JP3116733B2 - Processing axis direction determination device for CAM system - Google Patents
Processing axis direction determination device for CAM systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP3116733B2 JP3116733B2 JP06184663A JP18466394A JP3116733B2 JP 3116733 B2 JP3116733 B2 JP 3116733B2 JP 06184663 A JP06184663 A JP 06184663A JP 18466394 A JP18466394 A JP 18466394A JP 3116733 B2 JP3116733 B2 JP 3116733B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- axis direction
- tool
- machining
- axis
- angle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
- Numerical Control (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、CAM(コンピュー
タ支援加工)システムに用いられ、該CAMシステムの
NC(数値制御)工作機械におけるエンドミル等の切削
加工用工具の加工軸方向(工具回転軸線の延在方向)を
そのNC工作機械の3次元座標系におけるZ軸方向(垂
直方向)から変更する必要がある場合にそのZ軸方向か
ら変更する新たな加工軸方向を自動的にかつ適切に決定
する加工軸方向決定装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used in a CAM (Computer Aided Machining) system, and the machining axis direction of a cutting tool such as an end mill in an NC (Numerical Control) machine tool of the CAM system (the rotational axis of the tool). When it is necessary to change the extension direction) from the Z-axis direction (vertical direction) in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the NC machine tool, a new machining axis direction to be changed from the Z-axis direction is automatically and appropriately determined. And a machining axis direction determining device.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】CAMシステムは一般に、CAD(コン
ピュータ支援設計)システムが作成した製品形状の3次
元形状データ(いわゆるCADデータ)からその製品形
状の切削加工用の工具軌跡データを含むNCデータを自
動作成する通常のコンピュータと、そのコンピュータが
作成したNCデータに基づき切削加工等の加工を行うN
C工作機械とを具えており、かかるCAMシステムにお
いて金型等の製品の形状を切削加工する際には通常、稜
線沿い加工と領域加工とを組み合わせてその切削加工を
行っている。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a CAM system automatically converts NC data including tool path data for cutting of a product shape from three-dimensional shape data (so-called CAD data) of the product shape created by a CAD (computer-aided design) system. An ordinary computer to be created and N to perform machining such as cutting based on the NC data created by the computer
In the CAM system, when cutting the shape of a product such as a mold, the cutting is usually performed by combining the processing along the ridge line and the area processing.
【0003】ここに、上記稜線沿い加工は、荒取り加工
での切削抵抗を減らして加工時間の短縮と加工品質の向
上とを図るために図21(a)に示すように案内曲線GLに
実質的に平行に延在する工具軌跡CLに沿って工具Tを移
動させて製品の凹部や壁際を切削するころがし加工と、
図21(b)に示すように小径の工具Tを製品形状Fに実
質的に平行に延在する工具軌跡CLに沿って移動させて大
径工具による加工での削り残し部位Rの範囲を加工する
細部加工とに分類され、また上記領域加工は、図22
(a)に示すように指定された領域の境界線としての各
閉曲線CV内をその閉曲線の特性に従い工具Tでそれぞれ
表面切削する境界線沿い加工や、図22(b)に示すよう
に指定された領域内を工具Tにより倣いやスキャンの如
く一定のピックフィード量Pで表面切削するピックフィ
ード加工等に分類される。[0003] Here, the processing along the ridge line substantially corresponds to the guide curve GL as shown in FIG. 21 (a) in order to reduce the cutting resistance in the roughing processing to shorten the processing time and improve the processing quality. The tool T is moved along the tool path CL extending in parallel in parallel to cut the concave portion or the wall of the product.
As shown in FIG. 21 (b), the small-diameter tool T is moved along the tool path CL extending substantially parallel to the product shape F, and the area of the uncut portion R in the machining by the large-diameter tool is machined. 22.
As shown in FIG. 22 (a), each closed curve CV as a boundary of the area specified as shown in FIG. 22 (b) is machined along the boundary where the surface is cut by the tool T in accordance with the characteristics of the closed curve. The area within the set area is classified into a pick feed process in which the surface is cut with a fixed pick feed amount P by a tool T such as scanning or scanning.
【0004】またCAMシステムは一般に、製品形状を
高精度に切削加工するため上記のようにCADデータに
基づきその製品形状の切削加工用の工具軌跡データを自
動作成するが、従来のCAMシステムにおいては、上記
稜線沿い加工と領域加工とのいずれについても、その作
成する工具軌跡データにおける加工軸方向を後述する理
由から加工精度の最も高くなるZ軸方向に設定すること
を基本としている。In general, a CAM system automatically creates tool path data for cutting a product shape based on CAD data as described above in order to cut a product shape with high precision. However, in a conventional CAM system, For both the above-mentioned ridge line machining and the area machining, the machining axis direction in the tool trajectory data to be created is basically set to the Z-axis direction at which machining accuracy is highest for the reason described later.
【0005】それゆえCAMシステムを操作するオペレ
ータは、上記工具軌跡データ作成後の切削検討の際に、
CAMシステムが出力する、そのZ軸方向に加工軸方向
を固定して作成した工具軌跡では図23(a)に示す如く
工具Tが製品形状Fに図中下側に示す所望の接点CPの他
に図中上側に示す不所望の接点CPでも接触して工具干渉
が生じてしまいその工具干渉を回避しようとすると図示
のように削り残し部位Rが発生してしまう加工部位につ
いて、加工部位毎に製品の断面図を見ながら、図23
(b)に示す如く工具干渉を回避しつつ削り残し部位R
の発生を避け得るような新たな加工軸方向を、加工精度
の低下を最小限に止めるためZ軸方向に対する角度が可
能な限り小さくなるように決定して、その新たな加工軸
方向を定義するデータを作成し、そのデータをCAMシ
ステムに与えて、CAMシステムが作成した工具軌跡デ
ータ中の上記削り残しが発生する加工部位の加工軸方向
を上記新たな加工軸方向に変更していた。[0005] Therefore, the operator who operates the CAM system, when examining the cutting after the creation of the tool path data,
In the tool path output from the CAM system and created by fixing the machining axis direction to the Z-axis direction, as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the undesired contact point CP shown in the upper part of the drawing also causes a tool interference due to contact with the tool, and the uncut portion R is generated as shown in the drawing to avoid the tool interference. While looking at the cross section of the product,
(B) As shown in FIG.
Is determined so that the angle with respect to the Z-axis direction is as small as possible in order to minimize the reduction in machining accuracy, and the new machining axis direction is defined. Data is created, and the data is given to the CAM system, and the machining axis direction of the machining area where the uncut portion occurs in the tool path data created by the CAM system is changed to the new machining axis direction.
【0006】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記従来
のCAMシステムでは、上述のようにオペレータが切削
検討の際に、CAMシステムが出力する、加工軸方向を
Z軸方向に固定した加工では削り残し部位が発生する加
工部位につき加工部位毎に新たな加工軸方向を逐一決定
してその加工軸方向を定義するデータを作成していたた
め、切削検討の際のオペレータの工数が嵩んでしまうと
いう問題があった。However, in the above-mentioned conventional CAM system, as described above, when the operator examines the cutting, the unremoved portion is output by the CAM system when the machining axis direction is fixed in the Z-axis direction. Since a new machining axis direction is determined for each machining area for each machining area where the machining occurs, and the data defining the machining axis direction is created, there is a problem that the number of man-hours for the operator in examining the cutting increases. Was.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明は、上記従来技
術の課題を有利に解決した装置を提供することを目的と
するものであり、この発明のCAMシステム用加工軸方
向決定装置は図1にその概念を示すように、製品形状デ
ータと、加工軸方向をZ軸方向に固定した工具軌跡デー
タと、使用工具データとに基づき工具干渉チェックを行
って、前記工具軌跡データにおける、工具干渉の回避の
ために加工軸方向を変更する必要がある加工軸方向変更
部位を検索する加工軸方向変更部位検索手段M1を具えて
いる。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which advantageously solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The apparatus for determining a machining axis direction for a CAM system according to the present invention is shown in FIG. As shown in the concept, a tool interference check is performed based on product shape data, tool path data in which the machining axis direction is fixed in the Z-axis direction, and used tool data. A machining axis direction change portion search means M1 for searching for a machining axis direction change portion that needs to change the machining axis direction for avoidance is provided.
【0008】さらにこの発明のCAMシステム用加工軸
方向決定装置は、これも図1に示すように、前記工具軌
跡データにおける前記加工軸方向変更部位につき、前記
製品形状データからZ軸方向座標値の小さい側と大きい
側とを調べて、Z軸方向座標値の小さい側から大きい側
へ向かう方向を求め、その求めた方向を新たな加工軸方
向に決定するとともに、その加工軸方向変更部位での加
工軸方向を、Z軸方向に直交する軸線周りに回動させて
前記Z軸方向座標値の小さい側から大きい側へ向かうよ
うに傾斜させ、その加工軸方向のZ軸方向に対する傾斜
角度を漸次増加させつつ工具干渉チェックを繰り返し行
って工具干渉の生じなくなる傾斜角度を求め、その傾斜
角度を新たな加工軸方向のZ軸方向に直交する軸線周り
の角度に決定する加工軸方向決定手段M2を具えている。Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the machining axis direction determining apparatus for a CAM system according to the present invention, for the machining axis direction changing portion in the tool trajectory data, calculates the Z axis coordinate value from the product shape data based on the product shape data. By examining the small side and the large side, a direction from the small side to the large side of the Z-axis direction coordinate value is determined, the determined direction is determined as a new machining axis direction, and the direction of the machining axis direction change portion is determined. The machining axis direction is rotated around an axis orthogonal to the Z-axis direction to incline from the smaller side of the Z-axis direction coordinate value to the larger side, and the inclination angle of the machining axis direction with respect to the Z-axis direction is gradually increased. The tool interference check is repeatedly performed while increasing the angle, and a tilt angle at which tool interference does not occur is obtained, and the tilt angle is determined as an angle around an axis orthogonal to the Z-axis direction of the new machining axis direction. And it includes a factory-axis direction determining means M2.
【0009】ここで、前記加工軸方向決定手段M2は、前
記製品形状データからZ軸方向座標値の小さい側と大き
い側とを調べるために、前記工具軌跡データにおける前
記加工軸方向変更部位での工具軌跡の全ての構成点につ
き構成点毎に、前記製品形状データにおける製品形状と
凸形先端形状の工具との二箇所の接点を求め、それら二
箇所の接点のZ軸方向座標値を比較するものであっても
良い。Here, the machining axis direction determining means M2 checks the machining axis direction changing portion in the tool path data in order to examine the small side and the large side of the Z axis coordinate value from the product shape data. For each of the constituent points of the tool trajectory, for each constituent point, two points of contact between the product shape and the tool having a convex tip in the product shape data are obtained, and the Z-axis coordinate values of the two points of contact are compared. It may be something.
【0010】一方この発明における前記加工軸方向決定
手段M2は、前記製品形状データからZ軸方向座標値の小
さい側と大きい側とを調べるために、前記工具軌跡デー
タにおける前記加工軸方向変更部位の領域を区画する境
界線を工具形状に応じた干渉回避距離だけ外方へオフセ
ットしてオフセット領域線を求め、そのオフセット領域
線を前記製品形状データにおける製品形状上にZ軸方向
から投影した投影領域線を所定間隔で分割し、前記投影
領域線上の複数の分割点のうちの互いに隣接する所定数
の分割点のZ軸方向座標値の和が最少となる分割点群の
ある部位を前記Z軸方向座標値の小さい側とするもので
あっても良い。On the other hand, the machining axis direction determining means M2 according to the present invention determines the machining axis direction changing portion in the tool path data in order to examine the small side and the large side of the Z axis coordinate value from the product shape data. A projection area obtained by offsetting a boundary line defining an area outward by an interference avoidance distance according to a tool shape to obtain an offset area line, and projecting the offset area line onto the product shape in the product shape data from the Z-axis direction. The line is divided at a predetermined interval, and a portion having a group of division points at which the sum of the coordinate values in the Z-axis direction of a predetermined number of division points adjacent to each other among the plurality of division points on the projection area line is minimized is defined as the Z-axis. The side having the smaller directional coordinate value may be used.
