JP3119003B2 - Dust supply system for fluidized bed waste incinerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dust supply system for a fluidized bed waste incinerator, and more particularly to a fluid supply system capable of continuously and quantitatively supplying waste to an incinerator while maintaining sealing performance. The present invention relates to a dust supply device for a floor type waste incinerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a dust supply device of a fluidized bed type waste incinerator supplies waste to the incinerator through a dust supply duct. It is necessary to seal the inside of this dust supply device in order to prevent the exhaust gas in the incinerator from flowing backward through the dust supply duct and to prevent excess air from flowing in. Further, it is necessary to supply the above incinerator with waste quantitatively and continuously. Therefore, the dust supply apparatus generally has a structure in which waste is accumulated in a hopper, and a material is sealed while sending the waste to a duct by a screw conveyor.

[0003] Hereinafter, a dust supply device for a conventional fluidized bed waste incinerator will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 3 shows the structure of a dust supply device 1 for a fluidized bed waste incinerator. As shown in FIG. 3, the dust supply device 1 includes a hopper 3 containing waste 14 to be supplied to the incinerator, and extends from a lower portion of the hopper 3 to an intake 4 of a dust supply duct 2 of the incinerator. A trough 5 is connected to the inlet 4, and a screw 6 is accommodated in the trough 5 and transports the waste 14 in the hopper 3 to the inlet 4. A screw 6 is accommodated in the trough 5 with its tip facing the intake 4 of the dust supply duct 2. The rear end on the upstream side of the trough 5 is closed by joining the outer wall 7. A bearing 9 is provided in the center of the outer wall 7 so as to penetrate the wall, and a rotating shaft 8 of the screw 6 is provided.
Are supported by the bearing 9. A drive unit (not shown) is provided outside the trough 5, and the rotation shaft 8 is rotated to form a screw conveyor that swallows the surroundings of the screw 6 and conveys it to the tip of the screw. doing.

[0005] In addition, the two ridges 10, 11 of the trough 5 have
The top side ceiling 12, the hopper 3 and the base side ceiling 13 are joined in order from the top side, and the space between the two top edges 10, 11 is blow-by at the hopper portion, and otherwise has an airtight ceiling.

[0006] The conventional dust feeder for a fluidized bed waste incinerator thus configured can have a material sealing property as follows. First, waste 14 is hopper 3
It is dropped on the upper chute and accumulated in the hopper 3 and the trough 5. The waste 1 thus accumulated in the hopper 3
When the upper surface level 15 of the hopper 4 is maintained at a predetermined height, the gas is taken in by the screw 6 from the lower part of the hopper 3, conveyed to the lower part of the front end side ceiling 12, and is compressed by a moderately compressed waste 14. It becomes impassable and the material sealability is maintained.

[0007]

However, in the above-described conventional dust feeder 1 for a fluidized bed waste incinerator,
When the upper surface level 15 of the waste 14 accumulated in the hopper 3 is increased, the waste load on the screw increases,
Although the material is more compressed and swallowed, the material sealing property is improved, but when the waste 14 conveyed by the screw 6 passes through the throat, which is the junction between the tip-side ceiling 12 and the hopper 3, there is no load from above and the waste 14 Because of expansion, it is pressed against the throat and the top side ceiling 12 and receives a large frictional resistance. At this time, the waste 14 repeats compression and expansion due to release under the compression limit condition.
There is a problem that the waste 14 is moved in a coarse and dense state, and the quantitative supply cannot be maintained. Therefore, it is necessary to lower the upper surface level 15 to reduce the influence of the expansion in order to maintain the quantitative supply property.
There is a problem that the waste 14 conveyed below and compressed becomes coarse in the upper part, and the material sealing property cannot be maintained. Therefore, it is difficult to adjust the upper surface level 15, and it has been difficult to maintain both the quantitative supply property and the material sealing property. Therefore, the conventional dust feeder 1 for a fluidized-bed waste incinerator has an unstable material sealing property and a quantitative supply property of waste, and it has been a problem to improve them.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a dust supply apparatus for a fluidized bed waste incinerator which can maintain a good quantitative supply of waste while maintaining a material sealing property. is there.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hopper for storing waste to be supplied to a fluidized bed type waste incinerator, and a dust supply duct for the incinerator from a lower portion of the hopper. Dust supply of a fluidized bed waste incinerator, comprising: a trough extending to and connected to the intake of the fluid bed, and a screw accommodated in the trough and transporting waste in the hopper to the intake. In the apparatus, a fixed-quantity supply unit is formed at a lower portion of a top trough ceiling connected to the intake,
In the throat connecting the tip-side trough ceiling and the hopper, a seal plate that extends diagonally downward or vertically is provided at the screw root side to partition and form a swallowing part at the screw root side upper part, and the tip-side trough ceiling is This is higher than the lower end of the seal plate.

