JP3116405B2 - Combine harvester operating speed controller - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an operating speed control device for a mowing unit for automatically controlling the operating speed of a mowing unit in a self-propelled combine according to the standing state of crops in a field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional combine, an output shaft of an engine is connected to a traveling unit composed of a crawler via a hydraulic transmission (hereinafter, referred to as HST) and a transmission, and a power of a cutting unit is output from an output shaft of the HST. It is known that when the running speed of the running unit is changed by changing the speed of the HST, the cutting speed of the cutting unit is changed in conjunction with the running speed.

Further, in order to cope with lodging of the crop to be harvested, a transmission is provided between the output shaft of the HST and the cutting unit, and the harvesting unit is operated by operating the transmission when harvesting the crop in the down state. It was driving at high speed.

[0004]

As described above, in the conventional combine, although the cutting speed can be changed in accordance with the state of the grain, the cutting speed varies depending on the traveling speed.
In addition, since the relationship between the two, ie, the reduction ratio, is mechanically defined, there is a disadvantage that the change is restricted and cannot be changed to an appropriate value.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a first object of the present invention is to enable a mowing operation to be performed at an appropriate mowing speed in accordance with the conditions of the mowing operation. When the is in the lying state, the operator automatically changes the harvesting speed to an appropriate cutting speed to perform the operation, thereby reducing the operation labor of the operator.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first aspect of the present invention is to provide a continuously variable transmission which is interposed in a power path of a prime mover and a mowing unit, and a traveling speed of the combine. Traveling speed detecting means for detecting, a cutting speed detecting means for detecting a cutting speed of a cutting section, a falling state detecting means for detecting whether or not a grain to be cut by the cutting section is in a falling state, and detection of the traveling speed detecting means. A cutting speed setting means for setting a predetermined target cutting speed corresponding to the value, and a target cutting speed set by the cutting speed setting means when the falling state detecting means detects the falling state, according to the falling state. Changing means for changing to a predetermined target cutting speed; and a detection value of the cutting speed detecting means, the target cutting speed set by the cutting speed setting means or the target cutting speed changed by the changing means. Comparing means for comparing the deviation or the other and,
Speed ratio changing means for changing the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission based on the comparison result. Furthermore, as a second invention, a continuously variable transmission interposed in a power path of a prime mover and a reaping unit, a traveling speed detecting means for detecting a traveling speed of the combine, and a reaping speed detection for detecting a reaping speed of the reaping unit Means, a lodging state detecting means for detecting whether or not the grain to be cut by the cutting unit is in a lodging state, a work mode switching means for selecting a mode of a cutting operation, a detection value of the traveling speed detecting means, and a work mode switching. Cutting speed setting means for setting a predetermined target cutting speed corresponding to the work mode selected by the means, and a target cutting speed set by the cutting speed setting means when the falling state detecting means detects a falling state. Means for changing the cutting speed to a predetermined target cutting speed according to the falling state; and a target cutting speed set by the cutting speed setting means, the detection value of the cutting speed detecting means. Or a comparing means for comparing with one of the target cutting speeds changed by the changing means, and a speed ratio changing means for changing a speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission based on a result of the comparison. The mode switching means is attached to the traveling speed change lever.

[0007]

According to the first aspect, when the traveling speed detecting means detects the traveling speed of the traveling section, the cutting speed setting means sets a predetermined target cutting speed corresponding to the detected value. Here, when the falling state detecting means detects the falling state of the cutting grain, the changing means changes the target cutting speed set above to a predetermined target cutting speed according to the falling state. The comparing means compares the cutting speed of the cutting section detected by the cutting speed detecting means with either the target cutting speed set by the cutting speed setting means or the target cutting speed changed by the changing means. Since the speed change ratio changing means changes the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission based on the comparison result, the cutting speed of the cutting section is controlled to the target value changed according to the state when the cutting section is in the lying down state.

In the second invention, in addition to the first invention, the work mode switching means is attached to the traveling speed change lever, so that the work mode switching means such as the standard mode, the lying mode and the intermediate mode can be operated without releasing the traveling speed change lever. You can choose.

