken to the supporting member 11b. It is possible to realize a structure that is supported in a movable manner.

(6) In the above-described embodiment, the ball extractor provided with the driving rod member has been described as an example. However, the driving rod member may not necessarily be provided. Further, a driving bar member having a shape different from that of the above-described embodiment may be provided.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used when removing the femoral head ball of the artificial hip joint that is fitted to the distal end side of the neck portion that protrudes from the femur in the femoral component of the artificial hip joint that is inserted into the medullary cavity of the femur. As a ball remover, it can be widely applied.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ball extractor 11 Support member 12 Energizing member 22 Mounting hole fitting part 24 Contact part 25 Driving part 100 Artificial hip joint 101 Femur 101a Spinal cavity part 103 Femoral component 103a Neck part 103c Mounting hole 104 Cone head ball 104b End surface

Claims (9)

A ball extractor used to extract the hip head ball of the artificial hip joint that is fitted to the distal end of the neck part that protrudes from the femur in the femoral component of the artificial hip joint that is inserted into the medullary cavity of the femur. There,
A portion that fits into an attachment hole formed in the femoral component as a hole to which an end of a surgical instrument for installation operation used when the femoral component is installed on the femur, A support member that is swingably supported relative to the bone component;
A biasing member that is rotatably or swingably supported with respect to the support member and is capable of abutting on the bone head ball and biasing the bone head ball in a direction to be removed from the femoral component;
With
In the biasing member,
An abutting portion that abuts against and urges the bone head ball at at least one of a flat end surface of the bone head ball and a curved surface that narrows toward the end surface around the end surface of the bone head ball. When,
Impact force generated by a driving operation performed by a surgical instrument for driving operation provided on the side opposite to the abutting portion via a fulcrum when the support member is rotatably or swingably supported. A driving part to which is added,
A ball remover characterized in that is provided. The ball extractor according to claim 1,
The portion of the support member that fits into the mounting hole is provided as a spherical portion that constitutes a part of a sphere, and is slidably fitted into the mounting hole. vessel. The ball extractor according to claim 1 or 2,
The abutment portion has a bifurcated portion extending in parallel, and the bifurcated portion is disposed on both sides of the neck portion when abutting on the head ball. The ball extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A ball extractor, wherein the biasing member is connected to the support member so as to be rotatable or swingable via a hinge portion. The ball extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The support member and the biasing member are provided as separate separate members,
The biasing member is provided with a stepped portion that is recessed in a step shape,
The biasing member is supported rotatably or swingably with respect to the end portion of the support member in a state where the end portion of the support member is slidably contacted with the stepped portion. A ball remover. The ball extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A ball extractor, wherein a protector made of a resin material is attached to the abutment portion at a portion of the femoral component that contacts the neck portion. The ball extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
It is provided as a rod-shaped member and is fitted in a state in which the end on the tip side is slidable with respect to the recessed hole formed in the depression in the driving portion, and from the surgical instrument for driving operation to the opposite end A ball removing device further comprising a driving bar member to which an impact force of 1 is applied. The ball extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The abutment portion is a ball extractor characterized in that the outer shape of the end portion on the distal end side is formed in a curved shape. The ball extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The ball extractor according to claim 1, wherein the contact portion is formed as a curved surface that is curved from the fulcrum side to the distal end side.

Images