JP3137928B2 - Perforated parallax image display device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a geological survey of a construction site for excavation of a dam or an underground cavity, and an image of a borehole or a sewer used for in-pipe inspection of a sewer or the like. The present invention relates to a perforated parallax image display apparatus that displays a parallax image that can be stereoscopically viewed by developing an all-around image.

[0002]

In boreholes and sewage systems, deformation and cracks occur in part of the hole wall due to ground pressure and land subsidence, etc. May leak into the ground.

For this reason, it is important to closely detect the state of the hole wall surface such as a boring hole and a sewer to accurately detect a leak position. However, a conventional observation device uses a two-dimensional image having no depth to obtain observation data. Because of the display, it was difficult to find a problem spot such as a crack formed on the hole wall surface.

On the other hand, in order to display a stereoscopic image having a depth, it is necessary to obtain parallax images corresponding to the left and right eyes. For this reason, several methods have been considered. One method is to move one camera to separate left and right parallax images, and the other is to shoot left and right parallax images simultaneously with two cameras. There is a way.

[0005] In a method of moving one camera for photographing, as shown in FIG. 10, an object is photographed first at a position A, and when the photographing is completed, the camera is moved to the next position B to photograph.
By making the moving distance the same as the human binocular distance (65 mm), left and right images having binocular parallax can be obtained by one camera. When the moving distance is set to be the same as the distance between human eyes, a natural three-dimensional effect can be obtained. However, when the moving distance is further increased, the three-dimensional effect is more emphasized. In this case, since the image is taken by one camera, the left and right image qualities are the same, and it is easy to set the optical axis interval of the camera to the interval between human eyes, but it is difficult to take a moving image.

In a method of simultaneously photographing with two cameras, as shown in FIG. 11, a subject is photographed with a two-lens camera corresponding to both left and right eyes. In this case, since two cameras are used for shooting, it is easy to shoot a moving image, but it is difficult to make the left and right image qualities the same or to set the optical axis interval to the distance between human eyes depending on the size of the camera. Yes, the equipment also becomes larger.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of displaying a perimeter image of a hole wall such as a boring hole or groundwater in a stereoscopic manner using a method of moving one camera to obtain left and right parallax images. It was done for the purpose.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is configured as follows.

That is, an illuminating device for illuminating the entire circumferential direction of the hole wall surface, a video camera having wide-angle photographing means for shooting an entire circumferential image of the hole wall surface illuminated by the illuminating device from one viewpoint at a time, and the video camera An omnidirectional image developing means for converting an omnidirectional image of the hole wall surface captured by the camera into a developed image, a scanning means for moving the video camera to scan the hole wall surface at a fixed distance interval, and a scanned hole A photographing order image data recording means for recording the image data of the wall surface in the photographing order; and displaying left and right parallax images by combining the scanned current image data and the photographing order image data at a position separated by a certain distance. Parallax image display means, and displays a perimeter image of the hole wall surface captured by the video camera in a stereoscopically viewable manner. It is the location.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a perforated parallax image display apparatus embodying the present invention. The hole wall surface parallax image display apparatus includes a probe 1 for observing a hole wall surface, a wire 2 for suspending the probe 1, a winch 3 for pulling the wire 2 to move the probe 1 up and down, and a winch attached to a shaft of the winch 3. A rotary encoder 4 for generating a pulse every time the 3 rotates by a certain angle, a cable 5 for transmitting observation data of the probe 1, a processing device 6 for inputting the observation data of the probe 1 and performing image processing, Image processing result is T
It comprises a display device 7 for displaying on the V screen and a storage device 8 for storing the image processing results of the processing device 7.

FIG. 2 shows an internal configuration diagram of the probe 1.
The probe 1 includes a video camera 11 that captures an image of the entire circumference of the hole wall surface, and a video camera 1 connected to the video camera 11.
A control device 12 for controlling the camera 1, a compass unit 13 integrally attached to the video camera 11 to detect a direction of the video camera 11, and output direction data of a captured image, and a video camera 1.
The illumination lamp 14 is attached to the outer periphery of the lens 1 and illuminates the entire circumference of the hole wall surface.