[0009]

Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. 3 (a) and 3 (b), a combine embodying the present invention comprises a weeder 2 for arranging crops, a raising device 3 for erecting the crops, and a cutting section for cutting the crop base. The cutting unit A interlocking with the cutting unit, the conveying unit C that conveys the cut back to the rear while changing the posture of the cut stick horizontally, the feed chain D that supplies the transverse stick to the threshing and sorting unit E, and the supplied stick A threshing / sorting unit E for threshing by a trunk and sorting by a sorting apparatus (not shown), a straw processing unit F for processing straw discharged after threshing, a crawler G for a traveling unit running on the machine body 1, and a power described below for these units It is composed of an engine H or the like driven via a transmission mechanism.

Next, an example of a power transmission mechanism for transmitting the power of the engine H to each of the above components will be described with reference to FIG. This power transmission mechanism is connected to the output shaft 5 of the engine H.
A pulley 6 and a pulley 7 are attached to the
To the input shaft of the hydraulic transmission 9 (hereinafter referred to as HST). The output side of the HST 9 is connected to the input shaft of a transmission mechanism 10 having a clutch function, and the output shaft of the transmission mechanism 10 is connected to a pair of left and right crawlers 11,11. On the other hand, the pulley 7 is a threshing unit drive shaft 1 parallel to the engine output shaft 5.
A threshing tension clutch 28 that is connected to the second pulley 13 by a belt 14 and that interrupts power transmission between the engine output shaft 5 and the threshing unit drive shaft 12 by tension or relaxation of the belt 14 is provided. A pulley 15 and a pulley 16 are attached to the threshing unit drive shaft 12. The pulley 15 is connected to the Karaoke unit and the sorting unit, and the pulley 16 is connected to a belt 17.
As a result, it is connected to the input shaft 19 of the ring cone transmission 18 which is a continuously variable transmission.

Further, the output shaft 2 of the ring cone transmission 18
At 0, a pulley 21 is attached, and this pulley 21 is connected to a pulley 23 of the input shaft of the reduction gear 22 via a belt. A pulley 24 is further attached to the input shaft of the speed reducer 22, and is connected via a belt 25 to a pulley 26 provided on the input shaft of the reaper A. A sprocket 27 for driving the feed chain D is connected to the output shaft 31 of the speed reducer 22.
The pulley 24 of the input shaft 32 of the reduction gear 22 and the pulley 26
Between them, there is provided a mowing tension clutch 29 for interrupting power transmission by tension or relaxation of the belt 25.

As detecting means for detecting the traveling speed of the traveling section, a traveling speed sensor 35 such as a photocoupler is provided.
It is provided on the side end of one of the shafts (not shown) forming the transmission mechanism 10 of the traveling system and on the periphery thereof.

The ring cone transmission 18 is a known continuously variable transmission that can change the reduction ratio of the input shaft 19 and the output shaft 20 freely by moving the transmission ring 37 in the axial direction by a shifter 38. It is. The shifter 38 is configured to be reciprocally movable in the axial direction by forward rotation or reverse rotation of a ring cone motor 42 described later.

As a detecting means for detecting the cutting speed of the cutting unit A, a cutting speed sensor 3 composed of a photocoupler or the like is used.
6 is provided at the end of the output shaft 20 of the ring cone transmission 18 and its periphery.

