JP3115186B2 - Speaker structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides a yoke, which is a magnetic circuit component of a bass speaker, provided with a support member such as a column for mounting a treble speaker, and a front side of the bass speaker via the support member. And a structure of a coaxial speaker in which a high-frequency speaker is disposed.

[Prior art]

The structure of a conventional general coaxial speaker will be described with reference to FIGS. 13A and 13B.
The support 2 is provided on the top 21a of the yoke 21 constituting the magnetic circuit of FIG.
2 is provided, and the loudspeaker 3 for high frequency is attached via the support column 22. As a result, the diaphragm 2 of the loudspeaker 2 for low frequency
The speaker 3 has a structure in which a treble speaker 3 for treble is arranged in front of the speaker 3.

[0002] Such a coaxial speaker is widely used in a vehicle for the purpose of car audio, and is often attached to a lower portion of a dashboard in front of a driver's seat, a door on a side of a seat, or the like. In addition, it is well known that the mounting position of the speaker is installed at a position lower than the position of the ear of the driver or the passenger due to the restriction condition by the function and structure of the dashboard and the door.

However, in the case of ordinary home audio,
The listener is located on the front surface of the diaphragm of the speaker, and it is assumed that the listener listens at substantially the same height as the center of the speaker, that is, the ear position and the speaker position. However, in general, when listening in a room, it is generally possible to satisfy the above premise, but in a vehicle interior, a situation in which a driver or a passenger listens in a normal room due to the mounting position and orientation of the speaker, that is, It is almost impossible to listen almost on the central axis of the speaker. In other words, the sound coming out of the speaker is generally heard at an angle of several tens of degrees with respect to the central axis.

Accordingly, when a coaxial speaker is used in a vehicle, the characteristics of the coaxial speaker at a distance of 1 meter on the axis are of course important, but if the directional characteristics are not good, a good balance is obtained when the vehicle is actually mounted. It cannot be heard by sound. In particular, since the high-frequency speaker 3 has a higher reproduction frequency than the low-frequency speaker 2 that reproduces the low-mid range, the directivity is stronger than that of the low-frequency speaker 2, and the reproduction sound can be obtained only in a narrow range, that is, on the vicinity of the speaker axis. As described above, the position of the occupant's ear is far away from the axis of the loudspeaker, so that there has been a demand for an improvement in the high-frequency loudspeaker 3 in the coaxial loudspeaker mounted on a vehicle.

[0005]

However, a general coaxial speaker is called a cone type, a dome type, a balanced dome type, or the like on the front surface of a circular cone type bass speaker 2 as viewed from the front. The treble speaker 3 is attached, and the treble speaker 3 often uses a diaphragm having a circular shape when viewed from the front.
Taking as an example a commonly used 6.5-inch coaxial speaker having a common name of 6.5 inches, the neck portion 2 of the cone-shaped diaphragm 23 of the low-frequency speaker 2 called 6.5 inches will be described.
A balanced dome type high frequency speaker having a diaphragm outer diameter of about 25 mm is arranged at a position near 24 mm from 3a and near the center of the front surface of the cone.

The directional characteristics of the coaxial speaker are as shown in FIG. The directional characteristic is a commonly used method, that is, the loudspeaker is rotated and moved to a predetermined angle (for example, each frequency such as 30, 60 in the case of this conventional example) while keeping the microphone distance (1 meter). The frequency characteristics at each angle are measured, but in the case of an in-vehicle device, the position of the occupant's ear is taken into consideration. The result is obtained by measuring the frequency characteristics of the rotational movement. The solid line shown in the figure is the frequency characteristic on the axis (0.), and the broken line is 75. FIG.

A loudspeaker 3 having a circular diaphragm near the center of the front of a bass speaker 2 having a circular diaphragm.
The directivity of the coaxial speaker provided with the symbol exhibits the directivity of the speaker, and the directivity on the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the speaker does not change as a matter of course. Therefore, even when the antenna is arranged on a door or the like when mounted on a vehicle, the directivity is constant, and it is practically impossible to control the directivity according to the acoustic conditions in the vehicle compartment.

Therefore, in the case of a conventional general vehicle-mounted coaxial loudspeaker, acoustic conditions are set based on the assumption of an average vehicle interior shape, and a loudspeaker having a performance matching this condition is designed and manufactured. However, the shape of the cabin varies widely depending on the type of vehicle, and the acoustic conditions also vary depending on the interior material of the cabin.Therefore, there are a wide variety of acoustic conditions, and only rough handling is possible. In particular, it is difficult to control the directivity of the high-frequency speaker 3.

