JP3164480U - Fastening structure and fastening assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a fastening structure which can reduce a space generated between a washer and a fastened body even when a fastened body having a curved portion such as a pipe is included, and has high versatility. A fastening structure 1X is configured to fasten a plurality of fastened bodies including a fastened body 5 having a curved portion by a bolt 4, a nut, and a washer 3, and the washer 3 is axially symmetric. Is formed in the central portion of the base portion 32, an axially symmetric concave portion 42 is formed around the male screw portion 41 in the head portion 40 of the bolt 4, and the concave portion 42 The open side edge 42a is positioned so as to overlap with the inclined surface 31B forming the protruding portion 31 of the washer 3, and the open side edge 42a of the recess 42 of the bolt 4 presses the inclined surface 31B of the washer 3. Thus, the base 32 of the washer 3 is deformed so as to follow the curvature of the fastened body 5. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fastening structure that fastens a plurality of fastened bodies in which at least one of the plurality of fastened bodies has a curved portion, and a fastening assembly member used therefor.

  For example, fastening by fastening a fastened body having a curved portion such as a pipe, a bar, a corrugated plate, and the like or another fastened body having no curved portion with a bolt, a nut, and a washer. There is a structure. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 13, two fastened bodies 5 and 6 that are both pipes are arranged in an orthogonal direction and fastened by bolts 104, nuts 102, and washers 103 </ b> A and 103 </ b> B. That is, after the fastening holes 5a, 5a, 6a, 6a provided in the fastened bodies 5, 6 are positioned on the same axis, the male screw portion 141 of the bolt 104 is connected to the fastening holes 5a, via the washer 103A. 5a, 6a, and 6a are inserted into the male threaded portion 141 passing through the fastened body 6 and the nut 102 is screwed through the washer 103B, and the nut 102 is tightened to tighten the nut 102, the washer 103B, and the head portion 140 of the bolt 104. The washer 103A firmly fastens the fastened bodies 5 and 6 together. Such a fastening structure has various modes such that the bolt 104 and the nut 102 are turned upside down in the drawing, and the fastened body 6 is a flat plate instead of a pipe.

  In the fastening structure as described above, it is general to use ordinary bolts, nuts, and washers without particular distinction, regardless of whether the fastened body has a curved portion or is flat. Is. Among them, for a fastening structure for a fastened body having a curved portion, for example, in Patent Document 1, a washer (washer) has a curved surface corresponding to a predetermined curved portion of the fastened body. Thus, there is described a method in which a fastened body and a washer are brought into close contact with each other.

JP 2006-250213 A

  However, in the former fastening structure using the normal bolt, nut and washer, the fastened body is curved while the washer is flat, so the washer and the fastened body are not in surface contact. It becomes a line contact state. For this reason, there is a space between the washer and the periphery of the washer, and if an object touches the washer, a part of it may be peeled off, or if it is touched by a human body, it may be damaged. There is. On the other hand, since the fastening structure using the washer having a curved surface corresponding to the predetermined curved portion of the latter has various forms such as the shape of the curved surface portion of the fastened body, the washer is fitted to the fastened body. It must be manufactured and has low versatility.

  The present invention has been made in view of such reasons, and the purpose thereof is to reduce the space generated between the washer and the fastened body, even if the fastened body having a curved portion is included. Moreover, it is to provide a highly versatile fastening structure, and to provide a fastening member used for the fastening structure.

  In order to achieve the above object, a fastening structure according to claim 1 includes a bolt having a male screw part and a head, a nut having a female screw part screwed into the male screw part, and a male screw part of the bolt inserted in the center. A fastening structure for fastening a plurality of fastened bodies including a fastened body having a curved portion by a washer having an insertion hole to be projected, wherein the washer is axially symmetric and protrudes in a substantially trapezoidal shape in cross section Is formed at the center of the base, and an axially symmetric recess is formed on at least one of the periphery of the male thread in the bolt head and the periphery of the female thread in the nut, and the open side edge of the recess Is positioned so as to overlap with the inclined surface that forms the protrusion of the washer, and the open side edge of at least one of the recesses of the bolt and nut presses the inclined surface of the washer so that the base of the washer is covered. And characterized by being deformed along the curvature of the sintered body.

  A fastening structure according to a second aspect is characterized in that, in the fastening structure according to the first aspect, the periphery of the insertion hole of the washer meshes with a valley portion of a male screw portion of the bolt.

  The fastening structure according to claim 3 includes a bolt having a male screw part and a head, a nut having a female screw part screwed into the male screw part, a washer having an insertion hole through which the male screw part of the bolt is inserted at the center, The fastening structure is configured to fasten a plurality of fastened bodies including a fastened body having a curved portion, and the washer is formed in a central portion of the base with a protruding portion that is axially symmetric and protrudes in a substantially trapezoidal shape in cross section. The projecting portion is formed with a plurality of cuts, and the bottom surface of the bolt head or the bottom surface of the nut presses the projecting portion of the washer, so that the base portion of the washer is deformed so as to follow the curvature of the fastened body. It is characterized by becoming.

