JP3122682U - Low temperature heat treatment furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a low temperature heat treatment furnace for heat treating a waste material at a low temperature.
A lower heat treatment chamber (3) is provided inside the outer tank (1) with a supply pipe projecting in a horizontal direction, and an inner cylinder (14) is provided above the lower heat treatment chamber (3) so as to form a gap with the outer tank (1). An upper heat treatment chamber 10 is provided, and a waste inlet with a cover plate is provided on the upper part of the outer tub 1 and a smoke cylinder 16, and the smoke cylinder 16 is connected to one side of a smoke purification tank 15 by sprinkling water. The tank 15 is provided with a plurality of partition plates 17 at predetermined intervals in the water tank so that the flue gas can be bent upward and downward, the chimney 16 is connected to the other side, the bottom plate of the outer tank 1 and the lower heat treatment chamber An air chamber 2 is provided between the lower heat treatment chamber 3 and the air chamber 2, and at least two opposing walls or all wall plates are upward swash plates, and magnetized air is supplied to the air chamber 2. A low-temperature heat treatment furnace connected. Separation of dioxins can be prevented beforehand.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a low-temperature heat treatment furnace intended to heat various kinds of wastes at a low temperature (for example, a temperature of less than 400 ° C.) at which dioxins are not generated and to make ash.

Conventionally, with regard to the combustion treatment of waste, a high-temperature combustion apparatus that decomposes and detoxifies dioxins and a low-temperature carbonization apparatus that does not separate (generate) dioxins have been proposed.
JP-A-11-316006 JP 2005-29600 A JP 2003-117534 A

  Conventionally, an invention has been proposed in which air containing oxygen molecules in an excited state is blown into a waste incinerator and the waste in the furnace is completely burned to suppress the generation of harmful substances such as dioxins (patent document) 1).

  In addition, a technique has been proposed in which combustion air excited by passing through a magnetic field is introduced into a processing chamber, whereby stable operation can be performed when carbonizing carbonized waste without generation of dioxins (Patent Document 2).

  Next, a technique has also been proposed in which magnetically treated air is introduced into a heat treatment chamber and heated at 700 ° C. or lower, and then the generation of dioxins is suppressed by, for example, temperature treatment at 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C. (Patent Document 3).

  In the invention of Patent Document 1, it is assumed that the waste is completely burned. However, what is the temperature, how much the excitation of oxygen molecules, and how detoxification of the dioxin is made to complete combustion. It is unclear whether or not a specific method for putting these into practical use is unclear.

  Although the said patent document 2 is invention regarding low temperature carbonization, and is considered effective for the waste as described in the specification, it is unclear whether it can be efficiently processed at 90 ° C. to 120 ° C. or less. Moreover, although there is description of the implementation apparatus, it is unclear whether air can be supplied uniformly to the waste described in the specification.

  In the invention of Patent Document 3, the surface temperature of the heat-treated product can be continuously suppressed to a low temperature of 700 ° C. or lower (dioxin is generated at 400 ° C. to 700 ° C.), and 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C. inside. It has been described that since heat treatment is performed slowly, the generation of dioxins can be suppressed. Dioxins are eventually generated, but it is unclear whether the dioxins generated will be harmless or not. Although the control of the temperature of each part is effective as a countermeasure against dioxins as described above, there is no disclosure of specific means.

  Patent Documents 1 to 3 are all in line with this idea regarding the treatment of wastes in which dioxins are suppressed (or detoxified). However, each of the above technologies has a problem of incorporating unclear points regarding specific means. On the other hand, this device proposed a specific apparatus capable of low-temperature heat treatment (no generation of dioxin) by combining the same technique as the conventional apparatus and a new technique not shown so far, and solved the conventional problems. It is.

