JP3130997B2 - Hollow fiber membrane module - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hollow fiber membrane module and, more particularly, to a hollow fiber membrane module suitable for filtering a highly turbid (particularly organic turbid) liquid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, hollow fiber membrane modules have been constructed using sterile water,
It has been widely used in the field of so-called microfiltration, such as the production of drinking water and high-purity water, and the purification of air. Various studies have been made for use in water treatment applications.

[0003] However, the hollow fiber membrane modules used in these fields are also of a cylindrical type in which hollow fiber membranes converged and arranged in a circular shape or concentric circles used in the field of conventional microfiltration. Was the most.
Even if improvements are made, there are many that only change the filling rate or filling form of the hollow fiber membrane.

[0004]

However, when such a conventional hollow fiber membrane module is used to filter high-polluting water (for example, SS ≧ 50 ppm, TOC ≧ 100 ppm), it is difficult to use the filter. The hollow fiber membranes are fixed (adhered) to each other through deposits such as organic substances attached to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, thereby reducing the effective membrane area of the hollow fiber membrane in the module. A sharp decrease in the filtration flow rate was observed. In particular, this phenomenon was remarkable in the hollow fiber membrane at the center of the cylindrical module, and was more remarkable in a larger module.

[0005] In addition, even when the hollow fiber membrane module in which the hollow fiber membranes are fixed and integrated as described above is periodically cleaned and backwashed, the function of the module once fixed and integrated can be easily recovered. Instead, the cleaning efficiency was reduced.

An object of the present invention is to provide a hollow fiber membrane in a module which is difficult to be fixed and integrated even when used for filtration of highly polluted water, and that the filtration function which has been reduced by use is easily and efficiently recovered. An object of the present invention is to provide a hollow fiber membrane module that can be implemented well.

[0007]

That is, the present invention provides a U
The hollow fiber membrane converged in the shape of a letter is fixed with a fixing member while the end of the hollow fiber membrane is kept open, and the top of the U-shape is movable, and the filtering function reduced by use is recovered by the filtering function recovery means. The hollow fiber membrane module used in the above, wherein the shape of the cross section perpendicular to the hollow fiber membrane of the fixing member is elongated and almost rectangular, and the length of the long side is 100 to 2000 m.
m, wherein the length of the short side is 30 mm or less .

[0008]

Hereinafter, the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view thereof. The hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention basically includes a housing 1
, A fixing member 2 and a hollow fiber membrane 3.

The housing 1 functions as a member for supporting the entire hollow fiber membrane module, and has an elongated, substantially rectangular opening. Any material may be used as long as it has mechanical strength and durability. For example, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polypropylene, acrylic resin, ABS
Resin, modified PPE resin and the like are exemplified. If incineration is required after use, it is preferable to use a hydrocarbon resin that can be completely burned without emitting toxic gas by combustion.

The opening of the housing 1 is required to have a shape in which the cross section perpendicular to the hollow fiber membrane of the fixing member filled and fixed with the hollow fiber membrane therein is elongated and substantially rectangular. The length of the short side of this rectangle is preferably 30 mm or less, particularly preferably 15 mm or less. As described above, by developing the arrangement mode of the hollow fiber membranes as a flat sheet, the entire hollow fiber membrane bundle is fixedly integrated into one rod shape, and the effective membrane area of the hollow fiber membrane rapidly decreases. Can be prevented. Even if the hollow fiber membranes are fixed to each other, the thickness of the fixing portion of the hollow fiber membrane is small, and the fixing state can be easily recovered because the hollow fiber membrane is provided in a sheet shape . The length of the long side of the rectangle is too short and the number of hollow fiber membranes which can be arranged in one of the hollow fiber membrane module is not preferable because the reduction, whereas too long and undesirable because production becomes difficult. The length of the long side is about 100 to 2000 mm.
By increasing the length of the long side in this way, the hollow fiber
Since the membrane is a module spread in a sheet, wastewater
Adhesion between hollow fiber membranes due to pollutants in the hardly occurs
The surface of the hollow fiber membrane is cleaned
The contaminated substances that have arrived can be easily washed.

The fixing member 2 is filled and fixed in the opening of the housing 1, and collectively fixes each end of the large number of U-shaped hollow fiber membranes 3 while maintaining the open state. Functions as a filtration membrane in order to function as a filtration membrane. Fixing member 2
Is usually formed by curing a liquid resin such as an epoxy resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, or polyurethane.

As the hollow fiber membrane 3, various materials can be used. For example, those made of various materials such as cellulose, polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol, PMMA, and polysulfone can be used. However, in consideration of the ease of processing into a knitted fabric, a material having a high strength and elongation such as polyethylene is preferable. The pore diameter, porosity, film thickness, outer diameter and the like are not particularly limited as long as they can be used as a filtration membrane.

