JP3161062U - Hydroelectric power generation equipment using natural rivers - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To use a step of a river bed of a natural river to use almost 100% of the water flow for power generation, and to enable power generation even when the amount of water in the river is small. SOLUTION: A hydroelectric power generation apparatus 10 is installed on both riverbanks, with both banks fixed with concrete on the riverbed in the lower part of the natural river with a step on the riverbed and the ceiling part flush with the upper part of the river. The hydroelectric power generation apparatus 10 is installed between a falling water slope 20 having a falling water channel 21 in the center of the bottom and a V-shaped falling water slope 22 formed toward the falling water channel, and between the falling water slope 22 and the falling water channel 21. The helical water wheel 23 that rotates vertically in response to the falling water from the falling slope, and the rotation conversion gear unit 30 that is connected to the rotating shaft end of the helical water wheel and converts the vertical rotational motion of the helical water turbine 23 into lateral rotational motion. And a power generation chamber 35 provided with a power generation device 34 that is connected to the upstream side of the water falling part 20 and generates power by transmitting the rotational motion of the rotation conversion gear part 30; The downfall channel 21 at the lower part leading to the spiral turbine 23 Drainage spillway 41 which communicates is formed and a guide block 40. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement of a hydroelectric power generation apparatus capable of generating electric power by utilizing the flow energy of natural rivers of various sizes.

  Hydroelectric power generation by dams and the like is carried out all over Japan, but in recent years, hydroelectric power generation technology using hydroelectric energy of rivers has been scattered in utility model registration documents. For example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-127857 (Patent Document 1) partially dams a river, arranges a unit-type power generator there, and converts the water current energy of the river into a rotational motion to generate power. Is disclosed. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-16894 (Patent Document 2) also discloses a technique of arranging a plurality of water turbine power generation devices along the river width of the river, and converting water current energy thereby to generate power.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No.57-127857 JP2006-16894

  However, in the technique of Patent Document 1, the unit-type power generation device is only partially installed in the river, and Patent Document 2 does not use all of the water flow, so that a loss occurs in the use of the water flow. The problem was that sufficient power generation could not be expected. Moreover, even if the technique of these patent documents is applied to a flat river bed, the subject that it cannot apply to a river bed with a level | step difference in a natural river also arises.

The present invention for solving the above problems has the following features.
That is, the first invention of the present invention is a hydraulic power system in which both banks and the bottom are fixed with concrete on the bottom of a natural river with a vertical difference in level on the riverbed, and the ceiling is flush with the riverbed of the upper stage of the river. A hydroelectric generator is installed across both banks, and the hydroelectric generator has a waterfall section having a waterfall channel at the center of the bottom and a V-shaped waterfall slope formed toward the waterfall channel, and the waterfall slope. A spiral turbine that is installed between the drainage channels and rotates vertically in response to water falling from the falling slope, and is connected to the rotary shaft end of the spiral turbine to convert the vertical rotation motion of the spiral turbine into a lateral rotation motion. A rotation conversion gear portion, a power generation chamber provided upstream of the water falling portion and provided with a power generation device that transmits the rotational motion of the rotation conversion gear portion and generates power, and provided downstream of the water falling portion. The drainage channel at the bottom for guiding the fallen water to the spiral turbine Characterized in that it comprises a drainage guide block which drainage path is formed that communicates.

  The second device is a hydroelectric power generation system in which the riverbed of the lower part of the natural river with the upper and lower steps on the riverbed is fixed with concrete on both sides and the bottom, and the ceiling is flush with the riverbed of the upper part of the river The hydroelectric generator has a waterfall section having a waterfall channel in the center of the bottom and a V-shaped waterfall slope formed toward the waterfall channel, the waterfall slope and the waterfall. A helical turbine that is installed between the roads and rotates vertically in response to water falling from the falling slope, and a rotational converter that is connected to the rotational shaft end of the helical turbine and converts the rotational motion of the helical turbine into lateral rotational motion. A power generation chamber in which a gear unit, a power generation device that is connected to the upstream side of the water falling portion and transmits the rotational motion of the rotation conversion gear portion to generate power, and a downstream of the water falling portion are connected to the water. Communicating with the drainage channel at the lower part leading to the helical water turbine It has a falling water guide block which waterways are formed, the horizontal opening of the drainage unit is characterized in that dust trapping net plate is fixed.