  The assembly member for fastening according to claim 4 includes: a bolt having a male screw portion and a head; a nut having a female screw portion screwed into the male screw portion; and a washer having an insertion hole through which the male screw portion of the bolt is inserted in the center. The washer includes a projecting portion that is axially symmetric and protrudes in a substantially trapezoidal shape in cross-section, and is formed at the center portion of the base portion. A symmetric concave portion is formed, and the open side edge of the concave portion is superposed in a plane on an inclined surface that forms the protruding portion of the washer.

  The assembly member for fastening according to claim 5 includes a bolt having a male screw portion and a head, a nut having a female screw portion screwed into the male screw portion, and a washer having an insertion hole through which the male screw portion of the bolt is inserted in the center. The washer includes a projecting portion that is axially symmetric and protrudes in a substantially trapezoidal shape in cross section, and is formed in a central portion of the base portion. And the open-side edge of the recess overlaps with the inclined surface forming the projection of the washer in a planar manner.

  A fastening assembly member according to a sixth aspect is the fastening assembly member according to the fourth or fifth aspect, wherein the washer has a thickness smaller than a pitch of a male screw portion of a bolt.

  The fastening assembly member according to claim 7 includes a bolt having a male screw portion and a head, a nut having a female screw portion screwed into the male screw portion, and a washer having an insertion hole through which the male screw portion of the bolt is inserted in the center. The washer includes a projecting portion that is axially symmetric and protrudes in a substantially trapezoidal shape in cross section, and is formed in a central portion of the base portion so that the deformation of the base portion increases near the notch. The part is formed with a cut of 4 or more and 8 or less.

  According to the fastening structure of the present invention, the open side edge of at least one recess of the bolt and nut presses the inclined surface of the protruding portion of the washer so that the base of the washer follows the curve of the fastened body. Since it is deformed, the space generated between the washer and the fastened body in the fastened body having a wide variety of curved surface portions can be reduced, and more versatile. Moreover, if the assembly member for fastening of this invention is used, the fastening structure of this invention can be formed.

It is front sectional drawing of the fastening structure which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, (a) is each state of the state at the time of a fastening start, (b) in the middle of fastening, (c) is the state just before completion of fastening. It is side surface sectional drawing of a fastening structure same as the above, (a) is each state of the state at the time of a fastening start, (b) in the middle of fastening, (c) is a state just before completion of fastening. The bolt of the fastening assembly member same as the above is shown, (a) is a plan view, (b) is an AA cross-sectional view, and (c) is a plan view seen from below. The washer of a fastening assembly member same as the above is shown, (a) is a plan view and (b) is a BB sectional view. It is front sectional drawing of the fastening structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (a) is each state of the state at the time of a fastening start, (b) in the middle of fastening, (c) is a state just before completion of fastening. It is side surface sectional drawing of a fastening structure same as the above, (a) is each state of the state at the time of a fastening start, (b) in the middle of fastening, (c) is a state just before completion of fastening. The nut of a fastening assembly member same as the above is shown, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a sectional view taken along the line CC, and (c) is a plan view as seen from below. It is a photograph of the experimental result of 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The washer of the conclusion assembly member of the conclusion structure concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention is shown, (a) is a top view and (b) is a DD sectional view. The state at the time of the fastening start of a fastening structure same as the above is shown, (a) is front sectional drawing, (b) is side sectional drawing. It is a photograph of an experimental result of a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. The state at the time of the fastening start of the fastening structure which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is front sectional drawing, (b) is side sectional drawing. It is a general example in the case of fastening two to-be-fastened bodies which have a curved part.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are sectional views for explaining a fastening structure 1X according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment, the curved portion of the fastened body 5 in the case shown in FIG. 13 is fastened by the head 40 of the bolt 4 and the washer 3. Another body to be fastened 6 (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) may be a curved plate like a pipe or a flat plate. In the case where the other body to be fastened 6 has a curved portion, a second embodiment of the present invention described later can be applied.

  The fastened body 5 is, for example, a long cylindrical pipe, and the entire outer shell is a curved portion. 1 is a front cross-sectional view cut in the radial direction of the fastened body, and FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view cut in a direction orthogonal to the radial direction, that is, in the axial direction of the fastened body. FIGS. 1 and 2A are states at the start of fastening, FIG. 1B is a state in the middle of fastening, and FIG. 1 and 2, the lower portion of the male screw portion 41 of the bolt 4 is omitted, but the male screw portion 41 is inserted through the fastened body 6 and the nut 2 ′ is screwed together.