As shown in FIG. 3, the video camera 11 captures an image of the entire circumference of the hole wall from one viewpoint at a time.
A wide-angle lens L is attached to photograph the front wall surface of the hole. In this case, the image range captured by the video camera 11 is r
Range.

The parallax image display apparatus with a hole wall surface according to the present invention has the above-described configuration, and the probe 1 is inserted into the hole, and the illumination lamp 14 illuminates the entire circumferential direction of the hole wall surface. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, a 360-degree donut-shaped image around the entire circumference is captured by the video camera 11. In the figure, a indicates a diagonal crack formed in the hole wall surface, b indicates a horizontal crack, and c indicates a vertical crack. The entire circumference image appears to expand outward from the center of the image when the probe 1 descends in the hole.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a processing device 5 for processing observation data of the probe 1. The processing device 5 converts the video signal of the video camera 11 into R,
After being decomposed into G and B signals, the A / D converter 52 converts the signals into digital image data. The digitized image data is converted into a group of pixels as shown in FIG. 6 by the write memory data controller 53, using a pulse generated by the rotary encoder 4 as a trigger, every time the video camera 11 moves a predetermined distance, for example. One frame of image data is stored in the image memory 54 every time the lens is moved by 1 mm.

The image memory 54 stores all image data taken while the video camera 11 moves a predetermined distance. For example, if the fixed distance is 65 mm, which is the same as the distance between both eyes, one frame of image data is stored every time the video camera 11 moves 1 mm, and at least 65 frames of image data are stored at a time. At this time, pixel data on a certain line located diagonally forward and backward with respect to the moving direction is extracted from each frame of the image data, and these are arranged in the photographing order and developed into two continuous images. Can be displayed separately for the left and right eyes to display a stereoscopically viewable still image. This stereoscopically viewable still image is printed on paper so that the state of the hole wall surface can be observed in detail later.

The image memory 54 controls the number of image data to be stored at one time, and controls the image data to be newly stored each time the video camera 11 moves so that the oldest image data is overwritten and added. I do.

When the image data is stored in the image memory 54 in this manner, the positional interval between the newly added image data and the oldest image data is always equal to a certain distance.

In the NTSC system, an interlace in which a screen composed of 262.5 scanning lines is transmitted 60 times per second and a second image scanning line is swept between the scanning lines of the first image. (Interlaced scanning) method is used. In FIG.
FIG. 2 shows a scanning line diagram of this interlaced system. In the interlaced mode, the odd field shown on the left side of the figure and the even field shown on the right side are combined in a total of 52 fields.
A screen (one frame) by five scanning lines is displayed. In other words, in this method, 262.5 in the first 1/60 second
262.5 scanning lines are drawn in the next 1/60 second, and 525 completed screens are formed by these two times.

The image data stored in the image memory 54 is stored in an odd number at a rate of 60 times per second by the memory address controller 55 in accordance with vertical and horizontal synchronization signals for each field. The data of the field and the even field are alternately read many times. The reading of the image memory 54 is performed by alternately switching the read address, combining the image data to be newly added and the oldest image data, and alternately reading them in a time-division manner. At this time, by changing the read addresses of the left and right image data to be combined, the interval of the fixed distance can be arbitrarily adjusted.

The image memory 54 is read in a spiral manner starting from a fixed direction by controlling the coordinate conversion table 56 while referring to the direction data of the photographed image output from the compass 13.

The image data is read out in a spiral form.
This is because the scanning lines on the TV screen are inclined as shown in FIG. By reading out the image data in accordance with the inclination of the scanning line, it is possible to correct the positional deviation when displaying the image on the TV screen and reproduce the screen with high fidelity.

The image of the hole wall surface read in a spiral shape is
Although a trapezoidal figure is formed due to the difference between the inner and outer circumferences, the figure is converted into a rectangular figure as shown in FIG. 8 by correcting the coordinate conversion table 56 at the same time as reading image data.

