JP3110697B2 - Recycled powder of coffee extract cake and its use as an auxiliary ingredient for processed foods and as a raw material for activated carbon - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to the effective use of coffee extract cake, and more particularly, to the use of coffee extract cake powder and its use as an auxiliary food for processed foods or as a raw material for producing activated carbon.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The fruit of a coffee tree (coffee fruit) of an evergreen shrub of the Rubiaceae family is subjected to a purification process such as removal of pulp to produce green beans, which are sooted (lightly roasted, medium roasted, deep roasted). ), Crushed (fine ground, medium ground, coarse ground) into coffee grounds, and coffee, which is a beverage extracted from this, is loved as a favorite beverage in various parts of the world. ), And even drinking methods that utilize coffee varieties (Arabica, Robusta, Rebellica, etc.) have been proposed, and complete foods supported by its history (that is, food and drinking) Is a finished food that has been used in many countries around the world for many years.

[0003] In return, the extraction residue after the extraction of coffee grounds (in this specification, "coffee extract cake"
Or simply "coffee cake". Reuse of) is not considered at all, and is only disposed of with garbage. At present, appropriate measures are required as it relates to environmental pollution.

[0004] In detail, in an instant coffee maker that manufactures instant coffee by spray-drying or freeze-drying an extract of coffee powder, an enormous amount of coffee grounds is generated. At best, they are either disposed of as industrial waste or slightly dried to produce fuel. Alternatively, the amount of residue (coffee cake) after coffee extraction in coffee drink makers, hotels, wedding halls, various meeting places, coffee shops and restaurants, etc. is large daily. The ever increasing amount of coffee cake waste is left behind as the interest in resource recycling from disposal increases. Under such circumstances, according to the present invention, it is greatly expected that a new business for collecting the waste will appear in each region.

[0005]

With respect to the fact that the amount of coffee grounds is discarded as garbage, the amount of the ground waste is increasing at present. Even so, given the growing number of sources, there is growing interest in the problem of recycling resources,
It is an object of the present invention to devise a method for recycling coffee grounds.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems Coffee powder, which is a crushed plant seed that is finally used for food (drinking), is a residue obtained by extracting the same (coffee extract cake) even if it is edible. From the viewpoint that it can be provided to, the residue from which various specific components have been extracted is dried and left as it is, or dried and pulverized, and as a result of continuing research on the effective use of the residue, it is mainly made of dietary fiber. It has been found that a powder having an arbitrary particle size is obtained, and this can be a side ingredient of a processed food. Also,
It has been found that such powders can be used more conveniently if they are made into granules using a vegetable gum (eg, guar gum) as a binder in order to make the powder easy to use.

Further, when the residue was dried, it was found that the residue can be used as a raw material for activated carbon.

The present invention has been made based on these findings.

[0009] That is, the present invention is characterized in that coffee extract cake is dried, or dried and pulverized to produce coffee extract cake powder, and the coffee extract cake powder is made of such coffee extract cake powder. Food ingredients for processed foods,
And activated carbon produced by using such a powder of coffee extract cake as a raw material.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

First, the powder of coffee extract cake will be described.

This powder can be produced by merely drying the coffee extract cake and, after drying, pulverizing it to an appropriate particle size. The drying and pulverization methods themselves do not constitute any feature of the present invention, and can be appropriately performed by known methods. For example, at the time of drying, it is needless to say that the coffee extract cake can be appropriately dehydrated in advance by a dehydrator such as a centrifuge in order to increase the drying efficiency. The pulverization can be carried out, for example, by a grinder pulverizer.
It may be difficult to continuously obtain a powder having a fine particle size such as passing through a 0 mesh. In this case, for example, a refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen is used, and the dried coffee grounds are pulverized in a frozen state using, for example, a turbo meal pulverizer. At the time of freezing, workability may be improved by supplementing other fibers such as plant gums such as guar gum within a range that does not interfere with the use of the obtained coffee extract cake powder. In addition, depending on the use (for example, when used as a processed food supplemental food for coloring brownish brown with a uniform color), it is preferable to deodorize the boiled odor by boiling (extracting) the dried coffee grounds before grinding. In some cases.

[0013] The coffee extract cake is wet, and thus spoils in a short period of time. For example, the coffee extract cake may be white and moldy. The progress is suppressed, and the problem of being discarded as garbage (waste) is also solved.

Next, a supplementary ingredient for processed food of coffee extract cake powder which can be obtained as described above will be described.

[0015] Examples of such side ingredients include food coloring agents, extenders, texture improvers, and beverages (eg, coffee bean split drinks). In other words, it provides new foods, develops a new image in foods, and promotes the reuse of resources that were previously discarded. As a method of changing the image of food and expressing a new food image, for example, the coffee color of coffee grounds powder is used, but in this case, coffee grounds is a coffee-specific coffee Since in, tannin and the like have already been eluted, they can be effectively used as food supplements without any discomfort. In more detail, the extraction residue (coffee (extraction) cake) of coffee powder extracted with boiling water contains caffeine, tannin,
Crude sugars etc. are eluted (extracted) and are not contained. They are dried and pulverized as necessary. They are used as side ingredients for processed foods, for the purpose of increasing the amount of food, and for improving the texture and food image. It has become possible to use it to improve the quality of the work. These examples include bread, croquettes,
Potato salads, dressings, jellies, jams, ice creams, and other confectioneries have also been used widely in processed foods.