  The bolt 4 has a head portion 40 and a male screw portion 41 and is integrally formed. 3A and 3B show the bolt 4, where FIG. 3A is a plan view, FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of main parts cut along A-A in FIG. 3A, and FIG. The head 40 is a prism (for example, a regular hexagonal prism), and a male screw portion 41 is formed below the head 40 in the figure. The dimensions of the bolt 4 vary greatly depending on the structure used (for example, a bridge, a precision machine, etc.). For example, the outer diameter of the male screw portion 41 (diameter of the thread portion) is 10 mm, the inner diameter (diameter of the valley portion) is 8 mm, and the pitch (Screw spacing) 2 mm. The bolt 4 has a high hardness and is made of metal (for example, iron or stainless steel).

An axially symmetric recess 42 is formed around the male screw portion 41 of the head 40 of the bolt 4. The recess 42 is in a position where the open side edge 42a overlaps with an inclined surface 31B of a protrusion 31 (described later) of the washer 3 in a plane. Here, axial symmetry means symmetry with respect to the central axis T of the bolt 4. Further, the radial dimension or the like of the open side edge 42a becomes clearer by referring to the washer 3 described later. The recess 42 includes a side surface 42A inclined from the open side edge 42a toward the bottom and a bottom surface 42B. Accordingly, the male screw portion 41 is located at the center of the bottom surface 42B. In FIG. 3C, a line drawn by the open side edge 42a, a line drawn by the intersection 42b of the side surface 42A and the bottom surface 42B, and a line drawn by the peak 41a of the male screw portion 41 are substantially concentric circles. The diameter of the circle drawn by the edge 42a is, for example, 16 mm. Further, the side surface inclination theta ₁ of 42A depth, for example 4 mm, the recess 42 of the recess 42 is approximately 15 degrees with respect to the center axis T, for example.

  In addition, when a manufacturing apparatus by normal rolling or the like is used, it is not easy to form a screw thread as close as possible to the head 40 of the male screw portion 41. In this embodiment, a screw thread is formed in the vicinity of the head 40. There are parts that are not. However, when a screw thread is formed up to the head 40 of the male screw portion 41 by using a special manufacturing apparatus or the like, as in the case of the nut 2 in the second embodiment described later, the male screw portion 41 is tightened. It is desirable that the washer 3 can be meshed with the valley portion of this.

4A and 4B show the washer 3. FIG. 4A is a plan view, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. The washer 3 has a protruding portion 31 that is axially symmetric and has a substantially trapezoidal shape when viewed from the side, and protrudes from the central portion of the base portion 32. Accordingly, the inclined surface 31B forming the protruding portion 31 is also formed axially symmetrical. Further, an insertion hole 33 through which the male threaded portion 41 of the bolt 4 is inserted in the upper portion 31 </ b> A of the protruding portion 31. Further, the upper portion 31A of the protruding portion 31 has little or very little inclination. The base 32 may be slightly inclined or flat. The height of the protrusion 31 is, for example, 3 mm, and the inclination φ of the inclined surface 31B of the protrusion 31 is such that the open end edge 42a of the recess 42 of the bolt 4 can contact the inclined surface 31B of the protrusion 31. equal to or slightly larger than the inclination theta ₁ of the side surface 42A of, for example, of about 20 degrees with respect to the central axis X. The central axis X is common to the central axis T of the bolt 4 in FIG. 3 described above.

  The width (the length in the radial direction) of the protrusion 31 of the washer 3 is set so that the open side edge 42 a of the recess 42 of the bolt 4 can contact the inclined surface 31 </ b> B of the protrusion 31. That is, the diameter of the circle drawn by the intersection 31a between the base 32 and the inclined surface 31B is larger than the diameter of the circle drawn by the open side edge 42a of the recess 42 of the bolt 4, and the intersection 31b between the inclined surface 31B and the upper portion 31A is The diameter of the circle to draw is small. The circle drawn by the intersection 31a, the circle drawn by the intersection 31b, and the circle drawn by the peripheral edge 33a of the insertion hole 33 are substantially concentric circles. The diameters of these circles are, for example, 18 mm, 14 mm, and 12 mm in order.

  Although the thickness (plate thickness) of the washer 3 should not be too thin from the viewpoint of strength, it is desirable that the washer 3 is thin in terms of deformation along the curve of the fastened body as will be described later. The thickness of the washer 3 is 1 mm, for example. When the screw thread is formed up to the head 40 of the male screw portion 41 as described above, the thickness of the base portion 32 is set so that the washer 3 is engaged with the valley portion of the male screw portion 41 by tightening. It is desirable to be thinner than the pitch (thread pitch).

  Since the material of the washer 3 is deformed so as to follow the curve of the fastened body, it is necessary to have elasticity and be able to withstand the deformation. More preferably, it has a spring property, and when it is loosened, it is almost restored to its original state and can be reused. Specifically, it is a metal, such as carbon steel and stainless steel.

