JP3160250B2 - Vehicle seat - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle seat having a support portion, a backrest having a headrest incorporated therein, and a seat portion having a seat surface, which is connected to the support portion. > Various types of vehicle seats of this type are known. In many known vehicle seats of this type, the seat back or the seat can be adjusted, so that the user of the vehicle seat can have an individual seat position which is as comfortable as possible, especially during long hours of driving. Occupying the adjusted seat position.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vehicle seats of this type are also incorporated in increasingly popular, for example, small cars. In particular, such small vehicles have a relatively short crushing zone in a frontal collision or a rearward collision, so that a comprehensive safety plan for such small vehicles, i.e. the highest possible safety for vehicle occupants in the event of an accident, is provided. A comprehensive safety plan has been developed to provide and avoid significant damage to the occupants.

[0003] Within the framework of such a comprehensive security plan,
Vehicle seats have important implications. Generally, a vehicle seat with a headrest that supports the cervical region of the user during a rear impact is recommended. Also, headrests have been developed that are thrown forward toward the head during a rear collision to protect the head early.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is therefore to improve a vehicle seat of the type mentioned at the outset not only to provide the user with the highest possible comfort but also to achieve the highest possible level in a crash situation. It also provides security.

[0005]

According to the configuration of the present invention that solves this problem, the backrest and the seat face each other.
The ends are connected to each other and the support
Back or force guide
And a connection point for the seat portion, and within the connection point
If the backrest and seat are slidably guided,
Can be fixed by the holding transmission in different adjustment positions
A is, at this time, also the seat during backrest rear impact
Can be moved from a predetermined initial position to a safe position by a user of the seat under the influence of a collision-based force during a frontal collision , so that the backrest can
Configured as a slide guide part and as a connection point
Working, the forcing guide formed on the support is assigned
The force guide portion is provided with an effective leverage arm disposed above the seat surface , spaced apart from a force introduction point where the force is introduced from the pelvic region to the backrest, for a backrest. And the seat portion has a backrest.
Diagonally upwardly oriented guides pointing forward from the
Are connected to each other, and
Fixed to move from the default initial position to the safe position.
Between the seat and the support,
Flexible so that the held holding transmission
It is Shiburu.

[0006]

[0007]

According to the present invention , in the event of a rear impact, the back shell or back with effective leverage arms is spaced apart from the point of force introduction in the pelvis, chest, neck and head area caused by the impact. Suspension above the target generally results in an improved moment distribution and thus an improved sequence of the backrest, ie a continuous movement course.

According to the present invention, when the vehicle is used in a forward collision,
The forward acceleration acts on the body of the person, and this acceleration
Force is directed forward through the user's pelvis and also into the seat
It is designed to apply a moment of force. Of this power
The moment is adjusted by moving the seat forward and
In the direction between the seat and the support.
Holding transmission (Halteuebertragung) is correspondingly flexible
Has become. The first such seat was selected
More secure from the initial position compared to this initial position
The user's seat to the safety position
Exercise to seat position reduces pelvic load
The user sinks underneath the seatbelt.
Intrusion can be avoided.

The backrest and the seat are advantageously pivotally connected or hinged to each other at their opposite ends, the support having connection points for the backrest and the seat, In particular, the connection points are formed by slide guides or forcing guides, respectively, in which the backrest and the seat are slidably guided and in different adjustment positions. Workable in a fixed seat position, which can be fixed by a holding transmission, and moves from a predetermined initial position to a safe position when a force is applied in the event of a collision,
It is particularly advantageous if the holding transmission provided between the seat and the support is flexible, in particular to absorb energy.

[0010] Thus, the backrest and the seat are each slidably guided in the forcible guide of the support that serves as the seat support. The hinge area provided between the seat and the backrest is freely suspended (freischwe
In contrast to the arrangement, the backrest and the seat connected to the backrest are brought steplessly in a favorable manner by the user into their respective advantageous adjustment positions in their forced guides, and this adjustment Secured in position.

In this case, the selected adjustment position is ensured by fixing the holding transmission portion between the seat, which is mainly composed of the backrest and the seat, and the support. In this way, the vehicle seat according to the invention is adjusted to an individual comfortable seating position within a large area of its forcing guide.

