JP3134260U - Hand loom - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hand loom suitable for using a thick warp or weaving a wide hand woven fabric with a larger number of warps, and forming various kinds of folds by forming a unique fold with each fold alone. It can be used to weave a wide variety of patterns, and can be easily operated with a light force to drive a scissors and shredder, while simplifying maintenance and maintenance of the rubber body for hanging the scissors.
Since each hook operated by a tread has a structure that can be hung through a rubber body G having a desired elasticity, a rubber body having elasticity according to the preference of the operator is selected, Since it can be used to suspend the kite, it is easy to step on the footsteps and can withstand long-term work. Maintenance when the rubber body is permanently deformed and stretched is also easy and the rubber body can be immediately reinforced. In addition, since the large-diameter gear and the small-diameter gear are used in combination, it is easy to perform a cutting operation.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a hand loom suitable for a case where a thick warp is used or a wide hand woven fabric is woven with a larger number of warps.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional hand loom. At least front and rear legs 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d are attached to left and right girder frames 1a and 1b. In addition, the left and right girder frames 1a to 1b, and the left and right legs 2a to 2b, and 2c to 2d are connected by beam members to constitute a loom.

A cloth roll 4 is provided immediately in front of the chair board 3, and a sheath 5 is suspended in front of the chair board 3, and two pairs of ridges 61, 62 and 63, 64 can be moved up and down alternately. It is suspended by 71 and 72. In addition, four treads 81 to 84 are provided at the positions of the feet corresponding to the respective ridges 61, 62, 63, and 64. A shredder 9 for winding warp is passed between the legs 2c to 2d at the rearmost end, and a chrysanthemum ring (ratchet gear) 10 for preventing reverse rotation is fixed to one end thereof.

When hand-weaving with this hand loom, the warp previously wound around the shredder 9 is unwound, inserted into the thread holes of the ridges 61, 62, 63 and 64 and passed between the comb teeth of the cage 5 Then, the front end is wound around the cloth winding 4 and fixed. By repeating the operation of stepping 81-84, by alternately raising and lowering the ridges 61, 62 and 63, 64, each warp yarn is alternately opened up and down, and the operation of passing the weft with a heel is repeated. The operation of weaving the fabric, winding the woven fabric around the fabric winding 4 and unwinding the warp from the shredder 9 is repeated.

The inventor of the present invention proposed Japanese Patent No. 3026424 as an improved invention of such a conventional hand loom. In other words, a hand loom that can freely weave thick fabrics and blurry patterns and patterns, etc., and a hand loom suitable for weaving such hand weaving and excellent in workability are realized. Therefore, the following configuration was proposed. The first is a hand woven fabric obtained by hand-weaving using a thick yarn obtained by twisting at least five base yarns, and the number of base yarns constituting the thick yarn varies depending on the region. Further, at least one base yarn having a different color or dyeing method is included among the plurality of base yarns constituting the thick yarn. Second, the hand woven fabric can be woven by a hand loom that is rough enough to allow the threading of the cocoon and the braid to pass through a thick yarn made by twisting at least five or more yarns. The hand loom has a structure with excellent workability.
Patent No. 3026424

In such an improved hand loom, the thread stopper is supported so as to be movable in the front-rear direction by being guided by the left and right guide frames extending rearward of the reed, and the fixing means for the thread stopper is provided in the front-rear direction. The left and right guide frames are arranged at regular intervals, and the entire length of the guide frame can be shortened by folding it 180 degrees outward in a horizontal plane with the vertical axis as a fulcrum. For this reason, the conventional hand loom is not required to be chopped, and coupled with the fact that the guide frame can be bent, the loom can be downsized. Therefore, even when the guide frame is extended, it can be woven by gradually moving the thread stopper forward even when it is folded and shortened, so that it can be woven. Suitable for weaving. Further, since the thread stopper can be moved to the side of the heel, when trouble occurs near the heel, the work can be easily approached near the heel and workability is improved.