  Next, the whole fastening structure 1X will be described. First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, two fastened bodies 5 and 6 (fastened body 6 is not shown) are arranged, and fastening holes 5 a, 5 a, 6 a and 6 a are the same. After being positioned on the axis, the insertion hole 33 is aligned with the fastening hole 5a, the washer 3 is placed on the outer surface of the body 5 to be fastened, the male threaded portion 41 of the bolt 4 is inserted into the insertion hole 33, the fastening holes 5a, 5a, A nut 2 ′ (not shown) is screwed into a male screw portion 41 that is inserted through 6 a and 6 a and penetrates the fastened body 6. At this time, the open side edge 42a of the concave portion 42 of the bolt 4 is in a position where it is overlapped with the inclined surface 31B forming the protruding portion 31, and is in contact with the inclined surface 31B.

  When the nut 2 'is turned from this state, the open side edge 42a presses the inclined surface 31B. Here, the washer 3 is deformed as follows. That is, a force in the lateral direction as well as the downward direction acts on the inclined surface 31B, and in the axial direction of the fastened body 5, a part of the protruding portion 31 enters the concave portion 42 as shown in FIG. The diameter of the intersection 31b and the insertion hole 33 is reduced. On the other hand, in the radial direction of the fastened body, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the diameter of the intersection 31 b and the insertion hole 33 extends, and the base 32 is deformed so as to follow the curvature of the fastened body 5.

  Further, when a sufficient fastening force is obtained by turning the nut 2 ', fastening (tightening) is completed. The insertion hole 33 has an elliptical shape extending in the axial direction of the fastened body.

  Here, the depth dimension of the recess 42 of the bolt 4 is set to be larger than the height from the base 32 of the protrusion 31 in the washer 3, and when a part of the protrusion 31 enters the recess 42 by tightening, the recess The bottom surface 42B of 42 does not restrict the movement of the protrusion 31. Further, when the peripheral edge of the insertion hole 33 comes into contact with the male screw portion 41 of the bolt 4 in the axial direction of the fastened body, the diameters of the intersection 31b and the insertion hole 33 are almost eliminated, and the intersection 31b in the radial direction of the fastened body and The extension of the diameter of the insertion hole 33 is almost eliminated. Therefore, in order to sufficiently deform the body to be fastened 5 so as to follow the curve, it is necessary to reserve a sufficient margin between the diameter of the insertion hole 33 and the inner diameter of the male screw portion 41 before tightening.

  In this way, the washer 3 is deformed as the nut 2 'is turned and tightened, and the mechanism is considered as follows. During tightening, the inclined surface 31B of the washer 3 receives pressure downward (in the direction toward the fastened body 5) by the open side edge 42a of the bolt 4. On the other hand, the washer 3 receives upward pressure from the fastened body 5, but the pressure in the radial direction of the fastened body is smaller than the pressure in the axial direction of the fastened body because of the curvature of the fastened body 5. . As a result, the lateral force in the axial direction of the body to be fastened is larger than the force in the radial direction of the body to be fastened, and the diameter of the intersection 31b of the protrusion 31 is reduced in the axial direction of the body to be fastened. . Accordingly, in the radial direction of the body to be fastened, the diameter of the intersection 31b of the protruding portion 31 extends by the amount contracted in the axial direction of the body to be fastened, and the base 32 also curves as the diameter of the intersection 31b increases. Will be deformed along.

  Thus, the washer 3 can be deformed so as to follow the curve of the fastened body 5, thereby reducing the space between the washer 3 and the fastened body 5. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility of peeling off a part of an object when touched or damaging it when touched by a human body. In particular, when the fastening hole 5a of the fastened body 5 extends long in the radial direction of the fastened body or in the axial direction of the fastened body, the fastening hole 5a is appropriately blocked using the larger washer 3. Is also possible. Further, the deformation along the curve is effective from the viewpoint of preventing loosening because the natural reverse rotation of the washer 3 with respect to the fastened body 5 is prevented and the contact area between the washer 3 and the fastened body 5 is increased. is there.

  Since the base portion 32 of the washer 3 is deformed along the curvature of the fastened body 5 from the flat state, it can correspond to the fastened body 5 having various curved surface portions.

  Next, a fastening structure 1Y according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment, the curved surface of the fastened body 5 is not the head 40 and the washer 3 of the bolt 4 in the first embodiment, but the male screw portion 41 ′ of the nut 2, the washer 3, and the bolt 4 ′. It is concluded by. 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views for explaining the fastening structure 1Y. The other fastened body 6 (not shown in FIGS. 5 and 6) may be curved like a pipe or a flat plate. When the other fastened body 6 has a curved portion, the first embodiment of the present invention can be applied by using the bolt 4 as the bolt 4 'on the fastened body 6 side. When the fastened body 6 is a flat plate, a general one that has been widely used in the past may be used as the bolt 4 '.

