JP3128044B2 - Ceramic composite materials - Google Patents

Ceramic composite materials

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Publication number
JP3128044B2
JP3128044B2 JP06240792A JP24079294A JP3128044B2 JP 3128044 B2 JP3128044 B2 JP 3128044B2 JP 06240792 A JP06240792 A JP 06240792A JP 24079294 A JP24079294 A JP 24079294A JP 3128044 B2 JP3128044 B2 JP 3128044B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
composite material
ceramic composite
degrees
polycrystalline
plane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP06240792A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0881257A (en
Inventor
芳春 和久
英樹 大坪
泰彦 神徳
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Ube Corp
Original Assignee
Ube Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP06240792A priority Critical patent/JP3128044B2/en
Publication of JPH0881257A publication Critical patent/JPH0881257A/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は室温から高温までの広い
範囲にわたって機械的強度が大きくかつ耐クリ−プ特性
が良好であり、さらに耐酸化性が優れており、高温に曝
される構造材料として好適に使用することのできる、セ
ラミックス複合材料に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structural material which has high mechanical strength and good creep resistance over a wide range from room temperature to high temperature, has excellent oxidation resistance, and is exposed to high temperatures. The present invention relates to a ceramic composite material that can be suitably used as a ceramic composite.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】高温下で用いられるセラミックス材料と
してSiCあるいはSi3 4 が期待され、その実用化
が研究されてきたが、これらの材料は高温特性が充分で
はなく、実用化する上で問題となっている。その代替材
料としてSEP社の化学気相含浸法によるSiC/Si
C複合材料が脚光を浴び、現在では世界最高の高温材料
と考えられており、その研究開発が進められているが、
その使用温度範囲は1400℃以下とされている。
2. Description of the Related Art SiC or Si 3 N 4 is expected as a ceramic material used at high temperatures, and its practical use has been studied. However, these materials do not have sufficient high-temperature characteristics and have problems in practical use. It has become. As an alternative material, SiC / Si by chemical vapor impregnation of SEP
C-composite material is in the spotlight and is currently considered to be the world's best high-temperature material.
The operating temperature range is set to 1400 ° C. or less.

【0003】Journal of the American Ceramics Soci
ety 76巻1号29〜32ペ−ジ(1993年)には、
Al2 3 −Y3 Al5 12共晶で示されるアルミナと
イットリア・アルミナ・ガ−ネット(以下において「Y
AG」ということがある。)とからなる複合体が開示さ
れている。さらに、この文献には、上記複合体の製法と
して、Al2 3 とY2 3 との混合粉末を溶融し、つ
いでルツボ内で一方向に溶解凝固する方法が開示されて
いる。
[0003] Journal of the American Ceramics Soci
ety Vol. 76 No. 1 pp. 29-32 (1993)
Alumina represented by eutectic Al 2 O 3 —Y 3 Al 5 O 12 and yttria alumina garnet (hereinafter referred to as “Y
AG ". ) Is disclosed. Further, this document discloses a method for producing the above composite, in which a mixed powder of Al 2 O 3 and Y 2 O 3 is melted, and then melted and solidified in one direction in a crucible.

