JP3105061B2 - Automotive braking and auxiliary power units - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention converts mechanical energy generated when braking an internal combustion engine into electric energy and accumulates the same, and assists the accumulative electric energy when accelerating the internal combustion engine. It is used for a device that generates mechanical energy by supplying it to the device. The present invention is used in a device in which a cage-type polyphase induction machine is connected to a rotating shaft of an internal combustion engine, and the cage-type polyphase induction machine acts as a generator during braking and acts as a motor during acceleration. The present invention is a device suitable for mounting on a vehicle equipped with an auxiliary acceleration and auxiliary braking device sold by the present applicant under the name of HIMR.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The applicant of the present invention has published International Publication WO 88/88.
No. 0617 (International Application No. PCT / JP / 00157) discloses an electric braking and auxiliary acceleration device for a vehicle. As shown in FIG. 7, this device has a squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine 2 whose rotor is directly connected to an internal combustion engine 1, a secondary battery circuit 3 as a power storage means, and a direct current (DC) of the secondary battery circuit 3. The voltage is converted into an AC voltage having a frequency suitable for inducing a rotating magnetic field having a rotation speed lower than the shaft rotation speed of the cage type polyphase induction machine 2, and the converted voltage is applied to the cage type polyphase induction machine 2. Inverter circuit 4 for converting AC power from the multi-phase induction motor 2 into DC power, and an inverter control circuit 5 for generating a control signal for setting the frequency of the AC side voltage of the inverter circuit 4
And The inverter control circuit 5 includes means for generating a control command by a driver in accordance with driving of the vehicle.

A rotation sensor 6 is attached to the cage type polyphase induction machine 2, and a signal from the rotation sensor 6 is given to an inverter control circuit 5, and furthermore, a secondary battery relating to the state of charge of the secondary battery. Information from the circuit 3 is input.

A capacitor 7 and a semiconductor switch circuit 12 are connected to the output side of the inverter circuit 4, and a resistor 11 is connected through the semiconductor switch circuit 12.
The resistor 11 is configured to dissipate excessive electric energy that cannot be regenerated due to a large braking applied to the vehicle.

Further, a detection circuit 13 for detecting the output voltage of the inverter circuit 4 is connected to the secondary battery circuit 3 and the semiconductor switch circuit 12, and a resistor 11 is provided with a current detector 15 for detecting a change in current. Can be This current detector 15 is connected to a switch control circuit 14 for controlling the semiconductor switch circuit 12 according to the detection signal.
The detection circuit 13 is connected to the switch control circuit 14.

This device is mounted on an automobile, recovers energy generated by braking when the automobile is braked as electric energy, and stores the electric energy. When the automobile accelerates, the stored electric energy is converted into mechanical energy to be used for axles. This is to provide auxiliary power to the driving internal combustion engine.

In other words, the control circuit for controlling the inverter is such that in the acceleration mode in which the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine is used as an auxiliary power unit for the internal combustion engine, the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine applies a rotating magnetic field having a speed exceeding the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine. A deceleration mode in which the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine is used as a braking device for an internal combustion engine and includes means for controlling its inverter circuit so as to apply a rotating magnetic field to the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine at a speed lower than the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine. . In addition, the inverter circuit supplies the DC output of the electric energy stored in the power storage means as a polyphase AC output to the cage type polyphase induction machine in the acceleration mode, and outputs the polyphase AC output energy of the cage type polyphase induction machine in the deceleration mode. Includes circuit means for providing a DC output to the storage means.

In such a conventional device, the power storage means is a storage battery. In other words, the rated voltage on the DC side of the inverter is 200 to 300 V, and a storage battery having this rated voltage is used by connecting many lead-acid batteries for automobiles in series.

The applicant has designed and manufactured a practical device for the above device, and mounted it on a vehicle. This device was mainly used as a regular bus running in an urban area on a trial basis and was able to perform many tests.