  FIG. 5 is a front cross-sectional view cut along the radial direction of the fastened body, and FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the fastened body, that is, the axial direction of the fastened body. 5 and 6A are states at the start of fastening, FIG. 5B is a state in the middle of fastening, and FIG. 5 and 6, the lower part of the male screw part 41 ′ of the bolt 4 ′ (the head side of the bolt 4 ′) is omitted, but the male screw part 41 ′ is inserted through the fastened body 6.

  7A and 7B show the nut 2. FIG. 7A is a plan view, FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 7A, and FIG. 7C is a plan view seen from below. The nut 2 is a prism (for example, a regular hexagonal prism), and is formed with a female screw portion 21 that is in hinge with the male screw portion 41 ′ of the bolt 4 ′. The nut 2 has a high hardness and is made of metal (for example, iron or stainless steel).

On one opening side (the lower side in FIG. 7B) of the female screw portion 21, a concave portion 22 that is axially symmetric and has a substantially trapezoidal shape in cross section is formed. The recess 22 is in a position where the open side edge 22 a overlaps with the inclined surface 31 B of the protrusion 31 of the washer 3 in a plane. Here, axial symmetry means symmetry with respect to the central axis T of the nut 2. The recess 22 includes a side surface 22A that is inclined from the open side edge 22a toward the bottom, and a bottom surface 22B. Accordingly, the opening of the female screw portion 21 is located at the center of the bottom surface 22B. In FIG. 7C, the line drawn by the open side edge 22a, the line drawn by the intersection 22b of the side surface 22A and the bottom surface 22B, and the line drawn by the peak portion 21a of the female screw part 21 are substantially concentric circles. The diameter of the circle drawn by the edge 22a is, for example, 16 mm. The depth of the recess 22 is for example 4 mm, inclination theta ₂ of the side surface 22A of the recess 22 is approximately 15 degrees with respect to the center axis T, for example.

The washer 3 is the same as the washer 3 in the first embodiment. The inclination φ of the inclined surface 31B of the projecting portion 31, as the open side edge 22a of the recess 22 of the nut 2 can be brought into contact with the inclined surface 31B of the projecting portion 31, equal to or inclined theta ₂ of the side surface 22A of the concave portion 22 It is slightly larger than, for example, about 20 degrees with respect to the central axis T. Further, the width (the length in the radial direction) of the protruding portion 31 of the washer 3 is set so that the open side edge 22 a of the recess 22 of the nut 2 can contact the inclined surface 31 </ b> B of the protruding portion 31. The thickness of the washer 3 is such that the thickness of the base 32 is thinner than the pitch of the male screw portion 41 ′ (that is, the pitch of the female screw portion 21) so that the washer 3 meshes with the valley of the male screw portion 41 ′ by tightening. desirable.

  Next, the fastening structure 1Y will be described. First, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 (a), two fastened bodies 5 and 6 (the fastened body 6 is not shown) are arranged, and the fastening holes 5a, 5a, 6a and 6a are the same. After being positioned on the axis, the insertion hole 33 is aligned with the fastening hole 5a, the washer 3 is placed on the outer surface of the body to be fastened 5, and the male thread portion 41 'of the bolt 4' is inserted from the other fastened body 6 side. The nuts 2 are screwed into the male screw portions 41 ′ that pass through the fastening holes 6 a, 6 a, 5 a, 5 a and the insertion hole 33 and penetrate the insertion hole 33.

  As the nut 2 is turned, the open side edge 22a of the recess 22 comes to a position where it planarly overlaps with the inclined surface 31B forming the protruding portion 31, and comes into contact. When the nut 2 is further turned, the open side edge 22a presses the inclined surface 31B. Here, the washer 3 is deformed as follows. That is, a downward and lateral force acts on the inclined surface 31B, and in the axial direction of the body to be fastened, as shown in FIG. The diameters of 31b and the insertion hole 33 are reduced. On the other hand, in the radial direction of the fastened body, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the diameter of the intersection 31 b and the insertion hole 33 is extended, and the base portion 32 is deformed so as to follow the curvature of the fastened body 5.

  When the nut 2 is further turned and tightened, the peripheral edge 33a of the insertion hole 33 comes into contact with the male screw portion 41 ′ of the bolt 4 ′ in the axial direction of the fastened body 5, and further, as shown in FIG. It meshes with the valley of the portion 41 ′. Since a sufficient fastening force is obtained when meshing in this manner, the fastening (tightening) is almost completed. The insertion hole 33 has an elliptical shape extending in the axial direction of the fastened body.