【0011】そしてこの発明における前記加工軸方向決
定手段M2は、前記工具軌跡データにおける前記加工軸方
向変更部位での工具軌跡の全ての構成点につき構成点毎
に、前記製品形状データにおける製品形状に対する、そ
の構成点におけるZ軸方向に直交する平面内での法線方
向を求めて、その法線方向をその構成点での新たな加工
軸方向の、Z軸方向軸線周りの方向に決定し、次いで前
記加工軸方向変更部位での工具軌跡の全体につき、隣接
する構成点間での前記Z軸方向軸線周りの方向の角度変
化の最も大きい構成点における前記Z軸方向軸線周りの
方向をZ軸方向軸線周り代表方向として、前記製品形状
に対するそのZ軸方向軸線周り代表方向の角度が所定許
容角度以上となる構成点の存在範囲を調べ、Z軸方向に
直交する所定方向に対する前記Z軸方向軸線周り代表方
向の角度をその調べた構成点の存在範囲についての前記
新たな加工軸方向のZ軸方向軸線周り代表角度に決定す
るとともに前記工具軌跡から前記調べた構成点の存在範
囲を除去するという分割軌跡用Z軸方向軸線周り代表角
度決定処理を、残りの工具軌跡が無くなるまで繰り返し
行うものであっても良い。In the present invention, the machining axis direction determining means M2 is provided for every component point of the tool trajectory at the machining axis direction change portion in the tool trajectory data, for each component point, for the product shape in the product shape data. The normal direction in a plane orthogonal to the Z-axis direction at the constituent point is determined, and the normal direction is determined as a direction around the Z-axis direction axis in a new machining axis direction at the constituent point, Next, the direction around the Z-axis direction axis at the configuration point where the angle change in the direction around the Z-axis direction axis between adjacent configuration points is the largest for the entire tool trajectory at the machining axis direction change portion is the Z-axis direction. As a representative direction around the direction axis, the existence range of the constituent points where the angle of the representative direction around the Z axis direction axis with respect to the product shape is equal to or larger than a predetermined allowable angle is examined, and a predetermined direction orthogonal to the Z axis direction The angle of the representative direction around the Z-axis direction axis is determined as the representative angle around the Z-axis direction axis in the new machining axis direction for the existence range of the examined component point, and the angle of the examined component point is determined from the tool path. The process of determining a representative angle around the axis of the Z-axis in the divided trajectory for removing the existing range may be repeatedly performed until there is no remaining tool trajectory.
【0012】[0012]
【作用】この発明の装置にあっては、加工軸方向変更部
位検索手段M1が、製品形状データと、加工軸方向をZ軸
方向に固定した工具軌跡データと、使用工具データとに
基づき工具干渉チェックを行って、前記工具軌跡データ
における、工具干渉の回避のために加工軸方向を変更す
る必要がある加工軸方向変更部位を検索し、次いで加工
軸方向決定手段M2が、前記工具軌跡データにおける前記
加工軸方向変更部位につき、前記製品形状データからZ
軸方向座標値の小さい側と大きい側とを調べて、Z軸方
向座標値の小さい側から大きい側へ向かう方向を求め、
その求めた方向を新たな加工軸方向に決定する。In the apparatus according to the present invention, the machining axis direction changed portion searching means M1 performs tool interference based on product shape data, tool path data in which the machining axis direction is fixed in the Z-axis direction, and tool data to be used. Perform a check, in the tool trajectory data, search for a machining axis direction change portion that needs to change the machining axis direction to avoid tool interference, then the machining axis direction determining means M2, in the tool path data For the machining axis direction change part, Z
By examining the small side and the large side of the axial direction coordinate value, a direction from the small side to the large side of the Z axis direction coordinate value is obtained,
The determined direction is determined as a new machining axis direction.
【0013】従ってこの発明の装置によれば、Z軸方向
からの加工では削り残しが発生するため加工軸方向の変
更が必要な加工部位における新たな加工軸方向を自動的
にかつ適切に決定し得て、CAMシステムのオペレータ
が切削検討の際に加工軸方向をZ軸方向に固定した加工
では削り残しが発生する加工部位につき加工部位毎に新
たな加工軸方向を逐一決定しその加工軸方向を定義する
データを作成する必要を無くすことができるので、切削
検討の際のオペレータの工数を大幅に削減することがで
きる。Therefore, according to the apparatus of the present invention, since uncut portions are generated in machining from the Z-axis direction, a new machining axis direction at a machining portion where the machining axis direction needs to be changed is automatically and appropriately determined. Then, when the operator of the CAM system considers the cutting, the machining axis direction is fixed to the Z-axis direction. In the machining where the uncut portion is generated, a new machining axis direction is determined for each machining area, and the machining axis direction is determined. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the necessity of creating data for defining cutting, so that it is possible to greatly reduce the number of man-hours of the operator when examining cutting.
【0014】しかもこの発明の装置によれば、前記加工
軸方向決定手段M2が、前記工具軌跡データにおける前記
加工軸方向変更部位での加工軸方向を、Z軸方向に直交
する軸線周りに回動させて前記Z軸方向座標値の小さい
側から大きい側へ向かうように傾斜させ、その加工軸方
向のZ軸方向に対する傾斜角度を漸次増加させつつ工具
干渉チェックを繰り返し行って工具干渉の生じなくなる
傾斜角度を求め、その傾斜角度を新たな加工軸方向のZ
軸方向に直交する軸線周りの角度に決定することから、
新たな加工軸方向のZ軸方向に直交する軸線周りの角度
を一定の角度に設定する場合と比較して、工具干渉を回
避しつつ、Z軸方向に対する新たな加工軸方向の角度を
より小さくし得るので、加工精度の低下をより少なくす
ることができる。Further, according to the apparatus of the present invention, the machining axis direction determining means M2 rotates the machining axis direction at the machining axis direction changing portion in the tool path data around an axis orthogonal to the Z axis direction. Then, the tool is tilted from the smaller side of the Z-axis direction coordinate value to the larger side, and the tool interference check is repeatedly performed while gradually increasing the inclination angle of the machining axis direction with respect to the Z-axis direction. Obtain the angle and calculate the inclination angle in the new machining axis direction.
Since the angle is determined around the axis perpendicular to the axial direction,
Compared to the case where the angle around the axis orthogonal to the Z-axis direction of the new machining axis direction is set to a constant angle, the angle of the new machining axis direction with respect to the Z-axis direction is made smaller while avoiding tool interference. Therefore, a decrease in processing accuracy can be further reduced.
【0015】なお、前記加工軸方向決定手段M2を、前記
製品形状データからZ軸方向座標値の小さい側と大きい
側とを調べるために、前記工具軌跡データにおける前記
加工軸方向変更部位での工具軌跡の全ての構成点につき
構成点毎に、前記製品形状データにおける製品形状と凸
形先端形状の工具との二箇所の接点を求め、それら二箇
所の接点のZ軸方向座標値を比較するように構成すれ
ば、前記稜線沿い加工のための工具軌跡についてZ軸方
向座標値の小さい側と大きい側とを調べる際に効率良く
調べることができる。In order to check the machining axis direction determining means M2 from the product shape data on the side having the smaller coordinate value in the Z axis direction and the side having the greater coordinate value in the tool path data, For each of the constituent points of the trajectory, for each constituent point, two points of contact between the product shape and the tool having a convex tip in the product shape data are obtained, and the Z-axis direction coordinate values of the two points of contact are compared. With this configuration, the tool trajectory for machining along the ridgeline can be efficiently examined when examining the smaller and larger Z-axis direction coordinate values.
【0016】この一方前記加工軸方向決定手段M2を、前
記製品形状データからZ軸方向座標値の小さい側と大き
い側とを調べるために、前記工具軌跡データにおける前
記加工軸方向変更部位の領域を区画する境界線を工具形
状に応じた干渉回避距離だけ外方へオフセットしてオフ
セット領域線を求め、そのオフセット領域線を前記製品
形状データにおける製品形状上にZ軸方向から投影した
投影領域線を所定間隔で分割し、前記投影領域線上の複
数の分割点のうちの互いに隣接する所定数の分割点のZ
軸方向座標値の和が最少となる分割点群のある部位を前
記Z軸方向座標値の小さい側とするように構成すれば、
前記領域加工のための工具軌跡についてZ軸方向座標値
の小さい側と大きい側とを調べる際に効率良く調べるこ
とができる。On the other hand, in order to check the machining axis direction determining means M2 from the product shape data on the smaller side and the larger side of the Z axis direction coordinate value, the area of the machining axis direction changing portion in the tool path data is determined. An offset area line is obtained by offsetting the dividing line outward by an interference avoidance distance according to the tool shape, and a projection area line obtained by projecting the offset area line onto the product shape in the product shape data from the Z-axis direction. It is divided at a predetermined interval, and Z of a predetermined number of adjacent division points among a plurality of division points on the projection area line
If a part of the division point group where the sum of the axial coordinate values is the smallest is set to the side where the Z-axis coordinate value is smaller,
The tool trajectory for the area machining can be efficiently examined when examining the smaller and larger Z-axis direction coordinate values.
【0017】そして前記加工軸方向決定手段M2を、前記
工具軌跡データにおける前記加工軸方向変更部位での工
具軌跡の全ての構成点につき構成点毎に、前記製品形状
データにおける製品形状に対する、その構成点における
Z軸方向に直交する平面内での法線方向を求めて、その
法線方向をその構成点での新たな加工軸方向の、Z軸方
向軸線周りの方向に決定し、次いで前記加工軸方向変更
部位での工具軌跡の全体につき、隣接する構成点間での
前記Z軸方向軸線周りの方向の角度変化の最も大きい構
成点における前記Z軸方向軸線周りの方向をZ軸方向軸
線周り代表方向として、前記製品形状に対するそのZ軸
方向軸線周り代表方向の角度が所定許容角度以上となる
構成点の存在範囲を調べ、Z軸方向に直交する所定方向
に対する前記Z軸方向軸線周り代表方向の角度をその調
べた構成点の存在範囲についての前記新たな加工軸方向
のZ軸方向軸線周り代表角度に決定するとともに前記工
具軌跡から前記調べた構成点の存在範囲を除去するとい
う分割軌跡用Z軸方向軸線周り代表角度決定処理を、残
りの工具軌跡が無くなるまで繰り返し行うように構成す
れば、前記加工軸方向変更部位での工具軌跡の全体を、
一定の加工軸方向で加工し得る範囲毎に分割して、それ
らの分割軌跡の各々につき前記Z軸方向軸線周り代表角
度を決定し得るので、それらの分割軌跡の各々で加工す
る間、新たな加工軸方向の、X軸やY軸等のZ軸方向に
直交する所定方向に対する前記Z軸方向軸線周りの方向
の角度を一定のZ軸方向軸線周り代表角度に維持し得
て、工具軌跡が曲線を描いている場合にその工具軌跡の
構成点毎に新たな加工軸方向のZ軸方向軸線周りの角度
を変更しなくても適正に加工を行うことができ、それゆ
え実際の加工の際の加工時間を短縮することができる。The machining axis direction determining means M2 is provided for each component point of the tool trajectory at the machining axis direction change portion in the tool trajectory data, for each component point, for the product shape in the product shape data. A normal direction in a plane orthogonal to the Z-axis direction at the point is obtained, and the normal direction is determined as a new processing axis direction at the constituent point, around the Z-axis direction. With respect to the entire tool path at the axial change portion, the direction around the Z-axis direction at the component point where the angle change in the direction around the Z-axis direction between the adjacent component points is the largest is defined around the Z-axis direction axis. As the representative direction, the existence range of the constituent points where the angle of the representative direction about the Z-axis direction axis with respect to the product shape is equal to or larger than a predetermined allowable angle is examined, and the Z-axis in a predetermined direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction is examined. The angle in the representative direction around the direction axis is determined to be the representative angle around the Z-axis direction axis in the new machining axis direction for the existence range of the examined component point, and the existence range of the examined component point is removed from the tool path. By performing the process of determining the representative angle around the Z-axis direction axis for the divided trajectory to be repeated until the remaining tool trajectory disappears, the entire tool trajectory at the machining axis direction change portion is
Since it is possible to divide each of the divided trajectories and determine the representative angle around the Z-axis direction axis for each of the divided trajectories, new machining is performed during each of the divided trajectories. In the machining axis direction, an angle in a direction around the Z-axis direction axis with respect to a predetermined direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction such as the X-axis or the Y-axis can be maintained at a constant representative angle around the Z-axis direction axis. In the case of drawing a curve, machining can be performed properly without changing the angle around the Z-axis in the new machining axis direction for each component point of the tool path, and therefore, in actual machining, Processing time can be shortened.
【0018】[0018]
【実施例】以下に、この発明の実施例を図面に基づき詳
細に説明する。図2は、金型形状加工用CAMシステム
に適用した、この発明の加工軸方向決定装置の、特に稜
線沿い加工に適した一実施例の構成を示す説明図であ
り、この実施例の装置は、前述した通常のCAMシステ
ムを構成するコンピューターの作動プログラムの一部を
改造してそのCAMシステムに付加したもので、図2に
示す如く、前記加工軸方向変更部位検索手段M1に相当す
る加工軸方向変更部位検索部1と、前記加工軸方向決定
手段M2に相当する加工軸方向決定部2とを具えてなる。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a machining axis direction determining apparatus of the present invention applied to a CAM system for mold shape machining, particularly suitable for machining along a ridge line. A part of the operation program of the computer constituting the above-mentioned normal CAM system is modified and added to the CAM system. As shown in FIG. The apparatus includes a direction changing portion search unit 1 and a processing axis direction determining unit 2 corresponding to the processing axis direction determining unit M2.
