JP3165106U - Hydroelectric generator suitable for installation on the riverbed - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydroelectric power generation device which is fixed to a river bottom and can stably supply electric power. A plurality of rotation transmission shafts 16 extending along a radial direction of a vertical rotary plate 12 and including a speed reducer, and attached to the vertical rotary plate 12 so as to extend horizontally on the outer circumference of the vertical rotary plate 12. A plurality of rotating blade shafts, a first bevel gear horizontally provided around the rotating blade shafts by meshing with the second bevel gear, and fixed to the rotating blade shafts and perpendicular to the vertical rotary plate 12. When the vertical rotary plate 12 rotates 360 degrees in one direction, the rotary blades 11 rotate 180 degrees in the same direction around the rotation blade axis. A reduction gear and a bevel gear in the rotation transmission shaft 16 are provided so that the vertical surface of the rotation blade 11 with respect to the vertical rotary plate 12 has an angle to receive the flow of the river at a position close to the river bottom. [Selection diagram] Figure 1

Description

 The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generator having a small and simple structure and suitable for personal use and home use, for example.

The conventional technology of this type is as follows.
Patent Document 1 discloses a spiral turbine blade in which a turbine portion of hydroelectric power generation is formed in a twisted band plate shape using an elastic material, and has a specific gravity similar to that of a fluid. There has been disclosed a hydroelectric power generation device that obtains electric power by guiding the generated rotational energy to a power generation device moored on a riverbank or a pier.
Patent Document 2 discloses a generator, a floating body that is positioned in a floating state in a water stream and floats the generator in the water stream, and is wound around the floating body in the vertical direction and continuously around the floating body. An annular member that is movably supported by the floating body and arranged to extend in the front-rear direction of the water flow, a plurality of blades that are supported by the annular member and biased by the water flow, and the floating body A floating hydroelectric generator comprising a transmission mechanism that transmits the movement of the annular member around the generator to the generator is disclosed.
In Patent Document 3, in a river with a flow, a plurality of buoys such as ships are installed in parallel in the river width direction through a set gap, and the buoys spaced apart from the set gap are connected by a rotating shaft. The water turbine that is supported and fastened to the rotating shaft is brought into contact with the water flow in the gap between the floating shafts, and the rotation of the water turbine is transmitted to the generator provided on the floating shaft that supports the rotating shaft so that power can be generated Sometimes, a floating hydroelectric generator that can moor a floating platform at a fixed position in a river is disclosed.

JP 2010-106823 A JP 2008-014154 A JP-A-11-208576

The conventional technology was based on the idea of floating on the river.
An object of the present invention is to provide a hydroelectric power generation apparatus that can be fixed to a riverbed and stably supply electric power.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following configuration. The numbers in parentheses are the symbols of corresponding components in the drawings.
(1) A hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 corresponds to the first embodiment,
A frame (50) with legs to be installed at the bottom of the river;
A generator (21) fixed to the frame (50);
A rotary drive shaft (22) for driving the generator (21) and having a sixth bevel gear (19b) at the other end of the end to which the generator (21) is coupled;
A fifth bevel gear (19a) that meshes with the sixth bevel gear (19b) to convert the rotation of the rotary drive shaft (22) into a rotation around a horizontal axis, and is horizontally attached to the frame (50). A horizontal axis (23),
A vertical rotating plate (12) fixed to the horizontal axis (23) and centered on the horizontal axis (23);
A fourth bevel gear (14) fixed to the horizontal shaft (23) in the vicinity of the vertical rotating plate (12);
A plurality of rotation transmission shafts (16) including a reduction gear, attached to the vertical rotation plate (12) and extending along the radial direction of the vertical rotation plate (12),
A third bevel gear (17a) provided in mesh with the fourth bevel gear (14) at the inner end of the rotation transmission shaft (16);
A second bevel gear (14b) provided at an outer end of the rotation transmission shaft (16);
A plurality of rotating blade shafts (11c) attached to the vertical rotating plate (12) to extend horizontally on the outer periphery of the vertical rotating plate (12);
A first bevel gear (14a) horizontally provided around the rotating blade shaft (11c) and meshed with the second bevel gear (14b);
A plurality of rotating blades (11) fixed to the rotating blade shaft (11c) and having a surface perpendicular to the vertical rotating plate (12),
When the vertical rotating plate (12) rotates 360 degrees in one direction, the rotating blade (11) rotates 180 degrees around the rotating blade shaft (11c) in the same direction, and the rotating blade (11) The speed reducer and the first to fourth bevel gears (14a, 14b, 17a) in the rotation transmission shaft (16) so that the vertical plane with respect to the vertical rotating plate (12) is an angle at which the river flows at a position close to the riverbed. 17b).