However, the pair of heels 61 and 62, 63 and 64 are alternately moved up and down to open the warp alternately up and down, and the heels run in the left-right direction while forming a heel path, making a pair Only two patterns can be formed: 杼 61 ・ 62 and 6363 ・ 64. As a result, it is not suitable for weaving various patterns using various warps. In addition, when using a thick warp as described above or weaving a wide cloth having a width of, for example, 70 cm, a large amount of labor is required to wind all the warp around the shredder 9 interlocked with the reverse rotation preventing ratchet gear 10. .
The technical problem of the present invention is to pay attention to such problems, and each fold can form a unique lane to realize various lane patterns and weave various patterns. It is intended to facilitate the driving operation of the scissors and shredder with a light force and to simplify the maintenance of the rubber body.

The technical problem of the present invention is solved by the following means. Claim 1 uses a rubber body G having a desired elasticity as the elastic means in a structure in which each of the eaves 61 to 64 operated by the stepping tree is suspended via the elastic means as shown in FIG. It is a characteristic hand loom. In this way, since each hook operated by the tread has a structure that is suspended via the rubber body G having a desired elasticity, a rubber body having a desired elasticity according to the operator's preference is provided. Since it can be selected and used to hang the kite, it is easy to step on the footsteps and can withstand long-term work.

Claim 2 uses at least one string-like or belt-like rubber body as the rubber body, and when the rubber body is permanently deformed and stretched, the string-like or belt-like rubber body as shown in FIG. The hand loom according to claim 1, wherein the number of the hand looms is increased. In this way, when the bag is suspended by one or more string-like or belt-like rubber bodies, and the rubber body is permanently deformed and stretched, by increasing the number of the string-like or belt-like rubber bodies, Since the suspension force can be increased and the heel can be returned to the original reference height, the same rubber body can be continuously used until it is permanently deformed and extended again.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, when the rubber body is permanently deformed and stretched, as shown in FIG. 3, the mounting height of the rubber body is increased. Item 3. The hand loom according to Item 2. In this way, when the rubber body is permanently deformed and stretched, the rubber body can be attached to a higher height by the stretched amount, and the wrinkles can be returned to the original reference height. The same rubber body can be used continuously until it is deformed and further stretched. In addition, the structure of claim 2 can be used together.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, when the rubber body is permanently deformed and extended, a spacer such as a wedge means is used to increase the height of the entire rubber body as shown in FIGS. The hand loom according to claim 1, 2, or 3. As described above, when the rubber body is permanently deformed and stretched, a spacer such as a wedge means is used to increase the overall height of the rubber body. By increasing the height of the whole body, the heel can be returned to the original reference height, so that the same rubber body can be continuously used until it is further permanently deformed and extended. In addition, the structure of Claim 2 and FIG. 3 can be used together.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, a horizontal stopper or a horizontal stopper for preventing the upper and lower ends of each bar from rising above a certain level L, as shown in FIG. The hand loom according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a reference wire is provided. The wire includes thread and string. In this way, horizontal stoppers are provided to prevent the upper and lower girders of each kite from rising above a certain level so that the height of each kite is constant. The height can always be kept constant. Then, when both ends of the upper and lower girders of the heel are lowered and separated from the horizontal stopper, it can be determined that the rubber body has been permanently deformed and extended, so that the rubber body can be reinforced early. Instead of the horizontal stopper, it is possible to determine the lowering state of the bag only by providing a reference wire.

A sixth aspect of the present invention has a structure in which a large-diameter gear interlocked with a shredder and a small-diameter operation gear mesh with each other, and the small-diameter gear is rotated by a crank or the like. The hand loom according to any one of items up to item 5. In this way, the large-diameter gear interlocked with the shredder and the small-diameter operation gear mesh with each other, and the small-diameter gear is driven to rotate with a crank or the like. Therefore, it is suitable for winding a large number of warps, such as when winding a thick and heavy warp strongly or when weaving a wider cloth.