【0004】上記文献29ペ−ジ右欄9〜10行の記載
及び同ペ−ジ図1及び図2から、上記複合体は、多結晶
からなり、粒界相を有していることがわかる。換言する
と、この複合体はコロニ−の集合体から構成されてい
る。このことは、例えば、上記文献30ペ−ジ左欄最終
行〜同右欄1行の「破壊は通常Al2 3 −YAG界面
に沿って走る亀裂を有するコロニ−境界に沿っており」
との記載からも裏付けられる。そして、このコロニ−境
界が上記文献30ペ−ジの図2中において他の部分に比
較して組織が大きくなっている部分で示されている。
From the description on page 29, right column, lines 9 to 10 of the document and FIGS. 1 and 2, it can be seen that the composite is composed of polycrystal and has a grain boundary phase. . In other words, this complex is composed of an aggregate of colonies. This can, for example, the document 30 Paix - "- is along the boundary colonies with destruction running along the usual Al 2 O 3-YAG surface crack" di left column, last line - the same right column, line 1
This is supported by the description. This colony boundary is shown in FIG. 2 on page 30 of the above-mentioned document where the tissue is larger than the other parts.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記文献に開示されて
いる複合材料は、例えば図4に示されるように、歪み速
度と一定にした場合の応力は1530℃及び1650℃
でサファイア繊維のそれとほぼ同程度である。さらに、
本発明者の実験によると、上記文献に記載の複合体は、
複合体内部に気泡あるいはボイドを含有しており、高温
において機械的強度が急激に低下することが認められ
た。
As shown in FIG. 4, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the strain rate is constant and the stress is constant at 1530 ° C. and 1650 ° C.
About the same as that of sapphire fiber. further,
According to the experiments of the present inventors, the complex described in the above-mentioned literature is:
It was confirmed that the composite contained bubbles or voids, and the mechanical strength was rapidly reduced at high temperatures.

【0006】本発明の目的は、多結晶α−Al2 3
多結晶YAGとからなり、室温から高温にわたって優れ
た機械的強度及びクリ−プ特性を有し、特に高温におけ
るこれら特性が飛躍的に改善されたセラミックス複合材
料を提供することにある。
An object of the present invention is composed of a polycrystalline α-Al 2 O 3 and polycrystal YAG, excellent mechanical strength and chestnut over hot from room - has up properties, in particular those characteristics at elevated temperatures dramatically An object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic composite material that has been improved in terms of quality.

【0007】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の上記目的は、多
結晶α−Al2 3 と多結晶Y3 Al5 12とからな
り、コロニ−が存在せず、大気中1500℃での三点曲
げ強度が500MPa以上であるセラミックス複合材料
によって達成される。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a polycrystalline α-Al 2 O 3 and a polycrystalline Y 3 Al 5 O 12 which are free of colonies and which are used at 1500 ° C. in the atmosphere. Achieved by a ceramic composite material having a three-point bending strength of 500 MPa or more.

【0008】以下に本発明のセラミックス複合材料を詳
細に説明する。
Hereinafter, the ceramic composite material of the present invention will be described in detail.

【0009】図1は後述する実施例1で得られたセラミ
ックス複合材料の凝固方向に対して直角な面からのX線
回折を示す図である。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing X-ray diffraction from a plane perpendicular to the solidification direction of the ceramic composite material obtained in Example 1 described later.

【0010】図1にはYAGの(211)面、(32
1)面、(400)面、(420)面、(422)面、
(431)面、(521)面、(532)面、(63
1)面、(640)面、(721)面、(651)面及
び(752)面からの回折に相当する2θ=18.1
度、27.8度、29.78度、33.26度、36.
63度、38.22度、41.18度、46.62度、
51.6度、55.28度、56.26度、60.7度
及び69.06度のピ−クが観察される。
FIG. 1 shows the (211) plane of YAG and the (32) plane of YAG.
1) plane, (400) plane, (420) plane, (422) plane,
(431) plane, (521) plane, (532) plane, (63) plane
2θ = 18.1 corresponding to diffraction from the 1), (640), (721), (651), and (752) planes
Degrees, 27.8 degrees, 29.78 degrees, 33.26 degrees, 36.
63 degrees, 38.22 degrees, 41.18 degrees, 46.62 degrees,
Peaks of 51.6 degrees, 55.28 degrees, 56.26 degrees, 60.7 degrees and 69.06 degrees are observed.

【0011】さらに、図1には、Al2 3 の(01
2)面、(110)面、(024)面及び(211)面
からの回折に相当する2θ=26.62度、37.78
度、52.7度及び59.78度のピ−クが観察され
る。このことから、本発明のセラミックス複合材料は多
結晶α−Al2 3 と多結晶YAGとから構成されてい
ることがわかる。
Further, FIG. 1 shows that (01) of Al 2 O 3
2θ = 26.62 degrees, 37.78 corresponding to diffraction from the (2), (110), (024), and (211) planes
Degrees, 52.7 degrees and 59.78 degrees peaks are observed. This indicates that the ceramic composite material of the present invention is composed of polycrystalline α-Al 2 O 3 and polycrystalline YAG.

