JP3154784B2 - Method of transporting powdery and granular materials in bulk and unloading device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention, Nde luck a particulate material such as rice and flour in bulk state in the general purpose of the truck and ships, cargo
Transportation method for unloading at the landing site , and used for this
That on the unloading equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in Japan, rice, particularly brown rice, is mainly transported in bags of 30 kg or 60 kg. Bulk transport is the mainstream in foreign countries, but dedicated trucks are required for that purpose, so in Japan, bulk transport is performed only partially.

[0003] Conventionally, unloading devices used for landing wheat and the like from ships have already been proposed. This unloading device is a system in which wheat is sucked up from a pipe tip by an air suction system. Conventionally, screw conveyors have been widely used as a means for transporting powders.

[0004]

Although the bagged transport system has an advantage that foreign substances such as sand can be prevented from being mixed during transportation, it requires a great deal of manpower for loading and unloading, packing and opening the bag. In addition, the work efficiency is very poor, and the packaging cost is expensive. Bulk transport is efficient, but
In transporting brown rice and other foods, foreign substances must be prevented from entering, and a dedicated truck is required for that purpose. However, in the domestic transportation situation, since it is customary to carry other goods on the return flight, bulk trucks cannot respond to this. The current situation is that it is extremely difficult to implement this.

[0005] Although it has been considered in some cases that a general-purpose truck is used and the bulk transport is performed by adding a foreign matter mixing prevention process to the truck, the loading of the granular material into the truck is aside. However, there is a problem that a great deal of labor is required for unloading, and no practical unloading device for this purpose has been developed. A dual-use vehicle equipped with a general-purpose truck equipped with equipment for allowing bulk transport is used, but it is costly, and requires a great deal of time and effort to switch over, making it impractical. Therefore, heavy loads,
There is a very high demand for bulk transport that can escape from the pre-modern labor required for unloading and opening bags, but to date, bulk transport has not become widespread.

[0006] Further, since the conventional unloading device for ships uses a method of sucking only by the air suction force, it has low energy efficiency, requires a large amount of power for the amount of transportation, and has a high speed for transporting objects. Because it is sent, it is easily damaged and is not suitable for transporting rice and the like. In addition, since the conventional screw conveyor that conveys the granular material is a fixed mechanism,
It is not possible to bend freely, and it is impossible to hold the powder or granules that are located below in a plane on the screw conveyor, and in addition to the object to be transported remaining in the casing, There is a disadvantage that it is easily damaged. Therefore, the range of use has been extremely limited.

[0007] In view of the above, the present invention makes it possible to transport goods in bulk by using a general-purpose truck or ship, does not damage the objects to be transported, and improves the work efficiency. As well as an unloading device and a screw conveyor mechanism therefor.

[0008]

The technical means of the bulk transport system of the present invention is to spread sheets on a carrier of a general-purpose transport machine.
Then, on the unloading site, there is a ventilation space between the casing and the screw.
Horizontal screw conveyor and the center of the screw
A vertical screw conveyor having an air passage, and a loading device consisting of a screw conveyor mechanism that is connected to bend freely, is installed, the transported object from the end of the screw conveyor mechanism , the transfer force by the rotation of the screw, air It is to lift and unload by suction force by suction.

[0009]

[0010] The technical means of the unloading device according to the present invention includes a base tank fixedly installed at the receiving port of the transported object, a discharge device connected below the base tank, and an intake device for sucking the air in the base tank. , A hopper rotatably provided on the upper part of the base tank, and a screw conveyor mechanism having a base end rotatably connected to the hopper. The screw conveyor mechanism comprises a horizontal screw conveyor and a vertical screw conveyor.
The horizontal screw can be bent freely
The conveyor is ventilated between the casing and the screw.
The vertical screw conveyor has a screw
With a ventilation path in the center of the screw conveyor machine
The air flow passage from the top opening of the structure to the base tank is shaped
Has been done .

[0011] Also, at the most advanced suction port of the conveyor,
It is also possible to mount an opening adjustment device at the end of the casing.

