JP3164769B2 - Deformed section shield machine and deformed section excavation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a deformed shield excavator for excavating a tunnel having a deformed cross-sectional shape, and a method for excavating a deformed cross-section using the shield excavator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the following two types of shield excavators for excavating a double circular cross section used for a double-track subway have been known. Coplanar cutter head type (“DOT (Double
O Tube) type.) In this type, for example, JP-A-57-19739
As described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5 (see FIG. 9), a plurality of cutter heads 51 and 52 are formed to have substantially cross-shaped spokes 53 and 54 on the front surface, respectively. In order to avoid this, each of the cutter heads 51 and 52 is configured to be synchronously rotated such that one of the cutter head spokes 53 (or 54) meshes with the other cutter head spoke 54 (or 53).

A front-rear stepped cutter head type (“MF (Mu
This type is referred to as, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-258493.
As described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. H10 (see FIG. 10), cutter heads 62, 63 adjacent to cutter head 61 are overlapped in the front-rear direction so that the plurality of cutter heads 61, 62, 63 do not interfere with each other. It is configured to be placed. In the example shown in this publication, the center cutter head 61 is of a rotary type, and the cutter heads 6 on both sides are rotated.
2, 63 are of the swing type.

For excavating a rectangular or other irregular cross-section, for example, most of the excavated cross-section is excavated by the above-described shield excavator for a double circular cross section. It is common practice to excavate the remaining part (e.g., the area between the valleys between the circles) with an auxiliary excavator. In this case, an oscillating cutter or an oscillating arm or the like is used as the auxiliary excavator, and these are driven by a cylinder or a motor via a link, a gear, or the like.

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned DOT type has a structure in which the spoke type cutter heads are engaged in the same plane, so that there is a limit in reducing the distance between the centers of adjacent cutter heads. There is also a problem that the center-to-center distance is limited in securing a mounting space for a driving device such as a bearing, a gear, and a motor for rotating the cutter head.

On the other hand, in the above-mentioned MF type, DOT
As with the mold, the center distance is limited in securing the mounting space for the drive unit, and the structure in which the cutter head is shifted back and forth makes it extremely important to ensure the stability of the excavation face. There are problems such as difficulty and a long captain.

Further, in the case of using the above-mentioned auxiliary excavator, the area where the rotary excavation of the cutter head is impossible becomes excessively large, so that the load on the auxiliary excavator becomes large and the structure of the auxiliary excavator becomes complicated. Therefore, there is a problem that the reliability of the apparatus is reduced and it is difficult to secure the stability of the excavation face. From these facts, in the conventional methods, the excavation cross-sectional shape is largely limited.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention makes it possible to reduce the distance between the centers of adjacent cutter heads while ensuring the stability of the excavating face. It is an object of the present invention to provide a modified section shield excavator capable of excavating a section and a modified section excavation method using the shield excavator.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems and Action / Effect In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a deformed section shield excavator according to the present invention has a plurality of spokes extending radially from a main shaft.
A plurality of cutter heads
The cutter heads are centered on their respective spindles.
The cutter head can be swung by the
So that adjacent cutter heads do not interfere with each other
And the excavation areas overlap each other
It is characterized in that that.

According to the present invention, the ground is excavated by swinging the cutter head by the cutter head swinging mechanism, so that adjacent cutter heads interfere with each other as compared with a rotary cutter head. In addition, the center distance between the cutter heads can be reduced, and the installation space for the cutter head driving device can be made smaller than that of the rotary type. it can. In this way, it is possible to excavate a double-circular cross section in which the center distance of the cutter head is short without any limitation on the excavation cross-sectional shape.

In the present invention, it is preferable that each cutter head is provided with a plurality of over cutters that can expand and contract in the radial direction of the cutter head. When such an overcutter is provided, by extending the overcutter at a required position, it is possible to excavate not only a shape in which circles are stacked in parallel but also a wider range of irregular cross sections (for example, rectangular cross sections). . In addition to the fact that the distance between the centers of the adjacent cutter heads can be reduced, it is also possible to excavate a rectangular cross section close to a square, which has been difficult in the past.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the plurality of cutter heads are arranged on the same plane. As a result, the stability of the excavation face can be ensured and the length of the machine can be prevented from being longer than that of the type in which the cutter head is arranged to be shifted back and forth.

In the present invention, the skin plate is further divided into a front trunk and a rear trunk, and the front trunk is divided into a plurality of front trunk parts for each cutter head. Can be individually bent with respect to the rear trunk in the vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the excavation direction. According to such a structure, since each cutter head can be bent individually or integrally,
Curve workability and direction controllability can be improved.

Further, a structure may be provided in which a separate chamber is provided for each of the cutter heads behind the plurality of cutter heads. With such a structure, for example, even if the soil quality of the excavated ground in front of each cutter head is different, it is possible to make the chamber shape optimal for excavated ground excavation, and to perform more stable excavation It becomes possible.

Next, the method for excavating a deformed section according to the present invention is as follows.
First, a deformed section excavation method using the above-described deformed section shield excavator is characterized in that a deformed section is excavated by swinging each cutter head synchronously in the same direction. .

