JP3156098B2 - Milking machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a milking machine in which a teat cup liner is mounted on a teat and milk is sucked by negative pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a milking machine is used for milking dairy cows. At the time of milking, a teat cup liner is attached to the teat of a dairy cow, suction is performed by negative pressure from a vacuum pipe, and milking is performed while repeating suction or pause to prevent congestion or congestion of the teat. In this case, the number of suction / pause cycles per minute (number of beats) is about 60,
The ratio of the suction time to the rest time (pulsation ratio) is about 6: 4, and these values have conventionally been set to be always constant.

[0003]

By the way, when the pressure change in the calf mouth when the calf suckles from the calf is actually measured, it changes as shown in FIG. When converted into spectral characteristics, a clear 1 / f fluctuation as shown in FIG. 8 results. 1 /
The f-fluctuation is a state in which the angle of the power spectrum is inclined to approximately 45 °, and it is known that a comfortable feeling is given to a living body.

However, the number of beats per minute and the beat ratio in a conventional milking machine are constant, and these are set mainly from the viewpoint of milking efficiency and the like. In general, the same stimulus is tiring, so using a conventional milking machine in which such a condition occurs continuously causes an increase in stress and discomfort for the dairy cow, a decrease in the milking efficiency and a cow body such as mastitis. Is a major factor that hurt.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and can eliminate the stress and discomfort of a dairy cow during milking, improve the milking efficiency, and further protect the cow body. The purpose is to provide a milking machine.

[0006]

According to the present invention, when a teat cup liner R is mounted on a teat B and a milking machine 1 for performing milking by repeatedly sucking or stopping by negative pressure, actual measurement in a calf mouth is performed. 1 / f fluctuation signal generating module unit 2 for generating a 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss combining several 1 / f fluctuation patterns obtained from the temporal change of the pressure, and corresponding to the 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss. A control signal generating unit 3 that generates a pulse control signal Sc whose duty ratio changes within a range of, for example, approximately 40 to 70%;
And a switching unit 4 for switching between suction and rest by the pulse control signal Sc.

[0007]

According to the milking machine 1 of the present invention, a negative pressure is applied to the teat cup liners R attached to the teats B ...
The milking is performed by the suction action, and the suction or the rest is switched as follows.

That is, the 1 / f fluctuation signal generation module 2 generates a 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss obtained by combining several 1 / f fluctuation patterns obtained from the temporal change of the actually measured pressure in the calf mouth. The duty ratio of the pulse signal generated in the control signal generator 3 is varied by the generated 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss. As a result, a pulse control signal Sc modulated by the 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss is generated, and the pulse control signal Sc is applied to the switching unit 4. Therefore, the generation time or the stop time of the negative pressure is controlled by the ON period or the OFF period of the pulse control signal Sc, and the suction period or the pause period fluctuates according to the 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss. It is best to appropriately change the duty ratio within a range of approximately 40 to 70%.

[0009]

Next, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, an overall schematic configuration of the milking machine 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In the milking machine 1 shown in FIG. 3, 31 is a milk pipe and 32 is a vacuum pipe. On the other hand, R ... are four teat cup liners formed of rubber or the like mounted on the nipples B ..., and each teat cup liner R ... is connected to the milk pipe 31 via the milk claw 33 and the milk tube 34. In addition, teat cup liner R…
Is covered by a teat cup shell 36, and an inner space 37 of the teat cup shell 36 is connected to a vacuum pipe 32 via a vacuum tube 38 and an electromagnetic pulsator 39 (switching section 4).

FIG. 4 shows the details of the teat cup liners R and the electromagnetic pulsator 39. The electromagnetic pulsator 39 includes a switching valve 39v and an electromagnetic driving unit 39d for moving the switching valve 39v. With this, if the switching valve 39v is switched to one side, the vacuum tube 38 communicates, and the state becomes "suction". When the switching valve 39v is switched to the other side, the inner spaces 37 are opened to the atmosphere, and are in a "rest" state.

Next, the main configuration of the milking machine 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIGS. 1 and 3, reference numeral 35 denotes a controller having a 1 / f fluctuation signal generation module 2 and a control signal generation unit 3 built therein. The controller 35 controls the electromagnetic pulsator 39 (switching unit 4). .

The 1 / f fluctuation signal generating module unit 2 is 1
It has a function of generating the / f fluctuation signal Ss, and its output is connected to the input of the control signal generator 3. The control signal generator 3 has a built-in pulse transmitter, and has a function of generating a pulse control signal Sc from the transmitted pulse signal and the 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss. The output side is connected to the electromagnetic pulsator 39.

Next, the operation and function of the milking machine 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, each teat cup liner R is mounted on each teat B (see FIG. 4). On the other hand, the 1 / f fluctuation signal generating module 2 generates a 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss. As a method of generating the 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss, a 1 / f fluctuation pattern obtained by analyzing a temporal change of the actually measured pressure in the calf mouth (see FIG. 7) is combined with several 1 / f fluctuation patterns.
A fluctuation signal Ss is generated. In addition, ROM (memory)
May be stored as a random number, and a 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss can be generated as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, the 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss is applied to the control signal generator 3. The pulse transmitter built in the control signal generator 3 transmits a pulse signal, and the duty ratio of the pulse signal is gradually varied (modulated) by the 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss, thereby generating the pulse control signal Sc. (See FIG. 2). In this case, the duty ratio (suction period / entire period) is approximately 40 to 40, as shown in FIG.
It is desirable to vary within a range of 70 percent.
As a result, the ratio (pulsation ratio) between the suction period Ea and the pause period Eb in the pulse control signal Sc is equal to the 1 / f fluctuation signal S.
s (see FIG. 2). Note that the duty ratio may be set beyond the above range, but if it exceeds a large value, the stress may be rather increased, which is not preferable. Further, the number of beats per minute is set to about 60 times, and this value may be fixed, or may be set to about 4 by the 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss.
It may be varied within the range of 0 to 70 times.