  In other words, this device is provided with a lower heat treatment chamber with an air supply pipe projecting horizontally in the lower inner side of the outer tub, and an upper portion made of an inner cylinder provided with a gap with the outer tub above the lower heat treatment chamber. A heat treatment chamber is provided, and a waste inlet with a cover plate is provided on the upper part of the outer tub, and a smoke cylinder is provided. The smoke cylinder is connected to one side of the smoke purification tank by watering, and is connected to the other side of the smoke purification tank. A low temperature characterized in that a chimney is connected, the air supply pipe communicates with an air chamber between a bottom plate of the outer tub and a lower heat treatment chamber, and a feeding means for magnetized air is connected to the air chamber. This is a heat treatment furnace. A lower heat treatment chamber is provided in the lower inner side of the outer tub, with an air supply pipe projecting in the horizontal direction, and an upper portion made of an inner cylinder provided with a gap between the outer tub and the upper portion of the lower heat treatment chamber. A heat treatment chamber is provided, and a waste inlet with a cover plate is provided at the top of the outer tank, and a smoke cylinder is provided. It is connected to one side of a water purification tank, a chimney is connected to the other side of the smoke purification tank, and the air supply pipe communicates with an air chamber between a bottom plate of the outer tank and a lower heat treatment chamber. The wall plate of the lower heat treatment chamber and the air chamber is a low temperature heat treatment furnace characterized in that at least two opposing walls or all wall plates are upward swash plates, and a magnetized air feeding means is connected to the air chamber. is there.

  Further, another device is provided with a lower heat treatment chamber provided with a supply pipe projecting in a horizontal direction inside a lower portion of the outer tub, and an inner cylinder provided with a gap between the outer tub and the upper portion of the lower heat treatment chamber. An upper heat treatment chamber is provided, and a waste inlet with a cover plate is provided on the upper part of the outer tub, and a smoke cylinder, the smoke cylinder is connected to one side of the smoke purification tank by watering, and the smoke purification tank is connected to the water tank. Inside, a plurality of partition plates are provided at predetermined intervals so that the flue gas can be bent up and down, and a chimney is connected to the other side, and an air chamber is provided between the bottom plate of the outer tank and the lower heat treatment chamber. The low temperature heat treatment furnace is characterized in that at least two opposing walls or all wall plates are upward swash plates, and a magnetized air feeding means is connected to the air chamber. The feeding means includes a fan installed on the outside air suction side of the feeding pipe and the feeding pipe. To the middle section, and the permanent magnets built-in active treatment pipe, in which is interposed a valve in series.

  Still another idea is that the air supply pipe communicates with the lower heat treatment chamber and the air chamber, and projects in a horizontal direction to the lower heat treatment chamber in the upper and lower multi-stages and to a length not reaching the center, A temperature sensor is provided in the heat treatment chamber, and the output of the temperature sensor is connected to a thermometer at the upper part of the outer tub, and the valve interposed in the outside air supply pipe is an automatic opening / closing valve, and the control of the automatic opening / closing valve The output of the temperature sensor is connected to the vessel.

  In the above device, the lower heat treatment chamber is separated from the upper heat treatment chamber. In the lower heat treatment chamber, excited air is uniformly mixed so that drying and heat treatment in the upper heat treatment chamber can be performed smoothly, and air and heat treatment can be performed. In order to circulate the gas, the use of high-temperature gas, drying, and heat treatment are sequentially performed from the lower part to the upper part.

  Further, since the air supply pipe protrudes in the horizontal direction, it is possible to support the input waste, supply appropriate air, and support it while maintaining the density, so that the input waste can be completely heat-treated. In particular, because of the low temperature (less than 400 ° C., preferably 300 ° C. to 380 ° C.), the excited oxygen must penetrate uniformly (mix).

  In the above, since the air chamber is made large, and the excitation air is uniformly fed from here through the air supply pipe, the air supply pipe has two upper and lower stages, and is provided with long and short projections so as not to reach the center of the heat treatment chamber. However, it is preferable to cut the tip with the cut face downward. In addition, the tip may be closed and a large number of air holes may be provided in the air supply pipe. In addition, whether to supply air while supporting waste or to use only an air supply pipe separately from the rooster is selected according to the form of main waste to be processed. The waste to be treated by this device is not particularly limited, and the basic treatment form is the same for both household waste and industrial waste, but waste with particularly high moisture (for example, 70% or more moisture). ) And wastes with low water content (for example, water content of 30% or less) are preferably mixed as appropriate. In addition, first, after storing high-temperature ash (for example, ash of 300 ° C. or higher), it is possible to perform a smooth process by treating in earnest.