In the event of a rear or frontal collision of the vehicle, a force is applied to the seat by the weight of the user and this force is applied to the backrest and / or the seat in the forced guide from the individually selected initial position to the safe position. Move to The holding transmission between the seat and the support is configured to be flexible to a certain extent and to absorb energy so that the seat can perform such a limited movement in a crash situation. ing. In this case, the holding transmission has, for example, a rod which is effective between the seat and the support, and which is provided with a target bending point or the like. Thereby, the seat according to the invention is characterized by the highest possible seat comfort and the highest possible safety.

In order to be able to transmit the movement of the pelvis to the backrest in the event of a rear impact and to cushion the rearward throwing movement of the head, it is advantageously according to the invention that the backrest has a forced guide and a backrest. of between the lower end region, directed to the user area of the backrest, and / or region of the headrest, a small again flexibility than other regions of the backrest, that is stiff structure Have been.
In this case, according to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the cushion of the backrest, are flexibly configured as compared to the pelvic region in substantially the thoracic region of a user. The flexibility of the cushion in the thoracic region provides sufficient simultaneous back, neck and head support. This allows in particular three zones: a first zone (pelvis with a firm cushion), a second zone (thoracic spine with a soft cushion) and a third zone (head with a firm cushion). A zone cushion is obtained. This zone cushion facilitates the introduction of a continuous correct force into the back shell during a posterior collision, and takes care to simultaneously support the spine as temporally as possible, in particular in the upper region, as described above. Moreover, at first, a tendency of the headrest to move forward or at least a stationary characteristic is obtained.

[0014] placement of the backrest forcibly guided portion in the support portion, and / or backrest cushion, and / or rigidity of the backrest, when the rear movement of the time of forward movement of the head and then by supporting lifting position, at least such as the position of the headrest is maintained in a position to support the head, so that the initial characteristics of the backrest can be obtained, if it is to or dimensioned and configured, it is advantageous. In this case, the backrest forced guide portion needs to be spaced above the hinge shaft provided between the backrest and the seat portion, preferably above the pelvis of the seat user. In the sense of maintaining position, the posterior movement of the pelvis during a posterior collision acts to oppose the backward movement of the head. However, it is particularly advantageous that the arrangement of the backrest guide is such that the retraction movement of the pelvis is replaced by a forward movement of the headrest, which supports the user's head early, and following this forward movement, A back motion of the backrest is selected to be performed, thereby reducing the load on the neck and head.

The movement of the backrest from the initial position to the safe position has a relatively small flexibility as described above, ie in the pelvis and head region of the user, whereas in the thoracic region. Is facilitated by a back cushion that has a more flexible cushion. Due to the initial properties that the backrest seeks, it must be constructed sufficiently rigid and robust.

If the forcible guide of the backrest extends substantially linearly in the longitudinal direction of the backrest, on the one hand the ergonomics optimization and on the other hand the optimization of the crash characteristics in a rear impact is improved.

In order to be able to align the leading edge of the seat sufficiently rigidly over the relatively short sliding section of the force guide, the force guide of the seat must be aligned with the hip joint of the user. It is particularly advantageous if the curve extends with a substantially related radius of curvature.

In order to provide the backrest and the seat with sufficient form stability, the backrest and the seat have a backrest or seat shell, and if the headrest is a component integrated in the backshell, It is advantageous.

According to an advantageous configuration of the invention, the backrest and the seat are pivotally connected to each other at their mutually facing ends, so that the backrest and the seat are in their common free suspension. The supporting guide is held in a forcible guide formed on the support at a distance from the hinge shaft, and the forcible guide of the backrest and / or the seat is configured as a rotary slide guide.

[0020] Advantageous configurations of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

[0021]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 3 show a vehicle seat 1 having an integrated headrest 3.
And a seat 4. The backrest 2 and the seat 4 are hinged (or pivoted) to one another at their mutually facing end regions. The backrest 2 is spaced apart from a freely hinged common hinge axis 5.
And the seat portion 4 are held in forced guide portions 6 and 7 formed on the support portion 8, respectively, and the support portion 8 is fixed to the vehicle bottom.

