JP3164982B2 - Diesel particulate filter device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a diesel particulate filter device for collecting particulates contained in exhaust gas discharged from a diesel engine and heating and burning the collected particulates.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Diesel engine combustion is based on so-called heterogeneous mixing in which fuel is injected into high-temperature, high-pressure air. Heterogeneous mixing differs from a homogeneous air-fuel mixture in that air and fuel are not uniformly mixed, so the carbon component in the fuel changes to smoke, HC, etc. due to the high-temperature heat of combustion, and they coagulate to form particulates. Released into the air. Then, the smoke becomes particulates in which the carbon is attached to the atomized carbon and the periphery thereof, and the particulates float in the air, so that the pollution of the urban environment progresses and the transparency of the air extremely deteriorates. . Incidentally, particulates or smoke such as carbon and HC contained in exhaust gas discharged from a diesel engine are said to have a diameter of about 200 mm, but they gradually aggregate to 10 μm.
It grows into particulates with a diameter of ２０20 μm.
These particulates are usually from 600 ° C to 700 ° C.
If oxygen is present at a temperature of ° C., it will burn to carbon dioxide and water.

[0003] Conventionally, as a diesel particulate filter, there is known a heat regeneration type filter in which collected particulates are heated and burned to regenerate the filter. The regenerative diesel particulate filter device regenerates the filter by collecting the particulates contained in the exhaust gas with a filter and supplying electricity to a heater provided in the filter to heat and burn the collected particulates. , Filters are used repeatedly.

[0004]

However, in the diesel particulate filter device as described above,
Since the heater provided for heating the filter has a small capacity, there is a problem in that when the particulate matter collected by the filter is heated and burned, the particulate matter burns on its own and the heater is blown. Further, in the heating and regeneration type diesel particulate filter device, when heating and regenerating the filter, there is a problem that a large amount of electric power is required to heat the entire filter and heat and incinerate the particulate. Diesel particulate filter devices use the propagation of flame to regenerate the area other than the tip of the filter body, and due to the non-uniform adhesion of particulates to the filter body, regeneration failure or abnormal combustion causes the filter body to regenerate. Alternatively, there is a problem in that the filter body is damaged due to melting of the heater and thermal stress caused by the melting. In addition, in the regeneration process of the filter member, it is difficult to shorten the regeneration time because the flame propagation speed is determined.

Further, the present applicant has developed a power supply device for a diesel particulate filter, and filed an application as Japanese Patent Application No. 5-24890 prior to the filing of this application. The power supply device for the diesel particulate filter includes a filter plate made of porous ceramics and a heating element that is energized alternately stacked to form a multilayer body, and a rotary magnet type generator driven by an engine or a rotating device arranged in a turbocharger. One of the power generation outputs of the magnet type rotating electric machine is supplied to a filter block in which the heating elements are connected in series.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem, and a particulate matter such as HC and smoke contained in exhaust gas is collected by a filter, and the collected particulate matter is provided in the filter. An object of the present invention is to provide a diesel particulate filter device that regenerates a filter by heating and incineration with a heater, the diesel particulate filter device having a system for extracting power supplied to the heater from a generator that generates power by driving an engine.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a diesel particulate filter device for collecting particulates contained in exhaust gas discharged from a diesel engine and heating and burning the collected particulates. A filter body for collecting particulates contained therein, a heater for heating the filter body for heating and burning the particulates collected in the filter body, and an engine for supplying electric power for heating the heater. A generator for generating power, and a self-current control device for controlling power from the generator to be supplied to the heater, wherein the generator is operatively connected to a crankshaft via a speed increasing device, and the generator is provided only when idling. That the rotation of the crankshaft is transmitted to the generator and the generator generates electricity. On the diesel particulate filter apparatus according to symptoms.

The generator is a synchronous generator incorporating a multi-pole permanent magnet, and controls the self-current control device to supply power generated by increasing or decreasing the number of revolutions of the engine to the heater.

The rotating shaft of the generator is operatively connected to the crankshaft via a balance shaft. Further, the generator is mounted on a rotating shaft of an auxiliary machine.

