JP3107283B2 - How to dismantle waste appliances - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to disassembly for roughly separating metal appliances and non-metallic components in order to recycle waste household electrical appliances.
It can be used for waste home appliances using rigid metal parts such as motors such as air conditioners, microwave ovens and dryers, compressors and transformers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, dismantling of used home electric appliances is generally performed manually by a specialist. However, manual disassembly work requires a lot of labor and time due to the fact that the disassembly method differs depending on the type, size, and manufacturer of home appliances, as well as crushed screws and damaged parts mounting bullets. . In addition, there are problems in the working environment such as the bad smell generated during the dismantling work and the safety of the workers.

[0003]

If the method of dismantling waste home appliances by hand is to be automated as it is, it is difficult to deal with varieties.
A large-scale computer having advanced artificial intelligence such as size correspondence and equipment having dismantling tools corresponding to each product type and size are required, and it is difficult to realize in terms of technology, cost, capability, etc. in reality.

[0004]

According to the present invention, a method for dismantling a waste home appliance according to the present invention is to identify a metal part inside the waste home appliance by using X-ray image processing, calculate a size and a position, and remove the metal part with a mold. This is a method of punching and separating the housing and the metal parts.

[0005]

The image processing using the X-ray is performed in the XY plane, in the YZ plane.
From the X-ray image of either the plane or the ZX plane, the area of the metal part is dense and the largest area is recognized as a metal part to be punched out, and the area and the center coordinates of the area are calculated. Punching of metal parts is based on the area and coordinates calculated by image processing,
Select the size of the punching mold and move the waste home appliances,
Move the punching die or both of them to arrange the punching die and the punching metal part on a straight line, punch the metal part with the punching die, and Parts can be separated and dismantled.

If the distance for punching a metal part with a punching die is long, the position and the plane area of the metal part may change significantly due to deformation of the housing during the punching operation. In this case, X
Before performing the line image processing, waste home appliances are compressed to a certain size in a punching direction by a press or the like, and a metal component is fixed to reduce a punching distance. By adopting this method, it is possible to prevent a punching error due to the movement of a metal component generated at the time of punching.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 6 are explanatory views of a method of separating and disassembling a single-tub washing machine into a housing 1 and a motor 2 which is a metal part. A washing machine (FIG. 1) in which the position of the metal component may move during the punching of the metal component corrects the position of the washing machine in the direction of punching with a mold as shown in FIG. Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the washing machine is compressed to a certain thickness using the compressor 3. As shown in FIG. 4, the compressed washing machine is positioned so that X-ray image processing can be performed from the compressed direction, and an image is formed using the X-ray generator 5, the X-ray visible device 6, and the television camera 7. The processing is performed, and the area of the metal part is dense, and the position of the largest area part and the center coordinates of the area are calculated. For the X-rays, the X-ray tube voltage and the X-ray tube current are adjusted in advance so that the case can be seen through and the metal parts in the case can be identified. As shown in FIG. 5, the position is corrected so that the motor 2, which is a metal component, comes on the straight line of the punching die 8 from the plane of the metal component obtained in FIG. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, the washing machine is fixed by the punching die holding device 10, the upper die 9 is lowered, and the motor 2, which is a metal component, is separated onto the conveyor 17 by the lower die 15.

FIGS. 7 to 12 are views for explaining a method of separating and disassembling the two-tub washing machine into a housing 21 and a motor 22 which is a metal part. The position of the washing machine (FIG. 7) where the position of the metal part may move during the punching of the metal part is corrected (FIG. 8). Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the washing machine is compressed to a certain thickness using the compressor 3. As shown in FIG. 10, the compressed washing machine is positioned so that X-ray image processing can be performed from the compressed direction, and the X-ray generator 5, X
Image processing is performed using the line-visible device 6 and the television camera 7, and the area of the metal component is dense, and the position of the largest area portion and the center coordinates of the area are calculated. If there are two or more parts where the area of the metal parts is dense and there is a metal part with a value close to the maximum area, punch out the metal part at once, or X-ray image after punching once Whether the next metal part is to be punched after the processing is determined from the size of the punching die, the area and the center coordinates of each metal part, and the distance between the center coordinates of the center parts of each metal part. As shown in FIG. 11, the punching die 11 is selected from the plane area and the distance between the center coordinates of the two metal parts obtained in FIG. Correct the position so that 2 comes. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, the washing machine is fixed by the punching die holding device 12, and the upper die 13 is lowered.
The lower metal mold 16 separates the two metal parts, the motor 22, onto the conveyor 17.