[0010]

According to the above construction, the waste is accumulated in the hopper to a higher level than the lower end of the seal plate, and then conveyed into the trough through the swallowing section. After passing through the lower end of the seal plate, the waste is compressed from above. Because it disappears, it expands,
Since the expansion space is formed at the ceiling of the trough on the distal end side sufficiently higher than the lower end of the seal plate, it is smoothly transported without receiving frictional resistance from the ceiling, and the quantitative supply of waste is improved. Also, as long as the upper surface level of the waste is maintained just above the lower end of the seal plate in the hopper, the gas is impassable when the waste is compressed under the lower end of the seal plate and enters the quantitative supply section. Therefore, the material sealing property can be ensured, so that the material sealing property is stabilized. Therefore, the material sealing property and the quantitative supply property of the waste can be simultaneously kept good.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a dust supply device 16 of a fluidized bed waste incinerator according to the present invention. The tip of a trough 17 is airtightly connected to the intake 4 of the dust supply duct 2 of the incinerator (not shown). This trough 17
Are horizontally supported by a support member 18 provided on a substantially horizontal base 36. In the trough 17, a screw 19 driven by a drive unit provided outside the rear end of the trough is provided horizontally with the rotation shaft 20 on the base side supported by the bearing 21 and the tip facing the inlet 4. The trough 17 has a sufficient depth to accommodate the screw 19.
A hopper 24 is connected to the top edges 22 and 23 of the trough 17 at the base side in a blow-by manner, and the tip end side of the hopper 24 is connected to the ceiling 2.
5 are joined. The ceiling 25 on the distal end side is formed sufficiently higher than the upper surface of the screw 19 to form a fixed supply section B. The ceiling 25 on the tip side and the hopper 24 are connected by forming a throat 26. In the throat portion 26, a seal plate 27 is provided with the upper end airtightly connected to the screw root side in a direction extending obliquely downward or vertically, and a swallowing portion A is formed at the upper portion of the screw root side. More specifically, an appropriate angle is set for each actual facility from the relationship between the amount of waste and the amount of supply of waste, which will be described later, and from the relationship with the material seal to the diagonally downward and vertical directions.

The shape of the screw 19 has a tapered tapered shaft portion 28 at the swallowing portion, and a constant diameter shaft portion 29 having a diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the tip of the tapered shaft portion 28 at the fixed amount supply portion. However, the screw pitch of the screw blade 30 is rough in the swallowing section and fine in the quantitative supply section. However, as described above, the fixed diameter shaft section 2 of the fixed amount supply section
The diameter of 9 can be formed to be the minimum diameter of the tapered shaft portion 28 of the swallowing section, so that the fixed-volume supply section can have a larger transfer capacity than the swallowing section.

In the hopper 24 immediately above the seal plate 27, the waste 14
Fixed level sensor 3 that detects that there is accumulation
A movable level sensor 32 for controlling the level of the waste 14 at a constant level is provided in a hopper 24 above the root side of the screw 19 so that the vertical position can be adjusted in a sliding manner within a vertically long mounting frame. Is provided. A chute 34 having a movable waste drop adjusting plate 33 is provided on the upper part of the hopper 24. At the entrance of the chute 34, waste is carried in and the chute 34 is introduced.
A carry-in conveyor 35 that falls into the inside is provided.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