(2) The hydroelectric generator according to claim 2 corresponds to the second embodiment,
The hydroelectric power generator described above,
The frame further includes a water level sensing unit, and a jack motor that changes the height of the entire apparatus relative to the riverbed according to the water level sensed by the water level sensing unit,
It is characterized by automatically adjusting the height of the hydroelectric generator relative to the riverbed according to the change of the water level.

Since this invention has the above-mentioned composition, it has the following operation effects.
The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 operates as follows.
When the rotating blades receive the flow of the river, the rotating blades located near (low) the bottom of the river are pushed and the vertical rotating plate rotates.
The rotational force of the vertical rotating plate is transmitted from the fourth bevel gear to the rotation transmission shaft (16) via the third bevel gear, and the second bevel gear rolls on the first bevel gear to rotate the rotating blades. The number of teeth of the speed reducer and the first to fourth bevel gears is set so that when the vertical rotating plate rotates 360 degrees in one direction, the rotating blades rotate 180 degrees in the opposite direction.
Further, the vertical surface of the rotating blade with respect to the vertical rotating plate is adjusted so that the flow of the river is well received when the rotating blade is lowered to the lowest position. Therefore, when the rotating blade is at a high position, the angle is less likely to receive the flow of the river.
The rotation of the vertical rotating plate rotates the horizontal axis, and the bevel gears 5 and 6 act to drive the rotating drive shaft of the generator to generate power.

The hydroelectric generator according to claim 2 operates as follows.
The water level detection unit detects the water level or its change. Accordingly, the jack motor automatically changes the height of the entire device and adjusts so that the rotating blades are not submerged at a high position. Thereby, in the operation | movement which a rotating blade returns against the direction of a river flow, it makes it difficult to receive the resistance of a river flow. This acts to increase power generation efficiency.

  Any of the hydroelectric generators according to claims 1 and 2 operate stably regardless of the water level. Therefore, stable power generation and thus stable power can be obtained.

  Since it is a small and simple structure, it can be installed easily if it is a shallow river and the bottom of the river is solid. Therefore, it is suitable for small-scale use for personal use and home use.

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a hydroelectric generator 1 according to the present invention (Example 1). FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view including the horizontal axis of the hydroelectric generator 1 of FIG. 1 (Example 1). FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2 (Example 1). FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a rotation state (starting point) (Example 1). FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a rotation state (a state in which the vertical rotation plate is rotated 45 degrees from the starting point) (Example 1). FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a rotation state (a state in which the vertical rotation plate is rotated 90 degrees from the starting point) (Example 1). FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a use state (a state in which a falling-item passage prevention net is used) (Example 1). FIG. 8 is a view taken in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 7 (Example 1). FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a jack motor type (Example 2). FIG. 10 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the water level sensing unit of FIG. 9 (Example 2).

According to the present invention, a vertical rotating plate is fixed to a frame installed on a riverbed so that the vertical rotating plate can be rotated around a horizontal axis, and a plurality of rotating blades are provided on the periphery of the vertical rotating plate. By connecting the rotation with the blades via the speed reducer, the direction of the rotating blades becomes perpendicular to the direction of the flow at the location where the energy of the river flow should be extracted, and the rotating blades return against the river flow. Adjust the reduction ratio of the reducer so that the direction of the rotating blades is parallel to the flow direction at the power point (the rotating blades rotate once while the vertical rotating plate rotates twice), and the vertical rotating plate Is a hydroelectric power generation device that efficiently rotates and generates power using the energy of the rotation.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing examples.

  FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of Example 1 of a hydroelectric generator 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view including the central axis of the hydroelectric generator 1 of FIG.

  This will be described with reference to FIGS. The generator 21 is housed in a frame 50 installed at a horizontal installation location. The frame 50 has a sturdy structure so as to form a hook. The part which becomes the leg of the flame | frame 50 is the jack 51 which enables height and a horizontal adjustment, and adjusts length by operating the manual handle 53 provided in the upper part. Ground portion 52 in contact with the riverbed, as shown below in Figure 1, flange (flange) form type B, piles (pile) like type C, the soil from such type A in combination with the collar and pile Select the one that suits your needs.

  The rotary drive shaft 22 of the generator 21 is supported by a bearing case 20 at the top of the frame 50 and bearings 20a and 20a that are further built in, and protrudes downward from the generator 21 and extends in the vertical direction. As the rotary drive shaft 22 rotates, power is generated in the generator 21 and electric power is taken out, but the output portion of the generator is not shown. In addition, since the generator 21 is a part that handles electricity, it is desirable that the generator 21 be fully waterproof in order to prevent electric leakage and electric shock. Preferably, when the river is flooded, waterproofing is performed so as not to hinder the operation even if submerged.