In order to allow the user of the vehicle seat 1 to adjust to a convenient seat position steplessly, the backrest 2 and the seat 4 can be slid in the forced guides 6, 7 of the support 8. Is guided by In this case, the selected adjustment position is fixed by the holding transmission 20 not shown in detail. The holding transmission part 20 is arranged substantially below the seat part 4.

Since the hinge shaft 5 and, consequently, the connection between the backrest 2 and the seat 4 are independent of the support 8 and thus can be freely pivoted or freely suspended, the vehicle seat 1 is adapted to the body. Can be adjusted to an arbitrary seat holding portion.

In FIGS. 1 and 3, a hinge shaft 5 is arranged between the backrest 2 and the seat 4 at a position closest to the hip joint. This optimizes synchronous movement between the body and the seat and minimizes the effect of pulling out the shirt. The forcible guide 7 of the seat 4 is designed as a rotary slide guide, whereby the seat 4 is also rotatably supported, so that an additional spring action is obtained.

The forced guide portion 6 and 7, because it is defined based on the hip joint, the vehicle seat 1, when the holding transfer section provided between the seat and the support portion 8 is released, virtually automatic To the body. Release the holding transmission part,
By intentionally occupying the desired seating posture, the user can define the position of the backrest 2 and the seat 4.

The vehicle seat 1 shown does not only feature distinctive ergonomic aspects, but offers the user the greatest possible security. For this purpose, in the event of a rear or front collision of the vehicle, the influence of the force exerted by the weight of the user is converted into a safe movement of the backrest 2 or the seat 4. In this case, the backrest 2 or the seat 4 can be moved from its initial position to the safe position in its forcing guides 6, 7. In order that the seat, consisting mainly of the backrest 2 and the seat 4, can carry out this limited movement in the event of a collision, the holding transmission between the seat and the support 8 is provided only to a certain extent. It is configured to be flexible. In this case, the holding transmission unit has, for example, a rod that works between the seat unit 4 and the support unit 8,
A target bending point is provided in the rod.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show the region of the holding transmission 20 in which the vehicle seat 1 is partially broken.
The holding transmission 20 comprises a gas spring 21 shown only partially.
The gas spring 21 has one fixed end connected to the seat 4 of the vehicle seat 1 via a connection arm 22 that is substantially L-shaped in the drawing. One fixed end of the gas spring 21 configured as a locking member is engaged with the connection arm 22, whereas the other fixed end (not shown) is fixedly held by the support 8. ing. Upon adjusting the vehicle seat 1 to the desired position, the gas spring 21 is released and then closed again to fix the selected seat position, and the corresponding spring between the piston rod and the cylinder of the gas spring 21 is closed. It can be locked in a relative position. 5 and 6 show the vehicle seat during a forward collision (FIG. 5) and after a collision (FIG. 6). As is apparent from a comparison between FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the holding transmission unit 20 functioning in a state where the seat position is fixed is configured to be flexible so as to absorb energy during a forward collision. For this purpose, the substantially L-shaped connecting arm 22 is deformed by the user of the vehicle seat 1 into the longitudinal shape shown in FIG. That is,
The connection arm 22 is deformed into a vertically long shape so that the vehicle seat 1 moves from the initial position shown by the solid line in FIG. 5 to the safe position shown in FIG.

[0029] As shown in FIG. 1, a forced guide portion 6 which is assigned to the backrest 2 is disposed magnitude rather apart upward from the common hinge axis 5 and thus the seat surface 10.
The backrest 2 is located in the area of the forcible guide 6 and, in the event of a rear collision, at the point of introduction of the force in the pelvic region of the user (backrest 2
(Where the force is introduced) is maintained with enough clearance to provide a leverage that works accordingly.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show, by the symbol I, that the backrest 2 is initially aligned by the user's pelvis, which acts on the backrest 2 during a rear impact. In this initial alignment, the head of the user moving backward relative to the seat is buffered early by the headrest 3, which moves the user's head slightly forward in the opposite direction. Has become.