[0010]

From the results of this test,
The above-mentioned device is an extremely useful device that can be effectively recovered and used without simply dissipating the energy generated during braking. In the future, it will be applicable not only to large vehicles but also to passenger cars and small trucks. Has been found to have excellent performance, but when a large-sized lead-acid battery is to be mounted on a practical vehicle, the volume will be considerably large. Specifically, about 10 lead-acid batteries of 24V. Since it will be used by connecting in series, it is 0.2-0.
Approximately 4m ² ○ Increases body weight ... Specifically 200-300kg. ○ To take out tens of amperes of DC power at a voltage exceeding 200V, provide appropriate safety equipment for the human body It must be equipped with a mounting structure that is specifically designed to be installed in a solid box with an opening and closing door, and safety equipment that automatically shuts off the circuit when the door is opened. Since lead-acid batteries are devices that involve a chemical reaction, maintenance is required, such as observing the amount of electrolyte under certain conditions, measuring its specific gravity, and replenishing or replenishing the electrolyte. As the number of man-hours increases, the application to private cars becomes difficult. ○ In order to have a structure that is convenient for maintenance, it must be centrally located at one place. Battery internal resistance There is an energy loss due to resistance .... The energy recovered during braking cannot be used efficiently during acceleration. ○ Electrically accurate enough to use the current storage capacity under normal operating conditions for automatic control. The current storage capacity can be known fairly accurately by measuring the specific gravity of the electrolyte.
In a simple ammeter or voltmeter measurement, if there is a temperature change, the above-mentioned internal resistance changes and the accuracy is not always sufficient,
It turned out that there is a problem that it cannot be used as real-time control information.

As a solution to the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has proposed to use an electrostatic capacity circuit (capacitor) for the electric storage means and has come to carry out a test. The device utilizing the capacitance circuit for the electric storage means is described in detail in another patent application filed by the same applicant with the present application. The outline is that, as an example that can be realized, an electric double layer capacitor is used as a unit capacitor, a large number of these capacitors are connected in series, and a plurality of the series circuits are connected in parallel.
This is to obtain a capacitance circuit of about 00V and a capacitance of about 20F. Then, it has been disclosed that by using this capacitance circuit, it is possible to assist for about 25 seconds with respect to power of about 160 A at a maximum voltage of 200 V at a maximum voltage of 200 V.

By the way, when a test is performed using such an apparatus,
If this device is not used for a very long time, the charge in the capacitance circuit may self-discharge. When the device is manufactured and used for the first time, the same applies because no charge is stored in the capacitance circuit. In a state where little electric charge is stored in the capacitance circuit, the internal combustion engine cannot be started. Furthermore, there is a DC high voltage on the DC side of the inverter circuit or the terminal of the capacitance circuit, and even if this DC high voltage is covered with an insulator, it is extremely dangerous if the human body touches it for any reason. It is desired that this DC high voltage circuit has a common potential different from that of the low voltage circuit.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a device which can start an internal combustion engine rationally even when the stored charge in the capacitance circuit is almost exhausted. I do. Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of separating a common potential of a low-voltage side circuit from a common potential of a high-voltage side circuit.

[0014]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a cage-type polyphase induction machine coupled to a rotating shaft of an internal combustion engine that drives an axle of a motor vehicle, power storage means, and a polyphase of the cage-type polyphase induction machine. an inverter circuit for coupling a DC circuit of the AC circuit and said storage means to convert the electrical energy in both directions, the braking and auxiliary power unit of an automobile and an inverter control circuit for controlling this inverter circuit, electrostatic Capacitor is straight
Drives the squirrel-cage polyphase induction motor connected to a row as an electric motor
The capacitance circuit for storing sufficient electric energy is
Directly connected to the DC side of the inverter circuit,
Equal to the rated voltage of the equipment and lower than the capacitance circuit
Bidirectional DC / DC connection between the storage battery and the capacitance circuit
The inverter is connected to the inverter control circuit.
Braking and auxiliary operation of the cage type polyphase induction machine with the capacitance circuit
The bidirectional DC / DC converter includes a control unit for controlling the transmission direction of electric energy by using the storage battery as an auxiliary storage power supply. And a converter control circuit.