  A gear box 19 is provided at the lower end of the rotary drive shaft 22 extending in the vertical direction. Inside the gear box 19, bevel gears (bevel gears) 19a and 19b that mesh with each other are provided. The bevel gear 19 b is fixed to the lower end of the rotary drive shaft 22. The bevel gear 19a is fixed to the end of the horizontal shaft 23 which is a rotating shaft placed horizontally. The horizontal shaft 23 is supported by a bearing case 18 and a bearing 18a provided therein. A bearing is indicated by an X in the bearing case (hereinafter the same). The vertical rotating plate 12 is fixed substantially at the center of the horizontal shaft 23 perpendicularly thereto. The vertical rotating plate 12 has a flat plate shape with a polygonal or circular outer periphery, and is concentric with the horizontal shaft 23. In the illustrated example, the central portion of the vertical rotating plate 12 is fixed to the horizontal shaft 23.

  On the other hand, the upper portion of the rotary drive shaft 22, that is, the portion between the generator 21, bearings 20a for supporting the rotary drive shaft 22, and 20a, these bearings 20a, bearing case 20 which incorporates a 20a is provided. The bearing case 20 has a shape extending in the vertical direction along the rotational drive shaft 22 and is cylindrical in the illustrated example. The bearing case 20 is coaxial with the rotational drive shaft 22.

  A sixth bevel gear 19 b is provided at the lower end of the bearing case 20. The sixth bevel gear 19b is a bevel gear, which is coaxial with the rotational drive shaft and is provided with the shaft vertical.

  The fifth bevel gear 19a meshing with the sixth bevel gear 19b is a bevel gear provided with a horizontal axis, is coaxial with the horizontal shaft 23, and is provided with a horizontal axis. The horizontal shaft 23 is supported by a bearing case 18 and bearings 18a and 18a included therein. Near the center of the horizontal shaft 23, a fourth bevel gear 17b fixed to the horizontal shaft 23 is provided. The fourth bevel gear 17b meshes with the third bevel gear 17b. The third bevel gear 17 a is provided at the inner end of the rotation transmission shaft 16 that extends along the radial direction of the vertical rotating plate 12. The rotation transmission shaft 16 is supported by a bearing 15 a built in a bearing case 15 attached near the center of the vertical rotating plate 12. Therefore, the rotation transmission shaft 16 can rotate around the axis. A reduction gear 16 a is interposed in the middle of the rotation transmission shaft 16. At both ends of the reduction gear 16a, the gear ratio is appropriately adjusted to adjust the rotation speed, so that different rotation speeds can be obtained. Here, a mechanism including the reduction gear 16a and transmitting the rotation to both ends thereof is referred to as a rotation transmission shaft 16.

  A second bevel gear 14b, which is a bevel gear, is provided at the outer end of the rotation transmission shaft 16 with the radial direction of the vertical rotating plate as an axis.

  The first bevel gear 14a meshing with the second bevel gear 14b is a bevel gear provided with a direction perpendicular to the vertical rotating plate as an axis. The first bevel gear 14a is provided around the rotating blade shaft 11c. The rotating blade shaft 11c is provided on the outer periphery of the vertical rotating plate 12 and extends in a direction perpendicular to the vertical rotating plate. The rotating blade shaft 11 c is supported by a bearing 13 a built in a bearing case 13 attached to the outer periphery of the vertical rotating plate 12. Therefore, the rotating blade shaft 11c can rotate around the shaft.

  A rotating blade 11 having a surface erected in the vertical direction with respect to the vertical rotating plate 12 is fixed to the rotating blade shaft 11c. In the illustrated example, the rotating blade 11 includes a right blade 11a and a left blade 11b, and is attached to the right end and the left end of the rotating blade shaft 11c, respectively. The rotating blade 11 rotates together with the rotating blade shaft 11c. Here, when installing on the river, right and left are set to the right when standing on the upstream side and facing the downstream direction, and the left is set to the left.

  In the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotating blades 11 are provided at four positions on the outer periphery of the vertical rotating plate 12 every 90 degrees. The angles formed by these four rotating blades 11 viewed from the horizontal axis direction with respect to the horizontal plane are different from each other, and are sequentially set at angles shifted by 45 degrees. As shown in FIG. 3, at a position closest to the riverbed (low position), the plane of rotation vane to the flow of the river is an angle susceptible to energy flow becomes vertical, farther (high from the most riverbed Position), the plane of the rotating blades is parallel to the river flow, and the angle is less likely to receive the flow energy. And in other positions, it becomes an angle between them.

