JP3138062B2 - Drilling machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drilling apparatus for drilling a hole with a drill or a hole saw.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When drilling a workpiece with a drill or a hole saw, the drill or the hole saw is attached to a chuck of a spindle in a drilling machine. When drilling, supply of cutting oil to a drilling position is performed. Are doing.

[0003]

Conventionally, the supply of the cutting oil to the drilled portion has been performed by injecting the cutting oil from an oil supply hole provided in a shaft of a drill or the like or a separately provided nozzle. . Generally, the supply of the cutting oil to the drilled portion always supplies a substantially constant amount of the cutting oil regardless of the hole diameter, the cutting speed, and the like. Therefore, conventionally, there is a problem that the supply amount of the cutting oil is insufficient when, for example, the cutting resistance is large and the heat generation is large, and the supply of the cutting oil is excessive when the small holes are machined, resulting in much waste.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and is intended to appropriately supply cutting oil in accordance with cutting conditions for drilling.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention detects a drilling tool for drilling a workpiece and a relative rotational speed of the drilling tool with respect to the workpiece. A rotation detector, a feed speed detector that detects a feed speed of the processing tool with respect to the work, a position detection unit that detects a depth of a processing hole of the processing tool with respect to the work, and a load of a motor that rotates the processing tool. A load detector that detects the flow rate, a flow control valve capable of controlling the flow rate of the cutting oil supplied to the processing position of the workpiece by the processing tool, and a control device that controls the flow control valve. Supply amount of cutting oil based on detection, supply amount of cutting oil based on detection of the feed speed detector, supply amount of cutting oil based on detection of the position detection unit, and supply of cutting oil based on detection of the load detector Amount and ratio And determining the maximum supply amount, in which in response to the supply of this maximum becomes a configuration for controlling the opening of the flow control valve.

[0006]

FIG. 1 shows a drilling machine 1 as an example of a drilling apparatus 1 for drilling a workpiece W. This drilling device 1 is provided with a work table 3 for supporting a work W in the same manner as a normal radial drilling machine. An arm 9 supporting a processing head 7 is turned on a column 5 erected on the work table 3. It is mounted so that it can be adjusted vertically.

The machining head 7 is provided with a spindle 13 rotatably supporting a drilling tool 11 such as a drill or a hole saw, and a quill 15 for rotatably supporting the spindle 13 is vertically moved. Be prepared for it. The spindle 13 is rotated by driving a motor M mounted on the processing head 7, and the motor M is provided with a rotation detector 17 for each rotary pulse encoder for detecting the number of rotations. For example, a load detector 19 for detecting the load of the motor M, such as a torque detector, a current detector, and a power detector, is provided.

Although not shown, the quill 15 in the processing head 7 is manually or automatically moved up and down. The quill 15 is a vertical movement detector such as a pulse encoder for detecting the up and down movement of the quill 15. 21 are provided. Further, the processing head 7 is provided with a nozzle 23 for supplying cutting oil to the hole processing position. The nozzle 23 is connected to an oil pump (not shown), and the amount of cutting oil supplied from the nozzle 23 can be controlled according to cutting conditions as described later. In the case of a configuration in which a supply hole is provided in the axis of the drilling tool 11 to supply the cutting oil, the nozzle 23 may be omitted.

In order to control the amount of cutting oil supplied to the hole drilling position of the workpiece W by the hole drilling tool 11, a flow control valve 25 is provided in an oil supply passage connecting the oil pump and the nozzle 23. I have. This flow control valve 25 is
For example, it is composed of an electromagnetic proportional valve or the like, and controls the flow rate of the cutting oil supplied from the oil pump to the nozzle 23. The flow control valve 25 is controlled by a control device 27 such as a CNC. Things.

The control device 27 controls the flow control valve 25.
Each of the detectors is connected to a control device 27 in order to perform the above control.

That is, the rotation detector 17 is connected to the control device 27 via the first arithmetic unit 29. The first calculation unit 29 calculates the number of rotations of the spindle 13 based on the pulse input from the rotation detector 17 and the clock pulse input from the pulse oscillator 31, and controls the rotation from an appropriate input unit 33 such as a keyboard. The peripheral speed of the drilling tool 11 is calculated based on the data of the diameter of the drilling tool 11 input to the device 27.

The detected value of the load detector 19 is input to a second arithmetic unit 35. The second calculation unit 35 calculates the cutting resistance based on the detection value of the load detector 19 and detects a load change of the load detector 19. The calculation of the cutting force may be performed based on a relational expression between the detected value and the cutting force, or a data table indicating the relationship between the detected value and the cutting force is created in advance, and this data table is used. The cutting force may be determined based on the cutting force.

The vertical movement detector 21 includes a speed detection unit 37.
And to the position detection unit 39.
The speed detection unit 37 detects the vertical movement speed of the quill 15 based on a pulse input from the vertical movement detector 21 and a clock pulse input from the pulse oscillator 31. The vertical position of the quill 15 is detected by counting the number of pulses input from the detector 21 to detect the processing depth of the hole drilling tool 11 with respect to the work W.