According to the first aspect, since each of the scissors operated by the tread has a structure that is suspended via the rubber body G having a desired elasticity, the rubber body having a desired elasticity according to the preference of the operator. Can be used to suspend the kite, making it easier to step on the footsteps and endure long hours of work.

As in claim 2, when the heel is suspended by one or more string-like or belt-like rubber bodies, and the rubber body is permanently deformed and extended, by increasing the number of string-like or belt-like rubber bodies, Since the suspension force of the rubber body can be increased and the heel can be returned to the original reference height L, the same rubber body can be continuously used until it is permanently deformed and stretched again.

If the rubber body is permanently deformed and stretched as in claim 3, the height of the rubber body is increased by the stretched amount, and the heel is returned to the original reference height L. Therefore, the same rubber body can be continuously used until it is further permanently deformed and further stretched.

When the rubber body has been permanently deformed and stretched as in claim 4, the structure has a structure in which the height of the entire rubber body is increased by using a spacer such as a wedge means. By increasing the height of the entire rubber body by the amount, the heel can be returned to the original reference height L, so that the same rubber body can be continuously used until it is further permanently deformed and extended.

As in claim 5, horizontal stoppers are provided to prevent the upper and lower girders of each heel from rising above a certain level L so that the height of each heel is constant. , The height of each ridge can always be set to a certain level L. Then, when both ends of the upper and lower girders of the heel are lowered and separated from the horizontal stopper, it can be determined that the rubber body has been permanently deformed and extended, so that the rubber body can be reinforced early. Instead of the horizontal stopper, it is possible to determine the lowering state of the bag only by providing a reference wire.

As described in claim 6, since the large-diameter gear interlocked with the shredder and the small-diameter operation gear mesh with each other, and the small-diameter gear is driven to rotate by a crank or the like, the operation rotational speed increases. Since it can be easily rotated with a light force, it is suitable for winding a large number of warps, such as when winding a thick and heavy warp strongly or when weaving a wider cloth.

Next, an embodiment of how the hand loom according to the present invention is actually realized will be described. FIG. 2 is a side view showing a rubber-type anchor hanging structure according to the present invention, and each member in the beam direction is represented by a cross-sectional view. 62 is one ridge, and for example, only one of the four ridges 61 to 64 is represented in detail. h is a hole through which one warp is passed, and the upper end is connected and fixed to the upper girder R1 through the upper and lower wires, and the lower end is connected and fixed to the lower girder R2, so that a rectangular frame shape as a whole is obtained. Is formed. Such a thread hole h is formed in each comb tooth of each of the reeds 61 to 64, and the whole hand loom has the thread holes h corresponding to the number of warps. However, a large thread hole h is provided so that a thick warp can be passed.

Such a hook 62 is suspended and supported by a support beam 72 for supporting the upper hook through a string-like or belt-like rubber body G. The lower end of the rubber body G made of a rubber string or the like is connected and fixed to the metal housing 23, and the upper end is connected and fixed to the metal housing 24. Then, the lower casing 23 is hooked on the bracket 24 fixed to the upper girder R1 of the flange 62, and the upper casing 24 is hooked on the bracket 15 fixed to the support beam 72. It is connected. The lower girder R2 of the heel 62 is connected to the tip of the lower foot 82 by a non-stretchable string or rope 16 such as a rubber body. Reference numeral 17 denotes a support shaft of the treads 81 to 84.

As shown in FIG. 6, the other fences 61, 63, 64 are also suspended on the support beams 71, 73, 74 through the rubber body G in the same manner, so that the desired footsteps 81 to 84 are selectively selected. When the foot is stepped on, the corresponding heels 61 to 64 are selectively pulled down against the rubber body G, and the warps inserted through the thread holes h of the heels 61 to 64 are lowered all at once to form a ridge. As a result, the kite can run. Therefore, in conventional hand looms, only one type of saddle can be formed by raising one of the pair of hooks and lowering the other. In the case of the present invention, each of the hooks 61 to 64 is independent. Then, the warp can be pulled down to form a saddle, so that many patterns can be woven.