  As another example, the rotating blades 11 may be provided at equiangular intervals in six or eight places instead of four places. In the case of 6 places, the angle of each rotating blade is 30 degrees sequentially, and in the case of 8 places, the angle of each rotating blade is sequentially shifted by 22.5 degrees.

  Each rotating blade 11 revolves around the rotation drive shaft 22 as the vertical rotating plate 12 rotates while rotating around the rotating blade shaft 11c. Each rotating blade 11 rotates in the same direction by a half turn (180 ° rotation) while the vertical rotating plate makes one turn (360 ° rotation) in one direction. The number of teeth of the first to fourth bevel gears and the reduction ratio of the reduction gear 16a are set so as to realize such rotation and revolution of the rotation blade 11. It is also possible to achieve the required reduction ratio without using a reduction gear by simply adjusting the number of teeth of the bevel gear.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. In FIG. 3, the generator 21, the rotary drive shaft 22, and the bearing case 20 are not drawn to avoid complication. The same applies to FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7, and 9 described later. For convenience of explanation, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are used. The hydroelectric generator according to the present invention operates as follows.

The vertical rotating plate 12 rotates when more rotating blades 11 closer to the river bottom (lower side) receive the flow of the river among the plurality of rotating blades 11 provided (the left side in FIG. 3 is the upstream of the river). Then, the counterclockwise direction).
The rotational force of the vertical rotating plate 12 is transmitted from the fourth bevel gear 17b in FIG. 2 to the rotation transmission shaft 16 via the third bevel gear 17a, the second bevel gear 14b rolls on the first bevel gear 14a, and the rotation blade 11 Rotates (same direction as the rotation of the vertical rotating plate). Thus, when the vertical rotating plate 12 rotates counterclockwise, the rotating blade 11 rotates counterclockwise.
The rotation of the rotating blade 11 is interlocked with the rotation of the vertical rotating plate 12. When the vertical rotating plate 12 rotates 360 degrees counterclockwise, the number of teeth of the first to fourth bevel gears 17a, 17b, 14a, 14b and the reduction ratio of the speed reducer 16 so that the rotating blade 11 rotates 180 degrees counterclockwise. Is set. FIG. 3 shows the angles of the four rotating blades 11 at a certain point in time, but this is also an angle change when one rotating blade 11 revolves.
Due to the rotation of the vertical rotating plate 12, the rotary drive shaft 22 of the generator 21 is driven via the bevel gear 19a and the bevel gear 19b to generate electric power.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a rotation state (starting point). FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a rotation state (a state in which the vertical rotation plate is rotated 45 degrees from the starting point). FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a rotation state (a state in which the vertical rotation plate is rotated 90 degrees from the starting point). As for the water level of the river, the present apparatus can be operated from the position where the rotating blades near the river bottom are immersed to the position where the entire apparatus is immersed. The vertical rotating plate rotates regardless of the water level.
4, 5 and 6, the left side is the upstream of the river. The arrow drawn on the left of the figure indicates the direction of water flow. Start from FIG. In FIG. 5, the vertical rotary plate 12 is rotated 45 degrees counterclockwise from the starting point. At this time, all of the plurality of the rotating blades 11 are rotated 22.5 degrees to the left. FIG. 6 shows a state in which the vertical rotating plate 12 is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise from the starting point. At this time, the rotating blade further rotates 22.5 degrees to the left and 45 degrees to the left from the starting point state. As a result, the rotating blade 11 is at an angle that receives the flow force well at the lowest position and is at an angle that is not easily affected by the flow at the highest position, regardless of the state of the vertical rotation. Can keep the state.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a use state (a state in which a falling material passage prevention net is used). FIG. 8 is a view taken in the direction of arrow B in FIG. It is conceivable that the operation of the apparatus may be hindered by garbage, fish, etc. flowing from the upstream into the hydroelectric generator 1 according to the present invention. In order to prevent this, the falling matter removing device 60 is provided on the upstream side where the hydroelectric generator 1 is installed. The falling material removing device 60 is provided with a falling material passage preventing net 61 made of a wire mesh at the center of a fence-shaped device having as many gaps as possible to suppress water resistance, and is fixed to the riverbed. In the portion to be grounded, a saddle-like or pile-like member similar to the grounding portion 52 of the hydroelectric generator 1 is provided and firmly fixed to the riverbed.