  The third idea is hydroelectric power generation in which the riverbed is a lower riverbed of a natural river with upper and lower steps, both banks and bottom are fixed with concrete, and the ceiling is flush with the upper riverbed of the river. The hydroelectric generator is installed across the banks, and the hydroelectric generator has a waterfall section having a waterfall channel at the center of the bottom and a V-shaped waterfall slope formed toward the waterfall channel, the waterfall slope and the waterfall A spiral turbine that is installed between drainage channels and rotates vertically in response to water falling from this falling slope, and a rotation that is connected to the rotary shaft end of the spiral turbine and converts the longitudinal rotation motion of the spiral turbine into lateral rotation motion A conversion gear section, a power generation chamber provided upstream of the water falling section and provided with a power generation device for transmitting the rotational motion of the rotation conversion gear section and generating power, and a water falling connection provided downstream of the water falling section. Communicating with the drainage channel at the bottom to guide the spiral turbine And a waterfall guide block formed with a water discharge channel, and a slide-type waterfall opening / closing lid with a variable opening / closing amount for horizontally opening and closing the horizontal opening from one or both banks on the horizontal opening of the waterfall section. Is installed.

  The fourth idea is hydroelectric power generation where the riverbed is a lower riverbed of a natural river with upper and lower steps, both banks and bottom are fixed with concrete, and the ceiling is flush with the upper riverbed of the river. The hydroelectric generator is installed across the banks, and the hydroelectric generator has a waterfall section having a waterfall channel at the center of the bottom and a V-shaped waterfall slope formed toward the waterfall channel, the waterfall slope and the waterfall A spiral turbine that is installed between drainage channels and rotates vertically in response to water falling from this falling slope, and a rotation that is connected to the rotary shaft end of the spiral turbine and converts the longitudinal rotation motion of the spiral turbine into lateral rotation motion A conversion gear section, a power generation chamber provided upstream of the water falling section and provided with a power generation device for transmitting the rotational motion of the rotation conversion gear section and generating power, and a water falling connection provided downstream of the water falling section. Communicating with the drainage channel at the bottom to guide the spiral turbine A drainage guide block in which a water discharge channel is formed, and a dust catching net is fixed to the horizontal opening of the waterfall, and the dust catching net is covered on the horizontal opening. A slide-type waterfall opening / closing lid with a variable opening / closing amount for horizontally opening / closing the horizontal opening from one bank or both banks is installed.

  It is preferable that the rotation conversion gear unit is constituted by a differential gear. By constituting with a differential gear, rotation conversion is ensured, and a stable rotational force can be transmitted to the power generator side.

  Moreover, it is preferable that a transmission is disposed between the rotation conversion gear unit and the power generation device. The rotational speed from the rotation conversion gear portion is further increased by passing through the transmission, and the power generation device can generate more stable and high-output power.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said power generation room is directly connected to the upstream side of the said water fall part by shape | molding a concrete box in the river bed directly under the water flow of a natural river. By providing the power generation chamber in this way, even if water damage or the like occurs, the robust concrete box protects the power generation equipment, and noise during power generation does not leak to the outside.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the power generation chamber ceiling, the upper surface of the waterfall opening / closing lid, and the upper surface of the waterfall guide block wall have the same plane. By doing in this way, a large amount of drifting material that flows at the time of flood damage such as a typhoon or heavy rain can be smoothly flowed downstream without stagnation on the apparatus.

  By configuring as described above, the water flow of the natural river enters the falling water section, and the falling water from the falling slope vigorously rotates the helical water turbine vertically, and this longitudinal rotation motion is converted into lateral rotation motion by the rotation conversion gear section. Since this rotational motion activates the power generation device, the water flow energy can be used for power generation by directly using the level difference of the natural river with the level difference.

  In the second device, the dust catcher screen captures the drifting objects and driftwood that flow along with the water flow, so that it is possible to prevent damage to the spiral water turbine side when it falls. It is also possible to catch people who have accidentally fallen into the river before being sucked into the falling water.

  In the third device, the amount of water falling into the water-falling section can be adjusted by changing the sliding amount of the water-falling opening / closing lid, and in the event of a flood caused by a typhoon or heavy rain, this is completely closed to close the water-falling opening. This makes it possible to smoothly flow a large amount of drifting material downstream.

  Furthermore, in the fourth device, in addition to the effect of the first device, both the effect of the dust catching net plate and the effect of both the falling water opening / closing lid can be achieved.