The pulse control signal Sc is applied to the electromagnetic pulsator 39. Thereby, the pulse control signal Sc
In the suction period Ea, the switching valve 39 of the electromagnetic pulsator 39
v is switched to one side, the vacuum tube 38 communicates and becomes "sucked" and milking is performed. That is, the vacuum pressure of the vacuum pipe 32 acts on the inner spaces 37 as a negative pressure,
The teat cup liners R change from the contracted state to the expanded state as shown by the solid line in FIG. On the other hand, the pulse control signal Sc
During the rest period Eb, the switching valve 39 of the electromagnetic pulsator 39
v is switched to the other side, as shown in phantom in FIG.
The inner spaces 37 are opened to the atmosphere and enter a “rest” state. In this case, the teat cup liners R return to the contracted state as shown by the imaginary line in FIG.

Therefore, the periods of the “suction” state and the “pause” state fluctuate based on the 1 / f fluctuation. The power spectrum characteristic with respect to the frequency of the 1 / f fluctuation signal Ss shown in FIG. 5 becomes 1 / f fluctuation as shown in FIG. 6, and the temporal change of the pressure in the calf mouth when the calf suckles from the parent calf. A state close to the change is obtained.

The embodiment has been described in detail above.
The present invention is not limited to such an embodiment,
The detailed configuration, method, numerical values, and the like can be arbitrarily changed without departing from the gist of the present invention. In particular, 1 / f of “1 / f fluctuation” in the present invention means 1 / f ^1.5 , 1 / f
It is a concept including any multiplicative products such as ^1.7 , 1 / f ² , 1 / f ^{3, and the} like.

[0022]

As described above, the present invention provides a milking machine in which a teat cup liner is attached to a teat and milking is performed by repeatedly sucking or stopping by negative pressure, and is obtained from the temporal change of the actually measured pressure in the calf mouth. A 1 / f fluctuation signal generating module for generating a 1 / f fluctuation signal in which several 1 / f fluctuation patterns are combined, and a pulse control signal whose duty ratio changes in response to the 1 / f fluctuation signal A control signal generating unit that performs a suction or a pause by a pulse control signal, thereby eliminating stress and discomfort of the cow during milking, improving milking efficiency, and further contributing to protection of the cow body. It has a remarkable effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a main part of a milking machine according to the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating an example of a 1 / f fluctuation signal in the milking machine.

FIG. 3 is an external view showing the entire configuration of the milking machine;

FIG. 4 is a functional explanatory view including a cross-sectional view of a teat cup liner in the milking machine,

FIG. 5 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating another example of a 1 / f fluctuation signal in the milking machine.

6 is a power spectrum characteristic diagram of the 1 / f fluctuation signal shown in FIG. 5,

FIG. 7 is an actual measurement diagram of a pressure change in a calf mouth when the calf suckles from a parent calf,

8 is a power spectrum characteristic diagram of a temporal change in the measured data of FIG. 7,

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 milking machine 2 1 / f fluctuation signal generation module section 3 control signal generation section 4 switching section Ss 1 / f fluctuation signal Sc pulse control signal R teat cup liner B teat

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Seiji Horiuchi 718-12 Tokuma, Oji, Nagano City, Nagano Prefecture 72 Inventor Naotake Nishizawa 246, Koyuki, Oaza, Suzaka City, Nagano Prefecture Inside Orion Machinery Co., Ltd. 72) Inventor Kiyotaka Matsuki 246 Oriko Machinery, Oaza, Suzaka City, Nagano Prefecture (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Iwasaki 246 Oriyo Machinery, Oaza, Suzaka City, Nagano Prefecture In Orion Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Ryuji Maruyama 410-10, Shinonoi Komori, Nagano City, Nagano Prefecture (72) Inventor Takashi Sasaki 1336-1 Kamigoaki, Sakaki-cho, Hanishina-gun, Nagano Prefecture (56) References JP-A-50-142337 (JP, A) JP-A-3-204702 ( JP, A) JP-A-3-85123 (JP, A) JP-A-4-75616 (JP, A) JP-A-3-99609 (JP, A) JP-A-63-283640 (JP, A) JP Akira JP-A-62-253077 (JP, A) JP-A-62-253077 (JP, A) JP-A-57-9669 (JP, U) JP-A-60-501090 (JP, A) JP-A-3-504918 (JP, A) A) Journal of the Japan Livestock Management Society, Vol. 26, No. 1, March 19, 1990, pp. 32-33, "UDDER HEALTH For Producing High Quality Milk from Healthy Breasts" 6) Pages 59, 61-72 (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01J 5/00-5/16 JICST file (JOIS) JAFIC file (JOIS)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A teat cup liner is attached to a teat,
In a milking machine that performs milking by repeatedly sucking or resting under a negative pressure, a 1 / f fluctuation signal is generated by combining several 1 / f fluctuation patterns obtained from the temporal change of the actually measured pressure in the calf mouth. A 1 / f fluctuation signal generation module unit, a control signal generation unit that generates a pulse control signal whose duty ratio changes in accordance with the 1 / f fluctuation signal, and a switching unit that switches suction or pause by the pulse control signal A milking machine characterized by the following. 2. The milking machine according to claim 1, wherein the duty ratio is varied within a range of approximately 40 to 70 percent.