According to such an excavation method, the possibility of interference between adjacent cutter heads is extremely reduced,
More stable excavation can be performed.

Further, the method for excavating a cross-section according to the present invention comprises:
Secondly, a deformed section excavation method using the above-mentioned deformed section shield excavator with an overcutter, wherein the overcutter is protruded at the time of excavating a rectangular corner when excavating a rectangular cross section or a substantially rectangular cross section. It is characterized by the following.

According to this excavation method, a wide range of irregular cross sections (for example, rectangular cross sections) can be excavated by projecting the overcutter at a required portion such as a rectangular corner.

[0019]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a modified shield excavator according to the present invention;

(First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a front view of a deformed shield excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the shield excavator. The head drive mechanism is shown in FIG.

In the shield section machine 1 of this embodiment, a skin plate 2 having a substantially rectangular cross section is provided, and two cutter heads 3 and 4 are provided in front of the skin plate 2 to drive a cutter head described later. It is arranged to be swingable by the mechanism 5. Behind the cutter heads 3 and 4, a chamber 7 is defined between the partition 7 and a partition wall 6, and a screw conveyor 8 for carrying out earth and sand is provided in the chamber 7 so as to open a front end. A ring girder 9 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the skin plate 2, and a number of shield jacks 10 are fixed to a flange mounted on the ring girder 9. In addition,
In FIG. 2, what is indicated by reference numeral 11 is an erector,
Reference numeral 12 denotes a segment expansion device.

With this configuration, the spreader mounted on the front end of the shield jack 10 is brought into contact with the front end surface of the segment 13 while driving the cutter heads 3 and 4 to extend the shield jack 10. Excavation is performed by letting it go. The earth and sand excavated by the cutter heads 3 and 4 and taken into the chamber 7 is conveyed backward by the screw conveyor 8.

Next, the detailed structure of the cutter heads 3 and 4 and the cutter head driving mechanism 5 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the cutter heads 3 and 4 of this embodiment are spoke type cutter heads.
The four spokes 14, 15, 16, 17 are arranged so that the angle between the adjacent spokes is 90 °, and the length of the inner spokes (spokes on the adjacent cutter head side) 17, 17 Is the other three spokes 1
The spokes 17 are formed so as to be shorter than the length of 4 to 16 and are arranged so that the tips of the short spokes 17 do not interfere with each other.

Each of the spokes 14 to 17 is provided with a leading bit 18 at the center and a tool bit 19 at both sides, and a face is excavated by each of the bits 18 and 19. The other three spokes 14 to 16 except for the inner spoke 17 each have an overcutter device 20 built therein. An overcutter 20 a provided at the tip of the overcutter device 20 is provided with an overcutter 20 a.
By protruding outward from the tips of No. to No. 16, the ground at the outer peripheral portion can be excavated.

The main shafts 21 of the cutter heads 3 and 4 are supported by a bush 22 at a front portion and a bearing 23 at a rear portion so as to be rotatable around an axis. Also,
The main shaft 21 has four brackets 2 on the outer peripheral surface at the center.
4a, 24b, 24c, and 24d are fixed, and the brackets 25a, 25b, 25c, and 25 are fixed to the brackets 24a to 24d and the inner wall surface of the skin plate 2.
and swing jacks 26a, 26b, 2 respectively.
6c and 26d are mounted. In this way, the pair of swinging jacks 26a and 26c, which are diagonally positioned with respect to each other, are operated in the extension direction, and at the same time, the other pair of swinging jacks 26b and 26d are operated in the contraction direction. After the rotation, the pair of rocking jacks 26a and 26c are operated in the contraction direction, and at the same time, the other pair of rocking jacks 26b and 26c are rotated.
By operating d in the extension direction, the cutter heads 3, 4
Are rotated in the opposite direction by a predetermined angle, and these operations are alternately repeated so that the cutter heads 3 and 4 perform a rocking motion within a predetermined angle range (100 ° in this embodiment). Has been.

The swinging motion of each of the cutter heads 3, 4 is as follows.
When one of the cutter heads 3 swings to the left in FIG. 1, the other cutter head 4 also swings to the left, so that the swing directions of the left and right cutter heads 3 and 4 match. The cutter heads 3 and 4 are driven synchronously.

In this embodiment, the spokes 14
In order to excavate the area A near the corner, which is the area outside the swing radius of ~ 16, and the upper and lower areas B between the cutter heads 3 and 4, in these areas A and B, the front end face of the skin plate 2 Over cutter 20 to fit the shape
a protrudes outward from the tips of the spokes 14-16. As a result, it is possible to excavate not only a shape obtained by simply overlapping circular shapes in parallel but also a wide range of irregular cross-sections including a rectangular shape.

(Second Embodiment) FIGS. 4 to 6 show a front view, a vertical sectional view, and a cutter head drive mechanism of a modified section shield excavator according to a second embodiment of the present invention, respectively.