[0016] As mentioned above, the powder of coffee extract cake, when used as an auxiliary ingredient for processed food,
In order to improve usability, granules can be formed using a suitable binder such as vegetable gum such as guar gum. The granulation method itself has no special features, and can be appropriately adapted to a known method for granulating a powdery food.

Finally, activated carbon made from coffee extract cake powder will be described.

Regarding the method for producing activated carbon, "a zinc chloride solution is added to wood flour and impregnated, and then 600-70 under anoxic condition.
Heat to 0 ° C and carbonize. Alternatively, heating is performed at 800 to 1,200 ° C. while blowing steam into charcoal or coal. "
(Japanese Society of Food Industry, “New Edition of the Food Industry General Encyclopedia” P.2
58, published by Korin Co., Ltd. in 1993) and "After sufficiently carbonizing charcoal, coconut charcoal, coal char and other raw materials, high-temperature treatment with steam or impregnation with an aqueous solution such as zinc chloride and high-temperature baking It is activated by a method and is manufactured. "(" Chemistry Dictionary "P. 275, published by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 1994).

As described above, at present, activated carbon using raw materials such as trees and coconut shells is used, but its resources are limited and its cost is high, and the appearance of activated carbon using new raw materials is expected. ing.

One embodiment of the method for producing the activated carbon of the present invention using coffee extract cake powder as a raw material uses the coffee extract cake powder of the present invention as a raw material instead of the wood powder described above. .

Activated carbon is classified into powdered activated carbon, granular activated carbon, fibrous activated carbon, and the like based on its shape, and technical innovations are being promoted in accordance with the purpose. Product development is an issue.

The activated carbon from the powder of coffee extract cake of the present invention can be chemically activated by chemical activation, steam activation, or the like. Furthermore, it is an effective and high-quality raw material because it is a carbon-containing substance that is mixed with a dehydrating agent such as zinc chloride and then fired to become a porous carbon material. Therefore, even if the coffee extract cake is not present in the mannan hydrate as described below, activated carbon of various shapes is completed depending on the purpose of use, in order to form activated carbon.

Another embodiment is to produce activated carbon using coffee extract cake powder and glucomannan as main raw materials. More specifically, coffee extract cake powder, glucomannan, and glucomannan coagulant powder Water is added to the mixture and kneaded to form a hydrate of glucomannan containing coffee extract cake, which is then heated to complete irreversible coagulation,
After drying this to a solid, it is subjected to an activation treatment, stored in a baking oven and subjected to a carbonization treatment, or a carbonization treatment is performed first, followed by an activation treatment. Hereinafter, this will be described.

The glucomannan need not be pure, but may be so-called konjac mannan or konjac fine powder. Examples of the coagulant for glucomannan include alkali compounds such as calcium hydroxide.
Powder of coffee extract cake (for example, passing through 200 mesh)
Is as described above. Water is added to the powder mixture and kneaded to form a hydrated gel (glue) of glucomannan containing coffee extract cake, which is then heated to complete irreversible coagulation, and then dried and solidified like a tree. The material is subjected to an activation treatment (for example, impregnated with hot liquid of zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, or phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid, which will be described later), and the adsorption capacity for gas or dye is increased. Then, it is subjected to a carbonization treatment.

The activated carbon thus obtained is obtained by dissolving glucomannan in water, completing irreversible coagulation by heating in the presence of a coagulant, forming a strong frame structure, and removing activated carbon from trees. Although it is also carbonized, the coffee cake in the solid becomes ash, water evaporates, and the porosity increases like activated carbon from charcoal because it disappears together,
The specific surface area increases. Therefore, of course, the normal living environment,
It is widely used for purification of the natural environment, decolorization and deodorization of catalyst carriers and substances in the vinyl industry, and recovery of organic solvents.

In the activation treatment for improving the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon, the raw material is impregnated with a so-called active liquid such as zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, or a hot solution of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid before carbonizing the raw material. Next, carbonization is performed at 800 to 1,200 ° C., and washing is performed well with dilute hydrochloric acid and water.

In the case where the solid is carbonized and then activated, for example, while the steam or carbon dioxide gas is constantly circulated through the carbonized material, 800 to 1,200.
This can also be done by conventional methods, such as maintaining at 0 ° C. for 1-2 hours.

The activation treatment is performed before and after carbonization.
It can be performed multiple times.

The activated carbon thus obtained has a significantly increased porosity and an increased specific surface area as compared to before activation. Furthermore, since coffee grounds, which is a raw material, increases daily,
Its use as a raw material is extremely significant as compared with the related art.