In order to store the hollow fiber membrane 3 in the elongated, substantially rectangular opening of the housing 1, it is necessary to use a laminate in which several knitted fabrics are formed by using the hollow fiber membrane as, for example, warps. It is suitable. In the case of the conventional cylindrical module, there was no difficulty in storing the hollow fiber membranes that had been skeined and bundled in the cylindrical housing. However, it is difficult to store the skeined hollow fiber membrane in the elongated rectangular opening,
The knitted fabric can be easily stored. When laminating knitted fabrics of hollow fiber membranes, hollow fiber membrane knitted fabrics having different performances can be used. For example, when a hollow fiber membrane module is produced by sandwiching a knitted fabric of a hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane with a knitted fabric of a hollow fiber membrane subjected to hydrophilic treatment and sandwiching the knitted fabric, a hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane layer is formed. Can be used as a means for supplying bubbles during backwashing.

Instead of using a knitted fabric in which several knitted fabrics are laminated, a folded knitted fabric in which a knitted fabric of a hollow fiber membrane is elongated and folded in a zigzag shape (arranged in a meandering shape) may be used. By employing this storage method, it is possible to prevent uneven placement of the hollow fiber membrane in the fixing member when the filling density of the hollow fiber membrane is relatively low.

In the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention,
It is preferable that the U-shaped hollow fiber membrane is configured as an aggregate of small bundles of the hollow fiber membrane. Here, the small bundle means a collection of hollow fiber membranes satisfying the following conditions. That is, the hollow fiber membrane included in one small bundle is in a state where both fixing portions corresponding to the base of the U-shape are close to each other in the fixing member (preferably within 1 cm ² ).
And can be easily bundled (aligned) with the hollow fiber membranes belonging to the same small bundle, but other hollow fiber membranes in the vicinity of the hollow fiber membranes belonging to the other small bundles It is difficult to focus and get in the way. More specifically, when only the hollow fiber membrane wound and converged on one skein is housed in one housing and fixed, all the hollow fiber membranes in the module are contained in the same bundle. Will be. On the other hand, for example, when a hollow fiber membrane knitted using ten plied hollow fiber membranes as wefts is housed and fixed in a housing, the entirety of the previously woven hollow fiber membrane is reduced to one. One bundle is constituted, and the number of hollow fiber membranes included in one bundle is ten.

Therefore, when the U-shaped hollow fiber membrane is configured as an aggregate of small bundles of hollow fiber membranes, the hollow fiber membranes are bundled for each small bundle and this is bundled with another small bundle. Since the hollow fiber membrane module can be easily separated from the body, forced uniform dispersion and fixation of the hollow fiber membrane can be easily performed when using the hollow fiber membrane module. The number of hollow fiber membranes included in one of the small bundles depends on the thickness of the hollow fiber membrane, but is preferably 100 or less, more preferably 50 or less.

The method for producing the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention is not particularly limited, but the following method is preferred. First, a knitted fabric using a hollow fiber membrane as a weft as shown in FIG. 3 is prepared. The specific method is described in, for example, JP-A-62-57965,
It is disclosed in 266258. Several sheets obtained by cutting the sheet-shaped knitted fabric into appropriate lengths are laminated. Here, the term “lamination of knitted fabric” also includes a fabric obtained by folding and knitting a knitted fabric to an appropriate length without cutting it. The number of layers (folding) of the knitted fabric varies depending on the thickness of the knitted fabric, that is, the thickness of the hollow fiber membrane and the number of hollow fiber membranes when knitting the knitted fabric. It is preferable that the fixing member be configured so as to satisfy the limitation on the length of the short side of the rectangular cross section of the fixing member. One side of this knitted laminate is housed in a housing having an elongated, substantially rectangular opening, and the housing is hardened and fixed with a liquid resin (hereinafter referred to as potting). Cut the cured resin so that it appears. As described above, a folded knitted fabric obtained by folding a knitted fabric using a hollow fiber membrane into a weft yarn in a zigzag shape may be formed, and one side of the folded knitted fabric may be stored in the opening of the housing.

In the production of the hollow fiber membrane module, a method utilizing centrifugal force is generally employed as a method of filling the liquid resin without gaps between the hollow fiber membranes. However, when a hollow fiber membrane is potted in a housing having an elongated rectangular opening, a large and special shape such as a bucket used for centrifugal potting is required. Therefore, it is preferable to use potting using a vibration method described below, which is less affected by the size and shape of the housing. That is,
The knitted fabric of the hollow fiber membrane is housed in a housing, which is filled with a liquid resin. At that time, as in the case of the conventional method for manufacturing a hollow fiber membrane module, it is necessary to seal the end of the hollow fiber membrane bundle and perform processing after the liquid resin does not enter the hollow part of the hollow fiber membrane. Needless to say. Liquid resin is 1000
Those having a viscosity of about 2500 centipoise are optimal. While the liquid resin has fluidity, mechanical vibration is applied to the housing containing the hollow fiber membrane bundle and the liquid resin to uniformly fill the resin. The frequency is 500 ~
Although about 12000 cycles are appropriate, vibration in the ultrasonic region may be applied. Details of the potting by the vibration method are disclosed in JP-A-3-114515. By using this potting method, the liquid resin is uniformly dispersed in the housing, and peeling between the hollow fiber membrane and the cured resin (fixing member) and leakage of the filtration fluid at the fixing member are prevented. The cutting of the end face after the liquid resin has hardened (the formation of the open end of the hollow fiber membrane) and the like can be performed according to a general hollow fiber membrane module processing method.