In order to improve the directivity of the high-frequency loudspeaker 3 of the coaxial loudspeaker using a circular diaphragm viewed from the front, a method corresponding to this situation, as shown in FIG. Is generally inclined with respect to the center axis of the cross section of the bass speaker 2. In this method, the frame 37, the magnetic circuit, and the like of the treble speaker 3 on the side where the treble speaker 3 is inclined are provided. Diaphragm 2
3 and the stroke of the diaphragm 23 is limited.

In order to secure this stroke, the mounting position of the treble speaker 3 must be increased, and this method has a drawback of deteriorating the space factor, and emphasizes compactness, especially mount depth. This is a fatal drawback in the in-vehicle speaker, and the mounting structure of the treble speaker 3 is also complicated.

On the other hand, as a method of improving the directivity of a speaker, it is conceivable to make the diaphragm an elliptical shape when viewed from the front of the speaker. A speaker having an elliptical diaphragm is used for a bass speaker or a full-range speaker. It is well known that the directivity in the minor axis direction is weaker (the sound spreads in the minor axis direction) than the directivity in the major axis direction of the diaphragm.

As an application of this method, a circular diaphragm 31 is used in the treble speaker 3 of a coaxial speaker.
A horn having a circular shape on the throat side and an elliptical opening on the throat side is provided on the diaphragm to improve the directivity. However, this method makes the horn length worse the space factor,
In the case of an in-vehicle speaker that emphasizes compactness, the same fatal drawback as described above occurs. Further, the addition of the horn also complicates the structure and increases the weight, which is disadvantageous for the weight reduction required of the in-vehicle speakers in recent years.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional device and to improve the directional characteristics, especially the directional characteristics of a high-frequency speaker, and to achieve a compact and high-performance vehicle-mounted device. An object of the present invention is to provide an optimum speaker structure as a coaxial speaker.

[0014]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a yoke, which is a magnetic circuit component of a bass speaker, by providing a support member such as a column and supporting the yoke through the support member. In a vehicle-mounted door mount coaxial speaker with a treble speaker attached to the front side,
At the time of installation, the entire body can be rotated in the circumferential direction and
A high-frequency loudspeaker in which at least the outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm has an elliptical shape when viewed from the front is arranged such that the central axis of the diaphragm is on or near the central axis of the diaphragm of the low-frequency speaker It is arranged so that it may be located.

In the case where the high-frequency speaker is fixedly arranged on the supporting member, the mounting angle of the coaxial speaker is variably adjusted when the coaxial speaker is mounted, and is optimally adapted to the position of the occupant's ear and the conditions in the passenger compartment. Mount so that directivity is obtained. Further, the treble speaker can be rotatably supported with respect to the center axis of the supporting member, and the directivity at the listening position can be changed by adjusting the rotation of the treble speaker.

[0016]

A small high-frequency loudspeaker which can be used for a coaxial type in which the outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm is formed in an elliptical shape when viewed from the front has not been generally produced, and the high-frequency loudspeaker is incorporated. No overall performance of the coaxial speaker in such a case, for example, the effect of the installation state of the treble speaker on the bass speaker or the performance of the directivity as the treble speaker has been confirmed.

Although we have previously proposed an elliptical treble speaker, this treble speaker can be used as it is. Since the coaxial speaker configured as described above has a feature that the elliptical diaphragm spreads the sound in the minor axis direction, the coaxial speaker in which the directivity is biased in the loudspeaker region is higher than the conventional coaxial speaker. When the speaker is installed, the angle of the treble speaker is set to an arbitrary angle, so that the reproduced sound with higher sound quality and balance than the conventional coaxial speaker can be given to the passenger. Can be provided.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12. The same components as those of the conventional coaxial speaker described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15 are denoted by the same reference numerals. The diaphragm 23 of the bass speaker 2 in the coaxial speaker SP has a depth of about 15 mm by applying an epoxy resin to a carbon fiber woven fabric and using the resin as a binder.
After thermoforming into a cone shape, the diameter is 107
mm, the inner diameter of the neck portion 23a is trimmed to 31.1 mm.
An edge (suspension) 23b called a roll edge having a diameter of 8 mm and a radius of 8 mm is provided, and a margin of the outer peripheral portion of the edge 23b is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the frame 24 of the bass speaker 2. Adhered to.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a frame of the bass speaker 2;
Is a magnetic circuit of the bass speaker 2. The magnetic gap 27 formed by the yoke 21 and the top plate 26 has an inner diameter of 29.95 mm, an outer diameter of 32.25 mm, and a gap width of 2.3 mm. A voice coil 28 is arranged in the magnetic gap 27, and the voice coil 28 and the neck 23a of the diaphragm 23 of the low frequency speaker 2 are bonded.