If each hail 61-64 is hung with a strong metal pulling coil spring, even if it is used for a long time, the coil spring will be permanently deformed and extended, and hail 61-64 will rarely remain lowered, Since the spring force is strong, a large operating force is required to step down the ridges 61 to 64 with the stepping trees 81 to 84 against the spring force, which is not suitable for long-time work. In addition, a coil spring having a weak spring force cannot be easily and freely selected. However, when the rubber body G is used to suspend each hook 61 to 64 as in the present invention, a rubber body with weak elasticity can be selected and used according to each operator's preference, so the stepping operation is light. As a result, long-time work can be easily sustained.

However, if a rubber body with weak elasticity is used, even when the hand loom is not used, the hooks 61 to 64 are always suspended and the tension is always applied, so that elongation due to permanent deformation tends to occur. In addition, since the heels 61 to 64 are frequently pulled down against the rubber body G by stepping on, the elongation due to the permanent deformation is more likely to occur. The rubber body G has such a severe use condition, so that the rubber body G is easily damaged, becomes stretched by permanent deformation, and easily becomes unusable in a short time. When the rubber body G extends, each of the ridges 61 to 64 falls below the reference level L, and it becomes difficult to form a normal and uniform ridge.

Therefore, the present invention quickly finds that the rubber body G is permanently deformed by using a hand loom and becomes fully extended, and prevents the state where the ridges 61 to 64 are lower than the reference level L early. It is possible. The first embodiment has a structure in which the number of rubber bodies G can be increased. That is, a rubber string or a belt-like rubber body is prepared as the rubber body G. Then, when the rubber body G that is used first begins to be fully extended due to permanent deformation, only the heel lowers below the reference level L composed of the horizontal stopper and the wire 19. Alternatively, only that heel descends from the other ridges, creating a step. If such a state is discovered, a new rubber body g is added to the rubber body G in use before the lowered state further increases, thereby increasing the number of rubber strings and belt-shaped rubber bodies. Increase the elasticity of the whole body and restore it to its original elasticity. As a result, the heel 62 is also pulled up to the original height L by the increased elasticity, so that the level difference is eliminated and a normal ridge is formed. The rubber bodies g to be added may be added one by one or a plurality may be added.

FIG. 3 showing the second embodiment is a side view of a structure in which the attachment position of the rubber body G is increased when the rubber body G is permanently deformed and extended. An adjustment hole plate 18 having a plurality of adjustment holes H in the vertical direction is interposed between the support beam 72 and the rubber body G in FIG. Then, the metal housing 24 at the upper end of the rubber body G is inserted into the hole H at the lower end of the adjustment hole plate 18 and hooked, and the metal fitting 15 attached to the rod support beam 72 is attached to the hole at the upper end of the adjustment hole plate 18. Inserted into H and hooked. Now, as a result of the rubber body G being permanently deformed and stretched, when the heel is lowered from the specified level L, the housing 24 on the rubber body G side is removed from the hole H at the lower end of the adjustment hole plate 18, and the upper one step Into the adjustment hole H. In this way, each time the rubber body G expands, the mounting hole H of the rubber body casing 24 is increased. Of course, the same thing can be said even if the lowered hooks 61 to 64 are pulled up to the reference height L by shifting the mounting hole H of the metal fitting 15 on the support beam 72 side downward.

FIG. 4 showing the third embodiment shows a structure in which the rubber body is raised using spacer means when the rubber body G extends. The four eaves support beams 71 to 74 are fitted and supported in the recesses of the eaves bars 13a and 13b. When the rubber body G extends and the eaves 62 descends, the spacer plate S is attached to the eaves bar 13a. , 13b and the lower surface of the support beam 72, the rubber body G and the collar 62 can be raised together by one step. In this way, when the rubber body G extends again and the flange 62 descends while being used up to the reference position L, it is only necessary to increase the spacer plate S to two or three.