[0012]

[0013]

[0014]

[0015]

According to the present invention, a general-purpose ship or truck is used as a transport machine. Since the general-purpose machine is used for transporting various articles, fragments of the previous article, earth and sand, etc. remain on the bed, or liquid is spilled. For this reason, when the powdery and granular transported objects are loaded in bulk on the carrier as they are, foreign substances are mixed in or adhered to the transported objects. In the present invention, the sheet is spread on the carrier and the transported object is loaded on the sheet, so that it is possible to prevent foreign substances from being mixed.

An unloading device is installed at a unloading site such as a rice mill. In the unloading device, the connection part of each screw conveyor is freely bendable, and between the hopper and the screw conveyor, and between the hopper and the base tank, respectively, are rotatable, so the suction port at the tip of the screw conveyor. Can be moved freely. The transport of the transported object in the unloading device depends on the rotational force of the screw and the suction force of the suction device. The ratio of the transfer force is mainly the screw rotation force and the suction force is dependent, but the synergistic action of the combined use of the suction action enhances the biting ability, and at the end of unloading, the remaining material on the carrier. It is convenient for sucking in packages . Furthermore, each screw conveyor
Has a ventilation space inside,
An air flow passage extends from the end opening to the base tank.
The suction force can reach the end of the conveyor.
To increase the suction force at the tip.
In addition, unloading can be reliably and efficiently performed without leaving all transported items including the inside of the screw conveyor.

Further, since the end of the screw conveyor is covered with the opening casing, danger can be prevented and the screw conveyor plays a role of holding down the sheet. In addition, by moving the suction port opening adjusting device, reducing the suction area, and increasing the suction force, suction and suction of the last remaining transported object can be performed more efficiently. By directing the direction to the moving direction of the conveyor, it is possible to efficiently grip the articles.

[0018]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
FIG. 1 shows an unloading device 1, which is installed in a rice mill or the like. Reference numeral 2 denotes a base tank, which is fixedly installed on an upper surface such as a brown rice receiving port of a factory. The base tank 2 has an inlet at the upper end surface and an outlet at the lower end surface, and the rice flowing in from above flows out from below.

At the lower end of the base tank 2, a discharge device is provided.
The switchgear 3 is mounted in two stages. The opening and closing device 3 includes a shutter plate 4, a connecting rod 5, and an air cylinder 6, and can be freely opened and closed by pneumatic control. 2
The switching devices 3 provided in the stages are alternately opened and closed to shut off the air inflow from the tank outlet. As the discharging device, a rotary discharging device or the like may be used in addition to the two-stage opening / closing device. In short, any object can be used as long as it can drop the transported object while blocking the air inflow.

An intake device 7 such as a blower is connected to the upper part of the base tank 2.
Air is exhausted from the air. The transfer of the article is mainly performed by the rotational force of the screw, and the suction force is assisted. Therefore, the suction device 7 may be small. In addition, it is preferable to attach a filter to the exhaust port of the intake device 7 to remove dust in the exhaust gas. As a result, the dust contained in the transported object soars and contaminates the environment in the conventional receiving, but the present apparatus can always keep the working environment clean.

A hopper 10 is rotatably mounted on the upper surface of the base tank 2 with respect to the tank. The details are shown in FIG. Reference numeral 11 denotes a rotation support seat that supports the lower end of the hopper 10, reference numeral 12 denotes a rotation support shaft that supports the upper end of the hopper 10, and reference numeral 13 denotes a support member.

A horizontal conveyor 20 is rotatably connected to the side surface of the hopper 10. 21 is a conveyor screw, 22 is a screw shaft, and 23 is a casing. The casing 23 is connected to the hopper 10 and is rotatably connected thereto. Reference numeral 24 denotes a rotation support seat, which has a structure in which several rollers 25 provided on the wall surface of the hopper 10 rotatably support the outer surface of the connecting portion of the casing 23. 26 is a rotation support shaft that supports the outside of the casing 23, and 27 is a support member. Therefore, the horizontal conveyor 20
Can be tilted up and down around the base end. In addition, since the hopper 10 is rotatable, the horizontal conveyor 20 can also be turned in the horizontal direction with the hopper 10 as a fulcrum while being integrated with the hopper 10.