It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. 3 which shows the 1st Example of the hydroelectric generator by this invention. It is sectional drawing which follows the BB line of FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing a first embodiment of a hydroelectric generator according to the present invention. It is the same simplified sectional view as FIG. 2 which shows the 2nd Example of the hydraulic power unit by this invention. It is the same simplified sectional view as FIG. 2 which shows the 3rd Example of the hydraulic power unit by this invention. It is the same simplified sectional view as Drawing 2 showing the 4th example of the hydroelectric generator by the present invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the device of this invention at the time of installing two spiral type water turbines.

  1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention. This hydroelectric power generation apparatus 10 is applied only to a natural river with a river bed with upper and lower steps, and is provided at the lower stage of the river bed. The river bed and both banks of the lower stage are fixed with concrete. It is installed across the banks. The hydroelectric power generator 10 is designed such that the ceiling surface is lower than both concrete-fixed banks in order to allow the water flow of the upper stage of the river to flow on the ceiling surface. The waterfall unit 20, the spiral turbine 23, the rotation conversion gear. The unit 30, the power generation chamber 35, and the falling water guide block 40 are included.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a falling water channel 21 is formed at the center of the bottom of the falling water unit 20, and V-shaped falling slopes 22 are formed from both banks toward the falling water channel 21. This falling slope 22 works to add momentum to the water flow and flow it to the helical water wheel 23. In addition, the one where the opening width of the water falling part 20 is wider is preferable.

  A helical water wheel 23 is disposed between the falling slope 22 and the falling channel 21 so as to be vertically rotatable. The helical water turbine 23 is configured by attaching helical blades 23b around a rotating shaft 23a, and is surrounded by a water collecting cylinder 25 between reinforcing steel frames 24 fixed up and down via upper and lower rotary bearings 26a and 26b. It is attached so that it can rotate freely. A water collecting plate 27 is fixed around the upper portion of the water collecting tube 25 in order to prevent water falling from entering the space outside the tube of the water collecting tube 25 and to collect all the water falling in the spiral water turbine 23.

  A rotation conversion gear unit 30 is connected to the lower shaft end of the rotation shaft 23a via a rotation bearing 26b and a propeller shaft 28. The propeller shaft 28 functions to avoid a load such as vibration applied to the helical water turbine 23. It is also possible to connect the lower shaft end of the rotating shaft 23 a directly to the rotation conversion gear unit 30 without attaching the propeller shaft 28. The rotation conversion gear unit 30 converts the longitudinal rotation motion of the helical water wheel 23 into a lateral rotation motion, and may have a bevel gear structure, but is preferably a differential gear in order to reliably transmit the rotation conversion. . The differential gear includes two horizontal rotation shafts, one idle rotation shaft 31a is rotatably supported on the falling water guide block wall 40 side, and the other power rotation shaft 31b faces the power generation chamber 35. By using the idling shaft 31a as it is, the differential gear can be stably operated, and the power balance of the helical turbine 23 as a whole can be achieved.

  In the power generation chamber 35, a transmission 32 connected to the power rotation shaft 31b and a power generation device 34 connected to the high-speed rotation shaft 33 of the transmission 32 are disposed. The transmission 32 receives the rotational force of the power rotating shaft 31b, converts it into high speed rotation, and transmits the high speed rotational force to the power generator 34. Thereby, the output of the electric power generating apparatus 34 improves markedly. However, depending on the river scale and the like, the transmission 32 may be omitted and the power rotary shaft 31b may be directly connected to the power generator 34. The power generation chamber 35 is continuously provided as a concrete box on the upstream side of the falling water portion 20. By making the power generation chamber 35 into a concrete box, it is possible to protect internal power generation equipment in the event of water damage and the like, and noise during power generation will not leak to the outside. Note that a door 36 for entering and exiting the power generation chamber 35 is attached for maintenance and inspection of the power generation device 34 and the like. Reference numeral 37 denotes a support column that supports the lower reinforcing steel frame 24.

  The falling water guide block 40 guides the water flow that has entered the falling water slope 22 to the falling water channel 21 with the downstream outer wall surface of the power generation chamber 35, and a water discharge channel 41 is formed in the lower part. It is preferable that the water discharge passage 41 has a wide road width. By communicating with the water discharge passage 21, the water falling through the spiral water turbine 23 flows from the water discharge passage 41 to the downstream side.