5 which shows 4th Embodiment is AA sectional drawing of FIG. In this structure, a wedge W having a gradually changing thickness is used in place of the spacer S having a constant plate thickness shown in FIG. When the rubber body G extends and the flange 62 descends, the wedge W is inserted from the side. Each time the collar 62 descends, the wedge W is driven in the direction of the arrow, and a thicker portion is interposed between the lower surface of the support beam 72 and the recess. Therefore, the height can be adjusted continuously. Instead of the wedge W whose thickness changes continuously, a step-like wedge whose thickness changes stepwise can also be used. In this case, the recesses of the eaves bars 13a and 13b can be made flat rather than inclined as shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is provided with stoppers 19a and 19b so that the lowering state can be found accurately and quickly when the rubber body G is stretched and the heel is lowered from the reference level L. As shown in FIG. 1, in the case where the pair of eaves 61, 62 and 63, 64 are suspended on the pulleys 71 and 72 of the pulley structure and are alternately raised and lowered, the eave bars 13a and 13b are provided with eaves bars 13a and 13b. Only a load of 61 to 64 acts. However, in the case of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the rubber body G is pulled downward by the steps 81 to 84. In addition, since two or more treads are often stepped on at the same time, a large bending moment acts on the eaves bars 13a and 13b. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the auxiliary struts 20a and 20b are set up in parallel with the central struts 11a and 11b of FIG. 1, and the eave bars 13a and 13b are supported between the upper ends of the auxiliary struts 20a and 11b. It is. As a result, unlike the cantilever bars 13a and 13b having the cantilever structure shown in FIG. 1, even if the rubber body G is pulled downward by the steps 81 to 84, the eave bars 13a and 13b are supported. The strength of is sufficient.

The horizontal stoppers 19a and 19b horizontally provided between the central column 11a and 11b and the auxiliary columns 20a and 20b are provided at positions where both ends of the upper beams R1 of the rods 61 to 64 come into contact with each other. Are set to a certain level L. That is, the horizontal stoppers 19a and 19b extend above both ends of the upper girders R1 of the flanges 61 to 64, and both ends of the upper girders R1 abut against the lower surfaces of the horizontal stoppers 19a and 19b by the pulling force of the rubber body G. ing. Alternatively, a structure may be adopted in which both ends of the upper girders R1 of the flanges 61 to 64 are extended to the outside and are in contact with the lower surfaces of the horizontal stoppers 19a and 19b by the pulling force of the rubber body G.

Now, when the rubber body G is extended by use of the collars 61 to 64, for example, when the collar 62 is lowered from the reference level L, both ends of the upper beam R1 are separated from the lower surfaces of the horizontal stoppers 19a and 19b, and a gap is formed. It turns out that it is time to reinforce the rubber body G. Therefore, when the rubber force is increased by the reinforcing means shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the lowered collar 62 is pulled up by the enhanced rubber body G, and both ends of the upper beam R1 of the collar 62 are the horizontal stoppers 19a and 19b. Since it again comes into contact with the lower surface, each of the ridges 61 to 64 is again aligned with a certain reference height L, and a normal ridge can be formed. It is more effective if the operation of raising the rubber body attachment position in FIGS. 3 to 5 is combined with the addition of the rubber body g in FIG. As described above, when the operation of raising the attachment position of the stretched rubber body is repeated and finally it becomes unusable, it is needless to say that it is completely replaced with a new rubber body.

The horizontal bar-like horizontal stoppers 19a and 19b may be made of wood or, for example, an aluminum square pipe. If it is only necessary to determine whether or not each of the hooks 61 to 64 is aligned with the reference height L, it is sufficient to stretch a wire such as a thread, string, rubber string or the like horizontally. Instead of the upper beam ends, both ends of the lower beam R2 can be brought into contact with the horizontal stoppers and the horizontal wires 19a and 19b.