The common potential on the low voltage side, which is one end of the storage battery, and the common potential on the high voltage side, which is one end of the capacitance circuit, are separated, and the common potential of the inverter control circuit is the high potential side. A common potential separating circuit including a photocoupler at a control input point of the inverter control circuit, wherein the common potential on the low voltage side is connected to a vehicle body potential of the automobile, and the converter control circuit has a control mode as its control mode. An initial charge mode in which the capacitance circuit converts the energy of the storage battery by the DC / DC converter and charges the battery; and stores a charge in the capacitance circuit when a terminal voltage of the capacitance circuit exceeds a predetermined value. A battery charging mode in which energy is converted by the DC / DC converter to charge the storage battery; and the inverter control circuit further controls the control mode. A start mode in which energy stored in the capacitance circuit is supplied to the cage-type polyphase induction machine as an alternating current through the inverter circuit as an AC current, and the cage-type polyphase induction machine is operated as an electric motor; A deceleration mode in which the cage-type polyphase induction machine is operated as a generator at the time of braking, and an output alternating current of the cage-type polyphase induction machine is supplied as a charging current to the capacitance circuit via the inverter circuit; An acceleration mode in which the cage-type polyphase induction machine operates as an electric motor during acceleration to supply energy stored in the capacitance circuit to the cage-type polyphase induction machine as an alternating current through the inverter circuit. As the control mode, following the start mode, the cage type multi-phase induction machine is operated as a generator during the warm-up operation of the internal combustion engine, and A warm-up mode in which an output AC current of an induction machine is supplied as a charging current to the capacitance circuit via the inverter circuit, and a terminal voltage of the capacitance circuit drops below a predetermined value during operation of the internal combustion engine And a supplementary charging mode in which the cage-type polyphase induction machine is operated as a generator when the output AC current of the cage-type polyphase induction machine is supplied to the capacitance circuit via the inverter circuit as a charging current. Including the inverter circuit,
It is preferable that the inverter control circuit and the capacitance circuit have a structure in which the inverter control circuit and the capacitance circuit are housed in a metal container connected to a vehicle body potential.

[0016]

According to the structure of the present invention, the storage battery (e.g., a battery) equipped with this device can be used immediately after the device is manufactured or when the device has not been used for a long time and there is almost no charge stored in the capacitance circuit. (Terminal voltage 24V or 12V), and the energy of this storage battery can be used.

In the initial charge mode, a high voltage is generated from the terminal voltage of the storage battery by using a DC / DC converter, and a certain amount of charge is stored in the capacitance circuit.

In the start mode, the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine is operated as an electric motor using the electric charge stored in the initial charge mode to start the internal combustion engine.

When the internal combustion engine starts rotating by itself, electric power is taken out from the cage type multi-phase induction machine, and the electric charge is further stored in the capacitance circuit. It is desirable that special control be performed as the warm-up operation mode. In this warm-up operation mode, the capacitance circuit reaches the rated terminal voltage.

In this case, the vehicle is ready to run. In the acceleration mode, the electric charge stored in the capacitance circuit is released to use the cage type polyphase induction machine as auxiliary power, and in the deceleration mode, the cage type polyphase induction machine is used. Is stored in the capacitance circuit.

When the amount of charge stored in the capacitance circuit becomes smaller than the specified value due to excessive use of the acceleration mode, the control mode is set to the auxiliary charging mode, and the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine is operated as a generator. When the internal combustion engine is rotating, the stored charge amount of the capacitance circuit can always be maintained at a specified value or more.

In this device, when there is a sufficient amount of charge stored in the capacitance circuit in this device, the inverter control circuit
Control the DC converter to generate and charge a low voltage,
The storage battery can be constantly maintained in a charged state.

In the device of the present invention, the common potential can be separated on the high voltage side and the low voltage side. That is, the low voltage side is common to the general load circuit of the vehicle, and connects the common potential to the vehicle body potential of the vehicle. That is, the device of the present invention makes it possible to separate the low voltage side and the high voltage side common potential by the transformer of the bidirectional DC / DC converter. On the high voltage side, the common potential is not connected to the vehicle body, but is floated from the vehicle body potential. Therefore, even if the human body touches the high-voltage side circuit for some reason, danger can be avoided without immediately receiving an electric shock.