When the probe 1 is lowered at a constant speed, the position of the video camera 11 changes every moment. Therefore, when the entire circumference image of the hole wall surface captured by the video camera 11 is processed at high speed and coordinate-transformed for each frame and displayed, a continuous full-circle development image of the hole wall surface is displayed. .

When a single camera is moved to capture left and right parallax images, the moving direction is set to be horizontal and displayed on the left and right images. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, the video camera 11 is moved from top to bottom and the vertical parallax images A,
When shooting B and displaying it as a parallax image corresponding to the left and right eyes, the image needs to be oriented horizontally. Therefore, the leading lines a and b in the moving direction of the captured images A and B
Is displayed so as to be located at the left end or the right end of the images A and B when displayed.

The left and right image data converted as described above are converted into analog signals by the D / A converter 57, and a video signal is output through the RGB matrix circuit 58.

The stereoscopic image reproduces a space having depth before and after the display surface by separately presenting two two-dimensional images having binocular parallax to the left and right eyes. For this reason, generally, left and right parallax images are simultaneously presented on a CRT or a liquid crystal display for the left and right eyes to display a stereoscopic image.

It is known that a stereoscopic image can be stereoscopically viewed even if the left and right parallax images are not completely simultaneous and have a time delay of about 100 ms or less. NTSC
Since 60 images are presented per second in the system, about 16.
Each image will be presented every 7 ms. Therefore, 1
The left and right parallax images are alternately displayed on the TV screens in a time-division manner, and the stereoscopic view is made possible by observing the TV screens with shutter glasses that alternately open and close the left and right eyes.

In addition, the left and right parallax images displayed on one TV screen may be separately presented using complementary glasses or polarized glasses.

[0030]

According to the present invention, the parallax image display apparatus with a hole wall surface is provided.
Using a method in which one camera is moved to obtain left and right parallax images, an all-around image of a hole wall surface such as a borehole or groundwater is displayed in a stereoscopic manner. Thus, according to the present invention,
Since the depth of the hole wall can be known, the situation of the hole wall can be grasped more realistically than conventional equipment, and problems such as cracks in the hole wall that were difficult to find in the past can be easily done. Can be found in

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a hole wall surface observation device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an internal configuration diagram of a probe.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of photographing of a wide-angle lens.

FIG. 4 is an example of a captured image of a hole wall surface.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a processing device.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of digitized image data.

FIG. 7 is a scanning line diagram of an interlaced system.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a developed image of the entire wall surface of the hole.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of left and right parallax images displayed with the moving direction set to the horizontal direction.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a method of photographing left and right parallax images by moving one camera.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a method of simultaneously capturing left and right parallax images with two cameras.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 probe 2 wire 3 winch 4 rotary encoder 5 cable 6 processing device 7 display device 8 storage device 11 video camera 12 control device 13 azimuth meter 14 illumination lamp 51 RGB decoder 52 A / D converter 53 writing memory data controller 54 image memory 55 Read memory address controller 56 Coordinate conversion table 57 D / A converter 58 RGB matrix circuit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-7-168124 (JP, A) JP-A-3-212610 (JP, A) JP-A-5-76487 (JP, A) JP-A-5-76487 149885 (JP, A) JP-A-8-262332 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G02B 23/24 G01N 21/954 E21B 47/00 H04N 7/18 H04N 13/02

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An illumination device for illuminating the entire peripheral direction of a hole wall surface, a video camera including a wide-angle photographing means for photographing an entire peripheral image of the hole wall surface illuminated by the illumination device from one viewpoint at a time, and the video Full-circumference image developing means for converting a full-circumferential image of the hole wall surface captured by the camera into a developed image; scanning means for moving the video camera to scan the hole wall surface at a fixed distance interval; A photographing order image data recording means for recording wall image data in photographing order; and displaying left and right parallax images by combining the scanned current image data and the photographing order image data at a position separated by a certain distance. A parallax image display device, comprising: a parallax image display unit, wherein a perimeter image of the hole wall surface captured by the video camera is displayed in a stereoscopic manner.