JP3106713B2 - Friction engagement device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a frictional engagement device used for a wet multiple disc clutch or a wet multiple disc brake of an automatic transmission or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional friction engagement device is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 924, this is a wet multi-plate clutch used as a driving force distribution control device as shown in FIG. FIG. 4A shows a clutch plate 36 used in a wet multi-plate clutch.
FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

A friction material 36c is provided on the surface of a metal plate 36a.
A plurality of annular clutch plates 36 to which are fixed are spline-fitted alternately to the inner periphery of the outer drum 30 and the outer periphery of the inner drum 32, and the clutch plates 36 are pressed (engaged) with each other by the piston 38 so that The torque transmission between the drum 30 and the inner drum 32 is possible. An oil groove 48 penetrating in the radial direction is formed on the surface of the clutch plate 36 (the surface of the friction material 36c), and an oil passage 50 penetrating in the radial direction is formed inside the metal plate 36a. The cooling oil flows from the inner circumference to the outer circumference of the oil passage 50 by centrifugal force to cool the surface of the clutch plate 36.

[0004]

In the above-described configuration of the friction engagement device, there is a possibility that an engagement force that is deviated in the radial direction is applied to the friction material 36c when the clutch plate 36 is engaged. Therefore, when the friction material 36c cannot be elastically deformed, a biased engaging force is transmitted to the friction material 36c and the metal plate 36a, and the friction material 36c may be separated from the metal plate 36a due to stress concentration. Therefore, generally, the friction material 3
In selecting the material 6c, a material (paper material) that can be elastically deformed is selected so that the biased engaging force is absorbed by the friction material 36c. This reduces the durability of 36c.

In order to solve the above problem, the friction material 36c
Instead of this, a method is considered in which the metal plate 36a is made of a material that can be elastically deformed and a biased engaging force is absorbed on the plate side. By the method, the friction material 36c
Can be selected from materials having high durability and incapable of being elastically deformed. However, since the plate is made of a material which can be elastically deformed, the durability is poor.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem by making a metal plate structurally elastically deformable.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a frictional engagement device according to the present invention, as shown in FIG.
An annular first metal plate 40 having a friction material 41 attached to at least one surface thereof;
Annular second surface facing the surface to which the friction material 41 is attached
Metal plate 30, the first metal plate 40 and the second
Becomes a metal plate 30 from the pressing means 53 for moving the crimping direction, the frictional engagement device to be crimped to the first metal plate 40 and the second metal plate 30 torque transmittable manner by the pressing means 53, the Friction material 41
The cross section in the circumferential direction of the attached first metal plate 40 is formed substantially in a wavy shape at all portions so that the first metal plate 40 can be elastically deformed in the crimping direction.

[0008]

The pressing means 5 for moving the first annular metal plate 40 and the second annular metal plate 30 in the pressing direction.
By 3, a first metal plate 40 second metal plate 30 is crimped allowing torque transmitted via the friction Kosuzai 4 1 of the first metal plate 40. At this time, the first metal plate 40 has a substantially wavy cross section in the circumferential direction at all portions so that the first metal plate 40 can be elastically deformed in the crimping direction.
An arbitrary radially biased pressing force can be absorbed by the first metal plate 40 being elastically deformed.

[0009]

Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings to clarify the details of the present invention.

FIG. 1A shows a wet multi-plate clutch to which the friction engagement device of this embodiment is applied.
Reference numeral 0 denotes a driving-side rotating body, 20 denotes a driven-side rotating body, 30 denotes a drive plate (second metal plate), and 40 denotes a driven plate (first metal plate).

The driving-side rotator 10 and the driven-side rotator 20 are arranged concentrically. The drive plate 30 and the driven plate 40 are made of metal and are annular. The inner periphery of the drive plate 30 is splined on the outer periphery of the driving-side rotating body 10, and the outer periphery of the driven plate 40 is splined on the inner periphery of the driven-side rotating body 20. They are fitted and arranged alternately in the axial direction. An annular friction material 41 (friction portion) obtained by curing a thermosetting resin is attached to both surfaces of the driven plate 40.

At the axial ends of the drive plate 30 and the driven plate 40 which are alternately arranged, pressing means 53 for pressing in the axial direction is provided. In the direction of rotation and engaging (pressing), the driving-side rotating body 1
0 and the driven-side rotator 20 can transmit torque. The pressing force of the pressing means 53 is variable, and the drive plate 30 is changed by changing the engaging force.
And the driven plate 40 (friction member 41) in a sliding state (half-clutch state), thereby making the torque transmission rate variable. Cooling oil for cooling frictional heat generated in the sliding state is filled in the space between the driving-side rotating body 10 and the driven-side rotating body 20.

The drive plate 30 is a perspective view of FIG. 1B, and a circumferential sectional view of an arbitrary portion of FIG.
As shown in (b), a cross-sectional view taken along line AA), the inside of the drive plate 30 penetrates from the inner circumference to the outer circumference, and the circumferential section is such that triangles and inverted triangles are alternately adjacent in all parts. A (substantially corrugated) through hole 32 is formed so as to be elastically deformable in the axial direction. The through-hole 32 has an opening 33 that opens to both friction surfaces 31 at the apexes of a triangle and an inverted triangle. The opening 33 is as narrow as possible so that the area of the friction surface 31 increases. These shapes are formed by folding a single metal plate by a press or the like.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When the drive plate 30 and the driven plate 40 are moved in the axial direction by the pressing means 53, the drive plate 3
0 and the driven plate 40 are engaged via the friction material 41. Then, torque is transmitted between the driving-side rotating body 10 and the driven-side rotating body 20 according to the engagement force. Conventionally, the engaging force deviated in the radial direction at the time of engagement is transmitted to the friction material 41, the drive plate 30, and the driven plate 40, and the friction material 41 may be separated from the driven plate 40 due to stress concentration. A biased engaging force is absorbed by the friction material 41 using an elastically deformable paper material. In this embodiment, the drive plate 3
0, the through-hole 32 is formed such that the triangular section and the inverted triangle are alternately adjacent to each other in the circumferential section at all portions, and the shape is elastically deformable in the axial direction. The biased engagement force can be absorbed. Therefore, it is possible to use only the above-mentioned thermosetting resin having high durability (which has been conventionally used as a binder for paper material) as the friction material 41, and the molding is also simplified. Also, the drive plate 3 can be used without using the friction material 41.
It is also possible to form a mesh-shaped friction portion directly on the friction surface of the zero or driven plate 40.