The common potential of the sensor input, operation input and other control inputs introduced into the inverter control circuit is separated by a common potential separation circuit, and the signal is transmitted by a photocoupler. Therefore, the common potential of the inverter control circuit can be connected to the common potential of the inverter.

[0025]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a capacitance circuit in the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 5A is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a bidirectional DC / DC converter according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5A is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of an input common potential separating circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
(B) is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of an output common potential separation circuit.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine 2 having a rotor portion directly connected to an internal combustion engine 1 is provided.
And converts the DC voltage into an AC voltage having a frequency suitable for inducing a rotating magnetic field having a rotation speed lower than the shaft rotation speed of the cage-type polyphase induction machine 2, and providing the AC voltage to the cage-type polyphase induction machine 2. An inverter circuit 4 for converting AC power from the cage-type polyphase induction machine 2 into DC power;
And an inverter control circuit 5 for generating a control signal for setting the frequency of the AC side voltage. The inverter control circuit 5 includes means for generating a control command by a driver in accordance with driving of the vehicle.

A rotation sensor 6 is attached to the cage-type polyphase induction machine 2, and a signal from the rotation sensor 6 is given to an inverter control circuit 5, and further information on the state of charge is input.

The capacitor 7 and the semiconductor switch circuit 12 are connected to the output side of the inverter circuit 4, and the resistor 11 is connected through the semiconductor switch circuit 12.
This resistor 11 dissipates excessive electrical energy that cannot be regenerated due to heavy braking applied to the vehicle.

Further, a detection circuit 13 for detecting the output voltage of the inverter circuit 4 is connected, and the resistor 11 is provided with a current detector 15 for detecting a change in current. This current detector 15 is connected to a switch control circuit 14 for controlling the semiconductor switch circuit 12 according to the detection signal. The detection circuit 13 is connected to the switch control circuit 14.

Further, as a feature of the present invention, a high-voltage capacitance circuit 20 directly connected to the DC side of the inverter circuit 4 is provided.
And a storage means including a storage battery 21 having a low voltage equal to the rated voltage of general electric equipment of the vehicle, and a bidirectional DC / DC converter 22 connected between the capacitance circuit 20 and the storage battery 21. The directional DC / DC converter 22 includes a converter control circuit 24 shown in FIG. 4 for controlling the switching direction of the switching element to control the energy transmission direction.

The common potential on the low voltage side, which is one end of the storage battery 21, and the common potential on the high voltage side, which is one end of the capacitance circuit 20, are separated, and the common potential of the inverter control circuit 5 is the common potential on the high voltage side. Connected to the potential, the inverter control circuit 5
Is provided with an input common potential separation circuit 25 including a photocoupler 25a at a control input point, and a photocoupler 26
An output common potential separation circuit 26 including a is provided, and the common potential on the low voltage side is connected to the vehicle body potential of the automobile.

The converter control circuit 24 has two control modes, an initial charging mode in which the capacitance circuit 20 converts the energy of the storage battery 21 by the bidirectional DC / DC converter 22 and charges the same. When the terminal voltage exceeds a predetermined value, the battery control mode includes a battery charging mode in which the storage energy of the capacitance circuit 20 is converted by the bidirectional DC / DC converter 22 to charge the storage battery 21. A start mode in which the energy stored in the capacitance circuit 20 is supplied to the cage type polyphase induction machine 2 through the inverter circuit 4 as an alternating current, and the cage type polyphase induction machine 2 is operated as an electric motor; The cage type polyphase induction machine 2 is operated as a generator, and the output AC current of the cage type polyphase induction machine 2 is electrostatically transferred via the inverter circuit 4. A deceleration mode for supplying a charging current to an amount circuit 20, cage polyphase induction machine during acceleration of the motor vehicle 2
Is operated as an electric motor, the energy stored in the capacitance circuit 20 is supplied as an alternating current to the cage-type polyphase induction machine 2 via the inverter circuit 4 as an AC current, and the warm-up operation of the internal combustion engine 1 is performed after the start mode. Inside cage type polyphase induction machine 2
Is operated as a generator, a warm-up mode in which the output alternating current of the cage-type polyphase induction motor 2 is supplied as a charging current to the capacitance circuit 20 via the inverter circuit 4, and a capacitance during operation of the internal combustion engine 1 When the terminal voltage of the circuit 20 falls below a predetermined value, the cage-type polyphase induction machine 2 is operated as a generator and the output AC current of the cage-type polyphase induction machine 2 is passed through the inverter circuit 4 to the capacitance circuit 20. The inverter circuit 4, the inverter control circuit 5, and the capacitance circuit 20 are wrapped by an electrical insulator and housed in a metal container 30 connected to the vehicle body potential.