Further, the present invention provides a diesel particulate filter device for collecting particulates contained in exhaust gas discharged from a diesel engine and heating and burning the collected particulates, which is contained in the exhaust gas. A filter body for collecting particulates, a heater for heating the filter body for heating and burning the particulates collected in the filter body, and a generator for generating electric power by driving an engine for supplying electric power for heating the heater , And a self-current controller for controlling power from the generator to be supplied to the heater,
The power transmission connecting means of the crankshaft and the rotating shaft fixed to the permanent magnet rotor provided in the generator is configured such that when the engine speed is higher than a predetermined set value, the power transmission connection is released by a command of the controller. The present invention relates to a diesel particulate filter device.

[0011] Since the diesel particulate filter device is configured as described above, particulates contained in exhaust gas generated by driving the engine are collected by the filter body, and the power is generated by driving the engine. The heater is operated to generate power, the heater is heated by the electric power from the generator, the collected particulates are heated and incinerated, and the filter body is regenerated.

Further, since the generator is constituted by a synchronous generator incorporating a multi-pole permanent magnet, the voltage increases as the engine speed increases, and the power generated by the generator in this state is maintained. When the power supply is directly connected to the electric system of the vehicle, there is a problem that all parts are heated and melted, but even if the power generated by the generator is supplied to the heater that generates heat, the problem due to the heating does not occur. Therefore, if a high-speed and compact synchronous generator is mounted on the engine and the engine is driven to generate power with the generator, the temperature of the filter body is detected and the controller responds to the detected temperature to respond to the detected temperature. If the current supplied to the heater is turned on / off, the filter body is controlled to an appropriate temperature, the particulate matter collected in the filter body is satisfactorily heated and incinerated, and the filter body is easily regenerated in a short time. You. In addition, the diesel particulate filter device controls the power generated by the increase or decrease in the number of revolutions of the engine by a device such as a thermistor, a brake coil, and a positive temperature coefficient coefficient device. Can be supplied to

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a diesel particulate filter device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a filter in a diesel particulate filter device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a part of the filter of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view showing one embodiment of a system incorporating the diesel particulate filter device according to the present invention,
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the transmission connection means of the system of FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the transmission connection means of the system of FIG. 4, and FIG. FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the transmission connection means, and FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of rotations of the AC generator and the synchronous generator with respect to the number of rotations.

The diesel particulate filter device according to the present invention is a diesel particulate filter (DPF) for purifying exhaust gas used in the exhaust passage 20 of the diesel engine 2 shown in FIG. A diesel engine 2 is mounted on a cylinder block 6 and has a cylinder head 7 having an exhaust port 9 and an intake port 11 formed therein, an exhaust valve 19 for opening and closing the exhaust port 9, and an intake valve 1 for opening and closing the intake port 11.
And a piston 5 that reciprocates in a cylinder 8 formed in a cylinder block 6. Exhaust port 9
Communicates with the filter 1 through the exhaust passage 20. In addition, the vertical reciprocating motion of the piston 5 is converted into the rotational motion of the crankshaft 3 through the connecting rod 4.

The exhaust passage 20 has duct portions 13 at both ends,
The case 12 of the filter 1 is disposed via a flange 24 provided on the filter 17. A filter body 21 for purifying exhaust gas emitted from the diesel engine 2 in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

[0016] This diesel particulate filter device is characterized in that carbon, smoke,
The filter body 21 for collecting particulates such as soot and HC, and the heater 23 disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the filter body 21 for heating and burning the particulates collected in the filter body 21 are heated. A controller 1 having a generator 15 for generating electric power by driving the diesel engine 2 to supply electric power and a self-current control device for controlling electric power from the generator 15 to be supplied to the heater 23
It has 0. As shown in FIG. 3, the filter 1 has a filter main body 2 formed in a pleated cylindrical shape (partly shown).
1, the heater 23 disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the filter body 21
And the wire mesh 2 disposed on the downstream surface of the filter body 21
3M, so that the exhaust gas flows in the direction of the arrow. The generator 15 is driven by a ring gear 14 rotated by the crankshaft 3. The electric power generated by the generator 15 is configured to be supplied to the heater coil 23 via a PTC (positive resistance temperature coefficient) device such as a thermistor and a brake coil through the controller 10, that is, a self-current control device 16. .