According to the dust feeder 16 of the fluidized bed waste incinerator of the present embodiment, the waste 14 is carried in by the carry-in conveyor 35 and falls into the chute 34, and the movable waste fall adjustment plate 33, the drop location is adjusted to be substantially constant, the drop is dropped, accumulated to a level higher than the lower end of the seal plate 27 in the hopper 24, compressed by the load, conveyed through the swallowing section through the trough 17, and sent to the fixed quantity supply section. Sent. The waste 14 expands after passing through the lower end of the seal plate 27 because there is no load from above. However, since the ceiling 25 on the tip side is sufficiently higher than the lower end of the seal plate 27, the waste 14 smoothly receives no frictional resistance from the ceiling 25. It will be transported. Therefore, the quantitative supply of the waste 14 is improved. Further, if the upper surface level 15 of the waste is maintained just above the lower end of the seal plate 27, the waste 14 is compressed under the lower end of the seal plate 27 before entering the fixed amount supply portion, and the density is increased. At that point, the gas cannot pass, and the material sealing property can be secured. Therefore, it is possible to maintain good quantitative supply of waste while maintaining the material sealing property.

Further, the falling state of the waste 14 which is carried in by the carry-in conveyor 35 and falls into the chute 34 is adjusted to be constant by the movable waste fall adjusting plate 33, so that the upper surface level of the waste in the swallowing section is adjusted. The density of the waste 14 is adjusted by adjusting the weight to be parallel to the tapered upper surface of the screw 19 or slightly toward the root of the screw 19, and the amount of the swallowed by the screw 19 can be stabilized, so that the quantitative supply is improved. .

Further, since the screw 19 has the tapered tapered shaft portion 28 at the swallowing portion, the waste 14 can be swallowed not only from the root side but also from the entire swallowing portion. The supply section has a constant diameter shaft section 29 having substantially the same diameter as the diameter of the tip of the tapered shaft section 28, and the screw blade 30 has a pitch smaller than that of the swallowing section in the fixed supply section and has a smaller pitch. The swallowing unit is formed so that the transport capacity is larger than the swallowing unit, so that the swallowing unit can easily swallow the waste due to the large pitch. Because it is within the transport capacity, the quantitative supply of waste is stable. In the fixed-quantity supply unit, the small pitch improves continuous supply of waste.

The hopper 24 immediately above the seal plate 27 is provided with a fixed level sensor 31 for constantly detecting that the waste 14 is accumulated above the lower end of the seal plate 27, so that the sealing performance is improved. Information to confirm the security is obtained. Further, when the upper surface level of the waste in the fixed amount supply unit falls to a level below this sensor, it is possible to output a signal for giving a pre-warning alarm of waste exhaustion or for performing waste supply unconditionally. The fixed level sensor 31 is used for setting the movable level sensor at an optimum position as described below.

Since a movable level sensor 32 for controlling the level of waste is provided in the hopper 24 on the upper side of the screw 19 at the root side, the carry-in conveyor 3 is provided.
5 by inverter control or timer control, the upper level 15 of the waste in the swallowing unit, which has conventionally fluctuated during operation, can be maintained at a constant level during operation, and the density of the swallowed waste is reduced. Therefore, since the amount of swallow is constant, the quantitative supply of waste is improved. In addition, the movable level sensor 32 can be slidably adjusted up and down in the mounting frame to easily set and adjust the upper surface level 15 kept constant as described above to an optimum level. Quantitative supply of materials can be optimized and operability can be improved. In this regard, referring to FIG.
The operation will be described in detail below.

As described above, in the conventional dust supply apparatus, when the level of the upper surface of the waste in the hopper rises to a certain level, the waste expanded through the throat portion is moved to the ceiling on the front end side (the ceiling level is reduced). (Indicated by P in FIG. 2), the quantitative feedability began to be unsatisfactory due to the frictional resistance received. Also in the dust supply device 16 according to the present invention, when the upper surface level of the waste in the drinking section is increased, the upper surface level of the waste in the fixed amount supply section is also increased. However, according to the dust supply device 16 according to the present invention, even if the dust supply device 16 is operated at the upper surface level Ai of the waste in the swallowing unit such that the upper surface level of the waste in the fixed amount supply unit starts to reach P, the trough ceiling on the distal end side is used. Since 25 is sufficiently higher than P, it is sufficiently higher than the upper surface level Ao of the waste expanded on the quantitative supply section side, and therefore does not give frictional resistance to the waste, so that the quantitative supply is not deteriorated at that point. In addition, the quantitative feedability is improved as compared with the conventional dust supply device.