As shown in FIG. 3, the capacitance circuit 20 includes 150 unit capacitors C ₁ , C ₂ ,... C ₁₅₀ having the same capacitance (500 F, 2 V). Series circuits connected in series are further connected in parallel in six rows, and a total of 900 capacitors are arranged.

Further, each of these capacitors has a resistance R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ ,.
₁₅₀ are connected in parallel and 6
The columns are connected and arranged.

The reason why the resistors are arranged as described above is that even if each capacitor has the same standard capacitance, there is a slight variation due to manufacturing tolerances. , A difference occurs in the terminal voltages generated at the terminals. In order to prevent this, a resistor having little variation in manufacturing is connected in parallel for each capacitor so as to make the terminal voltage generated as uniform as possible.

In this example, 900 capacitors and resistors are used, as described above. However, when these are arranged on a plane, they have an area and a volume of about one tatami mat. However, since it is possible to disperse and dispose the group of capacitors and resistors in an unused space in the vehicle in a state of being electrically connected, the active space is not narrowed, and the battery of the conventionally used battery is not reduced. It can be extremely lightweight when compared to its weight.

In the above example, the capacitor and the resistor are set to 90
Although the number is zero, the number is not necessarily limited and can be set arbitrarily according to each vehicle type.

As a specific example, a commercially available electric double layer capacitor has a withstand voltage of 2 V and a capacitance of 500F.
00V, and when six circuits are connected in parallel, the capacitance becomes about 20F.

Since the withstand voltage is 300 V, the rated voltage is 2
When used at 00 V, the rated charge is 200 V × 20 F = 4000 coulombs (= ampere seconds), and the maximum current is 160 A according to the current inverter.
Therefore, 4000 coulombs / 160 amps = 25 seconds, and auxiliary power can be given for about 25 seconds with respect to electric power of maximum voltage 200V and maximum current 160A.

The bidirectional DC / DC converter 22 is the same as that shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
b, the high voltage side terminals 31c and 31d, and the low voltage side winding 3
, A low-side switching element Ta and Tb inserted between the low-side terminals 31a and 31b and the low-side winding 32; a high-side terminal 31c and 31d; High-side switching elements Tc and Td inserted between winding 33, low-side rectifying elements Da and Db connected in parallel to low-side switching elements Ta and Tb, and high-side switching elements Tc and Td in parallel, respectively. Connected high-side rectifiers Dc and Dd and low-side switching element T
a, Tb and a converter control circuit 24 for controlling the high-voltage side switching elements Tc, Td. In the low-voltage / high-voltage conversion mode, the converter control circuit 24 supplies an opening / closing control signal to the low-voltage side switching elements Ta, Tb, Control means for maintaining the switching elements Tc and Td in an open state; and control means for providing an open / close control signal to the high-side switching elements Tc and Td in the high-to-low conversion mode to maintain the low-side switching elements Ta and Tb in an open state. ,
Selecting means for selecting one of the two control modes.

The low voltage side voltage detecting circuit V1 for detecting the terminal voltages of the low voltage side terminals 31a and 31b and the high voltage side voltage detecting circuit V2 for detecting the terminal voltages of the high voltage side terminals 31c and 31d are provided. Control circuit 2
4, the two voltage detection circuits V1 and V
2 includes means for taking in the respective detection outputs of the first and second means and comparing the two detection outputs with respective reference values to automatically control the selection means, and detecting the current of the low-voltage side winding 32. A circuit I1 and a high voltage side current detection circuit I2 for detecting the current of the high voltage side winding 33 are provided.
Means for taking in the detected outputs of I and I2 and sending out an abnormal alarm output when the two detected outputs are not within the respective allowable ranges of the two control modes.