The control unit 27 includes the operation units 29 and 3
5, input unit 33, speed detection unit 37, and position detection unit 39
The control of the flow rate control valve 25 is performed based on the input data from the CPU. When controlling the flow rate control valve 25, for example, the supply amount is determined based on each data table showing the relationship between the peripheral speed, the cutting resistance, the cutting speed, the cutting position, and the like and the supply amount of the cutting oil. For example, when the supply amounts determined based on the respective data tables are the same, there is no problem.However, when the supply amounts are different, the determined supply amounts are compared and the cutting oil amount is determined according to the maximum supply amount. Supply.

In the above configuration, when the motor M is driven to lower the quill 15 to start drilling of the workpiece W, the peripheral speed of the drilling tool 11 is calculated in the first calculating section 29, and the calculation is performed. Based on the result, the control device 27
, The supply amount (Q1) of the cutting oil is determined. In addition,
When the quill 15 is lowered by a cylinder or the like in this case, the quill 15 is rapidly lowered. Then, whether the descending speed is within the allowable range is determined by comparing the value detected by the speed detecting unit 37 with a preset allowable value in the control device 27. If the descending speed is rapid, the speed is controlled to an appropriate speed. Is done.

When the drilling tool 11 contacts the workpiece W and starts machining, the load on the load detector 19 rapidly increases. Based on this load variation, the lowering speed of the quill 15 is reduced to the cutting speed. Controlled.

In the case of the configuration in which the quill 15 is lowered by the cylinder as described above, the load fluctuation can be detected also by detecting the pressure change in the cylinder.

As described above, when the drilling tool 11 starts drilling of the workpiece W, the calculating section 35 calculates the cutting resistance based on the value detected by the load detector 19. Also,
The speed detector 37 calculates the cutting speed of the drilling tool 11. Further, the position detector 39 counts the number of pulses input from the vertical motion detector 21 when the load detector 19 detects that the processing of the work W has started, and counts the number of pulses from the upper surface of the work W. The processing depth of the drilling tool 11 is calculated.

Based on the input data from the calculation unit 35, the speed detection unit 37, and the position detection unit 39, the control unit 27 controls the supply amount (Q2, Q
3, Q4) is determined based on each data table and the like, and the supply amount (Q1) based on the peripheral speed and the supply amounts (Q2, Q
3, Q4) to determine the maximum supply amount (for example, Q1). Then, the opening degree and the like of the flow control valve 25 are controlled in accordance with the maximum supply amount.

Therefore, an optimum amount of cutting oil is always supplied to the processing position by the drilling tool 11.

As described above, when the cutting oil is supplied to the processing position, it is preferable that the opening degree of the flow control valve 25 or the amount of the cutting oil is displayed on a display device (not shown). With this configuration, it can be confirmed visually.

The control of the supply amount of the cutting oil can be performed according to the material of the work. It is desirable to sample the detection value of the vessel and control the supply amount each time.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be implemented in other modes by making appropriate changes. For example, when processing is performed by moving the arm 9 up and down, the vertical movement of the arm 9 may be detected instead of the quill. When a variable displacement pump is used as the oil pump, the pump can be controlled without controlling the flow control valve. Further, the present invention can be applied to a case where a hole is formed in a work by using a lathe or the like.

[0024]

As will be understood from the above description of the embodiment, in the present invention, the supply amount and the feed speed of the cutting oil based on the detection of the rotation detector 17 for detecting the rotation speed of the drilling tool 11 are determined. The position detecting unit 3 which detects the supply amount of the cutting oil and the depth of the machining hole based on the detection of the feed speed detector 37 to be detected.
The maximum supply amount is determined by comparing the supply amount of the cutting oil based on the detection of No. 9 with the supply amount of the cutting oil based on the detection of the load detector 19 which detects the load of the motor, and corresponds to the maximum supply amount. Therefore, even when various conditions change at the time of drilling of the workpiece W by the hole drilling tool 11, the opening degree of the flow control valve 25 is controlled. The maximum supply amount of the required cutting oil can be obtained.

Therefore, even when the cutting conditions and the like are variously changed when the workpiece W is pierced by the hole drilling tool 11, the cutting oil can always be held at an appropriate amount. It can be done reasonably without excess or deficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 11 drilling tool 15 quill 17 rotation detector 19 load detector 21 vertical motion detector 25 flow control valve 27 controller

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A drilling tool (11) for drilling a workpiece (W) and a rotation detector (17) for detecting a relative rotation speed of the processing tool (11) with respect to the workpiece (W). And the machining tool (1) for the workpiece (W)
A feed speed detector (37) for detecting the feed speed of 1),
A position detector (39) for detecting a depth of a processing hole of the processing tool (11) with respect to the workpiece (W); and a load detector (for detecting a load of a motor (M) for rotating the processing tool (11)). 19), a flow control valve (25) capable of controlling the flow rate of the cutting oil supplied to the processing position of the work (W) by the processing tool (11), and a control device (25) for controlling the flow control valve (25). 27), and the rotation detector (1)
7) The supply amount of cutting oil based on the detection, the supply amount of cutting oil based on the detection of the feed speed detector (37), the supply amount of cutting oil based on the detection of the position detection unit (39), and the load detection. The maximum supply amount is determined by comparing the supply amount of the cutting oil based on the detection of the device (19), and the opening degree of the flow control valve (25) is controlled in accordance with the maximum supply amount. A perforation processing apparatus characterized in that: