JP3153046U - Forklift fork fixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

A fork fixing device having an enhanced function of preventing fork pins from being detached is provided. A fork pin and a lock pin are inserted in accordance with a through hole and a through groove of a fork pin hole, respectively. By rotating the fork pin 23 by 90 degrees after the lock pin 25 passes through the fork fixing bracket 14, both the lower end 24 b and the lock pin 25 are inserted into the fork groove 19. The fork pin 23 receives a force in the rotational direction due to vibration, but the lock pin 25 comes into contact with the inner wall surface 26 of the fork groove 19 and the rotation is restricted. When a large vibration is generated by running on a stepped portion or a poorly conditioned path, the fork pin 23 jumps upward, but the lock pin 25 contacts the lower surface 27 of the fork fixing bracket 14. Therefore, the fork pin 23 is reliably prevented from coming out of the fork pin hole 20. [Selection] Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a fork fixing device for a forklift.

  For example, a fork of a reach type forklift is slidably fitted to a shaft whose head is fixed to a part of a backrest, and a pin positioned on a fixed bracket is inserted into the groove of the head. Thus, the shaft is fixed to the shaft so that the sliding movement is impossible. Since the pin for fixing the fork is in a free state, the pin is dropped from the bracket due to a large vibration or impact generated when the forklift travels on a stepped portion or a poorly conditioned path, and the fork is released from being fixed. There is a fear.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a fork fixing device for the purpose of preventing a pin from falling off. The fork fixing device of Patent Document 1 will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. In the support 50 fixed to a backrest (not shown), a notch groove 53 is provided on the outer circumference of the insertion hole 52 of the stopper pin 51. On the other hand, the stopper pin 51 is provided with a protrusion 54.

  The stopper pin 51 is inserted into the hole 52 at a position where the fork 56 is fixed on the shaft 55 and the projection 54 is inserted into the notch groove 53. When the projection 54 passes through the lower surface of the support 50, the lower end 51 a of the stopper pin 51 is inserted into a notch 57 formed in the head 56 a of the fork 56. By rotating the stopper pin 51 in this state, the protrusion 54 is displaced from the position of the notch groove 53 and contacts the lower surface of the support 50, so that the stopper pin 51 is prevented from coming off.

JP 2000-302395 A

  In Patent Document 1, when a large vertical vibration is generated from the state of FIG. 8, the protrusion 54 is in contact with the lower surface of the support 50, so that the stopper pin 51 is prevented from coming out of the support 50. However, since the forklift always vibrates even while traveling in a well-conditioned passage, the stopper pin 51 may be slightly rotated by receiving a normal small vibration. As a result, the protrusion 54 may coincide with the notch groove 53 of the support 50 by chance, and in some cases, the phenomenon that the alignment state is maintained for a long time due to the catch between the protrusion 54 and the notch groove 53 may occur. There is.

If a large vibration is received in a state where the protrusion 54 of the stopper pin 51 and the cutout groove 53 are aligned, the stopper pin 51 may come out of the support 50 in some cases.
Further, the coincidence phenomenon between the protrusion 54 and the notch groove 53 due to the rotation of the stopper pin 51 is likely to occur when the forklift travels on a stepped portion or a path with poor conditions. Moreover, this coincidence phenomenon may occur with a large vibration, and the stopper pin 51 often comes out of the support 50 at the same time as the projection 54 and the notch groove 53 coincide.

  The present invention has been derived in consideration of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fork fixing device having an enhanced function of preventing fork pins from coming off.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a fork head is fitted to a shaft so that a pair of left and right forks can be slid left and right, and a lower end portion of a fork pin is inserted into a fork groove formed in the fork head. At the time, in the fork fixing device of the fork lift for fixing the left and right sliding movement in the fork by inserting it through the fork pin hole provided in the fork fixing bracket, the fork pin has a shaft center line at the lower end portion of the fork pin. The fork pin hole is formed of a through hole through which the main body of the fork pin can pass and a through groove through which only the stop member can pass. The fork groove is formed to a depth at which a lower end portion of the fork pin and a retaining member can be inserted. The lower end of the fork pin inserted into the fork groove and a width capable of restricting the rotation of the retaining member, and when the rotation of the retaining member is restricted by the fork groove, The fork groove is formed so that a protruding direction with respect to the fork pin intersects a forming direction of the through groove with respect to the through hole of the fork pin hole.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the retaining member inserted into the fork groove comes into contact with the fork groove, the rotation of the fork pin is restricted. In addition, the protruding direction of the retaining member, whose rotation is restricted by the fork groove, intersects the fork pin forming direction of the fork pin hole, so that even if the fork pin slips out of the fork groove due to large vibrations. The possibility that the fork pin retaining member coincides with the through groove of the fork pin hole is extremely small. As a result, when the fork pin jumps up, the retaining member comes into contact with the lower surface of the fork fixing bracket, and the fork pin falls again into the fork groove without coming out of the fork pin hole of the fork fixing bracket, and the fork slides left and right. The fixation can be stably maintained so as not to move.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the installation position of the retaining member relative to the fork pin is such that the lower end of the fork pin exists in the fork groove when the retaining member contacts the lower surface of the fork fixing bracket. It is a position. Therefore, even if the fork pin is raised by vibration and the retaining member is in contact with the lower surface of the fork fixing bracket, the lower end of the fork pin is always located in the fork groove. The fork pin can be reliably returned, and the fork pin can be completely prevented from coming out of the fork groove, and the reliability of the fork fixing device that fixes the fork so that it does not slide from side to side can be further increased.

  The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that the retaining member is formed of a rod-shaped pin. Therefore, since the retaining member can be formed of a simple material, the attachment is easy and the cost can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, since the rotation of the fork pin is restricted, even if the fork pin jumps upward due to a large vibration or impact, the retaining member contacts the lower surface of the fixing bracket, and the fork pin is surely pulled out. Can be prevented.

It is the schematic of the reach type forklift which implemented this invention. It is a front view which shows the fixed state of a fork. It is a top view of a fork fixing bracket. It is an AA arrow directional view of FIG. It is a BB line arrow directional view of FIG. It is a perspective view of the fork pin which shows another Example. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the conventional fork fixing device. It is sectional drawing which shows the fork fixing device of FIG.

(First embodiment)
The first embodiment will be described with reference to the example of the reach type forklift shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the reach forklift 1 includes a vehicle body 2, a pair of straddle legs 3 projecting forward of the vehicle body 2, and a cargo handling device 4 that moves in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 2 along the straddle legs 3. ing. The vehicle body 2 is provided with a driver's cab 5 for driving while the driver stands, and a head guard 6 for protecting the driver at the top. The cab 5 is provided with a handle 7 and a cargo handling lever 8. The cargo handling device 4 includes a pair of left and right mast members 9, a backrest 10 that moves up and down along the mast member 9, and a pair of left and right forks 11 attached to the backrest 10. The driver can operate the cargo handling operation lever 8 from the cab 5 to load the fork 11 and raise and lower the load.

  FIG. 2 shows the structure of the right half of the backrest 10 with respect to the traveling direction of the reach-type forklift, and the left half is a structure having symmetry, so that the illustration is omitted. The backrest 10 has a pair of left and right side frames 12, and the lower ends thereof are connected by a lower frame 13. A U-shaped fork fixing bracket 14 is installed on the upper end side of the side frame 12, and bent end frames 15 on both sides of the fork fixing bracket 14 are fixed to the inside of the side frame 12 by welding or the like. . A shaft 16 is installed inside the end frame 15, and both ends of the shaft 16 are inserted into holes (not shown) formed in the end frame 15 and fixed.

  The fork 11 is supported by fitting a shaft 16 into a hole 18 formed in the fork head 17 and is movable in the left-right direction on the shaft 16. A fork groove 19 having a predetermined length extending in the front-rear direction of the reach-type forklift is formed on the upper end of the fork head 17. The fork groove 19 has a depth reaching the hole 18.