【0012】図2は後述する実施例1で得られたセラミ
ックス複合材料の光学顕微鏡写真であり、前記した公知
文献の図1及び図2に見られるような、コロニ−、粒界
相あるいは粗大粒子は観察されない。なお、コロニ−と
は粗大粒子で特徴付けられる粒界で囲まれた領域を意味
する。
FIG. 2 is an optical micrograph of the ceramic composite material obtained in Example 1 to be described later. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the above-mentioned known literature, a colony, a grain boundary phase or a coarse particle is shown. Is not observed. The colony means a region surrounded by grain boundaries characterized by coarse particles.

【0013】他方、図3は後述する比較例1で得られた
複合材料の光学顕微鏡写真であり、この複合材料は前記
した公知文献の図1及び図2に示されているようなコロ
ニ−、粒界相あるいは粗大粒子を有していることがわか
る。
On the other hand, FIG. 3 is an optical micrograph of the composite material obtained in Comparative Example 1 to be described later. This composite material has a colony as shown in FIGS. It turns out that it has a grain boundary phase or coarse particles.

【0014】本発明のセラミックス複合材料は、多結晶
α−Al2 3 と多結晶YAGとが微細なレベルで均質
に海島構造を形成しており、多結晶α−Al2 3 が海
を、多結晶YAGが島を、それぞれ、形成している。海
島の大きさは凝固条件を変更することによって制御が可
能であるが、一般には1〜50μmである。
In the ceramic composite material of the present invention, the polycrystalline α-Al 2 O 3 and the polycrystalline YAG form a sea-island structure uniformly at a fine level, and the polycrystalline α-Al 2 O 3 forms the sea. , Polycrystalline YAG form islands, respectively. The size of the sea-island can be controlled by changing the coagulation conditions, but is generally 1 to 50 μm.

【0015】Al2 3 とYAGとは、Al2 3 55
容積%、YAG45容積%で共晶を形成するが、本発明
のセラミックス複合材料においては、原料粉末のAl2
3及びYAG粉末の配合割合を変えることにより、多
結晶α−Al2 3 約20〜80容積%、多結晶YAG
約80〜20容積%の範囲内でその分率を変化させるこ
とができる。
Al 2 O 3 and YAG are Al 2 O 3 55
Volume%, forms a eutectic with YAG45 volume%, in the ceramic composite material of the present invention, the raw material powder Al 2
By changing the mixing ratio of O 3 and YAG powder, about 20 to 80% by volume of polycrystalline α-Al 2 O 3
The fraction can vary within the range of about 80 to 20% by volume.

【0016】本発明のセラミックス複合材料は、例えば
以下の方法によって調製することができる。最初にα−
Al2 3 粉末及びY2 3 粉末を、所望する成分比率
のセラミックス複合材料を生成する割合で混合して、混
合粉末を調製する。混合方法については特別の制限はな
く、乾式混合法及び湿式混合法のいずれも採用すること
ができる。湿式混合法を用いる際の媒体としては、メタ
ノ−ル、エタノ−ルのようなアルコ−ルが一般に使用さ
れる。ついで、この混合粉末を公知の溶解炉、例えばア
−ク溶解炉を用いて、両原料が溶解する温度、例えば1
800〜2500℃に加熱して溶解する。
The ceramic composite material of the present invention can be prepared, for example, by the following method. First α-
The Al 2 O 3 powder and the Y 2 O 3 powder are mixed at a ratio that produces a ceramic composite material having a desired component ratio to prepare a mixed powder. There is no particular limitation on the mixing method, and any of a dry mixing method and a wet mixing method can be employed. As a medium for using the wet mixing method, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol are generally used. Then, the mixed powder is melted in a known melting furnace, for example, an arc melting furnace, at a temperature at which both raw materials are melted, for example, at 1 °
Heat to 800 to 2500 ° C to dissolve.