In the first embodiment, two cutter heads 3 and 4 are provided for the integrated skin plate 2. In the second embodiment, however, the skin plate is connected via the articulated jack 27. The front body 28 is divided into a front body 28 and a rear body 29 that are bendable from each other, and the front body 28 is divided into left and right front body parts 28a and 28b for each of the cutter heads 3 and 4. The structure is. Thus, individual chambers 30, 31 are formed behind the cutter heads 3, 4. FIG. 7B schematically shows the body structure of the second embodiment. The other configuration is basically the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, portions common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

According to the structure of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8A, each of the divided front torso portions 28a and 28
b can be individually bent in the up and down direction of the excavation direction with respect to the rear trunk portion 29, and as shown in FIG. 8B, the left and right front torso portions 28a and 28b are moved in the excavation direction. It can be bent integrally in the left-right direction or individually in the left-right direction of the excavation direction although not shown. Therefore, it is possible to improve the curve workability and the direction controllability of the shield machine. In addition, each cutter head 3,
4, separate chambers 30, 31 and partition walls 32, 33
Is provided, for example, even if the soil quality of the excavated ground in front of each cutter head is different, it is possible to make the chamber shape optimal for excavated ground excavation, and perform more stable excavation It becomes possible.

In this embodiment, an example in which the front body and the rear body are formed separately has been described.
The configuration in which the individual chambers 30 and 31 are provided for each is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), the present invention can be applied to a shield excavator of a type having an integral body (skin plate 2) and not bending. On the contrary, the configuration in which the common chamber 7 is provided in the two cutter heads 3 and 4 is a shield excavator of a type that does not bend as shown in FIG. The present invention can be applied to any type of shield excavator of the type that bends as shown in FIG. 7D.

In each of the embodiments described above, two cutter heads are arranged side by side. However, these cutter heads may be arranged vertically. Also, the number of cutter heads is not limited to two,
It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which two or more pieces are arranged in parallel.

In the above embodiments, the spoke type cutter head has been described as an example. However, the type of the cutter head may be a face plate type. However, in the case of this face plate type, it is necessary to avoid interference between face plates between adjacent cutter heads. Therefore, it is necessary to cut out the face plate at that portion to form a substantially ginkgo-shaped face plate as a whole. Becomes

In each of the above embodiments, the swinging jack for swinging the cutter head drives the extension side swinging jack and the contraction side swinging jack in synchronization. For example, only the extension side is operated. An embodiment in which another pair of jacks are set in a free state is also possible. Further, the number of these swing jacks is not limited to four. Further, as a swing mechanism of the cutter head, a forward / reverse rotation motor can be used other than the swing jack.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a modified section shield excavator according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the modified section shield machine according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a cutter head driving mechanism according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a modified section shield machine according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a modified section shield excavator according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a cutter head driving mechanism according to a second embodiment.

FIGS. 7 (a), (b), (c), and (d) are diagrams illustrating a modification of the chamber shape.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are explanatory views of a bending form of a cutter head.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a conventional DOT type shield machine with a double circular cross section.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a conventional MF type double-circle section shield machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Deformed section shield machine 2 Skin plate 3, 4 Cutter head 5 Cutter head drive mechanism 6 Partition wall 7 Chamber 10 Shield jack 14, 15, 16, 17 Spoke 20 Overcutter device 20a Overcutter 21 Main shaft 22 Bush 23 Bearing 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d Swing jack 27 Articulated jack 28 Front trunk 29 Rear trunk 28a, 28b Front trunk 30, Chamber 32, 33 Partition wall

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Katsuji Ikezoe 1-1-5 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Fujiin Building Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. Machinery Department (72) Inventor Norio Mitani 3-Ueno, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 1-1 Inside the Komatsu Plant Osaka Plant (72) Inventor Takeshi Imamura 3-1-1 Ueno, Hirakata City, Osaka Prefecture Inside the Komatsu Plant Osaka Plant (56) References JP-A-3-197796 (JP, A) JP 6-41718 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/08

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of spokes extending radially from a main shaft.
Multiple cutter heads with
Each cutter head is cut around its own spindle.
The cutter can be swung by the head swing mechanism.
The heads do not interfere with each other
And excavation areas overlap each other
A deformed shield excavator characterized by being moved. 2. The deformed shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein each cutter head is provided with a plurality of over cutters that can expand and contract in the radial direction of the cutter head. 3. The shield section machine according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of cutter heads are arranged in the same plane. 4. A skin plate is divided into a front trunk and a rear trunk, and the front trunk is divided into a plurality of front trunk parts for each cutter head, and each of the divided front trunk parts is moved in the excavation direction. The deformed shield excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the excavator is capable of bending independently in the vertical and horizontal directions. 5. A separate chamber is provided for each of the cutter heads behind the plurality of cutter heads.
The deformed shield excavator according to any one of the above-mentioned items. 6. A deformed section excavation method using the deformed shield excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cutter head is rocked synchronously in the same direction to swing. A deformed section excavation method characterized by excavating a section. 7. A modified cross-section excavation method using a modified cross-section shield machine according to claim 2, projecting the over-cutter when the rectangular cross-section or substantially the cross-section close to a rectangular excavation during drilling corners of the rectangle A method for excavating a deformed cross section, wherein