The input common potential separating circuit 25 provided at the control input point of the inverter control circuit 5 receives each sensor or operation signal as shown in FIG. 5 (a), and is superimposed on this signal. And a photocoupler 25 for separating two common potentials from each other.
a.

The output common potential separation circuit 26 provided at the control output point of the inverter control circuit 5
(B), as shown in an example, a photocoupler 26a for separating two common potentials, a diode 26e for preventing backflow of external noise, a resistor 26f, and a filter 26b, and an output signal opens and closes a switch 26d. Relay 2
The signal is sent to an external circuit via the connection circuit 6c.

Next, the normal operation of the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described.

First, when a braking force is generated in the rotating system, the inverter control circuit 5 generates a rotating magnetic field having a speed smaller than the rotating speed of the rotor of the cage type polyphase induction machine 2 detected by the rotation sensor 6. A control signal is generated so as to be given to the stator section of the cage type multi-phase induction machine 2. At this time, the cage-type polyphase induction machine 2 operates as a generator, and the generated electric energy is converted into DC energy by the inverter circuit 4 and supplied to the capacitance circuit 20 as a charging current. When the braking torque is large and the capacitance circuit 20 cannot absorb this DC energy, the DC terminal voltage rises beyond a predetermined value, and the semiconductor switch circuit 12 detects this and detects the terminal of the capacitance circuit 20. To close the resistor 11.

On the other hand, when applying the driving force to the rotating system, the inverter control circuit 5 generates a rotating magnetic field having a speed higher than the rotating speed of the rotor of the cage type polyphase induction machine 2 detected by the rotation sensor 6. A control signal is generated so as to be given to the stator section of the cage type multi-phase induction machine 2. At this time, a DC current is extracted from the capacitance circuit 20, converted into a polyphase alternating current corresponding to the rotating magnetic field by the inverter circuit 4, and supplied to the cage type polyphase induction machine 2.

Here, the larger the difference between the rotation speed of the rotating magnetic field and the shaft rotation speed, the larger the brake torque and the driving force. In this embodiment, the ratio between the difference and the rotation speed of the rotating magnetic field, that is, the slip of the cage type polyphase induction machine 2 is approximately ±
It is set to be in the range of 10%.

Next, control of charging the capacitance circuit 20 will be described. The inverter circuit 4 is supplied with a control signal from the inverter control circuit 5 for applying a rotating magnetic field corresponding to the rotation of the rotor to the stator of the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine 2. The inverter control circuit 5 includes a rotation sensor 6
, And information regarding the state of charge of the capacitance circuit 20 is input. The inverter control circuit 5 includes a microprocessor. In addition, the inverter control circuit 5 includes a unit that captures an operation control signal that changes depending on a driving condition by a driver's operation.

As described above, the inverter circuit 4 can supply the energy of the DC terminal to the AC terminal, and can also supply the energy generated in the AC terminal to the DC terminal. Further, the rotation speed of the rotating magnetic field is controlled by the control of the inverter control circuit 5 so that the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine 2 becomes an electric motor, and a driving force is applied to the rotating shaft of the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine 2 to provide an internal combustion engine. It can be operated as one auxiliary driving device. At this time, the electric energy charged in the capacitance circuit 20 is used.

The charging of the capacitance circuit 20 is continued by the generator connected to the internal combustion engine as long as the internal combustion engine is rotating, and the charging energy is increased by the operation of the starting motor or the operation of various outfitting devices. When used, it is controlled so as to reach a full charged state in the shortest possible time.

Next, the charge / discharge control of the capacitance circuit 20 in the embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a flow of control of charging and discharging of the capacitance circuit in the embodiment of the present invention.

Immediately after the device is manufactured or when the device has not been used for a long time and there is almost no charge stored in the capacitance circuit 20, the initial charge mode is selected and the minimum voltage of 150 V is supplied by the boost chopper of the boost / buck converter. Charged until (). When the start mode is selected and the internal combustion engine 1 is started with this voltage, the voltage drops to about 100 V ().