【0017】引き続き、上記の溶解物をそのままルツボ
に仕込み一方向に凝固させて、本発明のセラミックス複
合材料を調製する。別の方法として、上記の溶解物を一
旦凝固させた後に粉砕し、粉砕物をルツボに仕込み、つ
いで溶解させて一方向に凝固させる方法も採用すること
ができる。
Subsequently, the above-mentioned melt is charged into a crucible as it is and solidified in one direction to prepare a ceramic composite material of the present invention. As another method, a method in which the above-mentioned melt is once solidified and then pulverized, the pulverized material is charged in a crucible, and then dissolved and solidified in one direction can be adopted.

【0018】溶解凝固の際の雰囲気圧力は、通常10-3
torr以下である。また、一方向に凝固させるときのルツ
ボの移動速度、換言するとセラミックス複合材料の成長
速度は通常200mm/時間より大きくかつ1000mm/
時間以下である。雰囲気圧力及び移動速度以外の調製条
件ははそれ自体公知の方法の条件と同様である。
Atmospheric pressure during melting and solidification is usually 10 −3.
It is less than torr. Further, the moving speed of the crucible when solidifying in one direction, in other words, the growth speed of the ceramic composite material is usually larger than 200 mm / hour and 1000 mm / hour.
Less than an hour. The preparation conditions other than the atmospheric pressure and the moving speed are the same as those of the method known per se.

【0019】溶解凝固の際の雰囲気圧力が条件範囲外に
なると、コロニ−が生成し、かつボイドがコロニ−界面
に生成しやすくなり、機械的強度及びクリ−プ特性の優
れた複合材料を得ることが困難になる。
If the atmospheric pressure during the melt-solidification is out of the range, colonies are formed and voids are easily formed at the colony interface, and a composite material having excellent mechanical strength and creep characteristics is obtained. It becomes difficult.

【0020】一方向凝固させる装置としては、垂直方向
に設置された円筒状の容器内にルツボが上下方向に移動
可能に収納されており、円筒状容器の略中央部外側に加
熱用の誘導コイルが取り付けられており、容器内空間を
減圧にするための真空ポンプが設置されている、それ自
体公知の装置を使用することができる。
As an apparatus for one-way solidification, a crucible is housed in a vertically disposed cylindrical container so as to be movable in a vertical direction, and an induction coil for heating is provided outside a substantially central portion of the cylindrical container. And a device known per se in which a vacuum pump for reducing the pressure in the container is installed can be used.

【0021】[0021]

【実施例】以下に実施例及び比較例を示す。EXAMPLES Examples and comparative examples are shown below.

【0022】実施例1 α−Al2 3 粉末(住友化学工業製、商品名AKP−
30)及びY2 3 粉末(信越化学工業製、微粉タイ
プ)を、前者対後者のモル比が82%対18%になる割
合で、エタノ−ルを用いて湿式ボ−ルミルによって混合
し、得られたスラリからロ−タリエバポレイタを用いて
エタノ−ルを除去した。
Example 1 α-Al 2 O 3 powder (AKP-, trade name, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
30) and Y 2 O 3 powder (fine powder type, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) were mixed by a wet ball mill using ethanol at a ratio of the former to the latter being 82% to 18%, Ethanol was removed from the obtained slurry using a rotary evaporator.

【0023】こうして得られたα−Al2 3 及びY2
3 からなる混合粉末をチャンバ−内に設置されたルツ
ボに仕込み、10-5torrの雰囲気圧力に維持して、高周
波コイルを用いてルツボを1850〜1900℃に加熱
して、金型内の混合粉末を溶解した。つぎに、上記と同
一の雰囲気圧力下にルツボを220mm/時間の速度で降
下させ一方向凝固させて、セラミックス複合材料を得
た。
The thus obtained α-Al 2 O 3 and Y 2
The mixed powder composed of O 3 is charged into a crucible installed in a chamber, and the crucible is heated to 1850 to 1900 ° C. using a high-frequency coil while maintaining the atmospheric pressure at 10 −5 torr, and The mixed powder was dissolved. Next, the crucible was lowered at a speed of 220 mm / hour under the same atmospheric pressure as described above and was unidirectionally solidified to obtain a ceramic composite material.