Next, referring to FIG. 5, a description will be given of a clutch operating mechanism 60 that operates in association with the threshing tension clutch 28 and the mowing tension clutch 29. The clutch operating mechanism 60 includes a gear 61 attached to an output shaft 61a of a switching motor 69 (not shown in FIG. 5).
And a rotatable circular cam plate 62 having a gear formed on the outer periphery thereof, and a cutting side traction plate having a rotating shaft 62a of the cam plate 62 provided with a locking piece 63a at one end of a sector shape. 63 is loosely fitted, and one end of a first link 64 is rotatably attached to the surface of the cam plate 62 by a pin P1. On the other hand, the second link 6
6 is rotatably attached by a pin 56, the other end of a second link 66 is rotatably attached by a pin P2 to a first link 64 and a third link 67, and the other end of the third link 67 is towed on the threshing side. It is connected to one end of the plate 68 by a pin P3. The other end of the threshing-side traction plate 68 is rotatably attached to the base plate 65 by a pin P4. The position of the pin P4 on the base plate 65 is on the rotation path of the locking piece 63a of the mowing-side traction plate 63. The locking piece 63a comes into contact with the pin P4 during the rotation and is locked. And the cutting side traction plate 63
The cutting clutch wire 29a connected to the cutting tension clutch 29 is connected to the center of the thrust plate 6 on the threshing side.
The threshing clutch wire 28a connected to the threshing tension clutch 28 is connected to the pin P3 of No. 8.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c), the clutch actuating mechanism 60 has a cam 62b having a bulging portion substantially at half the circumference of the disk, and this cam 62b is connected to the cam plate rotating shaft. The base plate 65 is fixed to 62a on the back surface side.
Around the cam 62b, a switch 75, a switch 76, and a switch 77 are sequentially arranged as position detecting means for stopping the switching motor 69 at a predetermined position.

Next, an example of the configuration of the operation unit in the driver's seat will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 55 denotes a cutting and threshing clutch lever for selecting one of a stop, a threshing operation, and a cutting and threshing operation. When a predetermined operation is selected by the mowing threshing clutch lever 55, the switching motor 69 of the clutch operating mechanism 60 rotates in the forward or reverse direction in response to the selection, and accordingly, the threshing tension clutch 28, the mowing tension clutch 29 Intermittently.

HST 57 changes the speed ratio of HST9.
A work mode changeover switch 54 is provided at a grip portion of the HST lever 57. The work mode changeover switch 54 is used to select one of a "standard mode" used when the grain is standing up and a "falling mode" used when the grain is lying down during the harvesting of the grain. One is to be selected.

Next, an example of the control system of the embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

The control section J controls each section according to a predetermined procedure in accordance with an instruction of an operator or the like, as will be described later. The running speed sensor 35, the cutting speed sensor 36, the cutting threshing clutch lever 55, the work mode changeover switch 54, and the switches 75 to 77 are electrically connected to the input side of the control unit J, respectively.

The output side of the controller J is connected to a speed-up relay 52 and a speed-down relay 53 for rotating the ring cone motor 42 forward or backward. The ring cone motor 42 is connected to the contact 52 of the relays 52 and 53.
It is configured to be able to perform normal and reverse rotation by switching between a and 53a (see FIG. 7). Similarly, contacts 71a and 72a of forward rotation relays 71 and 72 for forward or reverse rotation of the above-described switching motor 69 are connected to the output side of the control unit J. The switching motor 69 is configured to be able to rotate forward and reverse by switching the contacts 71a and 72a of the relays 71 and 72.

Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, a front sensor 81 for detecting the upper part of the grain stick at the front of the machine body is provided at an appropriate position in the front part of the machine body. Is provided at a position at which the base should pass, and the output signals of these sensors 81 and 82 are supplied to the control unit J shown in FIG.

Next, an example of the operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be described.

Now, when the engine H is started, its power is transmitted to the input shaft of the HST 9 via the output shaft 5 and the belt 8, and when the lever of the HST 9 is continuously operated, the power is transmitted to the crawler 11 and the traveling unit G is in the running state. Next, when the mowing and threshing clutch lever 55 is set to the "mowing and threshing" position (see FIG. 6), the forward rotation relay 71 is set.
Is excited, and the contact 71a is switched to the reverse side from that shown, and the switching motor 69 rotates forward. As a result, the cam plate 62 rotates counterclockwise, moves from the “stop” position in FIG. 5A to the “shear” position in FIG.
Rotate to the "Cut / Threshing" position in (c).