  Below, the effect | action of the hydraulic power unit by a 1st Example is demonstrated. The water flow of the natural river flowing in the direction of the white arrow in FIG. 3 enters the water falling portion 20, the water flow is strengthened by the water falling slope 22, and all of the water flow is conveyed to the spiral turbine 23 by the water collecting plate 27. The vertical water turbine 23 is vigorously rotated vertically. The longitudinal rotation motion of the helical water wheel 23 is transmitted to the differential gear which is the rotation conversion gear unit 30 via the propeller shaft 28 and converted into a lateral rotation motion. As a result, the power rotation shaft 31b rotates laterally, and this rotational motion is converted into high-speed rotation by the transmission 32, and the power generation device 34 is operated at a high output. Thereby, even when the amount of water in the river is small, almost 100% of the water flow can be used for power generation.

  FIG. 4 shows a hydroelectric generator according to the second embodiment. In this embodiment, a dust catching net 42 is fixed near the horizontal opening of the water falling part 20. The dust catching net 42 is for catching drifting objects such as driftwood and dust flowing along with the water flow, and preventing damage on the spiral turbine 23 side. In addition, there is also a function of preventing a person who accidentally falls into the river from sucking into the falling water part 20. In addition, in order to collect | recover the captured drifting material easily, it is preferable to install this refuse capture | acquisition net 42 below the opening horizontal surface of the falling part 20. FIG. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 5 shows a hydroelectric generator according to the third embodiment. In this embodiment, a waterfall opening / closing lid 43 that opens and closes the horizontal opening horizontally from both banks is installed on the horizontal opening of the waterfall portion 20. The water drain opening opening / closing lid 43 is used to stop water discharge due to water increase in the event of a flood and stop the driving of the spiral water turbine 23. The falling water opening / closing lid 43 is composed of two sliding left and right lids, and the opening of the falling water portion 20 is completely closed at the center by a power source (not shown) or the opening of the falling water portion 20 is opened. It has become. A storage space 44 is provided in the outer basement on both banks in order to store them when opened, and a lid entrance 45 is provided on both banks so as to be connected to the storage space 44. The falling water opening / closing lid 43 can adjust the amount of water to the falling water portion 20 by the opening / closing slide amount. In addition, it is preferable that the upper surface of the waterfall opening / closing lid 43 and the ceiling surface of the hydroelectric generator 10 (the power generation chamber 35 and the waterfall guide block 40) are the same plane, that is, flush with each other. Thus, by setting it as the same plane, the large amount of drifting substance which flows at the time of flooding can be smoothly flowed downstream, without stagnation on an apparatus. In addition, although the illustration is omitted, the falling water opening / closing lid 43 may be configured by a single lid body and configured to slide from one bank. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 6 shows a hydroelectric generator according to the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, both the dust catching net plate 42 and the falling water opening / closing lid 43 are provided on the horizontal opening of the falling water portion 20. During normal power generation, the drain opening opening / closing lid 43 is stored in the storage space 44, and the dust catching net 42 captures the drifting matter. The detailed description of the dust catching net 42 is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the detailed description of the falling water opening / closing lid 43 is the same as that of the third embodiment. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, two helical water turbines 23 are installed, and can be applied to a river having a wide river width. Since the structure, operation, and effect of the entire apparatus are the same as those in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. Two or more helical water turbines 23 can be installed.

  The hydroelectric power plant according to the present invention uses a riverbed that has a natural riverbed with a number of steps and a riverbed that has sufficient slope and can create a level difference. If so, the industry involved in the construction of this device will be activated as well as self-sufficiency of electric energy. In addition, since the electric energy generated from this power generator is clean energy that does not generate carbon dioxide at all, it can contribute to the prevention of global warming. Furthermore, by using the intake channel associated with this power generation device, it can be easily sent as domestic water or irrigation water, which will contribute to the elimination of water shortages and the activation of agriculture.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hydroelectric generator 20 Falling part 21 Falling channel 22 Falling slope 23 Spiral type water wheel 24 Reinforced steel frame 25 Water collecting cylinder 26a, 26b Rotating bearing 27 Water collecting plate 28 Propeller shaft 30 Rotation conversion gear part 31b Power rotating shaft 32 Transmission 34 Power generating apparatus 35 Power generation chamber 40 Falling water guide block 41 Drainage channel 42 Garbage catching net plate 43 Falling water opening / closing lid 44 Storage space

Claims (8)