A hole 21b is provided at the center of a yoke 21 which is a magnetic circuit component of the bass speaker 2.
A support 22 as a support member for attaching the speaker and the like is adhered to the top 21a of the yoke 21 of the bass speaker 2, and a tapping 12 is formed at the center of the bottom of the yoke 12 of the speaker 1 for bass.
1A and 1B, a screw 2 is inserted into the hole 21b from the bottom of the yoke 21 of the bass speaker 2 as shown in FIGS.
1d is inserted, and the column 22 is fixed between the yoke top 21a of the bass speaker 2 and the bottom of the yoke 12 of the treble speaker 1.

Since the support column 22 has a length of 25 mm and a thickness of the high-pitched speaker 1 is 9.9 mm, the position of the diaphragm 11 of the high-pitched speaker 1 is from the yoke top 21 a of the low-pitched speaker 2. Approximately 35mm, bass speaker 2
Is disposed on the central axis on the front surface of the diaphragm 23. Further, next to the hole 21b, the input lead wire 21 of the high-frequency speaker 1 is provided.
e is provided with a hole 21c, through which a connection is made through a network circuit and then through a lead wire 21e.

The treble speaker 1 is a speaker having an elliptical shape proposed earlier. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C, the outer peripheral shape 11a viewed from the front of the diaphragm 11 has a major axis of 33 mm and a minor axis of 22 m.
m, and has a cone-shaped cross section. Therefore, the elliptical shape continues to the neck, and the voice coil 14 also has a major axis of 15.46 mm and a minor axis of 1
It has an elliptical shape of 0.13 mm.

In this embodiment, since the diaphragm 11, the voice coil 14, and the chamber 15 are integrally formed, the chamber 15 (dome) is also oval. The width of the magnetic gap 16 is 1.3 mm, and the magnet 13 has a major axis of 35 mm, a minor axis of 24 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm.
An elliptical neodymium-based magnet is used, and the center of the bottom of the yoke 12 is tapped 12a. FIG. 3 shows the frequency characteristic of the treble speaker 1 at 1 meter on the axis.

A network circuit as shown in FIG. 4 was added, and the on-axis frequency characteristics of both the low frequency speaker 2 (woofer) and the high frequency speaker 1 (tweeter) were measured. The characteristics shown were obtained. Further, the directional characteristics (75.) of the speaker in this state are the results shown by the broken lines in FIGS. That is, FIG. 6 is measured from the short diameter direction 1a of the diaphragm 11 of the treble speaker 1, and FIG. 7 is measured from the long diameter direction 1b of the diaphragm 11 of the treble speaker 1.

When examining the directivity of the coaxial speaker SP for a vehicle mounted as described above, the directivity in the short diameter direction 1a and the directivity in the long diameter direction 1b are 3 kHz.
It was confirmed that the difference was clearly different from the vicinity to around 20 kHz. Therefore, unlike the conventional coaxial speaker, by adjusting the angle of the treble speaker 1 when mounted on the vehicle in accordance with the shape of the vehicle interior and the like, it is possible to more effectively provide reproduced sound. Was removed, the speaker of the present example was attached to the same place, the angle of the high-frequency speaker was adjusted, and a comparative test was performed. As a result, a sound quality evaluation much better than that of the conventional speaker could be obtained.

Further, when an experiment was carried out by attaching to a door of another car, as shown in FIG. 8, the line from the position of the occupant's ear to the treble speaker was used as a reference axis and about 30 with respect to the reference axis. The most effective effect can be obtained when the vehicle is mounted at an angle of, and when the vehicle is mounted on another vehicle type, for example, a door of a one-box car, it is approximately 20 as shown in FIG. Was effective.

In the case of the above embodiment, the shape of the diaphragm 11, the voice coil 14 and the chamber 15 are all elliptical for comparison with a conventional speaker, but only the diaphragm (cone) 11 is elliptical. Of course, the voice coil 14 and the chamber 15 may be formed in a circular shape as in the conventional case, and the voice coil portion may be an elliptical diaphragm or the like with a dome-shaped diaphragm.

FIGS. 11 and 12 are perspective views showing an example in which the above-described coaxial speaker SP is applied to a home audio as a stand-type speaker.

[0029]

According to the structure of the loudspeaker of the present invention, it has been found that the directional characteristics of the high-frequency loudspeaker region are improved in the short diameter direction. By adjusting the angle of the treble speaker according to the position of the ear of the user and the shape of the vehicle interior, it is extremely effective in adjusting the directivity of the treble speaker, and more effective in reproducing balanced sound Can be provided.

Further, since the compact speaker is not different from the conventional one, the mount depth does not change and the external dimensions can be made exactly the same as the conventional coaxial speaker. Can be rotated about the central axis when viewed from the front, and when mounting a coaxial speaker to a door or the like, the angle of the treble speaker can be changed by intentionally changing the position of the mounting hole for the bass speaker. Therefore, the purpose can be achieved very easily.