Further, conventional activated carbon is expensive due to lack of resources and limitations of raw materials (trees, coconut shells, etc.), so that the effective value of activated carbon has not been utilized in daily life and surrounding environment. According to the present invention, the raw material of activated carbon is regenerated from such waste from the viewpoint of utilizing the coffee extraction residue. As a result, abundant raw materials allow for a wide use of activated carbon.

[0031]

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example 1 (Regenerated powder of coffee extract cake) Coffee extract cake collected at a certain hotel is dehydrated using a centrifugal dehydrator, and then dehydrated on a frame shelf (6 stages) in a heating and drying room. Is spread on a vat and left for about 12 hours (repeated 6 times), and dried coffee grounds (water content about 35%)
Was obtained in an amount of about 50 kg. Approximately 38 kg of this was taken, and the passing screen of the pulverized material was replaced with a grinder pulverizer each time to pulverize it into three types of particle sizes A (80 mesh non-passing), B (80 mesh passing) and C (150 mesh passing) Then, about 13 kg of powder having the particle size of A, about 14 kg of powder having the particle size of B, and about 10 kg of powder having the particle size of C were obtained.

The dehydrated and dried coffee grounds is frozen with liquid nitrogen, pulverized at −100 ° C. with a turbomill pulverizer, and passed through a 200 mesh (particle size D).
About 12 kg of fine powder was obtained.

Example 2 (Auxiliary Ingredient for Potato Croquette) Potatoes were peeled, divided and boiled for about 10 minutes. From this, 200g was separated and 2 pieces of solid cheese were added.
0g (cut into small pieces), granulated sugar 16
g, 2 g of salt, and 2 g (40 g in total) of the coffee grounds having the particle size C obtained in Example 1 were added and kneaded to prepare a total of 240 g of croquette internal raw material (seed). Next, divide it into four pieces, shape it into an oval shape, wrap it with flour, attach eggs, and then add breadcrumbs.
The oil was fried at 80 ° C. for about 3 minutes to obtain 220 g of potato croquette.

In this product, the potatoes (seeds) in the inside became coffee-colored, which gave a high-class feeling. In addition, it had no sticky internal texture typical of potato croquettes, that is, an improved texture.

Example 3 (Activated carbon) 20 g of konjac mannan (konjak fine powder), 10 g of coffee grounds powder (pass through 200 mesh (particle size D obtained in Example 1)), and 0.7 g of calcium hydroxide
g (total 30.7 g) was stirred with 400 g of water (25 ° C.) for about 6 minutes using a hand mixer to obtain 430 g of a mannan hydrated gel (paste). This was spread on a vat, left as it was for 60 minutes, and then cut into approximately six pieces (3.7 cm × 15 cm × 2.5 cm), dried by heating at 55 ° C. for 60 minutes with a heating dryer, and then dried for 40 minutes. It was stored in a thermostat set at a temperature of ° C and dried for 72 hours to obtain 240 g (six pieces) of solids.

Next, as a treatment before carbonization, 2 g of zinc chloride was added to 400 ml of a 0.2% aqueous solution of a sodium salt of phosphoric acid.
The solid was immersed in a suspension of the above for 20 minutes, and then carbonized in a baking oven at 1,000 ° C. for 40 minutes. Take this out, and wash it alternately with dilute hydrochloric acid and distilled water for 1 minute each to remove ash and other impurities, and perform a treatment to increase the activity. (About 80 g in total).

In this product, the powder of coffee grounds and other contaminants in the solid material turned into ash by high heat treatment, but konjac mannan was chemically changed and carbonized in a state of binding water, resulting in porosity and porosity. The specific surface area was remarkably large. As a test, after immersing 10 g of this crushed activated carbon in 180 ml of tap water for 10 minutes and drinking it, the odor of tap water and the taste like iron rust were eliminated, so the excellent adsorption activity of this activated carbon I was able to confirm that there was.

After once using the activated carbon of the present invention, it can be reused after being subjected to regeneration treatment such as alternate washing with dilute hydrochloric acid and water, high-temperature steam treatment and the like.

[0040]

According to the present invention, coffee extract cake from coffee grounds, which had to be discarded in the U.S.A., can be easily used as a by-product for processed foods and as a raw material for activated carbon. The economic effect of this is extremely large.

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-60-105477 (JP, A) JP-A-60-91959 (JP, A) JP-A-2-203747 (JP, A) JP-A 4-2605 (JP) JP-A-6-9207 (JP, A) JP-A-8-2910 (JP, A) JP-A-7-144976 (JP, A) JP-A-51-17198 (JP, A) 51-87193 (JP, A) JP-A-7-215711 (JP, A) JP-A-55-95611 (JP, A) JP-A-55-42210 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C01B 31/08 A23F 5/24 A23L 1/00 A23L 1/48

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of drying water-extracted coffee grounds,
A powder of the water-extracted cake of coffee produced by drying and pulverizing it ,
Water is added to a powder mixture of glucomannan and a coagulant of glucomannan and kneaded to form a hydrate of glucomannan,
After drying this to a solid, it is subjected to an activation treatment, carbonized, or carbonized with or without the activation treatment of the solid, and then subjected to an activation treatment to produce. Characterized activated carbon.