By the way, when the dust supply device 16 is operated in full scale, it is better to control the upper surface level of the waste in the swallowing section to a constant level so that the density of the waste is constant and the swallowing amount is constant. Is desirable for quantitative supply,
It is not always optimal to drive the vehicle at the fixed level Ai described above. Because, when the upper level of the waste in the swallowing section is driven to the level Ai described above,
This is because the waste swollen in the fixed-amount supply unit expands beyond the carrying capacity of the screw 19, so that the balance between the swallowing amount and the capacity of the fixed-amount supply unit may be lost, and the fixed-amount supply property may be deteriorated. Therefore, when the dust supply device 16 is operated in full scale, the top level of the waste at the swallowing unit side of the dust supply device 16 will be described below in consideration of actual facility-specific variations and waste characteristics. The operation is performed with a constant control at a Bi level or lower. That is, when the level is equal to or higher than the Bi level, the waste comes to exceed the upper end of the screw blade 30 at the tip of the screw, so that the swallowing amount is too large and the balance cannot be obtained.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, when the upper surface level of the waste in the swallowing section is at a level D lower than that of the fixed sensor 31, the swallowing load is so small that the quantitative supply cannot be ensured. Further, since there is a great risk that the sealing property is reduced, it is not suitable for driving. Therefore, the upper surface level of the waste in the swallowing section must have at least the height of the fixed level sensor 31. This fixed level sensor 3
1 and the level that can be practically secured with the balance with the swallowing amount and the quantitative supply is actually measured by trial running using a movable level sensor.
i can be determined. Further, the height of the movable level sensor 32 is adjusted in a sliding manner in consideration of the fluctuation, and Bi
If the height is set slightly lower than the height of Ci, the balance between the swallowing amount and the supply amount is always maintained, and the quantitative supply property can be secured. The movable level sensor 32 is maintained at the height Ci, and an inverter type or a timer type (NOT H level n seconds operation, H
By controlling the carry-in conveyor 35 at the level (stop at the level), it is possible to control the upper surface level of the waste in the swallowing unit to be the optimum level Ci.

The screw 19 in the hopper 24 is
It may be arranged not only in a series but also in multiples of two or more in parallel.

[0025]

In summary, according to the present invention, it is possible to continuously and quantitatively supply waste to a fluidized bed waste incinerator while maintaining the sealing property.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a waste level in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a dust supply device of a conventional fluidized bed waste incinerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Dust Supply Duct 4 Inlet 14 Waste 16 Dust Supply Device 17 Trough 19 Screw 24 Hopper 25 Tip Trough Ceiling 26 Throat 27 Seal Plate 28 Tapered Shaft 29 Constant Diameter Shaft 30 Screw Blade 31 Fixed Level Sensor 32 Movable Level sensor 33 Waste drop adjustment plate 34 Chute A Drinking part B Quantitative supply part

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F23G 5/30 F23G 5/44 F23K 3/16 302 B65G 65/46

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A hopper containing waste to be supplied to a fluidized-bed waste incinerator, and a trough extending from a lower portion of the hopper to an intake of a dust supply duct of the incinerator and connected to the intake. A screw that is accommodated in the trough and conveys the waste in the hopper to the inlet, and a dust feeder for a fluidized-bed waste incinerator, A fixed-quantity supply unit is formed in the lower part, and a seal plate extending diagonally downward or vertically is provided at the throat connecting the ceiling of the trough and the hopper on the tip side, and a swallowing unit is provided at the upper part of the screw base. A dust feeder for a fluidized bed type waste incinerator, wherein the top of the trough ceiling is higher than the lower end of the seal plate. 2. A hopper immediately above the seal plate, having a fixed level sensor for detecting that waste is constantly accumulated on the seal plate, 2. The dust supply device for a fluidized bed waste incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising a movable level sensor capable of adjusting a vertical position of the incinerator. 3. The screw has a tapered tapered shaft portion at the swallowing portion, and a constant diameter shaft portion having a diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the tapered shaft portion tip at the fixed amount supply portion,
The fluidized bed waste according to claim 1, wherein the screw blade has a pitch that is smaller in the fixed supply section than in the swallowing section, and has a larger transport capacity in the fixed supply section than in the swallow section. Dust supply device for incinerator. 4. A movable waste drop adjusting plate is provided in a chute at an upper portion of the hopper.
A dust supply device for a fluidized bed waste incinerator according to the above.