【0019】ここで、上記加工軸方向変更部位検索部1
は、型形状切削用数値モデルファイル3と、加工技術デ
ータベース(D/B)ファイル4と、稜線沿い工具軌跡
ファイル5とからデータをそれぞれ入力して、図3
(a)に示すように、前述した稜線沿い加工のための稜
線沿い工具軌跡において工具Tと型形状切削用数値モデ
ルMとの工具干渉の回避のために加工軸方向を変更する
必要がある部位を自動検索する。そして上記加工軸方向
決定部2は、先ず図3(b)に示すように、上記加工軸
方向の変更が必要な部位の工具軌跡の全ての構成点につ
いて構成点毎の新たな加工軸方向DC1,DC2,DC3,D
C4・・を決定し、次いで図3(c)に示すように、その
加工軸方向の変更が必要な部位の工具軌跡の全体を、一
定の代表加工軸方向で加工し得る範囲毎に分割して、分
割軌跡毎の代表加工軸方向DR1,DR2・・を決定し、そ
れらの代表加工軸方向をZ軸方向から変更する新たな加
工軸方向とした加工軸方向変更済み稜線沿い工具軌跡デ
ータを上記稜線沿い工具軌跡ファイル5へ出力する。Here, the machining axis direction changed portion search section 1
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the input of data from a numerical model file 3 for cutting a die shape, a machining technology database (D / B) file 4, and a tool path file 5 along a ridge line.
As shown in (a), a part where the machining axis direction needs to be changed in order to avoid tool interference between the tool T and the numerical model M for cutting a mold in the tool path along the ridge line for machining along the ridge line described above. Search automatically. Then, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the machining axis direction determining unit 2 first obtains a new machining axis direction D for each of the component points of the tool trajectory of the portion where the machining axis direction needs to be changed. C1 , DC2 , DC3 , D
Determine the C4 · ·, then as shown in FIG. 3 (c), by dividing the whole of the working axis of the tool path portions that need to be changed, for each range that can be processed at a certain representative machining axis ··· Determine the representative machining axis directions D R1 , D R2 ... For each of the divided trajectories, and change the representative machining axis directions from the Z-axis direction to new machining axis directions. The data is output to the tool path file 5 along the ridge line.
【0020】ところで、一般に金型等の高剛性製品を切
削加工するNC工作機械は、工具支持剛性の確保や切粉
の容易な排除等のため、そのNC工作機械の3次元座標
系における垂直方向(Z軸方向)へ延在する主軸を具え
る場合が多く、かかるNC工作機械における加工軸方向
の変更は通常、図4(a)に示すように主軸の下端部に
方向可変に連結した工具Tの加工軸方向をZ軸方向に直
交する軸線B周りに変更する、NC工作機械のいわゆる
B軸角度の変更と、図4(b)に示すようにその工具T
の加工軸方向をZ軸方向へ延在する軸線C周りに変更す
る、NC工作機械のいわゆるC軸角度の変更とによって
行うので、加工軸方向をZ軸方向から変更すると、新た
な加工軸方向のZ軸方向に対する角度の増加に応じて工
具支持剛性が低下し、ひいては加工精度が低下する。ま
た加工軸方向を変更すると、工具経路を変更する必要も
生じ、かかる工具経路の変更は工具経路ひいては加工時
間の延長をもたらす。一方、工具長を長くすることでも
工具干渉を回避できる場合があり、工具長を長くした場
合にもそれに応じて工具自体の剛性が低下し、ひいては
加工精度が低下するが、工具長を長くしただけの場合に
は工具経路の変更を伴わないので、加工時間が延長され
ることはない。By the way, in general, an NC machine tool for cutting a highly rigid product such as a die is provided in a three-dimensional coordinate system of the NC machine tool in order to secure tool support rigidity and easily remove chips. In many cases, the NC machine tool is provided with a spindle extending in the (Z-axis direction), and the change in the machining axis direction in such an NC machine tool is usually performed by a tool variably connected to the lower end of the spindle as shown in FIG. A change in the so-called B-axis angle of the NC machine tool, which changes the machining axis direction of T around an axis B orthogonal to the Z-axis direction, and as shown in FIG.
Is changed around the axis C extending in the Z-axis direction by changing the so-called C-axis angle of the NC machine tool. Therefore, when the machining axis direction is changed from the Z-axis direction, a new machining axis direction is obtained. As the angle increases with respect to the Z-axis direction, the tool support rigidity decreases, and the machining accuracy decreases. Further, when the direction of the machining axis is changed, it is necessary to change the tool path, and such a change in the tool path results in extension of the tool path and, consequently, the machining time. On the other hand, in some cases, tool interference can be avoided by increasing the tool length, and when the tool length is increased, the rigidity of the tool itself is reduced accordingly, and the machining accuracy is reduced, but the tool length is increased. In this case, the machining time is not extended because no change in the tool path is involved.
【0021】それゆえこの実施例の装置では、先ず、加
工軸方向をZ軸方向に維持し、工具長を使用可能な種類
中で短いものから長いものへ逐次変更しつつ工具干渉チ
ェックを行って、工具干渉を回避し得る範囲で可能な限
り短い工具長の種類を用いることとし、かかる工具長の
変更だけでは工具干渉を回避できない場合は、次に、工
具長を短いものから長いものへ順次に変更しながら、Z
軸方向に対する新たな加工軸方向の角度を逐次増加させ
つつ工具干渉チェックを行って、工具干渉を回避し得る
範囲で、Z軸方向に対する新たな加工軸方向の角度を可
能な限り小さくし、かつ可能な限り短い工具長の種類を
用いることとする。またこの実施例の装置では、Z軸方
向から変更する新たな加工軸方向を、図4(a)に示す
Z軸方向に対する工具Tの加工軸方向の上記軸線B周り
の角度であるB軸角度αと、図4(b)に示すZ軸方向
に直交する所定方向(C軸角度の基準方向であり図示例
ではX軸方向)に対する工具Tの加工軸方向の上記軸線
C周りの角度であるC軸角度βとの組み合わせによって
規定する。Therefore, in the apparatus of this embodiment, first, the machining axis direction is maintained in the Z-axis direction, and the tool interference check is performed while sequentially changing the tool length from the shortest to the longest among the usable types. However, if the type of tool length is as short as possible to the extent that tool interference can be avoided, and if such tool length change alone cannot avoid tool interference, then the tool length should be changed from shortest to longest. While changing to Z
A tool interference check is performed while sequentially increasing the angle of the new machining axis direction with respect to the axis direction, and the angle of the new machining axis direction with respect to the Z axis direction is made as small as possible within a range where tool interference can be avoided, and Use the shortest possible tool length type. In the apparatus of this embodiment, a new machining axis direction changed from the Z axis direction is a B axis angle which is an angle around the axis B in the machining axis direction of the tool T with respect to the Z axis direction shown in FIG. α and the angle around the axis C in the machining axis direction of the tool T with respect to a predetermined direction (a reference direction of the C-axis angle and the X-axis direction in the illustrated example) perpendicular to the Z-axis direction shown in FIG. It is defined by a combination with the C-axis angle β.
【0022】具体的には、先ず上記加工軸方向変更部位
検索部1が、CADシステムが作成した金型の3次元形
状データ(CADデータ)から上記CAMシステムが3
次元点列データに変換した、例えば図5に示す如き、金
型形状を定義した型形状切削用数値モデル(ソリッドモ
デル)のデータ(CAMデータ)を上記型形状切削用数
値モデルファイル3から入力するとともに、例えば図4
(c)に示すボールエンドミルや図4(d)に示すスク
エアエンドミルや図4(e)に示すテーパーミル等の当
該稜線沿い加工で使用する切削工具の種類およびその使
用する工具の工具径や図4(f)に示す如きアタッチメ
ント外径d1 やアーバ外径d2 やアーバ高さHや工具つ
きだし長さLや逃げ幅tや切削条件等を規定した工具デ
ータを上記加工技術D/Bファイル4から入力し、さら
に上記CAMシステムが上記CAMデータから作成し
た、例えば図6に簡略に示す如き、原点P0 から出発し
て図中破線で示す送り経路で送り移動するとともに図中
実線で示す加工経路で稜線沿い加工を行って原点P0 へ
戻る工具軌跡CLのデータを上記稜線沿い工具軌跡ファイ
ル5から入力する。More specifically, first, the machining axis direction changed portion searching unit 1 uses the three-dimensional shape data (CAD data) of the mold created by the CAD system to generate the three-dimensional CAM system.
As shown in FIG. 5, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, data (CAM data) of a mold shape cutting numerical model (solid model) converted into dimensional point sequence data is input from the mold shape cutting numerical model file 3. And, for example, FIG.
Types of cutting tools used for machining along the ridge line, such as a ball end mill shown in FIG. 4C, a square end mill shown in FIG. 4D, and a taper mill shown in FIG. 4 the tool data defining a such attachment outside diameter d 1 and arbor outer diameter d 2 and the arbor height H and the tool overhang length L and relief width t and cutting conditions shown in (f) above processing techniques D / B and input from a file 4, further the CAM system created from the CAM data, for example as shown schematically in FIG. 6, in solid line in the drawing with a moving feed in the feed path indicated by broken line in the drawing, starting from the origin P 0 The data of the tool trajectory CL for performing machining along the ridge line along the indicated machining path and returning to the origin P 0 is input from the tool trajectory file 5 along the ridge line.
【0023】そして上記加工軸方向変更部位検索部1
は、上記入力したデータに基づいて図7に示す手順で加
工軸方向変更部位検索処理を行い、この処理では、先ず
ステップ11で、上記加工技術D/Bファイル中の工具テ
ーブルから、例えば図8(a)に示す工具長L1 のT1
(タイプ1)や工具長L2 のT2 (タイプ2)や工具長
L3 のT3 (タイプ3)の如き、指定された工具径の切
削工具の使用可能な工具長の種類を求め、続くステップ
12で、その使用可能な工具長の種類に基づき工具長の短
い工具から順次、加工軸方向をZ軸方向に固定した状態
で上記稜線沿い工具軌跡に沿って工具を移動させて工具
干渉チェックを行って、例えば図8(b)に示すように
上記T3 やT2 では上記型形状切削用数値モデルMに対
し工具干渉が生ずるが上記T1 では工具干渉が生じない
場合にT1 (タイプ1)を使用するというように、工具
干渉の生じない範囲内で最も短い工具長の種類を求め
る。Then, the machining axis direction changed portion search section 1
Performs a machining axis direction changed part search process in the procedure shown in FIG. 7 on the basis of the input data. In this process, first, in step 11, from the tool table in the machining technology D / B file, for example, as shown in FIG. T 1 of the tool length L 1 shown in (a)
(Type 1) or such as tool length L 2 of the T 2 (Type 2) and T 3 of the tool length L 3 (Type 3), determine the type of the usable tool length of the cutting tool of a given tool diameter, Next steps
At 12, the tool interference check is performed by moving the tool along the tool path along the ridgeline in the state where the machining axis direction is fixed in the Z-axis direction sequentially from the tool having the shorter tool length based on the available tool length type. carried, for example FIG. 8 in the case where the T 3 and T 2 in the shape cutting numerical model M as shown in (b) the tool interference caused to it in the tool interference above T 1 is no T 1 (type By using 1), the type of the shortest tool length within a range where tool interference does not occur is determined.
【0024】しかして上記ステップ12で工具干渉チェッ
クを行った結果、先に入力した使用可能な工具長の種類
中に工具干渉の生じない工具長がある場合には、加工軸
方向を変更しないことにしてステップ13で当該処理を終
了するが、その使用可能な工具長の種類中の最も工具長
の長い工具(例えば上記T1 )でも工具干渉が生じてし
まって、図8(c)に示す如く工具干渉の生じない工具
長の工具が無い場合には、ステップ13からステップ14へ
進んで、加工軸方向の変更を決定するとともに上記稜線
沿い工具軌跡のうちの工具干渉の発生する一または複数
の部位をそれぞれ、図8(d)に矢印で示す如く工具T
の加工軸方向をZ軸方向から変更する必要がある加工軸
方向変更部位として記録して、当該処理を終了する。If the result of the tool interference check in step 12 shows that there is a tool length that does not cause tool interference among the types of usable tool lengths previously input, the machining axis direction should not be changed. Then, the process is terminated in step 13, but even if the tool has the longest tool length (for example, T 1 ) among the available tool lengths, tool interference occurs, and the tool interference is shown in FIG. If there is no tool having a tool length that does not cause tool interference as described above, the process proceeds from step 13 to step 14 to determine a change in the machining axis direction and to determine one or more of tool trajectories along the ridge line where tool interference occurs. 8 (d) as shown by arrows in FIG.