  In the heat treatment furnace of this device, in order to efficiently heat-treat the waste at a low temperature (below the dioxin generation temperature, less than 400 ° C.), the supply air is excited and oxygen contained in the supply air is activated. . Therefore, it was heat-treated efficiently even at a low temperature. Therefore, forced air supply (using a fan) and adjustment of the air supply amount (depending on the valve opening) were attempted. Although it is extremely difficult to supply the supply air without excess or deficiency, the object was achieved by accurately maintaining the relationship between the heat treatment temperature and the supply amount. In the heat treatment, an organic substance is vaporized by excited oxygen and heated to about 300 ° C. to 380 ° C. to ash a charcoal and the like to anaerobic ash.

  Therefore, if an expert adjusts the valve, the purpose can be achieved, but in order to make it versatile, the appropriate values of the output of the temperature sensor (heat treatment temperature) and the opening and closing of the valve are obtained and incorporated into the control system. Automatic control has been ensured. However, in a small-capacity heat treatment furnace, a chart or the like can be attached so that the air supply amount and the heat treatment temperature can be manually adjusted. In addition, since the upper heat treatment chamber is provided inside the double wall, the highest temperature portion is thermally shielded.

  Therefore, the outer tank wall is at a temperature of about 60 ° C. or less, and there is no possibility of causing burns even if the operator touches it. This is because the heat treatment temperature in the upper heat treatment chamber is low, so that radiant heat is hardly transmitted to the outer tank wall. This is also because the gas flows (falls) through the gap between the outer tank wall and the inner cylinder. However, it does not prevent the outer tank wall from being heat-insulated to prevent heat dissipation.

  With regard to air excitation in this device, sufficient processing can be performed by increasing the capacity of the permanent magnet corresponding to the amount of feed. In addition, it is useful to fill far-infrared-generating ceramics into a processing pipe connected to a feeding pipe to obtain a synergistic effect with the magnetic force of a permanent magnet, but the best will be a future research subject.

According to this device, since the waste is heat-treated at a low temperature (for example, 380 ° C. or lower), dioxins are not separated, and thus the concentration of dioxins is low in both smoke and ash (Table 1). Further, since the waste is only ash, the remaining weight is 5% or less and the capacity is about 5%. Magnetization of the air in said, for example in 2000 gauss to 4000 gauss permanent magnetic field, performing 0.1 m ³ / min to 1 m ³ / min of the processing.

  Further, as described above, the supplied air is passed through a strong magnetic field to ionize oxygen in the air and improve its activity (strengthening the oxidizing power). As a result, the thermal decomposition process is promoted. That is, unlike general combustion processing, even low-temperature oxidation (low-temperature processing) is processed rapidly. By the activation of the oxygen, soot is decomposed as if it burns or even faster.

  The device of the present invention is basically a batch type, and can process 100 kg to 1000 kg at a time or an amount corresponding to the size of the device at the same time, and a little continuous processing (for example, a device of 100 kg capacity). Even if it is, processing of 300 kg is also possible by sequential charging). In this case, 100 kg can be added after a lapse of a certain time after the first charging (for example, 3 hours after the start of heat treatment), and the final 100 kg can be added after the next 2 hours. Moreover, there is no problem even if it is continuously input at intervals of 2 hours.

  If such a processing method is taken, it becomes a continuous processing furnace, but the ash is appropriately taken out and sieved to reprocess the semi-processed solid matter.

  According to the device of this device, waste can be heat-treated at low temperature by limited ventilation of excitation air, so that various wastes can be reliably generated while dioxin generation is suppressed to a very small amount (within standard). In addition, there is an effect that it can be processed efficiently.

  In addition, various wastes are directly and easily subjected to low-temperature heat treatment to make ash, so that there is an effect that the final amount becomes extremely small (eg, 5% or less). Furthermore, if ash is used as a soil conditioner, there is an effect that the waste after the treatment becomes zero.

  In this device, an air chamber and a lower heat treatment chamber are sequentially installed inside the lower part of the outer tub, and the air chamber and the lower heat treatment chamber are partitioned by an upwardly inclined side wall. An active air supply pipe is connected to the air chamber, and an air supply pipe is passed through the upward inclined side wall so that the air chamber communicates with the lower heat treatment chamber. The lower heat treatment chamber side is opened obliquely downward so that both air supply and rooster are used. The feeding pipe is provided with an active processing pipe and a valve.