As shown in FIG. 3, the screw shaft 22
Is connected to a motor 29 via a belt transmission mechanism 28. When the motor 29 is driven, the screw 21 rotates in the casing 23 to perform an article transfer operation. In addition, a space is provided between the peripheral surface of the screw 21 and the inner wall surface of the casing 23 to serve as an air passage.
In this embodiment, the screw shaft 22 is connected to the casing 2.
As a result, a space 31 for air circulation is formed between the upper wall of the casing 23 and the screw. In addition, these spaces may be provided anywhere because the movement of air in the casing is to assist the transfer of the granular material,
And the shape is also free. Thereby, the transported object can be transported in the casing without being damaged and remaining. Reference numeral 32 denotes a stirring plate attached to the end of the screw 21.

As shown in FIG. 1, the casing 23 of the horizontal conveyor 20 has a distal end 30 which is separate and has a connection structure, and the casing distal end 30 is rotatable with respect to the main body 23.

A vertical conveyor 35 is connected to the end of the horizontal conveyor 20. Details of this connection are shown in FIG. 36 is a screw of the vertical conveyor 35, 37
Is a screw shaft, and 38 is a casing. The end portion 30 of the casing of the horizontal conveyor 20 and the vertical conveyor 3
The fifth casing 38 is connected to each other and rotatably connected to each other. 39 is a rotation support seat, 40 is a rotation support shaft, and 41 is a support member.

Therefore, the vertical conveyor 35 is rotated about the connecting portion between the casings as a fulcrum,
Swinging in two directions is possible.

The screw shaft 37 of the vertical conveyor 35 is
It is connected to a motor 43 via a belt transmission mechanism 42. Further, the shape of the screw 36 is such that the blade is present only in the peripheral portion, not in the central portion, and a ventilation path 47 for air circulation is formed in the central portion. The vented screw conveyor can be used alone or as a connected body for transporting general powders.

FIG. 5 shows details of the tip of the vertical conveyor 35, that is, the suction port. The screw 36 has a two-blade structure at its tip 36a to enhance the transfer force. At the end of the casing 38, an open casing 44 whose bottom and peripheral surface have a shape such as a coarse mesh or grid, through which the transported object can pass is attached. For this reason, danger due to the tip of the screw can be prevented, and the sheet laid on the bed of the truck can be pressed down to perform suction work without being obstructed by the sheet.

Further, a socket 45 is attached to the opening casing 44 at the end of the vertical conveyor 35 as a device for partially opening the opening and adjusting the opening degree and the opening direction of the opening. This socket 45 is connected to the casing 38
It is movable in the axial direction with respect to the end, and while there is enough unloaded rice, the socket 45 is raised and the opening is widened to carry out the unloading work. When the remaining rice is low, the socket 45 is lowered to narrow the opening. To increase the suction power and to inhale the remaining rice strongly. The socket 45 has an opening only in one direction, and is rotatably mounted so that the direction of the opening can be freely changed. In operation, the opening direction is directed to the moving direction of the conveyor. You may be made to be able to bite well. Reference numeral 46 denotes a bearing for the screw shaft 37.

As shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 50 denotes a balance weight device. A wire 52 is hung on a pulley 51 that is swingably installed at a position directly above the center line of the hopper 10,
Is connected to the casing 23 of the horizontal conveyor 20,
The weight 52 is attached to the other end of the wire 52.
Since the balance weight device 50 is adapted to the weight of both the vertical and horizontal conveyors 20 and 35 to balance both gravity forces,
The conveyor can be moved lightly during unloading work.

As shown in FIG. 6, reference numeral 55 denotes a flexible sheet made of cloth or soft plastic to be laid on the bed of the truck A, for example. The seat 55 is formed by sewing or the like in accordance with the shape of the bed of the truck A, and includes a bottom portion 56 and four peripheral side portions 57. Four circumference side surface 57
It is preferable that the upper edge can be easily hooked and fixed to the upper end of the side plate of the truck carrier. The sheet 55 is detachable, and is folded and stored small when not in use.
Since the sheet 55 has an open top surface, the top surface is covered by a top cover or a separate sheet during transportation.
It can also be used for covered body cars.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be freely modified and implemented within the scope described in the claims.