The processing axis direction is recorded as a processing axis direction change portion that needs to be changed from the Z axis direction, and the process ends.
【0025】次いでここでは上記加工軸方向決定部2
が、上記処理によって記録した加工軸方向変更部位につ
き、図9に示す手順で構成点単位加工軸方向決定処理を
行い、この処理では、先ずステップ21で、その加工軸方
向変更部位の工具軌跡を構成している構成点毎に、図10
(a)に示すように、上記型形状切削用数値モデルMと
凸形先端形状の工具(例えば前記ボールエンドミル)T
との二箇所の接点CP1 ,CP2 を求め、続くステップ22
で、それら二箇所の接点CP1 ,CP2 のZ軸方向座標値を
比較して、その構成点での工具軌跡に対し、Z軸方向座
標値の高い方の接点(図では接点CP1 )がある側を山
側、反対側を谷側とみなす。Next, here, the machining axis direction determining section 2
However, with respect to the machining axis direction changed portion recorded by the above process, a component point unit machining axis direction determination process is performed according to the procedure shown in FIG. 9. In this process, first, in step 21, the tool trajectory of the machining axis direction changed portion is determined. For each of the constituent points,
As shown in (a), a numerical model M for cutting the die shape and a tool (for example, the ball end mill) T having a convex tip shape are used.
Are obtained at two points CP 1 and CP 2 , and the following step 22
Then, the Z-axis direction coordinate values of the two contact points CP 1 and CP 2 are compared, and the contact point having the higher Z-axis direction coordinate value (contact point CP 1 in the figure) with respect to the tool path at the component point One side is regarded as a mountain side and the other side is regarded as a valley side.
【0026】続くステップ23では、上記各構成点におい
て、図10(b)に示すように、Z軸方向に直交する平面
である水平面内における、その構成点での工具軌跡CLに
対する法線方向すなわち、その構成点の両側に連なる工
具軌跡CLに対する角度が等しくなる方向あるいは、構成
点が工具軌跡CLの端部に位置する場合はその構成点の片
側に連なる工具軌跡CLに対して直角な方向を求めて、上
記山側から谷側へ向かう法線方向DCUと上記谷側から山
側へ向かう法線方向DCLとの二種類の法線方向を求め、
その後のステップ24では、図10(c)に示すように、そ
れら二種類の法線方向DCU,DCLのうち、工具干渉を回
避して谷側から加工し得る方である上記谷側から山側へ
向かう法線方向DCLを選択して、その谷側から山側へ向
かう法線方向DCLを当該構成点での新たな加工軸方向に
決定する。In the subsequent step 23, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), in each of the above-mentioned constituent points, the normal direction to the tool path CL at the constituent point in a horizontal plane which is a plane orthogonal to the Z-axis direction, ie, The direction in which the angle to the tool path CL connected to both sides of the constituent point is equal, or the direction perpendicular to the tool path CL connected to one side of the constituent point when the constituent point is located at the end of the tool path CL determined, determine the two types of normal direction and the normal direction D CL toward the normal direction D CU and the valley toward the valley from the mountain side to the mountain side,
In the subsequent step 24, as shown in FIG. 10 (c), of the two types of normal directions D CU and DC L , which can be machined from the valley side while avoiding tool interference. select normal direction D CL toward the mountain side, to determine the normal direction D CL directed from the valley side to the mountain side to the new processing direction with the component points.
【0027】そして次のステップ25では、未処理の構成
点の有無を判断し、未処理の構成点が有る場合にはステ
ップ21へ戻る。これによりここでは、上記ステップ21〜
ステップ24が、上記加工軸方向変更部位の工具軌跡を構
成している全ての構成点分繰り返して行われ、かかる構
成点単位加工軸方向決定処理により、図10(d)に示す
ように、上記加工軸方向変更部位の全ての構成点につき
構成点毎の新たな加工軸方向DC5〜DC8が自動的に求ま
る。但しこの段階では、新たな加工軸方向の前述したB
軸角度αはB軸周りに工具軌跡のどちら側にするかだけ
定まっていてその具体的な角度は未だ定まっていず、ま
た前述したC軸角度βも構成点毎に独立に定まってい
る。In the next step 25, it is determined whether there is any unprocessed component point, and if there is an unprocessed component point, the process returns to step 21. As a result, here, steps 21 to
Step 24 is repeatedly performed for all the constituent points constituting the tool trajectory of the machining axis direction changing portion. As a result of the processing for determining the machining axis direction per component point, as shown in FIG. New processing axis directions D C5 to D C8 are automatically obtained for all the constituent points of the processing axis direction changing portion for each of the constituent points. However, at this stage, the aforementioned B in the new machining axis direction
The axis angle α is determined only on which side of the tool path around the B axis, the specific angle is not yet determined, and the aforementioned C axis angle β is also determined independently for each constituent point.
【0028】それゆえ、上記加工軸方向決定部2は、次
いで、図11に示す手順で分割軌跡用代表加工軸方向設定
処理を行い、この処理では、先ずステップ31で、例えば
図12(a)に示すB軸角度αをα1 とするTA (タイプ
A)やB軸角度αをα2 とするTB (タイプB)やB軸
角度αをα3 とするTC (タイプC)の如き、B軸角度
αについての選択パターンを設定し、続くステップ32
で、加工軸方向の、上記軸線C周りの方向の、製品形状
を表す上記型形状切削用数値モデルMの表面Pに対する
角度の許容限度を設定する。これにより、例えばその許
容限度を45°とした場合には、図12(b)に示すよう
に、工具Tの加工軸方向の、上記軸線C周りの方向の、
上記表面Pに対する角度が、44°では不可となるが、50
°ではOKとなる。なお、上記選択パターンや上記許容
限度の設定は、この実施例の装置が前記加工技術D/B
ファイル4からあらかじめ定められた値を自動的に読み
込んで行っても良く、あるいは該CAMシステムを操作
するオペレータがこの実施例の装置にマニュアル操作で
入力して行っても良い。Therefore, the machining axis direction determining unit 2 then performs a representative machining axis direction setting process for the divided trajectory in the procedure shown in FIG. 11, and in this process, first in step 31, for example, FIG. and T a (type a) and T B (type B) or B-axis angle alpha the alpha 3 of the B-axis angle alpha and alpha 2 of the B-axis angle alpha and alpha 1 shown in T C (type C) A selection pattern for the B-axis angle α is set,
Then, the allowable limit of the angle in the machining axis direction and around the axis C with respect to the surface P of the mold shape cutting numerical model M representing the product shape is set. Thereby, for example, when the allowable limit is set to 45 °, as shown in FIG.
If the angle with respect to the surface P is 44 °, it becomes impossible.
° is OK. The setting of the selection pattern and the permissible limit is performed by the apparatus of this embodiment using the processing technology D / B.
A predetermined value may be automatically read from the file 4, or may be input manually by an operator operating the CAM system into the apparatus of this embodiment.
【0029】次のステップ33では、先にステップ24で求
めた、加工軸方向変更部位にて工具軌跡CLを構成してい
る各構成点での加工軸方向のC軸角度βを、その構成点
に隣接する構成点での加工軸方向のC軸角度βと比較し
て、そのC軸角度βの変化量が最も大きい部位の構成点
を検索し、図12(c)に示すように、そのC軸角度βの
変化量が最大の部位の構成点での加工軸方向を代表加工
軸方向DR とするとともに、その代表加工軸方向DR の
C軸角度βを代表C軸角度(Z軸方向軸線周り代表角
度)とする。そして次のステップ34では、図12(d)に
示すように、その代表加工軸方向DR の、軸線C周りの
方向(Z軸方向軸線周り代表方向)の、上記型形状切削
用数値モデルMの表面Pに対する角度が上記許容限度以
上(OK)となる構成点の存在範囲Wを、上記変化量が
最大の部位から工具軌跡CLの両方向に求めて、上記代表
加工軸方向DR および代表C軸角度をその求めた存在範
囲Wについての代表加工軸方向DR および代表C軸角度
に決定し、続くステップ35では、図12(e)に示すよう
に、上記工具軌跡CLから、上記代表加工軸方向DR およ
び代表C軸角度を決定した存在範囲Wを除去する。In the next step 33, the C-axis angle β in the processing axis direction at each of the constituent points forming the tool path CL at the processing axis direction changed portion, which was previously obtained in step 24, is used as the constituent point. In comparison with the C-axis angle β in the machining axis direction at the constitutive point adjacent to, the constitutive point of the portion where the change amount of the C-axis angle β is the largest is searched, and as shown in FIG. with the variation in the C-axis angle β is a representative work axis D R machining axis in the configuration point of maximum site, C-axis angle β representative C-axis angle of the representative processing axis D R (Z-axis (Representative angle around the direction axis). Then, in a next step 34, as shown in FIG. 12 (d), of the representative processing direction D R, the direction about the axis C of the (Z-axis axis around the representative direction), the shape cutting numerical model M the existence range W configuration point angle relative to the surface P of equal to or greater than the allowable limit (OK), the amount of change is determined from the maximum of the site in both directions of the tool path CL, the representative working axis D R and the representative C determines the axial angle to the representative processing direction D R and the representative C-axis angle of the determined existence range W, the following step 35, as shown in FIG. 12 (e), from the tool path CL, the representative processing axial D R and existing range W of determining the representative C-axis angle is removed.
【0030】そして次のステップ36では、工具軌跡CLの
残りの有無を判断し、工具軌跡CLの残りが有る場合には
ステップ33へ戻る。これによりここでは、分割軌跡用Z
軸方向軸線周り代表角度決定処理としての上記ステップ
33〜ステップ35の分割軌跡用代表C軸角度決定処理が、
上記加工軸方向変更部位の工具軌跡CLが無くなるまで繰
り返して行われ、かかる分割軌跡用代表加工軸方向設定
処理により、工具軌跡CLを一つのC軸角度βで加工でき
る範囲である上記範囲W毎に分割した分割軌跡毎の上記
代表加工軸方向DR および代表C軸角度が自動的に求ま
る。In the next step 36, it is determined whether or not there is a remaining tool path CL. If there is a remaining tool path CL, the process returns to step 33. Accordingly, here, the divided trajectory Z
The above steps as a process for determining the representative angle around the axial axis
The representative C-axis angle determination processing for the divided trajectory from step 33 to step 35
This processing is repeatedly performed until the tool path CL of the processing axis direction change portion disappears, and the representative processing axis direction setting processing for the divided path enables the tool path CL to be processed at one C-axis angle β. automatically determined is the representative processing direction D R and the representative C-axis angle of each divided track divided into.
【0031】しかる後、上記加工軸方向決定部2は、図
13に示す手順で加工軸方向最終決定処理を行い、この処
理では、先ずステップ37で、先にステップ11で行ったと
同様に、指定された工具径の切削工具の使用可能な工具
長の種類を求め、続くステップ38で、上記B軸角度α
を、先にステップ31で設定した選択パターンのうちの一
つ(該ステップの初回実行時には、上記選択パターンの
うちの最少の角度、例えば前述した角度α1 )に設定
し、続くステップ39で、上記ステップ37で求めた使用可
能な工具長の種類のうちの一つ(該ステップの初回実行
時には、上記使用可能な工具長のうちの最も短い工具長
の種類、例えば前述したTC )の工具を用いて、上記各
加工軸方向変更部位での加工軸方向を上記設定したB軸
角度αおよび先に求めた分割軌跡毎の代表C軸角度で規
定される方向に変更した状態で、先にステップ12で行っ
たと同様にして、上記稜線沿い工具軌跡に沿って工具を
移動させて工具干渉チェックを行う。Thereafter, the machining axis direction determining unit 2
In the process shown in FIG. 13, the final determination process in the machining axis direction is performed. In this process, first, in step 37, the type of the usable tool length of the cutting tool having the designated tool diameter is determined in the same manner as in step 11. In step 38, the B-axis angle α
Is set to one of the selection patterns previously set in step 31 (at the first execution of the step, the minimum angle of the selection patterns, for example, the above-described angle α 1 ), and in the subsequent step 39, A tool of one of the types of usable tool lengths obtained in step 37 (at the time of the first execution of this step, the shortest type of tool length among the available tool lengths, for example, T C described above) In the state where the machining axis direction at each machining axis direction change portion is changed to the direction defined by the set B-axis angle α and the previously obtained representative C-axis angle for each divided trajectory, The tool interference check is performed by moving the tool along the tool path along the ridgeline in the same manner as performed in step 12.