On the other hand, the through hole 32 also functions as a cooling oil passage. When the drive plate 30 and the driven plate 40 are engaged in a sliding state by the pressing means 53, frictional heat is generated from the friction surface 31. Therefore, the drive plate 30
Due to the centrifugal force of the rotation, the cooling oil always flows from the inner peripheral portion 51 to the outer peripheral portion 52 through the through hole 32 and the opening 33.
The cooling oil flowing through the through hole 32 cools the friction surface 31 via the drive plate 30, and the cooling oil flowing through the opening 33 directly cools the friction surface 31. At the same time, the cooling oil existing on the friction surface 31 in the early stage of engagement is cut into the through hole 32 through the opening 33, so that the dynamic friction coefficient of the friction surface 31 can be kept high and stable.

Although the cooling efficiency of the friction surface 31 increases as the flow rate of the cooling oil increases, in the case of the conventional structure in which the oil groove 48 is provided on the friction surface of the friction material 36c as shown in FIG. To increase the width, the width of the oil groove 48 must be increased. This leads to a reduction in the area of the friction surface, which in turn causes problems such as an increase in the amount of heat generated per unit area of the friction surface and a decrease in engagement force. Further, even if the flow amount of the oil passage 50 is increased, the flow amount on the friction surface does not change because it is not communicated with the friction surface. In this embodiment, one drive plate 3
By squaring 0 and making the opening 33 of the through hole 32 as narrow as possible and widening the through hole 32 in the axial direction, it is possible to increase only the flow amount while keeping the area of the friction surface 31 constant. Further, the contact area of the cooling oil to the drive plate 30 is large due to the drive plate 30 being folded, and the cooling efficiency of the friction surface 31 via the drive plate 30 is high.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Since the configuration other than the drive plate of the second embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, a drive plate different from that of the first embodiment will be described below.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the drive plate 60 of the present embodiment. The drive plate 60 is an annular corrugated plate 62 elastically deformable in the axial direction between two metal plates 61.
Are joined at the contact 65 to the two metal plates 61 by brazing or the like. And corrugated sheet 6
2, a through hole 63 penetrating the inside of the drive plate 60 from the inner periphery to the outer periphery is formed. Therefore,
As in the first embodiment, the drive plate 60 can absorb the engaging force.

On the other hand, due to the centrifugal force of the rotation of the drive plate 60, the cooling oil always flows through the through hole 63 from the inner circumference to the outer circumference. The cooling oil flowing through the through-hole 63 cools the friction surface 66 via the corrugated plate 62 and the metal plate 65. Further, since the metal plate 61 has a plurality of communicating portions 64 that communicate the through hole 63 and both friction surfaces 66, the cooling oil flowing out from the through hole 63 to the communicating portion 64 directly cools the friction surface 66. In the initial stage of the engagement, the cooling oil on the friction surface 66 is cut into the through hole 63 through the communication portion 64. Here, since the plurality of communicating portions 64 are provided to such an extent that the area of the friction surface 66 is not affected, the flow amount of the cooling oil is kept constant while the area of the friction surface 66 is kept constant as in the first embodiment. It is possible to increase. Further, the contact area of the cooling oil with the drive plate 60 is increased by the corrugated plate 62, and the cooling efficiency of the friction surface 66 via the drive plate 60 is increased.

[0020]

As described above, in the frictional engagement device of the present invention, since the cross section in the circumferential direction is formed substantially in a wavy shape in all portions so that the metal plate can be elastically deformed in the crimping direction, any desired value can be obtained. Even if a radially biased pressing force is applied to the metal plate, the biased pressing force can be absorbed by the metal plate itself. Therefore, a material that can be elastically deformed in order to absorb the pressing force on the friction material side has been conventionally selected, but a material that is highly durable and cannot be elastically deformed can be selected in the friction engagement device of the present invention. Become like

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 (a) is a wet multi-plate clutch to which the friction engagement device according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention is applied. (B) A perspective view of a drive plate of the friction engagement device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. (C) A circumferential sectional view of the drive plate of the friction engagement device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a drive plate of a friction engagement device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a wet multi-plate clutch to which a conventional friction engagement device is applied.

FIG. 4A is a front view of a clutch plate of a conventional friction engagement device. (B) Sectional drawing of the clutch board of the conventional friction engagement device.

[Explanation of symbols]

30 second metal plate 40 first metal plate 41 friction material 53 pressing means

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16D 13/62 F16D 13/52 F16D 13/72

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A friction material on at least one surface mounting
A first metal annular plate that is, a second metal plate annular friction member of the first metal plate is opposed to a surface mounted, a first metal plate and the second metal plate consists of a pressing means for moving the crimping direction, the frictional engagement device to be capable of transmitting torque crimp the first metal plate and the second metal plate by the pressing means, the friction material of the first attached Metal play
DOO is, the frictional engagement device, characterized in that it is formed in a substantially wave shape in all parts elastically deformable manner in the circumferential direction of the cross-section in pressure Incoming.