[0033]

According to the bulk transport system of the present invention, a general-purpose truck is used instead of a dedicated truck or ship, which is very advantageous in practice. Further, since the unloading from the truck is performed by the unloading device, the operation can be performed efficiently and cleanly without requiring any manpower. In addition, as an unloading device,
A screw connector that connects the vertical and horizontal conveyors freely
The suction port can be moved freely because the conveyor mechanism is used.
The horizontal screw conveyor
Ventilation space between casing and screw, vertical
The screw conveyor has a ventilation path in the center of the screw.
And since the air circulation inside the conveyor is smooth,
High suction force at the end of the conveyor for efficient transport
In addition to being able to suck in, the transported object can be unloaded without being damaged and can be unloaded. In addition, sheet
, So that it can be transported without spillage, and
There is no problem in transporting food such as rice. In addition
Near the end of unloading, lift the end of the sheet.
With this, the cargo to be transported is collected in one place and unloaded to the end.
Can be performed efficiently.

[0034]

In the unloading device of the present invention, since the connecting portion of each member is rotatable, the suction port at the tip of the conveyor can be freely moved, and the unloading operation from the truck bed can be easily performed. . Further, since the transfer of the articles is performed by using both the rotation force of the screw and the suction force of the suction device, efficient unloading is possible with about one-tenth the power of the conventional pneumatic transport type. . In addition,
The re-conveyor mechanism has a base tank from the tip opening.
Conveyor
High suction force at the tip and efficient suction of transported objects
Can be unloaded without causing damage and no residue on the transported goods.
Can be

According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently and reliably suck the transported object. In particular, at the final stage of the unloading work, the last thing left on the bed of the truck is drawn and sucked. It is convenient to do.

[0037]

[0038]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an unloading device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a hopper.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a base end of the horizontal conveyor.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a connecting portion of the vertical and horizontal conveyors.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a tip portion of a vertical conveyor.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state of unloading work.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 unloading device 2 base tank 3 opening and closing device 7 suction device 10 hopper 20 horizontal conveyor 21 screw 23 casing 29 motor 30 casing tip 35 vertical conveyor 36 screw 38 casing 43 motor 43 cover 45 socket 50 counterweight device 55 sheet

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ identification code FI B65G 67/60 B65G 67/60 B (58) Investigated field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B65G 65/32 A01F 12 / 46 B65G 33/14 B65G 33/24 B65G 67/24 B65G 67/60

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A sheet is laid on a carrier of a general-purpose transport machine,
On top of this, the powdery and granular materials to be transported are piled up in bulk, and the unloading site is ventilated between the casing and the screw.
Horizontal screw conveyor with space and screw
A vertical screw conveyor with an air passage in the center
And a lifting device consisting of a screw conveyor mechanism, which is connected to bend freely, to transfer the transported object from the end of the screw conveyor mechanism by the rotation of the screw and the suction force by air suction. The bulk transport method of powdered and granular materials that are picked up and unloaded by means. 2. A base tank fixedly installed at a receiving port of an article to be transported, a discharge device continuously provided below the base tank, an air suction device for sucking air in the base tank, and a rotatable upper part of the base tank. And a screw conveyor mechanism with the base end rotatably connected to the hopper. The screw conveyor mechanism is a horizontal screw conveyor
Over a the vertical screw conveyor becomes coupled bent freely, horizontal screw conveyor includes a casing and a screw
With a ventilation space between it and a vertical screw conveyor
Has a ventilation path in the center of the screw,
-Empty space from the opening of the conveyor mechanism to the base tank
An unloading device in which an air flow passage is formed . 3. The unloading device according to claim 2, wherein an opening adjusting device is attached to an end of the casing at a leading end suction port of the transported object of the screw conveyor mechanism.