Then, when it is set to the "reaping and threshing" position, the operating pieces of the switches 75, 76 and 77 are as shown in the figure, and the switching motor 69 is rotated by the signals from the switches 75, 76 and 77. To stop. As a result, the clutch wires 28a and 29a are both pulled, and the clutch 28 and the clutch 29 are both connected, and the power of the engine H is output from the output shaft 5, the belt 14, the threshing unit drive shaft 1
2, while being transmitted to the threshing unit E via the threshing unit drive shaft 12, the belt 17, the ring cone transmission 18, the reduction gear 22, the belt 25 and the like.

When the harvesting and threshing operation is started in this way, the control unit J starts the following harvesting speed control of the harvesting unit in accordance with the selection of the operation mode changeover switch 54.
That is, as shown in FIG. 8, when the standard mode is selected, the traveling speed of the traveling unit is controlled so as to be proportional to the cutting speed of the reaper, and when the lodging mode is selected, they are proportionally controlled. Control so that a constant relationship is maintained. Hereinafter, this control will be described in detail.

First, when the traveling speed detected by the traveling speed sensor 35 is input to the control unit J, the control unit J cuts the target corresponding to the detected traveling speed according to the selection mode of the work mode changeover switch 54. The speed is set by table processing or the like (see FIG. 8). Next, when the cutting speed detected by the cutting speed sensor 36 is input to the control unit J,
The control unit J compares the detected cutting speed with the previously set target cutting speed.

As a result of the comparison, when the detected cutting speed is lower than the target cutting speed, the speed-increasing relay 52 is excited, and the relay contact 52a is switched to the reverse side as shown. As a result, the ring cone motor 42 rotates forward, for example, and moves the shifter 38 of the ring cone transmission 18 to the speed increasing side, so that the speed of the mowing unit increases. On the other hand, when the detected cutting speed exceeds the target cutting speed, on the other hand, the deceleration relay 53 is energized, and the relay contact 53a is switched to the opposite side of the drawing. As a result, the ring cone motor 42 rotates, for example, in the reverse direction to move the shifter 38 of the ring cone transmission 18 to the deceleration side, so that the speed of the mowing unit decreases. Therefore, by such control, the cutting speed of the cutting unit becomes the target value.

In the above embodiment, the control as shown in FIG. 8 can be performed.
The harvesting operation mode operation can be performed according to various conditions such as varieties, wetness, and differences in the characteristics of the field scene. In addition, operation in a mode in which these conditions are combined is also possible.

The work mode changeover switch 54 is provided at the grip of the HST lever 57 for increasing or decreasing the traveling speed provided on the driver's cab. Mode switching can be performed by hand, operation is simple, there is no need to keep an eye on the front during work, and further, there is an advantage that the switching operation can be performed with a fingertip with light labor.

For detecting the operating speed of the mowing section, the turning angle of the arm for changing the gear ratio of the ring cone transmission 18 is detected by a potentiometer, and the output value of the ring cone transmission 18 on the output side is detected from the detected value. There may be a case in which the mowing unit operation speed is configured to be estimated. However, in this embodiment, the cutting speed sensor 36 is provided at the side end of the output shaft 20 of the ring cone transmission 18 as described above, so that not only the detection accuracy is improved as compared with the case of using a potentiometer, but also the In addition, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to perform fine adjustment such as adjusting the resistance value of the potentiometer at the time of maintenance.

Further, in this embodiment, two types of the harvesting operation mode, the "standard mode" and the "overturning mode", are set, but these are intermediate characteristics of the two modes, that is, the traveling speed is in the low speed range. Sometimes, the "intermediate mode" having such a characteristic that the mowing unit is driven at a high speed close to the lodging mode and the mowing unit is driven at a low speed close to the standard mode when the traveling speed is in a high speed range (FIG. 9). ). If the "intermediate mode" is set particularly when harvesting grain in a partially laid field, it is not necessary to switch the work mode changeover switch 54 each time, and the operation is simplified.