  On the other hand, the fork fixing bracket 14 has a plurality of fork pin holes 20 penetrating in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the fork pin hole 20 is formed in a substantially circular through hole 21 and a through groove formed continuously in the through hole 21 and in the shape of a long hole along the left-right direction of the fork fixing bracket 14. 22 and has a shape similar to a keyhole when viewed in plan. Therefore, the longitudinal direction of the through groove 22 and the longitudinal direction of the fork groove 19 intersect at a right angle. The through groove 22 is formed with a width smaller than the diameter of the through hole 21. Further, the fork pin holes 20 are provided at five positions on the right side from the center of the fork fixing bracket 14 and also at five positions on the left side. The fork pin holes 20 are appropriately spaced so as to be suitable for adjusting the distance between the pair of forks 11. Arranged.

  A fork pin 23 is used as means for fixing the fork 11 so that it cannot slide on the shaft 16. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the fork pin 23 has a main body portion 24a formed of a round bar having a slightly smaller diameter than the through hole 21, and a lower end portion 24b having a round bar shape that is a retaining member of the present invention. A lock pin 25 is provided. The lock pin 25 is formed so as to protrude in a direction perpendicular to the axial center line of the fork pin 23 and has a diameter and a length capable of passing through the through groove 22 (see FIG. 5). Accordingly, the fork pin 23 can pass through the fork pin hole 20 formed in the fork fixing bracket 14 by being inserted into the through hole 21 after aligning the lock pin 25 and the through groove 22. .

  Further, the fork pin 23 and the lock pin 25 rotate 90 degrees after passing through the through hole 21 and the through groove 22 and descend as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 25 both enter the fork groove 19 and the lower end surface of the fork pin 23 contacts the shaft 16 exposed in the fork groove 19 (see the solid line in FIG. 5). In this state, when a rotational force is applied to the fork pin 23, the lock pin 25 comes into contact with the inner wall surface 26 of the fork groove 19 to prevent the fork pin 23 from rotating (see the phantom line in FIG. 5). . In other words, the fork groove 19 has a length in the front-rear direction so that the fork pin 23 and the lock pin 25 can be inserted, and a width in the left-right direction is formed to regulate the rotation of the fork pin 23 and the lock pin 25. Yes.

The operation and effect of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described below.
For example, when the forks 11 are fixed at the widest intervals, each fork 11 has a fork groove 19 that coincides with the fork pin holes 20 formed on the right and left sides of the fork fixing bracket 14 as indicated by an imaginary line 11a in FIG. The fork 11a is moved along the shaft 16 to a position where the The fork pin 23 is inserted into the through hole 21 of the fork pin hole 20 where the fork 11 a is located and the lock pin 25 is inserted into the through groove 22.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when the lock pin 25 passes the lower surface 27 of the fork fixing bracket 14, the fork pin 23 is rotated 90 degrees, and the length direction of the lock pin 25 and the length direction of the fork groove 19 are changed. Adapted. Thereafter, by further inserting the fork pin 23, the lower end 24b and the lock pin 25 are both inserted into the fork groove 19, and the fixing operation of the fork 11a is completed with the lower end surface of the fork pin 23 contacting the shaft 16. .

  When the fork pin 23 receives a force in the rotational direction during the travel of the reach type forklift, the lock pin 25 comes into contact with the inner wall surface 26 of the fork groove 19 as shown by the phantom line in FIG. Therefore, it is held at a stable position. When the reach forklift generates a large vibration due to traveling on a stepped portion or a poorly conditioned path, a large impact is applied to the fork pin 23. The fork pin 23 jumps upward due to the impact, but is held in a stable position. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the lock pin 25 contacts the lower surface 27 of the fork fixing bracket 14, and the through groove 22 of the fork pin hole 20 There is no match. Therefore, the fork pin 23 is reliably prevented from coming out of the fork pin hole 20 and inserted again into the fork groove 19, so that the fork 11a is stably maintained so that the fork 11a does not slide in the left-right direction. Can do.