The upper part of the backrest 2 then moves relatively rearward, as indicated by the symbols II-V in FIGS. 1 and 2, thereby reducing the load on the neck and head of the user. It has become so. In this case, the backrest 2 rotates about an upper shaft (guide cam 9) guided in the forcible guide 6, while the seat 4 is displaced forward. In the safety final position indicated by the reference symbol V, the translation of the seat 4 is terminated when the front stopper in the forcible guide 7 is reached. At this time, the seat 4 rotates slightly in the horizontal direction, and the backrest 2 It is lifted in the forced guide 6. The sequence of movements shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 improves the support in the region of the cervical spine during a posterior collision,
Thereby the risk of whiplash is reduced.

On the one hand, in order to be able to transfer energy to the backrest 2, the backrest 2 is made as cushioned as possible in the area of the pelvis as well as in the area of the headrest 3, and on the other hand, a flexible cushion of the backrest 2 is placed on the chest part of the user. Must be provided. An advantageously adjustable, non-illustrated scruff cushion is used to ensure a constant spacing between the contour of the upper spinal region and the contour of the supporting back cushion. This ensures that during a posterior collision, the upper spine is simultaneously and uniformly supported, thereby reducing the risk of whiplash.

The forcible guide portion 6 of the backrest 2 is
The seat 4 extends substantially linearly in the longitudinal direction of the seat.
Are oriented forward and backward in a direction opposite to the backrest 2. Thus, FIGS. 3 and 4
As shown in FIG. 5, at the time of a forward collision, the vehicle shifts from the selected initial position to the safe position based on the weight of the user acting forward. For the safety movement of the seat 4, which is likewise oriented forward, the holding transmission between the seat and the support 8 is again flexible.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the seat 4 and the backrest 2 as a seat unit first move forward in the forcible guide during a forward collision. As a result, the seat surface of the seat portion 4 is entirely raised in accordance with the guide trajectory of the forcible guide portion 7. This reduces the load on the back on the one hand and avoids sinking on the other hand. When reaching each guide stopper, the seat 4
Rotates slightly, as indicated by reference numerals II 'and III', while the backrest 2 moves slightly upward.

The course of movement of the vehicle seat 1 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 prevents the user from getting under the seatbelt in a frontal or frontal collision. To avoid this, the vehicle seat 1 has a forced guide 7 for the seat 4, which is oriented upward in the opposite direction to the backrest 2. Thus, at the time of a forward collision in which the driver is thrown forward, the seat 4 also moves forward and upward along the forcible guide. During a forward collision, the position of the seat 4 is gradually bent forward, thereby preventing the user from getting under the belt. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the simultaneous movement of the backrest 2 is practically not used. This is because the user is immediately thrown forward during a forward collision.

In order to transmit the throwing movement directed forward of the user to the seat 4, the seat has, in the region of its front edge, a double-cushion projection or step, This transfers the forwardly directed pelvic throwing motion to the seat 4.

The backrest 2 and the seat 4 of the vehicle seat 1 are
Here, each is configured as a back shell or seat shell. In this case, the headrest 3 is a component in which the backrest shell 2 is incorporated. Backrest 2
In addition, the forcible guide portions 6, 7 assigned to the seat portion 4 are configured as rotation / slide guide portions. For this purpose, the backrest 2 and the seat 4 are advantageously provided with guide cams 9 on both sides. These guide cams 9
Are slidably guided in corresponding guide tracks in the support 8.

In the figures, the elasticity of the seat shell and the back shell is not taken into account. Due to geometrical reasons for construction, the rotational movements are shown repeatedly. This is because the elasticity of the backrest 4 cannot be taken into account accordingly, and thus the hinge shaft 5 has moved significantly upwards.