In the use of the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention, a so-called pressure filtration method in which the module is disposed in a closed vessel and the water to be treated is pressurized to allow the hollow fiber membrane to permeate can be employed. It is preferable to dispose a hollow fiber membrane module in a tank or a settling tank or the like, and to use the module by a suction filtration method in which a side for collecting treated water permeated through the hollow fiber membrane is suctioned. In particular, by adopting a so-called intermittent suction operation method in which temporary suction is periodically stopped, it is possible to efficiently prevent the membrane surface deposits from entering the inside of the membrane surface, and to recover the function of the hollow fiber membrane module. Processing frequency can be reduced.

It is preferable that the flow of the water to be treated in the suction filtration method is made to flow substantially perpendicularly to the direction in which the hollow fiber membrane is provided, so that the effect of cleaning the membrane surface of the hollow fiber membrane is improved.

[0022]

Further, as one preferable method of using the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention, there is a method of arranging this module on a rotating body and performing filtration while rotating the module. As a method of attaching the module to the rotating body, the module housing is arranged so as to extend radially in the horizontal direction around the rotating body, and the hollow fiber membrane is hung downward from each housing, or is arranged vertically. There is a mode in which housings of a plurality of modules are arranged so as to be oriented in the vertical direction with the provided rotating body as an axis, and the hollow fiber membranes extend radially in the horizontal direction from each of the modules.

The hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention is particularly suitable for filtration of highly polluted water. Specific application fields include filtration of river water, filtration of industrial water, solid-liquid separation of sewage, and wastewater treatment ( For example, treatment in a combined septic tank).

As a method of restoring the function of the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention, a backwashing method can be easily carried out similarly to the case of a normal module, but the membrane surface is physically removed using a sponge ball or the like. The method of cleaning and the method of using ultrasonic waves can be efficiently implemented due to the physical form of the module.

[0026]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

Example 1 Four layers of knitted fabric using eight polyethylene porous hollow fiber membranes (EHF270T: trade name, inner diameter 270 μm, outer diameter 380 μm, manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) as warp yarns were laminated. The laminated body thus obtained was housed in a housing having an opening of 10 mm × 300 mm, and the housing was cured and fixed with a urethane resin by a vibration potting method to produce a hollow fiber membrane module having a structure as shown in FIG. The length of one hollow fiber membrane forming a loop was 760 mm, and the effective filtration area was 5 m ² .

Using this module, the wastewater treatment in the flow shown in FIG. 4 was performed. The hollow fiber membrane module was operated under the conditions of a suction pressure of 0.2 kg / cm ² and a suction cycle (suction for 9 minutes, stop for 1 minute). The explosive tank capacity was 800 liters, and the TOC volume load was 0.2 kg / m ^3.
-The day and MLSS were about 5000 ppm.

FIG. 5 shows the measurement results of the filtration flow rate of the hollow fiber membrane module when the wastewater treatment was performed for 30 days.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 Using a polyethylene porous hollow fiber membrane (EHF270T: trade name, inner diameter 270 μm, outer diameter 380 μm, manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.), the ends were solidified with urethane resin to obtain a structure as shown in FIG. A cylindrical module was manufactured. The length of one hollow fiber membrane forming a loop was 760 mm, and the effective filtration area was 5 m ² .

Drainage treatment was performed in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that this cylindrical module was used. FIG. 7 shows the measurement results of the filtration flow rate of the hollow fiber membrane module.

As is apparent from a comparison between FIG . 5 and FIG. 7 , the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention has a higher flow rate and longer life in filtering highly polluted water than the cylindrical module.

[0033]

According to the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention, since more hollow fiber membranes are in direct contact with the water to be treated, the accumulation of organic substances between the hollow fiber membranes is suppressed, and the solidification between the hollow fiber membranes is achieved. In particular, high filtration efficiency can be maintained over a long period of time in filtration of highly polluted water. In addition, the filtration function recovery processing by washing can be efficiently performed.

[0034]

[0035]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the module of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a hollow fiber membrane knitted fabric suitable for use in manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a wastewater treatment flow when the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention is used for wastewater treatment.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a measurement result of a filtration flow rate of a hollow fiber membrane module when the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention is used for wastewater treatment.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a conventional cylindrical hollow fiber membrane module used in Comparative Example 1.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a measurement result of a filtration flow rate of the hollow fiber membrane module in Comparative Example 1.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 housing 2 fixing member 3 hollow fiber membrane

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Akira Hoshide 2-3-1, Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-50-131875 (JP, A) 4-193330 (JP, A) JP-A-4-180821 (JP, A) JP-A-54-5875 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B01D 63/00 -63/04

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A hollow fiber membrane converged in a U-shape is fixed by a fixing member while its end is kept open, and the U-shaped top is made movable. A hollow fiber membrane module used by being recovered by a function recovery means, wherein a cross section perpendicular to the hollow fiber membrane of the fixing member is elongated and substantially rectangular, and the length of the long side is 10 mm.
A hollow fiber membrane module having a length of 0 to 2000 mm and a shorter side of 30 mm or less .