When the internal combustion engine 1 starts and enters a warm-up operation state, the warm-up mode is selected, the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine 2 starts power generation, electric charges are stored in the capacitance circuit 20, and the rated voltage of 35 is reached.
It reaches 0V (). As a result, the vehicle is in a runnable state, the acceleration mode is selected to release the electric charge stored in the capacitance circuit 20, or the deceleration mode is selected to run with the cage-type polyphase induction machine 2 as auxiliary power. ().

At this time, if the acceleration mode is used for a long time, the voltage decreases, but if the voltage falls below the minimum limit voltage set at about 230 V, the selection of the acceleration mode is prohibited. When the minimum limit voltage is reached, the control mode is switched to the supplementary charging mode, and the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine 2 is operated as a generator to slowly charge the capacitance circuit 20 (). As described above, while the internal combustion engine 1 is rotating, the stored charge amount of the capacitance circuit 20 is always maintained at a specified value or more. Thereafter, similar control is repeated.

Here, referring to FIG.
The operation of the converter will be described.

In the case of the low-voltage / high-voltage conversion mode, converter control circuit 24 controls low-voltage side switching elements Ta and T
An open / close control signal is given to b to open the high-side switching elements Tc and Td. At this time, the low-voltage side rectifying elements Da and Db connected in parallel with the low-voltage side switching elements Ta and Tb do not act because the applied voltage is in the reverse direction, and are kept in the open state. The high-voltage rectifiers Dc and Dd connected in parallel with Tc and Td operate as rectifiers because the applied voltage is in the forward direction.

In the case of the high-voltage / low-voltage conversion mode, converter control circuit 24 controls high-side switching elements Tc and Tc.
An open / close control signal is given to d to open the low-voltage switching elements Ta and Tb. At this time, the voltages applied to the high-side rectifiers Dc and Dd connected in parallel with the high-side switching elements Tc and Td have no effect because they are in opposite directions. The voltages applied to the low-voltage rectifiers Dc and Dd connected in parallel with the low-voltage switching elements Ta and Tb maintained in the open state operate as rectifiers in the forward direction.

As described above, the storage means includes a high-voltage capacitance circuit 20 directly connected to the DC side of the inverter circuit 4.
And a low-voltage storage battery 2 equal to the rated voltage of general electrical equipment
1 is included. In order to prevent danger to the human body, the common potential on the low voltage side serving as one end of the storage battery 21 and the common potential on the high voltage side serving as one end of the capacitance circuit 20 are connected to the bidirectional DC / DC converter and FIG. ) And (b)
Are separated by an input common potential separation circuit 25 and an output common potential separation circuit 26 provided in the inverter control circuit 5 shown in FIG. That is, the common potential of the inverter control circuit 5 is connected to the common potential on the high voltage side, and the common potential on the low voltage side is connected to the vehicle body potential of the automobile.

[0059]

As described above, according to the present invention, the bidirectional DC / DC converter is controlled to generate a low voltage for a general load circuit when there is sufficient stored charge in the capacitance circuit. To maintain the charging of the storage battery steadily, and separate the common potential between the high voltage side and the low voltage side to float from the vehicle body potential and prevent electric shock due to the human body touching the high voltage side There is an effect that can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a capacitance circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a bidirectional DC / DC converter according to the embodiment of the present invention.

5A is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration of an input common potential separation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5B is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration of an output common potential separation circuit.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a flow of control of charging and discharging of the capacitance circuit in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal combustion engine 2 Cage type polyphase induction machine 3 Secondary battery circuit 4 Inverter circuit 5 Inverter control circuit 6 Rotation sensor 7 Capacitor 11 Resistor 12 Semiconductor switch circuit 13 Detection circuit 14 Switch control circuit 15 Current detector 20 Capacitance circuit DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Storage battery 22 Bidirectional DC / DC converter 24 Converter control circuit 25 Input common potential separation circuit 25a, 26a Photocoupler 26 Output common potential separation circuit 25b, 26b Filter 26c Relay 26d Switch 26e Diode 26f Resistor 30 Metal container 31a, 31b Low voltage side terminal 31c, 31d High voltage side terminal 32 Low voltage side winding 33 High voltage side winding 35 Transformer Da, Db Low voltage side rectifying element Dc, Dd High voltage side rectifying element Ta, Tb Low voltage side switching element Tc, Td High voltage side switching element V1 Low voltage side voltage detection circuit V2 High voltage side voltage detection circuit I1 Low voltage side current detection circuit I2 High voltage side current detection circuit