The filter body 21 constituting the filter 1 in this diesel particulate filter device
For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a felt made of ceramic nonwoven fabric or fiber is sequentially folded in a circumferential direction between the inside and the outside to be formed into a bellows shape, thereby reducing the collection area. It is formed in an increased shape and is formed in a cylindrical body as a whole. As the ceramic nonwoven fabric or fiber constituting the filter body 21, Al ₂ O ₃ , S
Ceramics having high heat resistance and high corrosion resistance, such as a mixed carbon / oxide of iC, Si, and Ti, and SiO ₂ can be used. The heater coil 22 has a function of a brake coil disposed in the inner peripheral portion of the filter main body 21 and connected in series to the heater 23. The filter body 21
As shown in FIG. 1, a shielding plate 27 is provided at its upstream end.
And a shielding plate 28 having an opening 29 at the center at the downstream end. The shielding plate 27 is supported in the case 12 by the support rod 25, and the shielding plate 28 is supported by the shielding support plate 26.

In this diesel particulate filter device, the generator 15 can be constituted by an AC generator, but in this embodiment, it is a synchronous generator incorporating a multi-pole permanent magnet having a large magnetic flux density. The heater 23 and the heater coil 2 are controlled by controlling the power generated by increasing or decreasing the rotational speed of the diesel engine 2.
2. As shown in FIG.
5 indicates that the generated voltage V is stabilized at 24 volts, for example, as shown by the dotted line when the generator is constituted by an AC generator, but increases with the rotational speed as shown by the solid line when the generator is constituted by a synchronous generator. High voltage is generated.

Also, only during idling, the rotation of the crankshaft 3 is transmitted to the generator 15 to operate the generator 15. When the engine speed is higher than a predetermined set value, the generator 15 It is configured to be controlled by a controller 10 and an actuator 31, which will be described later, such that the power transmission connection with the crankshaft 3 is released and the generator 15 is in an inactive state.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the transmission connecting means for increasing the speed of the generator 15 by gear transmission constituting a speed increasing device. The generator 15 is driven so that the gear 30 slidably mounted on the rotating shaft 37 meshes with the ring gear 14 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the flywheel of the crankshaft 3 (see FIG. 4) so as to be driven at an increased speed. It is configured. The rotating shaft 37 has the generator 15
Are fixed. A stator 35 is arranged on the outer periphery of the rotor 33. The generator 15 includes a permanent magnet rotor 33 and a stator 35. An actuator 31 operated by a command from the controller 10 pushes and moves the gear 30 through the pressing piece 50 against the return spring 34, thereby separating the gear 30 from the ring gear 14. In other words, the transmission connection between the ring gear 14 and the gear 30 is released when the rotation speed of the engine is greater than a predetermined set value. The key 36 provided on the rotating shaft 37 can function as a guide when the gear 30 slides.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show another embodiment of the transmission connecting means for increasing the speed of the generator 15 by the belt constituting the speed increasing device. The generator 15 is operatively connected to the crankshaft 3 via a balance shaft 41 twice as fast as the crank angle. That is, the generator 15
Has a clutch mechanism 60 in the middle, a pulley 63 fixed to an end opposite to the bearing 32, and a pulley 63.
And the pulley 39 attached to the end of the balance shaft 41
And a belt 42 is hung between them, and is operatively connected via the belt 42. The gear 40 fixed to the balance shaft 41 is connected to the engine 2 via an idle gear 38.
It is operatively connected to a crank gear 64 of the crankshaft 3 shown in FIG. The clutch mechanism 60 is composed of clutch plates 61 and 62 which can be connected and disconnected. The clutch plate 61 slides on the rotating shaft 37 against the return spring 34 by the actuator 31 operated by a command from the controller 10. It is configured to disengage the clutch. The flange 65 is provided to define the return spring 34. The key 36 functions as a guide when the clutch plate 61 slides. 6 and 7, the transmission connection between the generator 15 and the crankshaft 3 is released when the engine speed is greater than a predetermined set value, as in the above embodiment. It is controlled by the controller 10 so that the generator 15 is in a non-operating state.

The diesel particulate filter device according to the present invention is configured as described above, and operates as follows. This diesel particulate filter device heats and incinerates the particulates collected in the filter body 21 that collects the particulates contained in the exhaust gas, so that the heater 23 and the heater coil 22 that heat the filter body 21 are heated. Since the power to be supplied is supplied from the generator 15 that generates electric power by driving the engine 2 and the power supplied to the heater 23 and the heater coil 22 is controlled by the controller 10, the power required for regeneration of the filter body 21 is sufficiently supplied. Can be. In addition, electric power supplied to the heater 23 and the heater coil 22 by the controller 10 is controlled by a self-current control device provided for the heater 23 and the heater coil 22, so that an appropriate current can be easily supplied to the filter body 21.