  In the upper part of the lower heat treatment chamber, an inner cylinder is fixed concentrically with the inner wall of the outer tub, and an upper heat treatment chamber is formed. This gap prevents heat loss outside the outer tank as much as possible.

  An inlet is provided on one side of the top plate of the outer tub so that the sealing lid can be freely opened and closed. A smoke cylinder is provided on the other side of the top plate and opened to one side of the smoke septic tank. The smoke septic tank is provided with vertical partition plates at predetermined intervals to form a vertically bent flue, and the smoke septic tank A chimney is provided on the other side, and an appropriate amount of water is put into the smoke clarifier so that the smoke is contacted and purified on the water surface. This water will be replaced as appropriate to keep the smoke purification efficiency high. A sprinkler may be provided in the smoke clarifier to purify the smoke.

  A permanent magnet is installed in the active treatment pipe to magnetize the passing air, or together with the permanent magnet, contain far-infrared ray generating minerals (for example, barley stone, tourmaline, etc.) to perform magnetic treatment and far-red treatment. Thus, air activation (excitation, ionization) can be promoted.

[Survey Example 1]
The content of various substances when heat-treated under the following conditions using the device of the present invention is as follows.

1. Condition (1) Waste used Household waste (water content 90%)
(2) Heat treatment Continuous heat treatment at 80 ° C. or less for 3 hours (3) Air volume 0.1 m ^{3 /} min
(4) Permanent magnet 4000 Gauss 2. When dioxins were measured, Table 1 was obtained (significantly less than the reference value).

3. When carbon monoxide, oxygen concentration continuous measurement and soot smoke measurement were performed, Table 2 was obtained (however, smoke was not purified). In this case, the amount of each substance other than carbon monoxide is remarkably reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a measure for reducing carbon monoxide.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. An air chamber 2 is provided inside a lower portion of a rectangular tubular outer tank 1, and a lower heat treatment chamber 3 is provided above the air chamber 2. The air chamber 2 is provided with swash plates 4a, 4b, 4c (4 in the whole case) corresponding to the hypotenuse of the right triangle on the three side walls at the bottom of the outer tub 1, Air chambers 2 a, 2 b, 2 c having a triangular cross section are communicated with each other at the corner of the tank, communicated by the lower heat treatment chamber 3 and the air supply pipe 3 a, and two supply pipes 5, 5 are connected to the air chamber 2. One end of the feed pipes 5 and 5 are connected to the other ends thereof, and fans 6 and 6 are provided at the other ends of the feed pipes 5 and 5 respectively, and are opened to the outside. The active processing pipes 8 and 8 are interposed. Permanent magnets (for example, 4000 gauss) are installed in the active processing pipes 8 and 8 so as to magnetize the passing air. In addition to permanent magnets, the active treatment pipes 8 and 8 may be filled with a far-infrared ray generating mineral (for example, tourmaline or barley stone).

  In the upper part of the lower heat treatment chamber 3, a gap is provided between the inner wall of the outer tub 1, the inner tube 9 is loosely fitted to form an upper heat treatment chamber 10, and an inlet 12 is provided in the top plate 11 of the outer tub 1, An opening / closing lid 13 is put on the inlet 12.

  A cylinder 14 is installed on the top plate 11, an upper end portion of the cylinder 14 is connected to one side of the smoke purification tank 15, and a chimney 16 is connected to the other side of the smoke purification tank 15.

  The smoke clarification tank 15 is closed four times to form a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped flue. Inside the smoke clarification tank 15, a plurality of partition plates 17 and 17 are provided vertically at predetermined intervals, and the flue gas bends and flows. As described above, smoke passing passages 18 and 18 are provided between the upper portions (top plate 15 a) of the partition plates 17 and 17 and the water surface 19. A chimney 16 is provided on the end side of the smoke purification tank 15 to complete the heat treatment furnace 25 of the present invention.