This function exhibits an important advantage especially for a speaker mounted on a vehicle. In other words, the conventional low-pitched speaker of a coaxial speaker for door mounting uses a common mounting hole pitch in consideration of compatibility, and since the external dimensions of the mounting depth and the like are completely the same, the conventional mounting is performed. It is possible to easily adjust the directivity only by replacing the existing speaker with the speaker of the present embodiment.

In the angle adjustment, the frame of the conventional bass speaker is generally provided with a large number of mounting holes. ~ 45. It is possible to change the mounting angle within the range. Therefore, in this category, the angle adjustment of the treble speaker can be substantially satisfied, and even when the pitch adjustment of the treble speaker cannot be satisfied with the conventional pitch of the mounting holes, the pitch of the mounting holes provided in the frame is reduced. It is only necessary to provide a smaller size, so that it is possible to easily cope with the problem.

Further, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the support as a support member has a rotatable structure including a rotating shaft and a bearing, and the loudspeaker for high frequency is rotated about a central axis as viewed from the front, thereby mounting the loudspeaker. It is possible to easily provide a mechanism that can change the angle, and it is possible to more easily perform adjustment in the vehicle interior. In the conventional variable structure, the mechanism is extremely complicated and the compactness is lost when it is installed on the yoke of the bass speaker. However, in the present invention, the variable structure is a rotating mechanism, and the center axis is centered when viewed from the front. This is basically a very simple structure compared to the conventional variable mechanism. Therefore, it is possible to easily incorporate this variable mechanism into a coaxial speaker.

Further, the coaxial speaker of the present invention can be used for home audio, and by arranging the elliptical diaphragms in the vertical direction as in the embodiment of FIG. Of the sound can be improved, and a feeling of sound spread can be obtained. Further, when the above-mentioned variable function is provided, the directivity can be easily adjusted in accordance with the speaker installation conditions, the indoor shape, and the like. For example, when the speaker is installed at a position higher than the ear position of the listener, the rotation angle of the high-frequency speaker can be adjusted as shown in FIG. It is possible to easily provide an audio reproduction sound.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the structure of the speaker of the present invention,
(A) is a front view of a speaker, (B) is a cross-sectional view.

FIG. 2 shows a treble speaker, wherein (A) is a front view,
(B) is a partial sectional side view, and (C) is an enlarged sectional view of a magnetic gap portion.

FIG. 3 shows a frequency characteristic of one meter on the axis of a treble speaker.

FIG. 4 is a network circuit diagram of a treble speaker.

FIG. 5 shows a frequency characteristic of one meter on the axis of the coaxial speaker according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a frequency characteristic showing directivity in the minor axis direction of the coaxial speaker according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a frequency characteristic showing the directivity in the major axis direction of the coaxial speaker according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a speaker mounted on a vehicle.

FIG. 9 shows another example of a vehicle mounted on a speaker.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing another example of the structure of the speaker.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an example in which a speaker is used as home audio.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing another example in which a speaker is used as home audio.

13A and 13B show a conventional coaxial speaker, wherein FIG. 13A is a plan view and FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view.

FIG. 14 is a frequency characteristic showing a directivity characteristic of a conventional coaxial speaker.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of improving directivity of a conventional coaxial speaker. [Brief description of drawings] SP Coaxial speaker Treble speaker 1a. Short-diameter direction of treble speaker 1b. 10. Long-diameter direction of high-frequency speaker 11. Vibration plate of treble speaker 11a Peripheral part of diaphragm of treble speaker Loud speaker yoke 12a. Tapping of treble speaker 12b. 12. Yoke bottom of treble speaker 13. Magnet for loudspeaker 14. Voice coil for treble speaker Chamber of loudspeaker 16. 1. Magnetic gap of elliptical treble speaker 21. Bass speaker Yoke of bass speaker 21a. Yoke top of bass speaker 21b. Center hole of yoke of bass speaker 21c. Hole for lead wire of bass speaker 22 Prop as support member 23 Diaphragm of bass speaker

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H04R 9/06 H04R 1/24 H04R 1/32 310

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A support member such as a support is provided on a yoke which is a magnetic circuit component of a bass speaker having a circular diaphragm, and a treble speaker is attached to the front side of the bass speaker via the support member. Of the vehicle-mounted door mount coaxial speaker , the entire
The treble speaker has a configuration in which at least the outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm of the treble speaker has an elliptical shape when viewed from the front .
A speaker structure characterized in that the speaker diaphragm is arranged such that the center axis of the diaphragm of the speaker is located on or near the center axis of the diaphragm of the bass speaker. Wherein said tweeter, the is rotatably supported with respect to the central axis of the support member, so as to vary the directivity of the listening position by rotating adjusting the speaker high-sound The speaker structure according to claim 1, wherein