【0032】しかして上記ステップ39で工具干渉チェッ
クを行った結果、工具干渉が生じなかった場合には、そ
の工具干渉チェック時のB軸角度αおよび代表C軸角度
で規定される方向を新たな加工軸方向に最終決定するこ
ととしてステップ40で当該処理を終了するが、上記工具
干渉チェックで工具干渉が生じてしまった場合には、ス
テップ40からステップ41へ進んで、次に、B軸角度αの
変更が可能か否かを判断する。そして上記選択パターン
中に次に小さい角度がある場合には、ステップ42で、そ
の角度にB軸角度αを変更することとして、そこから上
記ステップ38へ戻るが、例えば上記工具干渉チェックの
時のB軸角度αが最大の角度α3 であった場合によう
に、次に小さい角度が選択パターン中にない場合には、
ステップ41からステップ43へ進む。If the result of the tool interference check in step 39 is that no tool interference occurs, the direction defined by the B-axis angle α and the representative C-axis angle at the time of the tool interference check is changed to a new direction. The process is terminated in step 40 as the final determination in the machining axis direction. However, if tool interference has occurred in the tool interference check, the process proceeds from step 40 to step 41, and then the B-axis angle It is determined whether α can be changed. If the next smaller angle is present in the selected pattern, the B-axis angle α is changed to that angle in step 42, and the process returns to step 38. If the next smaller angle is not in the selection pattern, such as when the B-axis angle α is the maximum angle α 3 ,
Proceed from step 41 to step 43.
【0033】ステップ33では、さらに、工具長の変更が
可能か否かを判断し、上記使用可能な工具長の種類中に
次に短い工具長の種類がある場合には、ステップ44で、
その工具長の種類に工具長を変更することとして、そこ
から上記ステップ38へ戻り、再び上記選択パターンのう
ちの最少の角度をB軸角度αとするとともに上記次に短
い工具長の種類に工具長を変更して工具干渉チェックを
行う。一方ステップ43で、例えば上記工具干渉チェック
の時の工具長の種類が最長の種類T1 であった場合によ
うに、次に短い工具長の種類が上記使用可能な工具長の
種類中にない場合には、ステップ43からステップ45へ進
んで、その工具干渉を回避し得なかった部位については
マニュアル加工を行うこととして当該処理を終了する。In step 33, it is further determined whether or not the tool length can be changed. If the next available tool length type is the next shorter tool length type, in step 44,
The tool length is changed to the type of the tool length. Then, the process returns to the step 38, the minimum angle of the selected pattern is again set to the B-axis angle α, and the tool is changed to the next shortest tool type. Change the length and perform a tool interference check. On the other hand in step 43, for example, the tool length type when the tool interference checking as if were the longest type T 1, the type of the next short tool length is not in the type of the usable tool length In this case, the process proceeds from step 43 to step 45, and the processing is terminated by performing manual machining for the part that could not avoid the tool interference.
【0034】しかる後、上記実施例の装置は、先に上記
稜線沿い工具軌跡ファイル5から入力した稜線沿い工具
軌跡を含む工具軌跡CLのデータにおける、上記各加工軸
方向変更部位での加工軸方向をそれぞれ、Z軸方向か
ら、最終決定した上記新たな加工軸方向に変更し、その
加工軸方向変更済みの稜線沿い工具軌跡データを上記稜
線沿い工具軌跡ファイル5へ出力する。Thereafter, the apparatus according to the above-described embodiment uses the tool axis CL data including the tool path along the ridge line input from the tool path file 5 along the ridge line beforehand to determine the machining axis direction at each of the machining axis direction changing portions. Are respectively changed from the Z-axis direction to the newly determined new machining axis direction, and the tool axis data along the ridge line whose machining axis direction has been changed is output to the tool path file 5 along the ridge line.
【0035】上述の如くして上記実施例の装置によれ
ば、稜線沿い加工での、Z軸方向からの加工では削り残
しが発生するため加工軸方向の変更が必要な加工部位に
おける新たな加工軸方向を自動的にかつ適切に決定し得
て、CAMシステムのオペレータが切削検討の際に加工
軸方向をZ軸方向に固定した加工では削り残しが発生す
る加工部位につき加工部位毎に新たな加工軸方向を逐一
決定しその加工軸方向を定義するデータを作成する必要
を無くすことができるので、切削検討の際のオペレータ
の工数を大幅に削減することができる。As described above, according to the apparatus of the above-described embodiment, when machining along the ridge line, machining is performed from the Z-axis direction, and uncut portions are generated. The axis direction can be automatically and appropriately determined, and the operator of the CAM system sets a new machining axis for each machining area where machining remains where machining remains in the machining axis direction fixed in the Z-axis direction during cutting examination. Since it is not necessary to determine the machining axis direction one by one and to create data defining the machining axis direction, it is possible to greatly reduce the man-hours of the operator when studying cutting.
【0036】しかも上記実施例の装置によれば、加工軸
方向のZ軸方向に対する傾斜角度を漸次増加させつつ工
具干渉チェックを繰り返し行って工具干渉の生じなくな
る傾斜角度を求め、その傾斜角度を新たな加工軸方向の
Z軸方向に直交する軸線B周りの角度に決定するので、
新たな加工軸方向のB軸角度を一定の角度に設定する場
合と比較して、工具干渉を回避しつつ、Z軸方向に対す
る新たな加工軸方向の角度をより小さくし得て、加工精
度の低下をより少なくすることができる。Further, according to the apparatus of the above embodiment, the tool interference check is repeated while gradually increasing the inclination angle of the machining axis direction with respect to the Z axis direction, and the inclination angle at which tool interference does not occur is obtained. Is determined around the axis B perpendicular to the Z-axis direction of the machining axis direction.
Compared to the case where the B-axis angle in the new machining axis direction is set to a fixed angle, the angle of the new machining axis direction with respect to the Z-axis direction can be made smaller while avoiding tool interference, and the machining accuracy can be reduced. The reduction can be less.
【0037】また上記実施例の装置によれば、型形状切
削用数値モデルMからZ軸方向座標値の小さい側と大き
い側とを調べるために、工具軌跡データにおける加工軸
方向変更部位での工具軌跡CLの全ての構成点につき構成
点毎に、数値モデルMにおける表面Pと凸形先端形状の
工具Tとの二箇所の接点を求め、それら二箇所の接点の
Z軸方向座標値を比較するので、稜線沿い加工のための
工具軌跡についてZ軸方向座標値の小さい谷側と大きい
山側とを調べる際に、効率良く調べることができる。Further, according to the apparatus of the above-described embodiment, in order to examine the small side and the large side of the coordinate value in the Z-axis direction from the numerical model M for cutting a die, the tool at the machining axis direction changing portion in the tool path data is checked. For each of the constituent points of the trajectory CL, for each constituent point, two points of contact between the surface P and the tool T having a convex tip shape in the numerical model M are obtained, and the Z-axis direction coordinate values of the two points of contact are compared. Therefore, when examining the tool trajectory for machining along the ridge line on the valley side and the ridge side with the large coordinate value in the Z-axis direction, the tool trajectory can be efficiently examined.
【0038】そして上記実施例の装置によれば、加工軸
方向変更部位での工具軌跡CLの全体を、一定の加工軸方
向で加工し得る範囲W毎に分割して、それらの分割軌跡
の各々につき代表加工方向DR および代表C軸角度を決
定するので、それらの分割軌跡の各々で加工する間、新
たな加工軸方向のC軸角度βを一定の代表角度に維持し
得て、工具軌跡が曲線を描いている場合にその工具軌跡
の構成点毎に新たな加工軸方向のZ軸方向軸線周りの角
度を変更しなくても適正に加工を行うことができ、それ
ゆえ実際の加工の際の加工時間を短縮することができ
る。According to the apparatus of the above embodiment, the entire tool locus CL at the machining axis direction changing portion is divided for each range W which can be machined in a constant machining axis direction, and each of these divided locuses is , The representative machining direction D R and the representative C-axis angle are determined, so that the C-axis angle β in the new machining axis direction can be maintained at a constant representative angle while machining is performed on each of the divided trajectories, and the tool trajectory can be maintained. Can be properly machined without changing the angle around the Z-axis in the new machining axis direction for each constituent point of the tool path when Processing time can be shortened.
【0039】図14は、金型形状加工用CAMシステムに
適用した、この発明の加工軸方向決定装置の、特に領域
加工に適した他の一実施例が行う加工軸方向変更部位検
索処理を示すフローチャートであり、この実施例の装置
も先の実施例の装置と同様、前述した通常のCAMシス
テムを構成するコンピューターの作動プログラムの一部
を改造してそのCAMシステムに付加したもので、前記
加工軸方向変更部位検索手段M1に相当する加工軸方向変
更部位検索部と、前記加工軸方向決定手段M2に相当する
加工軸方向決定部とを具えてなる。FIG. 14 shows a machining axis direction changing portion search process performed by another embodiment particularly suitable for area machining of the machining axis direction determining apparatus of the present invention applied to a CAM system for mold shape machining. This is a flowchart, similar to the apparatus of the previous embodiment, in which a part of the operation program of the computer constituting the above-mentioned ordinary CAM system is modified and added to the CAM system. It is provided with a machining axis direction changing portion searching unit corresponding to the axial direction changing portion searching means M1, and a machining axis direction determining unit corresponding to the machining axis direction determining means M2.
【0040】ここで、上記加工軸方向変更部位検索部
は、先の実施例と異なり、図14に示すように、型形状切
削用数値モデルファイル3および加工技術データベース
(D/B)ファイル4からデータを入力するとともに領
域加工工具軌跡ファイル6からデータを入力して、前述
した領域加工のための領域加工工具軌跡において工具T
と型形状切削用数値モデルMとの工具干渉の回避のため
に加工軸方向を変更する必要がある部位を自動検索す
る。そして上記加工軸方向決定部は、これも先の実施例
と異なり、上記加工軸方向の変更が必要な部位の工具軌
跡を他の工具軌跡から分割して、上記加工軸方向の変更
が必要な部位毎に、一つの加工軸方向DS を決定し、そ
の加工軸方向の変更が必要な部位毎の加工軸方向DS を
Z軸方向から変更する新たな加工軸方向とした加工軸方
向変更済み領域加工工具軌跡データを上記領域加工工具
軌跡ファイル6へ出力する。Here, unlike the previous embodiment, the machining axis direction changed part search unit is configured to use the numerical model file 3 for cutting the die shape and the machining technology database (D / B) file 4 as shown in FIG. In addition to inputting data from the area machining tool path file 6 and inputting data from the area machining tool path file 6, the tool T
Automatically search for a part whose machining axis direction needs to be changed in order to avoid tool interference with the numerical model M for die cutting. The machining axis direction determination unit also differs from the previous embodiment in that the tool path of the part requiring the change in the machining axis direction is divided from the other tool paths, and the machining axis direction needs to be changed. for each region, determine the one machining axis D S, machining axis changes the machining direction D S of the machining axis changes per site necessary and a new machining axis to change the Z-axis direction The finished area machining tool trajectory data is output to the area machining tool trajectory file 6.
【0041】またこの実施例の装置でも前述した加工精
度低下防止という理由から、先ず、加工軸方向をZ軸方
向に維持し、工具長を使用可能な種類中で短いものから
長いものへ逐次変更しつつ工具干渉チェックを行って、
工具干渉を回避し得る範囲で可能な限り短い工具長の種
類を用いることとし、かかる工具長の変更だけでは工具
干渉を回避できない場合は、次に、工具長を短いものか
ら長いものへ順次に変更しながら、Z軸方向に対する新
たな加工軸方向の角度を逐次増加させつつ工具干渉チェ
ックを行って、工具干渉を回避し得る範囲で、Z軸方向
に対する新たな加工軸方向の角度を可能な限り小さく
し、かつ可能な限り短い工具長の種類を用いることとす
る。またこの実施例の装置でも、Z軸方向から変更する
新たな加工軸方向を、図4(a)に示すZ軸方向に対す
る工具Tの加工軸方向の前記軸線B周りの角度であるB
軸角度αと、図4(b)に示すZ軸方向に直交する所定
方向(C軸角度の基準方向であり図示例ではX軸方向)
に対する工具Tの加工軸方向の前記軸線C周りの角度で
あるC軸角度βとの組み合わせによって規定する。Also, in the apparatus of this embodiment, the machining axis direction is first maintained in the Z-axis direction, and the tool length is sequentially changed from a short tool to a long tool among usable types, for the purpose of preventing the reduction of the machining accuracy described above. While checking the tool interference,
The type of tool length that is as short as possible within the range that can avoid tool interference shall be used.If such tool length change alone cannot avoid tool interference, then the tool length shall be changed from shortest to longest. While changing, the tool interference check is performed while sequentially increasing the angle of the new machining axis direction with respect to the Z axis direction, and a new angle of the machining axis direction with respect to the Z axis direction is possible as long as tool interference can be avoided. A type of tool length which is as small as possible and which is as short as possible is used. Also in the apparatus of this embodiment, the new machining axis direction changed from the Z axis direction is an angle around the axis B in the machining axis direction of the tool T with respect to the Z axis direction shown in FIG.