  In the above embodiment, the state of use of the heat treatment furnace will be described. Holding the waste container, the staircase 21 reaches the tread 22, the open / close lid 13 is opened, and the waste is indicated by the arrow 12. 23 (FIG. 1 (a)), and when it becomes about 1/3 of the waste, the open / close lid 13 is closed. Next, the lid 24 leading to the lower heat treatment chamber 3 is opened, and the ignited paper or wood is inserted in the direction of the arrow 26 and ignited. In this case, since the air excited by the permanent magnet (with barley stone and tourmaline) is supplied from the air supply pipe 3a to the lower heat treatment chamber through the air chamber, the waste is well heat treated. Next, the thermal power supply is adjusted so that the temperature is about 350 ° C., and other wastes are also heat-treated. As a result of the treatment as described above, when the ash depth becomes 20 cm to 30 cm, the open / close lid 13 is opened, new waste is sequentially added, and when the upper heat treatment chamber is filled, the open / close lid is opened. 13 is closed. In this way, if the low temperature treatment is performed while sending magnetized air, the newly filled waste is sequentially treated from the bottom. The flue gas generated by the processing is divided into smoke rising as indicated by arrows 27 and 28 and smoke falling as indicated by arrows 29 and 30. In this case, the flue gas exiting the smoke cylinder 14 as rising flue gas bends and flows in the smoke purification tank 15 as indicated by arrows 31, 32, 33, and 34, and is discharged from the chimney 16 to the outside as indicated by arrow 20. Is done.

  The flue gas comes into contact with the water surface 19 during the bending flow and is also purified by water, and the large particles sink into the water, and the contact smoke with the water surface is trapped and purified by the fine particles in the smoke. Therefore, the smoke emitted from the chimney is purified to the extent that it can be released to the outside world.

In the above, the air supply is forced inhalation as arrow 35, while being treated activated with active treatment pipes 8,8, the amount of air is adjusted by a valve 7 (e.g. 1 m ^3/1 min), The temperature is adjusted so as not to be heat-treated. The fan 6 is not normally used, but is used only when pressurized feeding is required.

  In the above, the solar cell 36 is installed in the upper part of the smoke purification tank 15, and the electric power is fed as a power source for the fan 6 or a sensor like the cord 37. When the sun does not come out (for example, at night), a storage battery is used.

  Although the said Example demonstrated the comparatively small heat processing furnace (for example, 1000 kg processing at once), by performing the structure of a heat processing chamber, the waste input equipment (for example, automatic input), and the efficiency of a smoke purifier, etc. , Increasing the processing capacity (eg 1000 kg to 10000 kg) or a continuous processing device.

  As the processing capacity increases, it is natural to increase the supply processing capacity corresponding to this. However, it is essential to excite the feed air and maintain the low temperature heat treatment.

  The temperature control of the low-temperature treatment in the above can be performed by controlling the amount of supply air. For example, the temperature sensor 46 is set at the base of the smoke cylinder 14, the output of the temperature sensor 46 is input to the controller 47, and the output of the controller 47 is the valve 7 of the feed pipe 5 (in this case, an automatic valve). ) And the opening degree is determined, the supply amount can be controlled by the exhaust temperature, and the processing temperature can be controlled.

  When the automatic valve is not as described above, the processing temperature is determined by manually adjusting the valve by looking at the temperature.

  In the said Example, if a sprinkling pipe is installed in the inner upper part of a smoke-cleaning tank and it sprays suitably, passing smoke can be purified. The water spray may be sprayed.

  Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the outer tub 40 is cylindrical, and the other shape structure and function (apparatus) are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment. In the case of Example 2, the air chamber 39 has an annular shape with a triangular cross section, and the smoke purification tank 41 has a semi-annular shape.

  In the second embodiment, since the outer tub 40 is cylindrical, the lower heat treatment chamber 3 and the upper heat treatment chamber 10 can be made substantially the same. However, the waste inlet 12 is provided at the center of the top plate 38 of the outer tub 40 and is covered with the opening / closing lid 13. Accordingly, the smoke purification tank 41 is connected to one side by a connecting part 41b as front and rear half circles (planes) 41a and 41a, and the cylinder 42 is connected to one lower part of one semicircle 41a, and the other semicircle 41b It is also conceivable to connect the chimney 43 to the upper part on one side.