  When the distance between the pair of forks 11 is narrowed, the same fixing as described above is performed according to the position of the fork pin hole 20 located inside the fork fixing bracket 14 as in the fork 11b shown by the phantom line in FIG. What is necessary is just to perform operation.

The present invention is not limited to the configuration of each of the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention, and can be implemented as follows.
(1) In the first embodiment, as indicated by the phantom line in FIG. 4, when the fork pin 23 jumps up and the lock pin 25 contacts the lower surface 27 of the fork fixing bracket 14, the lower end surface of the fork pin 23 is the fork groove. It is comprised so that it may come out of 19 completely. However, in the present invention, by reducing the distance between the fork fixing bracket 14 and the shaft 16, the lower end surface of the fork pin 23 exists in the fork groove 19 when the lock pin 25 contacts the lower surface 27 of the fork fixing bracket 14. You may comprise so that it may do. With this configuration, when the fork pin 23 descends, the lock pin 25 can be more reliably returned into the fork groove 19 by being guided by the inner wall surface 26 of the fork groove 19.
(2) The lock pin 25 in the first embodiment can be configured as shown in FIG. The fork pin 28 shown in FIG. 6 is formed of a round bar, and a disk-shaped lock plate 29 which is a retaining member of the present invention is provided at the lower end thereof. The diameter of the lock plate 29 is larger than that of the fork pins 28. The lock plate 29 can be formed integrally with the fork pin 28 or can be fixed to the fork pin 28 by welding or screwing. Although not shown, the through groove corresponding to the through groove 22 of the fork pin hole 20 formed in the fork fixing bracket 14 of the first embodiment is configured to allow only the lock plate 29 to pass therethrough.
(3) The intersection angle between the length direction of the fork groove 19 and the formation direction of the through groove 22 in the fork pin hole 20 is not limited to 90 degrees and may be set to another angle as in the first embodiment. Is possible.
(4) In the first embodiment, the lock pin 25 is not necessarily attached at a right angle to the axial center line of the fork pin 23, and may be attached at another angle.
(5) The present invention is not limited to reach forklifts, but can be implemented in other forklifts such as counter-type forklifts.

10 Backrest 11, 11a, 11b Fork 14 Fork Fixing Bracket 16 Shaft 17 Fork Head 19 Fork Groove 20 Fork Pin Hole 21 Through Hole 22 Through Groove 23, 28 Fork Pin 25 Lock Pin (Retaining Member)
26 inner wall surface 29 lock plate (prevention member)

Claims (3)

When the fork head is fitted to the shaft so that the pair of left and right forks can be slid to the left and right, and the lower end of the fork pin is inserted into the fork groove formed in the fork head, the fork fixing bracket is provided. In the fork fixing device of the forklift that fixes the left and right sliding movement in the fork by inserting it through the fork pin hole,
The lower end portion of the fork pin is provided with a retaining member that protrudes in a direction crossing the axial center line of the fork pin, and the fork pin hole has a through hole through which the main body of the fork pin can pass. The fork groove is formed at a depth at which the lower end of the fork pin and the retaining member can be inserted, and is inserted into the fork groove. The fork pin is formed to have a width that can restrict the rotation of the lower end portion of the fork pin and the retaining member, and when the rotation of the retaining member is regulated by the fork groove, the protruding direction of the retaining member with respect to the fork pin is the fork A fork of a forklift characterized in that the fork groove is formed so as to intersect the forming direction of the through groove with respect to the through hole of the pin hole Constant apparatus.   The installation position of the retaining member with respect to the fork pin is a position where a lower end of the fork pin exists in the fork groove when the retaining member contacts the lower surface of the fork fixing bracket. Item 2. A fork fixing device for a forklift according to item 1.   The fork fixing device for a forklift according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the retaining member is formed of a rod-shaped pin.