The axis angle α and a predetermined direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction shown in FIG. 4B (the reference direction of the C-axis angle and the X-axis direction in the illustrated example)
And a C-axis angle β which is an angle around the axis C in the machining axis direction of the tool T with respect to
【0042】具体的には、先ず上記加工軸方向変更部位
検索部が、先の実施例と同様に、金型形状を定義した型
形状切削用数値モデルのデータを上記型形状切削用数値
モデルファイル3から入力するとともに、当該領域加工
で使用する切削工具の種類およびその使用する工具の工
具径や各部寸法、切削条件等を規定したデータを上記加
工技術D/Bファイル4から入力し、さらに上記CAM
システムが上記CAMデータから作成した、例えば図15
に簡略に示す如き、原点P0 から出発して図中破線で示
す送り経路で送り移動するとともに図中実線で示す加工
経路で領域加工を行って原点P0 へ戻る工具軌跡CLのデ
ータを上記領域加工工具軌跡ファイル6から入力する。More specifically, first, the machining axis direction changed portion searching unit retrieves the data of the mold shape cutting numerical model defining the mold shape from the mold shape cutting numerical model file in the same manner as in the previous embodiment. 3 and the data defining the type of the cutting tool used in the area machining, the tool diameter of the tool used, the dimensions of each part, the cutting conditions, etc. from the machining technology D / B file 4, and CAM
The system created from the above CAM data, for example, FIG.
The data of the tool trajectory CL starting from the origin P 0 and moving along the feed path shown by the broken line in the figure and performing the area machining along the machining path shown by the solid line in the figure and returning to the origin P 0 are described above. Input from the area machining tool trajectory file 6.
【0043】そしてこの実施例での加工軸方向変更部位
検索部は、上記入力したデータに基づいて図14に示す手
順で加工軸方向変更部位検索処理を行い、この処理で
は、図7に示す先の実施例の場合と同様に、先ずステッ
プ51で、上記加工技術D/Bファイル中の工具テーブル
から、指定された工具径の切削工具の使用可能な工具長
の種類を求め、続くステップ52で、その使用可能な工具
長の種類に基づき工具長の短い工具から順次、加工軸方
向をZ軸方向に固定した状態で上記領域加工工具軌跡に
沿って工具を移動させて工具干渉チェックを行って、工
具干渉の生じない範囲内で最も短い工具長の種類を求め
る。The processing axis direction changed part search unit in this embodiment performs a processing axis direction changed part search process according to the procedure shown in FIG. 14 on the basis of the input data. In the same manner as in the embodiment, first, in step 51, the type of usable tool length of the cutting tool having the designated tool diameter is obtained from the tool table in the machining technology D / B file. The tool interference check is performed by moving the tool along the above-mentioned area machining tool path in a state where the machining axis direction is fixed in the Z-axis direction sequentially from the tool having the shorter tool length based on the type of the usable tool length. The type of the shortest tool length within a range where no tool interference occurs is determined.
【0044】しかして上記ステップ52で工具干渉チェッ
クを行った結果、先に入力した使用可能な工具長の種類
中に工具干渉の生じない工具長がある場合には、加工軸
方向を変更しないことにしてステップ53で当該処理を終
了するが、その使用可能な工具長の種類中の最も工具長
の長い工具でも工具干渉が生じてしまって、工具干渉の
生じない工具長の工具が無い場合には、ステップ53から
ステップ54へ進んで、加工軸方向の変更を決定する。If the result of the tool interference check performed in step 52 indicates that there is a tool length that does not cause tool interference among the usable tool lengths previously input, the machining axis direction should not be changed. In step 53, the process is terminated.However, even if the tool with the longest tool length among the available tool length types has a tool interference, there is no tool with a tool length that does not cause tool interference. Proceeds from step 53 to step 54 to determine a change in the machining axis direction.
【0045】次いでここでは上記加工軸方向決定部が、
図16および図18に示す手順で加工軸方向決定処理を行
い、この処理では、先ずステップ61で、上記工具干渉チ
ェックの結果から、図17(a)および図17(b)に示す
ように上記使用可能な工具長の種類中の最も工具長の長
い種類(例えばT1 )でも型形状切削用数値モデルMに
対する工具干渉を避けると工具Tが届かない一または複
数の領域BTを求め、続くステップ62で、図17(c)およ
び図17(d)に示すように、先に入力した工具軌跡CL中
の領域加工工具軌跡を、加工効率を高める所定の条件に
従いながら上記領域BTで分割して、領域BTを通る加工軸
方向変更部位CLC と、領域BTを通らない加工軸方向維持
部位CLR とに分ける。ここに、上記加工効率を高める所
定の条件としては、切削長が指定長より短くならないよ
うにするという条件や、同一加工条件で加工する部位が
近接する場合は工具軌跡を合成するという条件や、可能
な限り加工した側からアプローチするという条件や、可
能な限り切削方向を継承するという条件等がある。Next, here, the machining axis direction determining unit is as follows.
The processing axis direction determination processing is performed according to the procedure shown in FIGS. 16 and 18. In this processing, first, in step 61, the result of the tool interference check is used as shown in FIGS. Even if the longest tool length among the available tool length types (for example, T 1 ) is used, one or a plurality of areas BT where the tool T does not reach unless the tool interference with the numerical model M for die cutting is avoided are determined. At 62, as shown in FIG. 17 (c) and FIG. 17 (d), the region machining tool trajectory in the previously input tool trajectory CL is divided by the region BT according to a predetermined condition for increasing the machining efficiency. , a machining axis direction changing portion CL C through the region BT, divided into a working direction maintaining portion CL R which does not pass through the regions BT. Here, as the predetermined condition for increasing the machining efficiency, a condition that a cutting length is not shorter than a designated length, a condition that a tool path is synthesized when a portion to be machined under the same machining condition is close, There are conditions for approaching from the machined side as much as possible, conditions for inheriting the cutting direction as much as possible, and the like.
【0046】続くステップ63では、図17(e)に示すよ
うに、上記工具Tが届かない領域BTを区画する境界線
を、例えば工具のアタッチメント半径d1 /2の如き工
具形状に応じた干渉回避距離だけ外方へオフセットし
て、オフセット領域線OLを求め、図18に示す次のステッ
プ64では、図19(a)に示すように、上記オフセット領
域線OLを型形状切削用数値モデルM上にZ軸方向から投
影して、投影領域線PLを求め、その後のステップ65で
は、図19(b)に示すように、上記投影領域線PLを指定
間隔で分割して複数の分割点を求めるとともに、それら
の分割点のZ軸方向座標値を求める。In the following step 63, as shown in FIG. 17 (e), the boundary line defining the area BT where the tool T does not reach is defined by an interference corresponding to the tool shape such as the tool attachment radius d 1/2. The offset area line OL is obtained by offsetting the object to the outside by the avoidance distance, and in the next step 64 shown in FIG. 18, as shown in FIG. Projection is performed upward from the Z-axis direction to obtain a projection area line PL. In step 65, as shown in FIG. 19B, the projection area line PL is divided at a specified interval to divide a plurality of division points. At the same time, the Z-axis direction coordinate values of those division points are obtained.
【0047】そしてここでは、続くステップ66で、図19
(c)に示すように、上記複数の分割点中で、所定数、
例えば五つの互いに隣接する分割点のZ軸方向座標値の
和が最少となる分割点群GP、すなわち五点のZ軸方向座
標値が全体として最も小さい分割点群GPのある部位を求
めて、その部位を、先に求めた工具Tが届かない領域BT
に対しZ軸方向座標値の小さい側とするとともに、その
分割点群GPの中で中心となる分割点PCを決定し、その後
のステップ67では、図19(d)に示すように、上記中心
となる分割点PCの法線方向で、かつ上記工具Tが届かな
い領域BTの構成点へ向かう方向を、その領域BTについて
の加工軸方向DS とする。かかる加工軸方向決定処理に
より、上記工具Tが届かない一または複数の領域BTの各
々について加工軸方向DS が定まり、その加工軸方向D
S により、新たな加工軸方向のB軸角度の変更方向およ
びC軸角度βが自動的に求まる。In the following step 66, FIG.
As shown in (c), a predetermined number,
For example, a division point group GP in which the sum of the Z-axis direction coordinate values of five mutually adjacent division points is the minimum, that is, a part of the division point group GP in which the five Z-axis direction coordinate values are the smallest as a whole, The area BT where the tool T obtained earlier does not reach
Is determined on the side having the smaller coordinate value in the Z-axis direction, and a division point PC serving as a center in the division point group GP is determined. In the subsequent step 67, as shown in FIG. in the normal direction of the dividing points PC to be, and the direction toward the component points of a region BT where the tool T does not reach, the processing direction D S for that region BT. Such machining axis determination process for each of the one or more regions BT where the tool T does not reach Sadamari machining axis D S, the processing direction D
By S , the change direction of the B-axis angle and the C-axis angle β in the new machining axis direction are automatically determined.
【0048】しかる後、上記加工軸方向決定部は、図13
に示す手順で加工軸方向最終決定処理を行い、この処理
では、図13に示す先の実施例の場合と同様、先ずステッ
プ68で、先にステップ51で行ったと同様にして、指定さ
れた工具径の切削工具の使用可能な工具長の種類を求め
るとともに、先の実施例のステップ31で行ったと同様に
して、先に述べたB軸角度αの選択パターンを設定し、
次いでステップ69で、上記B軸角度αを、上記設定した
選択パターンのうちの一つ(該ステップの初回実行時に
は、上記選択パターンのうちの最少の角度、例えば前述
した角度α1 )に設定し、続くステップ70で、上記ステ
ップ68で求めた使用可能な工具長の種類のうちの一つ
(該ステップの初回実行時には、上記使用可能な工具長
のうちの最も短い工具長の種類、例えば前述したTC )
の工具を用いて、上記各領域BTを通る加工軸方向変更部
位CLC での加工軸方向を上記設定したB軸角度αおよび
その領域BTのC軸角度βで規定される方向に変更した状
態で、先にステップ52で行ったと同様にして、上記領域
加工工具軌跡に沿って工具を移動させて工具干渉チェッ
クを行う。Thereafter, the processing axis direction determining section sets the processing axis direction as shown in FIG.
In the processing shown in FIG. 13, the machining axis direction final determination processing is performed. In this processing, similarly to the case of the previous embodiment shown in FIG. Along with determining the type of usable tool length of the cutting tool having the diameter, the selection pattern of the B-axis angle α described above is set in the same manner as performed in Step 31 of the previous embodiment,
Next, at step 69, the B-axis angle α is set to one of the set selection patterns (at the first execution of the step, the minimum angle of the selection patterns, for example, the above-mentioned angle α 1 ). In the subsequent step 70, one of the available tool length types obtained in the above step 68 (at the first execution of this step, the shortest tool length type among the available tool lengths, for example, T C )
State of using a tool, to change the working direction of the machining axis direction changing portion CL C through said respective regions BT in the direction defined by the C-axis angle β of the B-axis angle α and the area BT set above The tool interference check is performed by moving the tool along the area machining tool trajectory in the same manner as performed in step 52 earlier.
【0049】しかして上記ステップ70で工具干渉チェッ
クを行った結果、工具干渉が生じなかった場合には、そ
の工具干渉チェック時のB軸角度αおよびC軸角度βで
規定される方向を新たな加工軸方向に最終決定すること
としてステップ71で当該処理を終了するが、上記工具干
渉チェックで工具干渉が生じてしまった場合には、ステ
ップ71からステップ72へ進んで、次に、B軸角度αの変
更が可能か否かを判断する。そして上記選択パターン中
に次に小さい角度がある場合には、ステップ73で、その
角度にB軸角度αを変更することとして、そこから上記
ステップ69へ戻るが、例えば上記工具干渉チェックの時
のB軸角度αが最大の角度α3 であった場合にように、
次に小さい角度が選択パターン中にない場合には、ステ
ップ72からステップ74へ進む。If the result of the tool interference check in step 70 is that no tool interference occurs, the direction defined by the B-axis angle α and the C-axis angle β at the time of the tool interference check is changed to a new one. The processing is terminated in step 71 as the final determination in the machining axis direction. However, if tool interference has occurred in the tool interference check, the process proceeds from step 71 to step 72, and then the B-axis angle It is determined whether α can be changed. If the next smaller angle is present in the selected pattern, the B-axis angle α is changed to that angle in step 73, and the process returns to step 69. As if the B-axis angle α was the maximum angle α 3 ,
If the next smaller angle is not in the selected pattern, the process proceeds from step 72 to step 74.