  In this case, an input chute (not shown) can be provided to facilitate the input of waste. In the figure, 44 is a cord, 45 is a solar cell, 48 is a lid leading to the lower heat treatment chamber, and the feed pipe 5 is the same as in the first embodiment.

(A) The front view which broke off a part of Example of this invention, (b) Similarly bottom view. (A) The cross-sectional top view which abbreviate | omitted one part, (b) The left side view similarly. (A) Similarly top view, (b) Right side view. (A) A partially cross-sectional plan view of another embodiment, (b) A front view in which a part is broken, and (c) A plan view of a smoke purification tank.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer tank 2 Air chamber 3 Lower heat processing chamber 4a, 4b, 4c Swash plate 5 Feeding pipe 6 Fan 8 Active processing pipe 9 Inner cylinder 10 Upper heat processing chamber 11 Top plate 12 Inlet 13 Opening lid 14 Cylinder 15 Smoke tank 16 Chimney 17 Partition plate 18 Passing gap 19 Water surface 20 Chimney 25 Heat treatment furnace

Claims (7)

  A lower heat treatment chamber with an air supply pipe projecting in the horizontal direction is provided inside the lower portion of the outer tub, and an upper heat treatment chamber comprising an inner cylinder provided with a gap with the outer tub is provided above the lower heat treatment chamber. A waste inlet with a cover plate on the upper part of the outer tank, and a smoke cylinder, the smoke cylinder is connected to one side of the smoke purification tank by watering, and a chimney is connected to the other side of the smoke purification tank, The low temperature heat treatment furnace characterized in that the air supply pipe communicates with an air chamber between a bottom plate of the outer tub and a lower heat treatment chamber, and a magnetized air feeding means is connected to the air chamber.   A lower heat treatment chamber with an air supply pipe projecting horizontally is provided inside the lower portion of the outer tub, and an upper heat treatment chamber comprising an inner cylinder provided with a gap with the outer tub is provided above the lower heat treatment chamber. A waste inlet with a cover plate on the upper part of the outer tank, and a smoke cylinder, the smoke cylinder is connected to one side of the smoke purification tank by watering, and a chimney is connected to the other side of the smoke purification tank, The air supply pipe communicates with an air chamber between the bottom plate of the outer tub and the lower heat treatment chamber, and the wall plate between the lower heat treatment chamber and the air chamber has at least two opposing walls or all wall plates inclined upward. A low-temperature heat treatment furnace characterized in that a plate is used, and magnetized air feeding means is connected to the air chamber.   A lower heat treatment chamber with an air supply pipe projecting horizontally is provided inside the lower portion of the outer tub, and an upper heat treatment chamber comprising an inner cylinder provided with a gap with the outer tub is provided above the lower heat treatment chamber. A waste inlet with a cover plate on the upper part of the outer tub and a smoke cylinder, and the smoke cylinder is connected to one side of the water purification tank by watering, and the smoke tank is divided into a plurality of partitions. A plate is provided at a predetermined interval so that the flue gas can be bent upward and downward, a chimney is connected to the other side, an air chamber is provided between the bottom plate of the outer tank and the lower heat treatment chamber, A low temperature heat treatment furnace characterized in that at least two opposing walls or all wall plates are upwardly facing swash plates, and a magnetized air feeding means is connected to the air chamber.   The feeding means is characterized in that a fan is installed on the outside suction side of the feeding pipe, and an active processing pipe with a built-in permanent magnet and a valve are interposed in series in the middle of the feeding pipe. The low-temperature heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, 2, or 3.   The air supply pipe communicates between the lower heat treatment chamber and the air chamber, and is provided in the lower heat treatment chamber so as to protrude vertically in a multistage manner and not to reach the center portion. Or the low-temperature heat treatment furnace as described in 3.   4. A low-temperature heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor is provided in the heat treatment chamber, and an output of the temperature sensor is connected to a thermometer at the upper part of the outer tub.   The low-temperature heat treatment furnace according to claim 6, wherein the valve interposed in the outside air supply pipe is an automatic opening / closing valve, and the output of the temperature sensor is connected to the controller of the automatic opening / closing valve.

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