  The second embodiment has substantially the same structure as the first embodiment, but further includes a water level sensing unit 80 and a jack motor 71, and the apparatus moves up and down in accordance with the river level fluctuation. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a jack motor type (Example 2). FIG. 10 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the water level sensing unit 80 of FIG. FIG. 10B is a side view of the water level sensing unit 80, and FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. The jack 51 is provided with a jack motor 71 instead of the manual handle 53, and operates the jack under the control of the controller 90. The structure of the water level sensing unit 80 is as follows. A sensor mounting pipe 81 is installed on the outer wall of the frame 50. A float 83 (floating at the same position as the water level) is mounted at the center of the sensor mounting pipe 81 along the guide 82 (guide rod when the float 83 moves up and down according to the change in the water level). A proximity switch 85 (or proximity sensor) is attached to the outer wall of the sensor attachment pipe 81. The float 83 moves up and down due to fluctuations in the water level, and an element for detecting movement of each switch or sensor is attached to the side wall. A signal sensed by the proximity switch 85 (or proximity sensor) is sent to the controller 90, drives the jack motor 71, and moves the device up and down to match the water level. The water level with respect to the apparatus can be appropriately selected by attaching proximity switches or proximity sensors to the positions of water level 1, water level 2, and water level 3 in FIG. The water level detection unit 80 may be a float type level switch (YF-RS series) manufactured by Yamamoto Electric Co., Ltd.

  Here, the controller 90 performs the control based on the water level. However, by managing the output of the generator 21 and feeding it back to the controller 90, the entire apparatus is maintained at a high power generation efficiency. Other embodiments with more complex management are possible.

  It can be used for private generators installed in the premises of the home, small generators used in camping, and the like. It is also possible to provide a plurality of rivers across the river and use them for regional power generation.

1 Hydroelectric generator 11 Rotating blade 11a Right blade 11b Left blade 11c Rotating blade shaft 12 Vertical rotating plate 13 Bearing case 13a Bearing 14a First bevel gear 14b Second bevel gear 15 Bearing case 15a Bearing 16 Rotating transmission shaft 16a Reducer 17a Third bevel gear 17b 4th bevel gear 18 Bearing case 18a Bearing 19 Gear box 19a 5th bevel gear 19b 6th bevel gear 20 Bearing case 20a Bearing 21 Generator 22 Rotating drive shaft 23 Horizontal shaft 50 Frame 51 Jack 52 Grounding part 53 Handle 60 Flowing material removal device 61 Flow-through prevention net 62 Grounding part 80 Water level sensing part 81 Sensor mounting pipe 82 Guide 83 Float 84 Element 85 Proximity switch 90 Controller

Claims (2)

A frame (50) with legs to be installed at the bottom of the river;
A generator (21) fixed to the frame (50);
A rotary drive shaft (22) for driving the generator (21) and having a sixth bevel gear (19b) at the other end of the end to which the generator (21) is coupled;
A fifth bevel gear (19a) that meshes with the sixth bevel gear (19b) to convert the rotation of the rotary drive shaft (22) into a rotation around a horizontal axis, and is horizontally attached to the frame (50). A horizontal axis (23),
A vertical rotating plate (12) fixed to the horizontal axis (23) and centered on the horizontal axis (23);
A fourth bevel gear (14) fixed to the horizontal shaft (23) in the vicinity of the vertical rotating plate (12);
A plurality of rotation transmission shafts (16) including a reduction gear, attached to the vertical rotation plate (12) and extending along the radial direction of the vertical rotation plate (12),
A third bevel gear (17a) provided in mesh with the fourth bevel gear (14) at the inner end of the rotation transmission shaft (16);
A second bevel gear (14b) provided at an outer end of the rotation transmission shaft (16);
A plurality of rotating blade shafts (11c) attached to the vertical rotating plate (12) to extend horizontally on the outer periphery of the vertical rotating plate (12);
A first bevel gear (14a) horizontally provided around the rotating blade shaft (11c) and meshed with the second bevel gear (14b);
A plurality of rotating blades (11) fixed to the rotating blade shaft (11c) and having a surface perpendicular to the vertical rotating plate (12),
When the vertical rotating plate (12) rotates 360 degrees in one direction, the rotating blade (11) rotates 180 degrees around the rotating blade shaft (11c) in the same direction, and the rotating blade (11) The speed reducer and the first to fourth bevel gears (14a, 14b, 17a) in the rotation transmission shaft (16) so that the vertical plane with respect to the vertical rotating plate (12) is an angle at which the river flows at a position close to the riverbed. , 17b) is provided. The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1,
The frame further includes a water level sensing unit, and a jack motor that changes the height of the entire apparatus relative to the riverbed according to the water level sensed by the water level sensing unit,
A hydroelectric generator that automatically adjusts the height of the hydroelectric generator relative to the riverbed according to changes in the water level.

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