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02J 7/14 B60L 1/00-1/16 B60L 7/00 B60L 8/00 B60L 11/00-11/18 H02J 7 / 00-7/10 H02J 7/34-7/35

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. The rotation of an internal combustion engine that drives the axle of an automobile
A cage-type polyphase induction machine connected to a shaft, power storage means,
The polyphase AC circuit of the cage type polyphase induction machine and the DC of the power storage means
Circuit that converts electrical energy bidirectionally into a circuit
Inverter that controls the inverter circuit and the inverter circuit
Braking and auxiliary power unit for a motor vehicle having a motor control circuit
AtCapacitive elements are connected in series and the cage type polyphase induction machine is
Static electricity that stores enough electric energy to drive as a motor
A capacitance circuit is directly connected to the DC side of the inverter circuit, The capacitance is equal to the rated voltage of the general electrical equipment of the car.
Between the storage battery having a lower voltage than the circuit and the capacitance circuit.
Directional DC-DC converter is connected, The inverter control circuit converts the capacitance circuit into the car
As a main storage power source for braking and auxiliary power of a multi-phase induction motor
Including means for controlling using  The bidirectional DC / DC converter has its switching
Control the opening and closing of the elementThe storage battery is used as an auxiliary storage power supply.
MindA converter control circuit that controls the direction of energy transmission
Vehicle braking and auxiliary power equipment characterized by including
Place. 2. A common potential on a low voltage side serving as one end of the storage battery and a common potential on a high voltage side serving as one end of the capacitance circuit are separated, and the common potential of the inverter control circuit is the high voltage. The braking and auxiliary power device for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a common potential separating circuit connected to a common potential on a side of the inverter and including a photocoupler at a control input point of the inverter control circuit. 3. The vehicle braking and auxiliary power device according to claim 2, wherein the low-potential-side common potential is connected to a vehicle body potential of the vehicle. 4. The converter control circuit has an initial charging mode in which the capacitance circuit converts and charges the energy of the storage battery by the DC / DC converter, and a terminal voltage of the capacitance circuit. 2. The braking and auxiliary power device for an automobile according to claim 1, further comprising a battery charging mode in which the stored energy of the capacitance circuit is converted by the DC / DC converter when the storage battery exceeds a predetermined value and the storage battery is charged. 5. The cage-type multi-phase induction machine according to claim 1, wherein the inverter control circuit supplies the energy stored in the capacitance circuit as an alternating current to the cage-type polyphase induction machine through the inverter circuit as a control mode. A start mode in which the machine is operated as an electric motor, and the car-shaped polyphase induction machine is operated as a generator during braking of the car, and the output alternating current of the car-shaped polyphase induction machine is output through the inverter circuit to the capacitance circuit. A deceleration mode for supplying a charging current to the car, and operating the car-shaped polyphase induction machine as an electric motor when the vehicle is accelerating, and storing the energy stored in the capacitance circuit through the inverter circuit to the car-shaped polyphase induction machine. 2. The vehicle braking and auxiliary power system according to claim 1, further comprising: an acceleration mode for supplying the vehicle with an alternating current. 6. The car control system according to claim 1, wherein the inverter control circuit operates the car-shaped polyphase induction machine as a generator during a warm-up operation of the internal combustion engine following the start mode. A warm-up mode in which an output AC current is supplied as a charging current to the capacitance circuit via the inverter circuit, and when a terminal voltage of the capacitance circuit drops below a predetermined value during operation of the internal combustion engine. A supplementary charging mode in which the cage-type polyphase induction machine is operated as a generator and an output alternating current of the cage-type polyphase induction machine is supplied as a charging current to the capacitance circuit via the inverter circuit. A vehicle braking and auxiliary power unit according to claim 5. 7. The vehicle brake according to claim 1, wherein the inverter circuit, the inverter control circuit, and the capacitance circuit are configured to be wrapped by an electrical insulator and housed in a metal container connected to a vehicle body potential. And auxiliary power unit.