  Here, the depth dimension of the recess 22 of the nut 2 is set larger than the height from the base 32 of the protrusion 31 in the washer 3, and when a part of the protrusion 31 enters the recess 22 by tightening, The bottom surface 22 </ b> B of the recess 22 does not restrict the movement of the protrusion 31. Further, when the peripheral edge of the insertion hole 33 comes into contact with the male screw portion 41 ′ of the bolt 4 ′ in the axial direction of the fastening body, the diameters of the intersection 31b of the protrusion 31 and the diameter of the insertion hole 33 are almost eliminated. The extension of the diameter of the intersection 31b of the protrusion 31 and the insertion hole 33 in the direction is almost eliminated. Therefore, in order to sufficiently deform the body to be fastened 5 so as to follow the curve, it is necessary to leave a sufficient margin between the diameter of the insertion hole 33 before tightening and the diameter of the valley portion of the male screw portion 41 ′.

  In addition, since the washer 3 may be slightly rotated by tightening, the oval direction of the washer 3 in the fastening completion state may slightly deviate from the curve direction of the fastened body 5.

  Thus, the washer 3 can obtain a strong fastening force by engaging the peripheral edge 33a of the insertion hole 33 with the valley portion of the male screw portion 41 ′ of the bolt 4 ′, and is deformed so as to follow the curve of the fastened body 5. By doing so, the space between the fastened bodies 5 can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility of peeling off a part of an object when touched or damaging it when touched by a human body. In particular, when the fastening hole 5a of the fastened body 5 extends in the radial direction of the fastened body or the axial center of the fastened body, the fastening hole 5a may be appropriately blocked using a large washer 3. Is possible. Further, the deformation along the curve is effective from the viewpoint of preventing loosening because the natural reverse rotation of the washer 3 with respect to the fastened body 5 is prevented and the contact area between the washer 3 and the fastened body 5 is increased. is there.

  Since the base portion 32 of the washer 3 is deformed along the curvature of the fastened body 5 from the flat state, it can correspond to the fastened body 5 having various curved surface portions.

  In the above, the fastening structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and the assembly member for fastening which can form it were demonstrated. The first embodiment and the second embodiment are independent, and only one of them may be implemented, or both may be implemented. The bolt 4 and the washer 3 are combined at least for the first embodiment, and the nut 2 and the washer 3 are combined at least for the second embodiment and are provided to the market as a set of fastening members. The Alternatively, on the assumption that they are used in combination, each may be provided to the market alone.

  FIG. 8 shows photographs of the results of experiments conducted in both the first embodiment and the second embodiment. (A) is on the left, and (b) is on the right, with the viewpoint slightly tilted. The to-be-fastened bodies 5 and 6 are the same shape, and consist of a cylindrical part (white part of a center) and a partial cylindrical part (black part) integrally formed in the one bottom face. In this fastening structure, the fastened bodies 5 and 6 are brought into contact with other bottom surfaces of the cylindrical portion, and bolts 4 and washers 3 and nuts 2 and washers 3 are used in the fastening holes on the curved side surfaces of the partial cylindrical portions. It is fastened by hand. In the experimental result, both the left and right washers 3, 3 are deformed so as to follow the curvature of the fastened body. The degree of deformation was better for the washer 3 on the left side (bolt 4 side). This is considered to be because the axial pressure of the bolt 4 is applied to the washer 3 on the bolt 4 side from the beginning to the end of tightening, and no force in the rotational direction is applied.

  Next, a fastening structure 1Z according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. The fastening structure 1Z fastens the curved portion of the fastened body 5 with a bolt head and a washer, similarly to the fastening structure 1X according to the first embodiment. The bolt 4 ′ used in the fastening structure 1 </ b> Z is a general one that has been widely used, and the washer 7 is a modification of the washer 3 used in the first and second embodiments. .

  FIGS. 9A and 9B show the washer 7 which is the fastening assembly member. FIG. 9A is a plan view, and FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along DD of FIG. Note that the cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 4A is the same as that in FIG. The washer 7 has a projecting portion 71 that is axially symmetric and has a substantially trapezoidal shape when viewed from the side, and protrudes from the central portion of the base portion 72. A plurality of slits 74, 74,... Are formed from the peripheral edge 73a of the insertion hole 73 to the base 72 in the radial direction. For example, the notch 74 has a width of 2 mm and a length of 5 mm.

  The number of notches 74, 74,... Is 4 or more and 8 or less. Thereby, the protrusion part 71 is divided | segmented into the block (protrusion piece) of 4-8. As shown in FIG. 11 to be described later, if there are four or more notches 74, 74,..., The base 72 can be sufficiently deformed so as to follow the curve of the body 5 to be fastened. On the other hand, when the number of the slits 74, 74,... Is too large, when the protruding piece is pressed, only the protruding piece is deformed so as to be inclined inward, and the base 72 is hardly deformed. Therefore, the number of the notches 74, 74,... Is suitably 8 or less. In this embodiment, the number of cuts 74, 74,... Is 4, and the projecting portion 71 is composed of projecting pieces 711, 712, 713, 714.