【0024】この複合材料の凝固方向に垂直な面からの
X線回折図を図1に示す。図1には多結晶YAGと多結
晶α−Al2 3 の回折ピ−クが観察され、上記複合材
料が多結晶から構成されていることがわかる。
FIG. 1 shows an X-ray diffraction diagram of the composite material taken from a plane perpendicular to the solidification direction. FIG. 1 shows diffraction peaks of polycrystalline YAG and polycrystalline α-Al 2 O 3 , indicating that the composite material is composed of polycrystalline.

【0025】また、この複合材料の光学顕微鏡写真を図
2に示す。図2から、この複合材料はコロニ−あるいは
粒界相を有しておらず、さらに気泡又はボイドが存在し
ない均一な海島構造を取っていることがわかる。
FIG. 2 shows an optical microscope photograph of this composite material. From FIG. 2, it can be seen that this composite material has no colony or grain boundary phase, and has a uniform sea-island structure without bubbles or voids.

【0026】この複合材料の機械的強度を表1に示す。
表1において、三点曲げ強度及び圧縮クリ−プ特性はい
ずれも大気中で測定した値である。また、この複合材料
を1700℃の大気中に100時間保持した後の重量増
は0.004mg/cm3 であった。
Table 1 shows the mechanical strength of this composite material.
In Table 1, the three-point bending strength and the compression creep property are values measured in the air. Further, the weight increase after keeping the composite material in the air at 1700 ° C. for 100 hours was 0.004 mg / cm 3 .

【0027】実施例2 チャンバ−内の雰囲気圧力及びルツボの降下速度を、そ
れぞれ、10-3torr及び300mm/時間に変えた以外は
実施例1を繰り返して、セラミックス複合材料を得た。
この複合材料の凝固方向に垂直な面からのX線回折図は
図1と同じであり、上記複合材料が多結晶から構成され
ていることが判明した。
Example 2 A ceramic composite material was obtained by repeating Example 1 except that the atmosphere pressure in the chamber and the crucible lowering speed were changed to 10 -3 torr and 300 mm / hour, respectively.
The X-ray diffraction pattern from a plane perpendicular to the solidification direction of this composite material was the same as that in FIG. 1, and it was found that the composite material was composed of polycrystal.

【0028】また、この複合材料の光学顕微鏡写真か
ら、この複合材料はコロニ−あるいは粒界相を有してお
らず、さらに気泡又はボイドが存在しない均一な海島構
造をとっていることが観察された。
From an optical micrograph of this composite material, it was observed that this composite material had no colony or grain boundary phase and had a uniform sea-island structure free of bubbles or voids. Was.

【0029】この複合材料の機械的特性を表1に示す。
また、この複合材料を1700℃の大気中に100時間
保持した後の重量増は0.005mg/cm3 であった。
Table 1 shows the mechanical properties of this composite material.
Further, the weight increase after keeping the composite material in the air at 1700 ° C. for 100 hours was 0.005 mg / cm 3 .

【0030】比較例1 チャンバ−内の圧力を常圧にした以外は実施例1を繰り
返して、セラミックス複合材料を調製した。得られた複
合材料の光学顕微鏡写真を図3に示す。
Comparative Example 1 A ceramic composite material was prepared by repeating Example 1 except that the pressure in the chamber was changed to normal pressure. An optical microscope photograph of the obtained composite material is shown in FIG.