【0050】ステップ74では、さらに、工具長の変更が
可能か否かを判断し、上記使用可能な工具長の種類中に
次に短い工具長の種類がある場合には、ステップ75で、
その工具長の種類に工具長を変更することとして、そこ
から上記ステップ69へ戻り、再び上記選択パターンのう
ちの最少の角度をB軸角度αとするとともに上記次に短
い工具長の種類に工具長を変更して工具干渉チェックを
行う。一方ステップ74で、例えば上記工具干渉チェック
の時の工具長の種類が最長の種類T1 であった場合によ
うに、次に短い工具長の種類が上記使用可能な工具長の
種類中にない場合には、ステップ74からステップ76へ進
んで、その工具干渉を回避し得なかった加工軸方向変更
部位についてはマニュアル加工を行うこととして当該処
理を終了する。In step 74, it is further determined whether or not the tool length can be changed. If the next available tool length type is the next shorter tool length type, in step 75,
The tool length is changed to the type of the tool length. Then, the process returns to the step 69, and the minimum angle of the selected pattern is again set to the B-axis angle α, and the tool is changed to the next shortest tool length type. Change the length and perform a tool interference check. On the other hand in step 74, for example, the tool length type when the tool interference checking as if were the longest type T 1, the type of the next short tool length is not in the type of the usable tool length In this case, the process proceeds from step 74 to step 76, and the processing is ended by performing manual machining for the machining axis direction changed portion that could not avoid the tool interference.
【0051】しかる後、上記実施例の装置は、先に上記
領域加工工具軌跡ファイル6から入力した領域加工工具
軌跡を含む工具軌跡CLのデータにおける、上記各加工軸
方向変更部位での加工軸方向をそれぞれ、Z軸方向か
ら、最終決定した上記新たな加工軸方向に変更し、その
加工軸方向変更済みの領域加工工具軌跡データを上記領
域加工工具軌跡ファイル6へ出力する。Thereafter, the apparatus according to the above-described embodiment operates in the machining axis direction at each machining axis direction change portion in the data of the tool path CL including the area machining tool path previously input from the area machining tool path file 6. Are respectively changed from the Z-axis direction to the finally determined new machining axis direction, and the area machining tool trajectory data whose machining axis direction has been changed is output to the area machining tool trajectory file 6.
【0052】上述の如くして上記実施例の装置によれ
ば、領域加工での、Z軸方向からの加工では削り残しが
発生するため加工軸方向の変更が必要な加工部位におけ
る新たな加工軸方向を自動的にかつ適切に決定し得て、
CAMシステムのオペレータが切削検討の際に加工軸方
向をZ軸方向に固定した加工では削り残しが発生する加
工部位につき加工部位毎に新たな加工軸方向を逐一決定
しその加工軸方向を定義するデータを作成する必要を無
くすことができるので、切削検討の際のオペレータの工
数を大幅に削減することができる。As described above, according to the apparatus of the above-described embodiment, in machining from the Z-axis direction in area machining, uncut portions are left uncut, so that a new machining axis in a machining portion that needs to be changed in the machining axis direction is required. Direction can be determined automatically and properly,
In the machining where the machining axis direction is fixed to the Z-axis direction when the operator of the CAM system examines the machining, a new machining axis direction is determined for each machining area and a new machining axis direction is defined for each machining area where uncut machining occurs. Since the need to create data can be eliminated, the number of man-hours required by the operator when examining cutting can be significantly reduced.
【0053】しかも上記実施例の装置によれば、型形状
切削用数値モデルMからZ軸方向座標値の小さい側と大
きい側とを調べるために、工具軌跡データにおける加工
軸方向変更部位の領域BTを区画する境界線を工具形状に
応じた干渉回避距離だけ外方へオフセットしてオフセッ
ト領域線OLを求め、そのオフセット領域線PLを型形状切
削用数値モデルM上にZ軸方向から投影した投影領域線
PLを所定間隔で分割して、その投影領域線PL上の複数の
分割点のうちの互いに隣接する五つの分割点のZ軸方向
座標値の和が最少となる分割点群GPのある部位をZ軸方
向座標値の小さい側とするので、前記領域加工のための
工具軌跡についてZ軸方向座標値の小さい側と大きい側
とを調べる際に効率良く調べることができる。Further, according to the apparatus of the above-described embodiment, in order to examine the small side and the large side of the coordinate value in the Z-axis direction from the mold shape cutting numerical model M, the area BT of the machining axis direction changing portion in the tool path data is examined. Offset area line OL is obtained by offsetting the boundary line that defines the area outward by the interference avoidance distance according to the tool shape, and the offset area line PL is projected from the Z-axis direction on the numerical model M for die cutting. Area line
PL is divided at a predetermined interval, and a part of the division point group GP in which the sum of the coordinate values in the Z-axis direction of the five division points adjacent to each other among the plurality of division points on the projection area line PL is minimized. Since the side having the smaller coordinate value in the Z-axis direction is set, the tool trajectory for the area machining can be efficiently checked when the side having the smaller coordinate value and the side having the larger Z-axis direction coordinate value are checked.
【0054】以上、図示例に基づき説明したが、この発
明は上述の例に限定されるものでなく、例えば、この発
明の装置は、稜線沿い加工用の前者の実施例の装置と、
領域加工用の後者の実施例の装置とを組み合わせて構成
することもでき、そのように構成すれば、一連の加工中
で稜線沿い加工と領域加工とを行うようなNCデータを
作成する場合に極めて有利である。またこの発明の装置
は、金型形状加工用CAMシステム以外のCAMシステ
ムにも適用でき、かかる場合でも上記実施例と同様の作
用効果をもたらすことができる。Although the present invention has been described with reference to the illustrated examples, the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For example, the apparatus of the present invention is different from the apparatus of the former embodiment for processing along a ridge line,
It is also possible to combine the apparatus of the latter embodiment for area machining with the apparatus of the latter embodiment. With such an arrangement, it is possible to create NC data that performs machining along a ridge line and area machining in a series of machining. It is very advantageous. Further, the apparatus of the present invention can be applied to a CAM system other than the CAM system for mold shape processing, and even in such a case, the same operation and effect as those of the above embodiment can be obtained.
【0055】[0055]
【発明の効果】かくしてこの発明の加工軸方向決定装置
によれば、Z軸方向からの加工では削り残しが発生する
ため加工軸方向の変更が必要な加工部位における新たな
加工軸方向を自動的にかつ適切に決定し得て、CAMシ
ステムのオペレータが切削検討の際に加工軸方向をZ軸
方向に固定した加工では削り残しが発生する加工部位に
つき加工部位毎に新たな加工軸方向を逐一決定しその加
工軸方向を定義するデータを作成する必要を無くすこと
ができるので、切削検討の際のオペレータの工数を大幅
に削減することができる。As described above, according to the machining axis direction determining apparatus of the present invention, when machining from the Z-axis direction is left uncut, a new machining axis direction at a machining portion where the machining axis direction needs to be changed is automatically determined. The CAM system operator can determine a new machining axis direction for each machining area where machining remains where machining remains in the machining axis direction fixed in the Z-axis direction during cutting examination. Since it is possible to eliminate the need to determine and create data defining the machining axis direction, it is possible to greatly reduce the number of man-hours of the operator when examining cutting.
【0056】しかも、この発明の加工軸方向決定装置に
よれば、新たな加工軸方向のZ軸方向に直交する軸線周
りの角度を一定の角度に設定する場合と比較して、工具
干渉を回避しつつ、Z軸方向に対する新たな加工軸方向
の角度をより小さくし得るので、加工精度の低下をより
少なくすることができる。Moreover, according to the machining axis direction determining apparatus of the present invention, tool interference is avoided as compared with the case where the angle around the axis orthogonal to the Z-axis direction of the new machining axis direction is set to a constant angle. At the same time, the angle of the new machining axis direction with respect to the Z-axis direction can be made smaller, so that a decrease in machining accuracy can be further reduced.
【0057】なお、前記加工軸方向決定手段M2を、前記
製品形状データからZ軸方向座標値の小さい側と大きい
側とを調べるために、前記工具軌跡データにおける前記
加工軸方向変更部位での工具軌跡の全ての構成点につき
構成点毎に、前記製品形状データにおける製品形状と凸
形先端形状の工具との二箇所の接点を求め、それら二箇
所の接点のZ軸方向座標値を比較するように構成すれ
ば、前記稜線沿い加工のための工具軌跡についてZ軸方
向座標値の小さい側と大きい側とを調べる際に効率良く
調べることができる。In order to check the machining axis direction determining means M2 from the product shape data on the smaller and larger Z-axis direction coordinate values, a tool at the machining axis direction changing portion in the tool path data is used. For each of the constituent points of the trajectory, for each constituent point, two points of contact between the product shape and the tool having a convex tip in the product shape data are obtained, and the Z-axis direction coordinate values of the two points of contact are compared. With this configuration, the tool trajectory for machining along the ridgeline can be efficiently examined when examining the smaller and larger Z-axis direction coordinate values.
【0058】この一方前記加工軸方向決定手段M2を、前
記製品形状データからZ軸方向座標値の小さい側と大き
い側とを調べるために、前記工具軌跡データにおける前
記加工軸方向変更部位の領域を区画する境界線を工具形
状に応じた干渉回避距離だけ外方へオフセットしてオフ
セット領域線を求め、そのオフセット領域線を前記製品
形状データにおける製品形状上にZ軸方向から投影した
投影領域線を所定間隔で分割し、前記投影領域線上の複
数の分割点のうちの互いに隣接する所定数の分割点のZ
軸方向座標値の和が最少となる分割点群のある部位を前
記Z軸方向座標値の小さい側とするように構成すれば、
前記領域加工のための工具軌跡についてZ軸方向座標値
の小さい側と大きい側とを調べる際に効率良く調べるこ
とができる。On the other hand, the machining axis direction determining means M2 determines the area of the machining axis direction changing portion in the tool locus data in order to examine the small side and the large side of the Z axis direction coordinate value from the product shape data. An offset area line is obtained by offsetting the dividing line outward by an interference avoidance distance according to the tool shape, and a projection area line obtained by projecting the offset area line onto the product shape in the product shape data from the Z-axis direction. It is divided at a predetermined interval, and Z of a predetermined number of adjacent division points among a plurality of division points on the projection area line
If a part of the division point group where the sum of the axial coordinate values is the smallest is set to the side where the Z-axis coordinate value is smaller,
The tool trajectory for the area machining can be efficiently examined when examining the smaller and larger Z-axis direction coordinate values.
【0059】そして前記加工軸方向決定手段M2を、前記
工具軌跡データにおける前記加工軸方向変更部位での工
具軌跡の全ての構成点につき構成点毎に、前記製品形状
データにおける製品形状に対する、その構成点における
Z軸方向に直交する平面内での法線方向を求めて、その
法線方向をその構成点での新たな加工軸方向の、Z軸方
向軸線周りの方向に決定し、次いで前記加工軸方向変更
部位での工具軌跡の全体につき、隣接する構成点間での
前記Z軸方向軸線周りの方向の角度変化の最も大きい構
成点における前記Z軸方向軸線周りの方向をZ軸方向軸
線周り代表方向として、前記製品形状に対するそのZ軸
方向軸線周り代表方向の角度が所定許容角度以上となる
構成点の存在範囲を調べ、Z軸方向に直交する所定方向
に対する前記Z軸方向軸線周り代表方向の角度をその調
べた構成点の存在範囲についての前記新たな加工軸方向
のZ軸方向軸線周り代表角度に決定するとともに前記工
具軌跡から前記調べた構成点の存在範囲を除去するとい
う分割軌跡用Z軸方向軸線周り代表角度決定処理を、残
りの工具軌跡が無くなるまで繰り返し行うように構成す
れば、前記加工軸方向変更部位での工具軌跡の全体を、
一定の加工軸方向で加工し得る範囲毎に分割して、それ
らの分割軌跡の各々につき前記Z軸方向軸線周り代表角
度を決定し得るので、それらの分割軌跡の各々で加工す
る間、新たな加工軸方向の、X軸やY軸等のZ軸方向に
直交する所定方向に対する前記Z軸方向軸線周りの方向
の角度を一定のZ軸方向軸線周り代表角度に維持し得
て、工具軌跡が曲線を描いている場合にその工具軌跡の
構成点毎に新たな加工軸方向のZ軸方向軸線周りの角度
を変更しなくても適正に加工を行うことができ、それゆ
え実際の加工の際の加工時間を短縮することができる。Then, the machining axis direction determining means M2 is provided for every component point of the tool trajectory at the machining axis direction change portion in the tool trajectory data, for each component point, for the product shape in the product shape data. A normal direction in a plane orthogonal to the Z-axis direction at the point is obtained, and the normal direction is determined as a new processing axis direction at the constituent point, around the Z-axis direction. With respect to the entire tool path at the axial change portion, the direction around the Z-axis direction at the component point where the angle change in the direction around the Z-axis direction between the adjacent component points is the largest is defined around the Z-axis direction axis. As the representative direction, the existence range of the constituent points where the angle of the representative direction about the Z-axis direction axis with respect to the product shape is equal to or larger than a predetermined allowable angle is examined, and the Z-axis in a predetermined direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction is examined. The angle in the representative direction around the direction axis is determined to be the representative angle around the Z-axis direction axis in the new machining axis direction for the existence range of the examined component point, and the existence range of the examined component point is removed from the tool path. By performing the process of determining the representative angle around the Z-axis direction axis for the divided trajectory to be repeated until the remaining tool trajectory disappears, the entire tool trajectory at the machining axis direction change portion is
Since it is possible to divide each of the divided trajectories and determine the representative angle around the Z-axis direction axis for each of the divided trajectories, new machining is performed during each of the divided trajectories. In the machining axis direction, an angle in a direction around the Z-axis direction axis with respect to a predetermined direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction such as the X-axis or the Y-axis can be maintained at a constant representative angle around the Z-axis direction axis. In the case of drawing a curve, machining can be performed properly without changing the angle around the Z-axis in the new machining axis direction for each component point of the tool path, and therefore, in actual machining, Processing time can be shortened.