  The whole fastening structure 1Z will be described. FIG. 10 shows a state at the start of fastening, (a) is a front sectional view cut along the radial direction of the fastened body, and (b) a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the fastened body, that is, It is side surface sectional drawing cut | disconnected along the axial center direction of a to-be-fastened body. First, as shown in the figure, as in the case of the fastening structure 1X, the fastened bodies 5 and 6 (the fastened body 6 is not shown), the washer 7, the bolt 4 ', and the nut 2' (not shown). Is disposed. The lower surface 40A 'of the head portion 40' of the bolt 4 'is in contact with the protruding portion 71 of the washer 7, that is, the upper portions 711A, 712A, 713A, 714A of the protruding pieces 711, 712, 713, 714. Here, the protruding pieces 711 and 713 are arranged in the radial direction of the fastened body, and the protruding pieces 712 and 714 are arranged in the axial direction of the fastened body.

  As the nut 2 ′ is turned, the lower surface 40A ′ of the head 40 ′ of the bolt 4 ′ presses the protruding pieces 711, 712, 713, 714, and the upper portions 711A, 712A, 713A, 714A face downward (fastened) Pressure is applied to the body 5. Since the protruding pieces 711, 712, 713, 714 are separated by the notches 74, 74,..., They deform independently of each other and transmit pressure to the base 72 independently. On the other hand, upward pressure is applied to the base 72 from the fastened body 5, but the size varies depending on the surface shape of the portion of the fastened body 5 that contacts the base 72. That is, since the portion of the fastened body 5 that contacts the outer base 72 of the protruding pieces 711 and 713 is curved, the upward pressure of that portion of the base 72 is applied to the outer base of the protruding pieces 712 and 714. It is smaller than the upward pressure of 72 part. Therefore, the protruding pieces 711 and 713 and the outer base 72 portion thereof are deformed so as to move downward, so that the outer base 72 portions of the protruding pieces 712 and 714 are deformed downward as they become ends. Accordingly, the base 72 is deformed so as to follow the curvature of the fastened body 5.

  Note that the base 72 is deformed so as to follow the curvature of the fastened body 5 regardless of where the notches 74, 74,... For example, when the notches 74, 74 between the protruding pieces 711, 712 and the protruding pieces 713, 714 are in the radial direction of the fastened body, the protruding pieces 711, 712, 713, 714 As the slits 74 and 74 between 712 and the projecting pieces 713 and 714 are approached, they are deformed downward.

  FIG. 11 shows photographs of experimental results of the third embodiment. The fastened body 5 is composed of a partial cylindrical portion (left black portion), and the fastened body 6 is formed by integrally forming two cylindrical portions (a central white portion and a right black portion). In this fastening structure, the flat side surface of the fastened body 5 and the bottom surface of the fastened body 6 are in contact with each other, and the bolt 4 ′, the washer 7 and the fastened body 6 are fastened in the fastening holes on the curved side surface of the fastened body 5. In other fastening holes on the bottom surface, the nuts 2 'are used for fastening by hand. In the experimental result, the washer 7 is deformed so as to follow the curvature of the fastened body 5.

  Next, a fastening structure 1Z 'according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The fastening structure 1Z 'is for fastening the curved portion of the fastened body 5 with a nut and a washer, similarly to the fastening structure 1Y according to the second embodiment. The nut 2 'used in the fastening structure 1Z' is a general one that has been widely used in the past, and the washer 7 is the same as that used in the fastening structure 1Z according to the third embodiment.

  FIG. 12 shows a state at the start of fastening, (a) is a front sectional view cut along the radial direction of the fastened body, and (b) cut along the axial direction of the fastened body. It is side surface sectional drawing. First, as shown in the figure, as in the case of the fastening structure 1Y, the fastened bodies 5 and 6 (the fastened body 6 is not shown), the washer 7, the nut 2 ', and the bolt 4' (not shown). Is disposed. As the nut 2 ′ is turned, the lower surface 20A ′ of the nut 2 ′ presses the protruding portion 71 of the washer 7, that is, the protruding pieces 711, 712, 713, and 714. Hereinafter, the washer 7 is similar to the fastening structure 1Z. Transforms.

  Thus, in the fastening structures 1 </ b> Z and 1 </ b> Z ′, the washer 7 can be deformed along the curve of the fastened body 5, thereby reducing the space between the fastened body 5. As a result, it is possible to obtain the same effect as described in the above-described fastening structures 1X and 1Y. And since it is a combination with general bolt 4 'and nut 2' instead of the bolt 4 in which the recessed part 42 was formed, or the nut 2 in which the recessed part 22 was formed, the cost concerning forming a fastening structure is reduced. Can be reduced.