Further, if the front sensor 81 does not detect the upper part of the cereal rod even though the cereal sensor 82 detects the cereal rod base and the cereal is present, the controller J determines that the cereal is in the lying state and the control unit J Automatically change the work mode to "downturn mode". In the embodiment configured as described above, the harvesting operation mode is automatically selected in accordance with the laid state of the crop, even if the operator does not frequently perform the switching operation, so that the labor of the operator can be simplified. There is. The reason why the work mode changeover switch 54 is provided in spite of the provision of such a means for automatically changing the mowing work mode is that the standard mode and the lying mode B can correspond to the hand mode. .

[0035]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a predetermined target cutting speed is set in accordance with the traveling speed of the traveling unit, and the cutting speed of the cutting unit is detected. Since the values are compared with each other and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission is changed so that the two values match each other, it is possible to mow cereals at an appropriate cutting speed according to the cutting conditions. Therefore, smooth work can be performed at an appropriate cutting speed according to the state of the variety, the wetting condition at the time of cutting, and the nature of the cutting field, as well as the laid state of the grain.

Further, means for detecting whether or not the crop to be cut by the reaping unit is in a laid state is provided, and when the laid state is in a laid state, the target cutting speed is changed to a target cutting speed. In the state of the fall, the target cutting speed can be automatically changed, and the operation becomes easy.

In the second invention, in addition to the above, the work mode switching means is attached to the traveling speed change lever, so that the operation mode can be selected without releasing the traveling speed change lever.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram corresponding to the first invention.

FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram corresponding to the second invention.

3A and 3B show a combine for embodying the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is a side view and FIG. 3B is a plan view.

FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a power transmission mechanism of a combine implementing the present invention.

FIGS. 5A to 5C are plan views showing the operation of a clutch operation mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of an operation unit in a driver's seat.

FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating connection between a control unit and peripheral devices thereof.

FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a “standard mode” and a “downturn mode” that are operation modes.

FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a “standard mode”, a “laying down mode”, and an “intermediate mode” which are work modes.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a main part of the second invention embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A cutting unit H engine J control unit 18 ring cone transmission 35 running speed sensor 36 cutting speed sensor 38 shifter 81 forward sensor 82 grain stick sensor

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-320927 (JP, A) JP-A-2-134830 (JP, U) JP-A-62-89926 (JP, U) JP-A-1 59025 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 69/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A continuously variable transmission interposed in a power path between a prime mover and a cutting unit, a traveling speed detecting unit for detecting a traveling speed of the combine, a cutting speed detecting unit for detecting a cutting speed of the cutting unit. A laying state detecting means for detecting whether a grain to be cut by the reaping unit is in a laying state; a cutting speed setting means for setting a predetermined target cutting speed corresponding to a detection value of the traveling speed detecting means; Changing means for changing the target cutting speed set by the cutting speed setting means to a predetermined target cutting speed corresponding to the falling state when the detecting means detects the falling state; anda detecting value of the cutting speed detecting means. Comparing means for comparing with either the target cutting speed set by the cutting speed setting means or the target cutting speed changed by the changing means; Reaper operating speed control apparatus comprising and a speed ratio changing means for changing the transmission ratio of the transmission combine. 2. A continuously variable transmission interposed in a power path between a prime mover and a reaping unit of a combine, a traveling speed detecting means for detecting a traveling speed of the combine, and a cutting speed detecting means for detecting a reaping speed of the reaping unit. A lodging state detecting means for detecting whether or not the grain to be cut by the cutting unit is in a lodging state; a work mode switching means for selecting a mode of a cutting operation; a detection value of the traveling speed detecting means; and a work mode switching means. A cutting speed setting unit for setting a predetermined target cutting speed corresponding to the selected work mode; and a target cutting speed set by the cutting speed setting unit when the falling state detecting unit detects a falling state. Changing means for changing to a predetermined target cutting speed according to the state, a detection value of the cutting speed detecting means, a target cutting speed set by the cutting speed setting means or A comparison means for comparing with one of the target cutting speeds changed by the change means, and a speed ratio change means for changing a speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission based on a result of the comparison. A harvester operating speed control device for a combine harvester, wherein a switching means is attached to a traveling shift lever.