FIGS. 13 to 16 are explanatory views of a method of separating and disassembling the refrigerator into a housing 31 and a compressor 32 which is a metal part. As shown in FIG.
1 and a compressor 32. As shown in FIG. 14, positioning 4 is performed so that X-ray image processing can be performed from the direction in which the refrigerator 31 in which Freon has been collected in advance is punched out with a mold, and the X-ray generator 5, the X-ray visualizer 6, Image processing is performed using the television camera 7, and the area of the metal component is dense, and the position of the largest area part and the center coordinates of the area are calculated. The X-rays pass through the housing in advance, and the X-ray tube voltage and the X-tube current are adjusted so that metal parts in the housing can be identified. As shown in FIG. 15, the punching die 11 is selected from the plane area obtained in FIG. 14, and the position is corrected so that the compressor 32, which is a metal component, comes on the straight line of the punching die 11. Thereafter, as shown in FIG.
2. Fix the refrigerator housing 31 with 2, lower the upper mold 13,
The lower mold 14 separates the motor 32, which is a metal part, onto the conveyor 17.

FIGS. 17 to 20 are explanatory views of a method of separating and disassembling an air conditioner into a housing 41 and a compressor 42 which is a metal part. As shown in FIG. 17, the air conditioner has a housing 41 and a compressor 42. As shown in FIG. 18, positioning 4 is performed so that X-ray image processing can be performed from the direction in which the air conditioner 41 from which Freon has been collected in advance is punched out with a mold, and the X-ray generator 5, the X-ray visualizer 6, and Image processing is performed using the television camera 7, and the area of the metal component is dense, and the position of the largest area part and the center coordinates of the area are calculated. The X-rays pass through the housing in advance, and the X-ray tube voltage and the X-tube current are adjusted so that metal parts in the housing can be identified. As shown in FIG. 19, the punching die 8 is selected from the plane area of the metal part obtained in FIG. 18, and the position is corrected so that the compressor 42 as the metal part comes on the straight line of the punching die 8. Do. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 20, the air conditioner 41 is fixed with the punching die holder 10, and the upper die 9 is fixed.
And the lower mold 15 separates the compressor 42, which is a metal part, onto the conveyor.

[0011]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. It will be possible to automatically separate and disassemble waste appliances such as washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners, etc. into metal parts such as motors and compressors and housings. Separation and dismantling can be performed automatically regardless of the structure, such as the manufacturer, size, type, etc., of the household electrical appliances.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a single-tub washing machine.

FIG. 2 is a side view illustrating an example of a compressor that compresses the washing machine.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the compressed washing machine.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram in the case of performing X-ray image processing on a compressed single-tub washing machine.

FIG. 5 is a side view when the punching die and the metal component are moved in a straight line.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a state where a metal component is separated and disassembled.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing an example of a two-tub washing machine.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing an example of a compressor for compressing the washing machine.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing the compressed washing machine.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram in the case of performing X-ray image processing on a compressed two-tub washing machine.

FIG. 11 is a side view when a punching die and a metal part are moved in a straight line.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing a state where a metal component is separated and disassembled.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing an example of a refrigerator.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram in the case of performing X-ray image processing on a refrigerator.

FIG. 15 is a side view when the punching die and the metal component are moved in a straight line.

FIG. 16 is a side view showing a state where the metal component is separated and disassembled.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an air conditioner.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a case where an air conditioner performs X-ray image processing.

FIG. 19 is a side view when the punching die and the metal part are moved in a straight line.

FIG. 20 is a side view showing a state where the metal component is separated and disassembled.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Washing machine housing, 2 ... Motor as a metal part, 3 ... Compressor, 4 ... Positioning device, 5 ... X-ray generator, 6 ... X-ray visualization device, 7 ... TV camera, 8 ... Die for punching A,
9: Upper die A, 10: Die presser A for punching, 11 ...
Punching dies B, 12 ... Punching die holding devices B, 13
... Upper mold B, 14 ... Punching stand, 15 ... Lower mold A, 16
... lower mold B, 17 ... conveyor, 21 ... washing machine housing, 22
... Motors as metal parts, 23 ... Refrigerator housing, 22 ...
Compressor that is a metal part, 24 ... air conditioner housing,
25 Compressor as a metal part.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiyuki Takamura 794, Higashi-Toyoi, Oaza, Kudamatsu City, Yamaguchi Prefecture Inside the Kasado Plant, Hitachi, Ltd. Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor Chihiro Fukumoto 4-6, Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Hitachi, Ltd. Inventor Mitsuo Ohno 4-6, Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Hitachi, Ltd. (56) References JP-A-6-114695 (JP, A) JP-A-56-115683 (JP, A) −31299 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B26F 1/38 B09B 3/00 B09B 5/00 B26D 5/32

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] When disassembling and disassembling a waste home appliance into a housing and a metal part such as a motor or a compressor, the position and size of the metal part are calculated by image processing using X-rays, and the metal part is struck. Move the mold to remove, or move the waste home appliances, or move both, select the size of the mold according to the size of the metal part, and punch the metal part with the mold A method for dismantling waste home appliances, comprising separating and dismantling. 2. A dismantling method according to claim 1, wherein when the metal component moves and changes its position and size in the punching process, the waste electric home appliance is used before performing image processing using X-rays. A method for dismantling waste household electrical appliances, comprising compressing an article so that the size and position of the metal part are not easily changed.