FIG. 7 is a side view of a scissor winding drive mechanism for winding a warp. A large-diameter gear 21 is attached to one end of the shaft of the shredding 9, and a small-diameter gear 22 that meshes with the large-diameter gear 21 is attached so as to rotate integrally with the ratchet gear 10 for preventing reverse rotation. The crank-shaped operation handle 20 is attached to the small-diameter gear 22 and rotated. Therefore, when the warp is wound around the scissors 9, when the small-diameter gear 22 is rotated by the operation handle 20, the take-up drum, that is, the shredder 9 rotates at a reduced speed via the large-diameter gear 21.

When a thick and heavy thread is used as the warp, it is necessary to wind the shredder 9 with a strong force so as not to loosen. In particular, in the case of a thick thread, the winding diameter of the shredder 9 becomes thick immediately, which makes it difficult to wind. Even when the width of the hand-woven fabric is wide, a large number of warp yarns are used, so that the winding force of the shredder 9 needs to be strengthened so as not to loosen. In the case of the present invention, as described above, since the large-diameter gear 21 on the shredding 9 side is driven to rotate by the small-diameter gear 22, the shredding 9 can be rotated with a lighter force than before, and the burden on the operator is reduced. The Note that the ratchet gear 10 that prevents the reverse rotation by hooking the stopper claw n can be provided on the side of the shredding 9.

As described above, the present invention has a structure that suspends each hook through the rubber body so that each of the hooks 61 to 64 can move up and down independently. The pattern can be woven. Moreover, when the rubber body is permanently deformed and stretched, maintenance is easy and the rubber body can be immediately strengthened. Therefore, the operation of the scissors with the tread is easy and suitable for long-time work. In addition, since the large-diameter gear and the small-diameter gear are used in combination, it is easy to perform a cutting operation.

It is a perspective view of the conventional hand loom. It is a side view which shows the rubber body support structure of the hand loom by this invention. It is a side view of embodiment which makes the attachment position of a rubber body high. This is an embodiment in which the rubber body is raised using the spacer means. FIG. 5 is an AA cross-sectional view of FIG. 4 in an embodiment using a wedge as the spacer means. It is embodiment which provided the horizontal stopper and the wire, and is a principal part side view of a hand loom. It is a side view of a winding drive mechanism for winding a warp.

Explanation of symbols

61-64 綜 絖
71-74 綜 絖 Support beam
81-84 Tread 9 Scissor 10 Ratchet gear 13a, 13b Eave bar G Rubber body g Additional rubber body R1 Top girder R2 Bottom girder h Thread hole 18 Height adjusting hole plate H Adjusting hole S Spacer W Wedge 19a 19b Horizontal stopper or wire 20a / 20b Auxiliary support 21 Large diameter gear 22 Small diameter gear

Claims (6)

A hand loom using a rubber body having a desired elasticity as an elastic means in a structure in which each ridge operated by a tread is suspended through elastic means. When one or more string-like or belt-like rubber bodies are used as the rubber body, and the rubber body is permanently deformed and stretched, the number of the string-like or belt-like rubber bodies is increased. The hand loom according to claim 1, characterized in that 3. The hand loom according to claim 1, wherein when the rubber body is permanently deformed and stretched, the rubber body is attached to a higher height. 4. 3. The structure according to claim 1, wherein when the rubber body is permanently deformed and extended, spacers such as wedge means are used to increase the height of the entire rubber body. Or the hand loom according to claim 3. A horizontal stopper or a reference wire for preventing the upper and lower girders of each bar from rising above a certain level so that the height of each bar is constant is provided. The hand loom according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. A structure according to claim 1, wherein a large-diameter gear interlocked with a shredder for winding warp and a small-diameter operation gear mesh with each other, and the small-diameter gear is driven to rotate by a crank or the like. The hand loom according to any one of the preceding sections.