【0031】図3から、この複合材料はコロニ−又は粒
界相、並びに気泡を有していることがわかる。この複合
材料の機械的特性を表1に示す。また、この複合材料を
1700℃の大気中に100時間保持した後の重量増は
0.02mg/cm3 であった。
FIG. 3 shows that the composite material has a colony or grain boundary phase and bubbles. Table 1 shows the mechanical properties of this composite material. Further, the weight increase after keeping the composite material in the atmosphere at 1700 ° C. for 100 hours was 0.02 mg / cm 3 .

【0032】[0032]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】図1は実施例1で得られた複合材料のX線回折
図である。
FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of the composite material obtained in Example 1.

【図2】図2は実施例1で得られた複合材料の粒子構造
を示す図面に代える光学顕微鏡写真である。
FIG. 2 is an optical microscope photograph instead of a drawing showing the particle structure of the composite material obtained in Example 1.

【図3】図3は比較例1で得られた複合材料の粒子構造
を示す図面に代える光学顕微鏡写真である。
FIG. 3 is an optical microscope photograph instead of a drawing showing the particle structure of the composite material obtained in Comparative Example 1.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) C04B 35/60 C04B 35/10 C30B 29/20 - 29/28 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C04B 35/60 C04B 35/10 C30B 29/20-29/28

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】多結晶α−Al2 3 と多結晶Y3 Al5
12とからなり、コロニ−が存在せず、大気中1500
℃での三点曲げ強度が500MPa以上であることを特
徴とするセラミックス複合材料。
A polycrystalline α-Al 2 O 3 and a polycrystalline Y 3 Al 5
O 12 , no colonies, 1500 in air
A ceramic composite material having a three-point bending strength at 500C of 500 MPa or more.
JP06240792A 1993-11-12 1994-09-09 Ceramic composite materials Expired - Fee Related JP3128044B2 (en)

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JP31724293 1993-11-12
JP19347194 1994-07-15
JP6-193471 1994-07-15
JP5-317242 1994-07-15
JP06240792A JP3128044B2 (en) 1993-11-12 1994-09-09 Ceramic composite materials

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JP3128044B2 true JP3128044B2 (en) 2001-01-29

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CN1211312C (en) * 1996-07-01 2005-07-20 宇部兴产株式会社 Ceramic composite material and porous ceramic material
CN1738781A (en) 2003-01-20 2006-02-22 宇部兴产株式会社 Ceramic composite material for optical conversion and use thereof
JP4420021B2 (en) 2004-06-24 2010-02-24 宇部興産株式会社 White light emitting diode device
EP1811580A4 (en) 2004-10-21 2012-05-23 Ube Industries Light emitting diode element, board for light emitting diode and method for manufacturing light emitting diode element
JP5029362B2 (en) 2005-08-10 2012-09-19 宇部興産株式会社 Light emitting diode substrate and light emitting diode
US8357262B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2013-01-22 Kyocera Corporation Corrosion-resistant member, treatment apparatus and sample treatment method using the member, and method for manufacture of corrosion-resistant member
WO2007083828A1 (en) 2006-01-19 2007-07-26 Ube Industries, Ltd. Ceramic composite light converting member and light emitting device using the same
JP5157909B2 (en) 2006-09-25 2013-03-06 宇部興産株式会社 Ceramic composite for light conversion and light emitting device using the same
KR101425183B1 (en) 2010-03-31 2014-07-31 우베 고산 가부시키가이샤 Ceramic composites for light conversion, process for production thereof, and light-emitting devices provided with same
EP2650082B1 (en) 2010-12-10 2022-02-02 Ube Industries, Ltd. Ceramic composite for photoconversion, and method for manufacture thereof
KR101471641B1 (en) 2010-12-16 2014-12-10 우베 고산 가부시키가이샤 Ceramic composite for photoconversion, method for producing same, and light-emitting device comprising same
KR20140051209A (en) 2011-07-08 2014-04-30 우베 고산 가부시키가이샤 Method for producing ceramic composite for photoconversion
CN104245881B (en) 2012-03-30 2015-11-25 宇部兴产株式会社 Light conversion ceramic composite and use its light-emitting device

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