In this diesel particulate filter device, the generator 15 can be mounted on a rotating shaft of an auxiliary machine. In this case, the generator 15 is provided with a voltage converter. Therefore, by providing the generator 15 on the rotating shaft of the accessory, the electric power generated by the generator 15 can be used for devices provided on the rotating shaft of the accessory other than the heater 22. The electric power generated by the generator 15 is consumed by the heater 22, and the surplus electric power can be consumed by the auxiliary equipment.

[0024]

Since the diesel particulate filter device according to the present invention is constructed as described above, it is possible to sufficiently supply electric power required for regeneration of the filter body. Moreover, the controller controls the power supplied to the heater by the self-current control device provided for the heater, so that an appropriate current can be easily supplied to the filter body.

The generator is a synchronous generator incorporating a multi-pole permanent magnet, and the generator itself can be constructed at high speed and compact. Since the generator is connected to the heater, the generator is high. Even if electric power of a voltage is supplied to the heater, other parts are not heated and melted. Therefore,
The power generated by increasing or decreasing the engine speed can control the current supplied to the heater by the self-current control device such as a thermistor or a brake coil. In addition, the rotating shaft of the generator can be operatively connected to the crankshaft at an increased speed via a balance shaft constituting a double speed device.

Also, since the generator can be mounted on the rotating shaft of an auxiliary machine, if a voltage converter is provided in the generator, the power generated by the generator can be transferred to devices other than the heater. Available. The generator may be configured such that the rotation of the crankshaft is transmitted to the generator only when idling, and the generator generates power. In this case, the gear provided on the rotating shaft on which the rotor of the permanent magnet provided on the generator is fixed and the ring gear provided on the crankshaft are connected to the controller when the engine speed is larger than a predetermined set value. The transmission connection can be released by a command.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a filter in a diesel particulate filter device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the filter of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view showing one embodiment of a system incorporating a diesel particulate filter device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing one embodiment of a transmission connecting means of the system of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating another embodiment of the transmission connecting means of the system of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the transmission connecting means of the system of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of rotations of the AC generator and the synchronous generator and the generated voltage.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Filter 2 Diesel engine 3 Crankshaft 10 Controller 13 Exhaust passage 15 Generator 16 Self-current control device 21 Filter body 22 Heater coil 23 Heater

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-212949 (JP, A) JP-A-3-27731 (JP, A) JP-A-6-212950 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F01N 3/02 341 F01N 3/02 321 F01N 3/02 ZAB F01N 9/00 ZAB

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A diesel particulate filter device for collecting particulates contained in exhaust gas discharged from a diesel engine and heating and burning the collected particulates to collect particulates contained in the exhaust gas. A filter body for collecting, a heater for heating the filter body for heating and burning the particulates collected by the filter body, a generator for generating electric power by driving an engine for supplying electric power for heating the heater, and the heater controlling the power from the generator is supplied to have a current self-control device, the generator class
Transmission connected to the shaft through a gearbox.
Only when the ring rotates the crankshaft
A diesel particulate filter device, wherein the diesel particulate filter device is transmitted to a generator and the generator generates power . 2. The generator according to claim 1, wherein the generator is a synchronous generator incorporating a multi-pole permanent magnet, and the generator controls the self-current control device to supply power to the heater by increasing or decreasing the number of revolutions of the engine. The diesel particulate filter device according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The diesel particulate filter device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft of the generator is operatively connected to the crankshaft via a balance shaft. 4. The diesel particulate filter device according to claim 1, wherein the generator is mounted on a rotating shaft of an auxiliary machine. 5. Exhaust gas discharged from a diesel engine
Collect particulates contained in gas and collect
Diesel particulates for heating and burning particulates
In the rate filter device, the
Filter body for collecting particulates, this filter book
Before burning incinerated particulates collected in the body
Heater for heating the filter body, and heating the heater
A generator that generates power by driving an engine to supply power
Electric power from the generator supplied to the electric machine and the heater
A self-current control device for controlling the
Rotating shaft with fixed permanent magnet rotor and crankshaft
Transmission connection means is a device with a predetermined engine speed.
When it is larger than the fixed value, the power transmission connection is
A diesel particulate filter device which is released .