A hydroelectric generator is installed across both banks on the lower riverbed of a natural river with upper and lower steps on the riverbed. The hydroelectric power generation apparatus is installed between a waterfall portion having a waterfall channel in the center of the bottom and a V-shaped waterfall slope formed toward the waterfall channel, and between the waterfall slope and the waterfall channel. A helical water turbine that rotates vertically in response to water falling from the falling water slope, a rotation conversion gear unit that is connected to a rotational shaft end of the helical water wheel and converts the vertical rotational motion of the helical water turbine into lateral rotational motion, and the falling water A power generation chamber in which a power generation device that generates power by transmitting the rotational motion of the rotation conversion gear portion is installed, and is connected to the downstream side of the falling water portion, and guides the falling water to the spiral turbine. A drainage channel communicating with the falling water channel is formed in the lower part Hydroelectric apparatus that utilizes the natural river, characterized in that provided were falling water guide block. A hydroelectric generator is installed across both banks on the lower riverbed of a natural river with upper and lower steps on the riverbed. The hydroelectric power generation apparatus is installed between a waterfall portion having a waterfall channel in the center of the bottom and a V-shaped waterfall slope formed toward the waterfall channel, and between the waterfall slope and the waterfall channel. A helical water turbine that rotates vertically in response to water falling from the falling water slope, a rotation conversion gear unit that is connected to a rotational shaft end of the helical water wheel and converts the vertical rotational motion of the helical water turbine into lateral rotational motion, and the falling water A power generation chamber in which a power generation device that generates power by transmitting the rotational motion of the rotation conversion gear portion is installed, and is connected to the downstream side of the falling water portion, and guides the falling water to the spiral turbine. A drainage channel communicating with the falling water channel is formed in the lower part And drainage has a guide block, hydroelectric apparatus near horizontal opening of said drainage portion using natural river, characterized in that the dust trapping net plate is fixed. A hydroelectric generator is installed across both banks on the lower riverbed of a natural river with upper and lower steps on the riverbed. The hydroelectric power generation apparatus is installed between a waterfall portion having a waterfall channel in the center of the bottom and a V-shaped waterfall slope formed toward the waterfall channel, and between the waterfall slope and the waterfall channel. A helical water turbine that rotates vertically in response to water falling from the falling water slope, a rotation conversion gear unit that is connected to a rotational shaft end of the helical water wheel and converts the vertical rotational motion of the helical water turbine into lateral rotational motion, and the falling water A power generation chamber in which a power generation device that generates power by transmitting the rotational motion of the rotation conversion gear portion is installed, and is connected to the downstream side of the falling water portion, and guides the falling water to the spiral turbine. A drainage channel communicating with the falling water channel is formed in the lower part There is a falling water guiding block, and on the horizontal opening of the falling water section, there is a slide type falling water opening / closing lid with a variable opening and closing amount that opens and closes the horizontal opening horizontally from one or both banks. A hydroelectric power generation system using natural rivers. A hydroelectric generator is installed across both banks on the lower riverbed of a natural river with upper and lower steps on the riverbed. The hydroelectric power generation apparatus is installed between a waterfall portion having a waterfall channel in the center of the bottom and a V-shaped waterfall slope formed toward the waterfall channel, and between the waterfall slope and the waterfall channel. A helical water turbine that rotates vertically in response to water falling from the falling water slope, a rotation conversion gear unit that is connected to a rotational shaft end of the helical water wheel and converts the vertical rotational motion of the helical water turbine into lateral rotational motion, and the falling water A power generation chamber in which a power generation device that generates power by transmitting the rotational motion of the rotation conversion gear portion is installed, and is connected to the downstream side of the falling water portion, and guides the falling water to the spiral turbine. A drainage channel communicating with the falling water channel is formed in the lower part And a dust catching net plate is fixed in the vicinity of the horizontal opening of the waterfall part, and the dust catching net plate is covered on the horizontal opening so that the horizontal opening of the waterfall part is on one bank or A hydroelectric generator using a natural river, characterized in that a sliding waterfall opening / closing lid that can be opened and closed horizontally from both banks is installed. The hydroelectric power generator using a natural river according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rotation conversion gear unit is configured by a differential gear. The hydroelectric power generator using a natural river according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a transmission is disposed between the rotation conversion gear portion and the power generator. The hydroelectric power generation using the natural river according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power generation chamber is formed in a concrete box directly below the water flow of the natural river and is continuously provided on the upstream side of the falling portion. apparatus. The hydroelectric generator using a natural river according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a ceiling surface of the power generation chamber, an upper surface of the falling water guiding block, and an upper surface of the falling water opening / closing lid are configured in the same plane.

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