【図1】この発明の加工軸方向決定装置の基本的構成を
示す概念図である。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a basic configuration of a machining axis direction determining device according to the present invention.
【図2】金型形状加工用CAMシステムに適用したこの
発明の加工軸方向決定装置の、特に稜線沿い加工に適し
た一実施例の構成を示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a machining axis direction determining apparatus according to the present invention applied to a CAM system for mold shape machining, particularly suitable for machining along a ridge line.
【図3】上記実施例の装置の作動の概略を示す説明図で
ある。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the operation of the apparatus of the embodiment.
【図4】上記実施例の装置が行う加工軸方向の変更の態
様および上記実施例の装置が入力する種々の工具データ
を示す説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an aspect of a change of a machining axis direction performed by the apparatus of the embodiment and various tool data input by the apparatus of the embodiment.
【図5】上記実施例の装置がデータとして入力する、金
型形状を定義した型形状切削用数値モデルを示す斜視図
である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a mold shape cutting numerical model defining a mold shape, which is input as data by the apparatus of the embodiment.
【図6】上記実施例の装置がデータとして入力する、稜
線沿い工具軌跡を含む工具軌跡を示す斜視図である。FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a tool path including a tool path along a ridge line, which is input as data by the apparatus of the embodiment.
【図7】上記実施例の装置が行う加工軸方向変更部位検
索処理の手順を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a processing axis direction changed portion search process performed by the apparatus of the embodiment.
【図8】上記加工軸方向変更部位検索処理の内容を示す
説明図である。FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the content of the processing axis direction changed part search processing.
【図9】上記実施例の装置が行う構成点単位加工軸方向
決定処理の手順を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of a process of determining a processing axis direction in a unit of a configuration point performed by the apparatus of the embodiment.
【図10】上記構成点単位加工軸方向決定処理の内容を
示す説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of the processing for determining the processing axis direction in the unit of configuration point;
【図11】上記実施例の装置が行う分割軌跡用代表加工
軸方向設定処理の手順を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of a division trajectory representative machining axis direction setting process performed by the apparatus of the embodiment.
【図12】上記分割軌跡用代表加工軸方向設定処理の内
容を示す説明図である。FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the content of a representative machining axis direction setting process for a divided trajectory.
【図13】上記実施例の装置が行う加工軸方向最終決定
処理の手順を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a processing axis direction final determination process performed by the apparatus of the embodiment.
【図14】金型形状加工用CAMシステムに適用したこ
の発明の加工軸方向決定装置の、特に領域加工に適した
他の一実施例が行う加工軸方向変更部位検索処理を示す
フローチャートである。FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a machining axis direction change portion search process performed by another embodiment particularly suitable for area machining, of the machining axis direction determining apparatus of the present invention applied to a mold shape machining CAM system.
【図15】上記他の実施例の装置がデータとして入力す
る、領域加工工具軌跡を含む工具軌跡を示す斜視図であ
る。FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a tool trajectory including an area machining tool trajectory, which is input as data by the apparatus of the other embodiment.
【図16】上記他の実施例の装置が行う加工軸方向決定
処理の手順の一部を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing a part of a procedure of a processing axis direction determining process performed by the apparatus of the other embodiment.
【図17】上記加工軸方向決定処理の上記部分の内容を
示す説明図である。FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of the above-mentioned portion of the above-mentioned machining axis direction determination processing.
【図18】上記他の実施例の装置が行う加工軸方向決定
処理の手順の残部を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing the rest of the procedure of the processing axis direction determining process performed by the apparatus of the other embodiment.
【図19】上記加工軸方向決定処理の上記部分の内容を
示す説明図である。FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of the above-mentioned portion of the above-mentioned machining axis direction determination processing.
【図20】上記他の実施例の装置が行う加工軸方向最終
決定処理の手順を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a processing axis direction final determination process performed by the apparatus of the other embodiment.
【図21】CAMシステムにおいて製品形状を切削加工
する際の二種類の稜線沿い加工を示す説明図である。FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing machining along two types of ridge lines when cutting a product shape in the CAM system.
【図22】CAMシステムにおいて製品形状を切削加工
する際の二種類の領域加工を示す説明図である。FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing two types of region processing when cutting a product shape in the CAM system.
【図23】CAMシステムにおいて加工軸方向の変更が
必要となる場合を示す説明図である。FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a case where a change in the processing axis direction is required in the CAM system.
M1 加工軸方向変更部位検索手段 M2 加工軸方向決定手段 CL 工具軌跡 DR 代表加工軸方向 DS 加工軸方向 M 型形状切削用数値モデル T 工具M1 Machining axis direction changed part search means M2 Machining axis direction determining means CL Tool trajectory D R Representative machining axis direction D S Machining axis direction M Numerical model for shape cutting T Tool
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) B23Q 15/00 - 15/28 G05B 19/18 - 19/46 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) B23Q 15/00-15/28 G05B 19/18-19/46
Claims (4)
向に固定した工具軌跡データと、使用工具データとに基
づき工具干渉チェックを行って、前記工具軌跡データに
おける、工具干渉の回避のために加工軸方向を変更する
必要がある加工軸方向変更部位を検索する加工軸方向変
更部位検索手段(M1)と、 前記工具軌跡データにおける前記加工軸方向変更部位に
つき、前記製品形状データからZ軸方向座標値の小さい
側と大きい側とを調べて、Z軸方向座標値の小さい側か
ら大きい側へ向かう方向を求め、その求めた方向を新た
な加工軸方向に決定するとともに、その加工軸方向変更
部位での加工軸方向を、Z軸方向に直交する軸線周りに
回動させて前記Z軸方向座標値の小さい側から大きい側
へ向かうように傾斜させ、その加工軸方向のZ軸方向に
対する傾斜角度を漸次増加させつつ工具干渉チェックを
繰り返し行って工具干渉の生じなくなる傾斜角度を求
め、その傾斜角度を新たな加工軸方向のZ軸方向に直交
する軸線周りの角度に決定する加工軸方向決定手段(M
2)と、 を具えてなる、CAMシステム用加工軸方向決定装置。1. A tool interference check is performed based on product shape data, tool path data in which the machining axis direction is fixed in the Z-axis direction, and tool data to be used to avoid tool interference in the tool path data. A machining axis direction changing portion searching means (M1) for searching for a machining axis direction changing portion that needs to change the machining axis direction; and a Z axis from the product shape data for the machining axis direction changing portion in the tool path data. examine the larger side and smaller in direction coordinate values, it obtains a direction toward the larger side of the smaller side of the Z-axis direction coordinate value, and determines the determined direction to a new machining axis, the machining axis Change
Set the machining axis direction at the part around the axis perpendicular to the Z-axis direction.
Rotate the Z axis coordinate value from the smaller side to the larger side
In the Z-axis direction of the machining axis.
Tool interference check while gradually increasing the inclination angle with respect to
Repeatedly find the inclination angle at which tool interference does not occur
The inclination angle to the Z-axis direction of the new machining axis
Machining axis direction determining means for determining the angle around the axis line (M
2) A machining axis direction determining device for a CAM system, comprising:
状データからZ軸方向座標値の小さい側と大きい側とを
調べるために、前記工具軌跡データにおける前記加工軸
方向変更部位での工具軌跡の全ての構成点につき構成点
毎に、前記製品形状データにおける製品形状と凸形先端
形状の工具との二箇所の接点を求め、それら二箇所の接
点のZ軸方向座標値を比較することを特徴とする、請求
項1記載のCAMシステム用加工軸方向決定装置。2. The processing axis direction determining means determines a tool path at the processing axis direction changing portion in the tool path data in order to check a small side and a large side of a Z-axis direction coordinate value from the product shape data. For each of the constituent points of each of the constituent points, the two points of contact between the product shape in the product shape data and the tool having the convex tip shape are obtained, and the Z-axis coordinate values of the two points of contact are compared. The machining axis direction determining apparatus for a CAM system according to claim 1, wherein
状データからZ軸方向座標値の小さい側と大きい側とを
調べるために、前記工具軌跡データにおける前記加工軸
方向変更部位の領域を区画する境界線を工具形状に応じ
た干渉回避距離だけ外方へオフセットしてオフセット領
域線を求め、そのオフセット領域線を前記製品形状デー
タにおける製品形状上にZ軸方向から投影した投影領域
線を所定間隔で分割し、前記投影領域線上の複数の分割
点のうちの互いに隣接する所定数の分割点のZ軸方向座
標値の和が最少となる分割点群のある部位を前記Z軸方
向座標値の小さい側とすることを特徴とする、請求項1
記載のCAMシステム用加工軸方向決定装置。3. The machining axis direction determining means divides a region of the machining axis direction changing portion in the tool path data in order to examine a smaller side and a larger side of a Z axis direction coordinate value from the product shape data. The offset line is obtained by offsetting the boundary line to the outside by an interference avoidance distance according to the tool shape, and the projected area line projected from the Z-axis direction on the product shape in the product shape data is determined. A portion having a group of division points at which the sum of the Z-axis direction coordinate values of a predetermined number of adjacent division points among the plurality of division points on the projection area line is minimum is defined as the Z-axis direction coordinate value. 2. The side having a smaller value of
The apparatus for determining a machining axis direction for a CAM system according to the above.
跡データにおける前記加工軸方向変更部位での工具軌跡
の全ての構成点につき構成点毎に、前記製品形状データ
における製品形状に対する、その構成点におけるZ軸方
向に直交する平面内での法線方向を求めて、その法線方
向をその構成点での新たな加工軸方向の、Z軸方向軸線
周りの方向に決定し、次いで前記加工軸方向変更部位で
の工具軌跡の全体につき、隣接する構成点間での前記Z
軸方向軸線周りの方向の角度変化の最も大きい構成点に
おける前記Z軸方向軸線周りの方向をZ軸方向軸線周り
代表方向として、前記製品形状に対するそのZ軸方向軸
線周り代表方向の角度が所定許容角度以上となる構成点
の存在範囲を調べ、Z軸方向に直交する所定方向に対す
る前記Z軸方向軸線周り代表方向の角度をその調べた構
成点の存在範囲についての前記新たな加工軸方向のZ軸
方向軸線周り代表角度に決定するとともに前記工具軌跡
から前記調べた構成点の存在範囲を除去するという分割
軌跡用Z軸方向軸線周り代表角度決定処理を、残りの工
具軌跡が無くなるまで繰り返し行うことを特徴とする、
請求項1又は2記載のCAMシステム用加工軸方向決定
装置。4. The processing axis direction determining means is configured to determine, for each of the constituent points of the tool trajectory at the processing axis direction changing portion in the tool trajectory data, for each of the constituent points, the configuration of the product shape in the product shape data. A normal direction in a plane orthogonal to the Z-axis direction at the point is obtained, and the normal direction is determined as a new processing axis direction at the constituent point, around the Z-axis direction. For the entire tool trajectory at the axially changed portion, the Z
The direction around the Z-axis direction axis at the configuration point where the angle change in the direction around the axial direction axis is the largest is defined as a representative direction around the Z-axis direction axis, and the angle of the representative direction around the Z-axis direction axis with respect to the product shape is a predetermined tolerance. The existence range of the constituent point which is equal to or more than the angle is examined, and the angle of the representative direction around the Z-axis direction axis with respect to a predetermined direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction is determined. Repeating a representative angle determination process around the Z-axis direction axis for the divided trajectory, which determines the representative angle around the axial direction axis and removes the existence range of the examined component point from the tool trajectory, until there is no remaining tool trajectory. Characterized by
The processing axis direction determining device for a CAM system according to claim 1 or 2.
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---|---|---|---|---|
JP4362095B2 (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2009-11-11 | オークマ株式会社 | Numerical controller |
WO2012063264A2 (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2012-05-18 | Hughen Gerrard Thomas | A system and method for enhancing reach of a robotic arm |
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1994
- 1994-08-05 JP JP06184663A patent/JP3116733B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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JPH0847841A (en) | 1996-02-20 |
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