The illustrated vehicle seat 1 provides the user with the highest possible comfort and is also characterized by a high degree of security in rear and frontal collisions.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 has a backrest and a seat hinged (pivoted) to the backrest, and the backrest and the seat are respectively held in a forced guide portion of a support portion. 1 is a schematic side view of a vehicle seat according to one embodiment of the present invention, showing the course of movement of the vehicle.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the movement of a backrest and a seat at the time of a rear collision in the vehicle seat shown in FIG. 1;

3 is a schematic side view of the vehicle seat shown in FIG. 1, in which the movement progress at the time of a forward collision is indicated by broken lines.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the movement of the backrest and the seat during the forward collision of the vehicle seat shown in FIGS. 1 and 3;

FIG. 5 is a view of the vehicle seat shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, in which the area of the holding transmission unit in a fixed seat position is broken, showing a state in which the seat is moving diagonally forward during a frontal collision. FIG.

6 is a partially cutaway side view of the vehicle seat shown in FIG. 5 in a safe position obtained after a forward collision.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 vehicle seat, 2 backrest, 3 headrest,
4 seat, 5 hinge shaft, 6, 7 forced guide, 8 support, 9 guide cam, 10 seat surface,
Reference Signs List 20 holding transmission part, 21 gas spring, 22 connection arm

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-10-53056 (JP, A) JP-A-63-125456 (JP, A) JP-A-6-171416 (JP, A) 5899 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60N 2/00-2/72 A47C 7/00

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. A support unit (8), and back to f Ddoresuto (3) was incorporated (2), the seat having a seat surface (4) a vehicle seat and a (1), wherein The end where the backrest (2) and the seat (4) face each other
Are connected to each other by a support, and the support (8) is
Formed by the guide section or the forced guide section (6, 7)
Connections for the backrest (2) and seat (4)
A backrest (2) and a seat in the connection location
The part (4) is slidably guided and
Can be fixed by the holding transmitting part in the adjusting position,
At this time, the backrest (2) is also the seat during rear impact
(4) can be moved from a predetermined initial position to a safe position by a user of the seat under the influence of the force generated based on the collision during the forward collision, and thus the backrest (2)
Is configured as a rotating / sliding guide and connected
Said forcing gas formed in the support (8) serving as a point
An id portion (6) is assigned to the guide portion (6).
For the backrest (2) with an effective leverage arm, arranged above the seat , spaced apart from the force introduction point where the force is introduced from the pelvic region to the backrest (2) The seat (4) forms a supporting point, and the seat (4)
A diagonally upwardly oriented gas pointing forward from (2)
Is connected to the
Fixed position to move from the initial position to the safe position.
Between the seat and the support, working in a defined seating position
So that the provided holding and transmitting part especially absorbs energy
A vehicle seat characterized by being flexible . 2. An area of the backrest (2) and / or a headrest (3), oriented towards the user, between the forced guide portion of the backrest (2) and the lower end area of the backrest (2). ) Area is larger than the other areas of the backrest (2).
And it is configured with a hard cushion claim 1 Symbol mounting of the vehicle seat. Cushion 3. A backrest (2) is, in almost thoracic region of a user, compared to the pelvic region is flexibly configured, according to claim 1 or 2 vehicle seat according. 4. The arrangement of the backrest guide (6) in the support (8) and / or the cushion of the backrest (2) and / or the stiffness of the backrest (2), during the forward movement of the head and then It is configured or dimensioned to provide the initial characteristics of the backrest (2) such that the position of the headrest (3) is maintained at least in the position of supporting the head during the backward movement to the supporting position. The vehicle seat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: 5. The forcible guide (6) of the backrest (2) extends substantially linearly in the longitudinal direction of the backrest (2).
The vehicle seat according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . 6. seat forcing guide part (4) (7) extends curved has approximately related radius of curvature hip of the user, one of claims 1 to 5 1 Vehicle seat described in the item. 7. A backrest (2) and the seat portion (4) has a back shell or the seat shell is a structural unit that the headrest (3) is incorporated into the back shell, of claims 1-6 The vehicle seat according to any one of the above. 8. The backrest (2) and the seat (4) are pivotally connected to each other at opposite ends thereof, and the backrest (2) and the seat (4) have their common part. At a distance from the free-suspended hinge shaft (5) of the support (8) formed in a forcible guide (6, 7) formed on the support (8), the backrest (2) and / or the seat ( The vehicle seat according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the forcible guide part (6, 7) of (4) is configured as a rotation / slide guide part.