  The present invention is not limited to the one described in the embodiment, and various design changes can be made within the scope of the matters described in the claims of the utility model registration. For example, the size, fine shape, and material of the bolts 4, washers 3 and 7 and nuts 2 described in the embodiment can be arbitrarily selected according to the environment in which they are used (difference between outdoors and indoors) and the object to be fastened. It is possible to prepare various types.

  Further, in the washer 3 described in the embodiment, the center positions of the projecting portion 31 and the insertion hole 33 are substantially the same, but the center positions of the projecting portion 31 and the insertion hole 33 are eccentric. It is also possible to use it. In this case, even after the peripheral edge of the insertion hole 33 contacts one side of the male screw portion 41 ′ of the bolt 4 ′ in the axial direction of the body to be fastened in the second embodiment, the other side is not in contact. It can be expected that the diameter of the intersection 31b of 31 and the diameter of the insertion hole 33 continue to be reduced, and the deformation along the curve of the fastened body 5 can be continued.

1X, 1Y, 1Z, 1Z ′ Fastening structure 2, 2 ′ Nut 21, 21 ′ Nut female thread 22 Nut recess 22a Nut recess open side edge 20A ′ Nut 2 ′ lower surface 3, 7 Washer 31, 71 Washer projection 31B Inclined surface of projection 31 of washer 3 32, 72 Washer base 33, 73 Washer insertion hole 4, 4 'bolt 40, 40' bolt head 40A 'bolt 40' head 40 'Lower surface 41, 41' Bolt male thread portion 42 Bolt recess 42a Open side edge of bolt recess 5, 6 Fastened body 5a, 6a Fastening hole 711, 712, 713, 714 of washer 7 Protruding piece forming the protruding portion 71

Claims (7)

A to-be-fastened body having a curved portion is included by a bolt having a male screw portion and a head, a nut having a female screw portion screwed into the male screw portion, and a washer having an insertion hole through which the male screw portion of the bolt is inserted in the center. A fastening structure for fastening a plurality of fastened bodies,
The washer has an axially symmetrical projecting portion that protrudes in a substantially trapezoidal shape in cross section, and is formed at the center of the base.
An inclined surface in which an axially symmetric recess is formed in at least one of the periphery of the male screw portion in the head of the bolt and the periphery of the female screw portion in the nut, and the open side edge of the recess forms a protrusion of the washer. Is in a position to superimpose in a plane,
A fastening structure, wherein the open side edge of at least one recess of the bolt and the nut presses the inclined surface of the washer so that the base of the washer is deformed along the curve of the fastened body. The fastening structure according to claim 1,
A fastening structure characterized in that a peripheral edge of an insertion hole of the washer meshes with a valley portion of a male screw portion of a bolt. A to-be-fastened body having a curved portion is included by a bolt having a male screw portion and a head, a nut having a female screw portion screwed into the male screw portion, and a washer having an insertion hole through which the male screw portion of the bolt is inserted in the center. A fastening structure for fastening a plurality of fastened bodies,
The washer has an axially symmetrical projecting portion that protrudes in a substantially trapezoidal shape in cross section, and is formed at the center of the base.
The protrusion is formed with a plurality of cuts,
A fastening structure in which a base portion of a washer is deformed so as to follow a curve of a body to be fastened by pressing a projecting portion of the washer with a bottom surface of a bolt head or a bottom surface of a nut. A fastening assembly comprising: a bolt having a male screw part and a head; a nut having a female screw part screwed into the male screw part; and a washer having an insertion hole through which the male screw part of the bolt is inserted in the center;
The washer has an axially symmetrical projecting portion that protrudes in a substantially trapezoidal shape in cross section, and is formed at the center of the base.
An axially symmetric recess is formed around the male threaded portion of the head of the bolt, and the open side edge of the recess overlaps with an inclined surface forming the washer protrusion. A fastening member as a feature. A fastening assembly comprising: a bolt having a male screw part and a head; a nut having a female screw part screwed into the male screw part; and a washer having an insertion hole through which the male screw part of the bolt is inserted in the center;
The washer has an axially symmetrical projecting portion that protrudes in a substantially trapezoidal shape in cross section, and is formed at the center of the base.
An axially symmetric recess is formed around the female screw portion of the nut, and an open side edge of the recess is superposed on an inclined surface forming a washer protrusion. Assembly member for fastening. In the assembly member for fastening according to claim 4 or 5,
The assembled member for fastening, wherein the washer has a thickness smaller than a pitch of a male screw portion of a bolt. A fastening assembly comprising: a bolt having a male screw part and a head; a nut having a female screw part screwed into the male screw part; and a washer having an insertion hole through which the male screw part of the bolt is inserted in the center;
The washer has an axially symmetric projection that protrudes in a substantially trapezoidal shape when viewed in cross section, and is formed at the center of the base, and the protrusion has a cut of 4 or more and 8 or less so that the deformation of the base increases. A fastening assembly member characterized by comprising: